DE2844696A1 - Optische faser mit geringer abschwaechung - Google Patents
Optische faser mit geringer abschwaechungInfo
- Publication number
- DE2844696A1 DE2844696A1 DE19782844696 DE2844696A DE2844696A1 DE 2844696 A1 DE2844696 A1 DE 2844696A1 DE 19782844696 DE19782844696 DE 19782844696 DE 2844696 A DE2844696 A DE 2844696A DE 2844696 A1 DE2844696 A1 DE 2844696A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- polymer
- core
- polymerization
- methyl methacrylate
- deuterated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 51
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 114
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical group COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 10
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011737 fluorine Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 4
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical group FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004494 ethyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 81
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 44
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 24
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 17
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 14
- -1 perfluoroalkyl perfluorovinyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- PSYGHMBJXWRQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-sulfanylacetyl)oxyethyl 2-sulfanylacetate Chemical compound SCC(=O)OCCOC(=O)CS PSYGHMBJXWRQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 11
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 10
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 9
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- UTGQNNCQYDRXCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N'-diphenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine Chemical compound C=1C=C(NC=2C=CC=CC=2)C=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 UTGQNNCQYDRXCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 7
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012986 chain transfer agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001030 gas--liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QSJXEFYPDANLFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diacetyl Chemical group CC(=O)C(C)=O QSJXEFYPDANLFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- WNAHIZMDSQCWRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane-1-thiol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCS WNAHIZMDSQCWRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000155 isotopic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M methacrylate group Chemical group C(C(=C)C)(=O)[O-] CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001428 transition metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AJDIZQLSFPQPEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-Trichlorotrifluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)C(F)(Cl)Cl AJDIZQLSFPQPEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N Deuterium Chemical compound [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006125 amorphous polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- WQAQPCDUOCURKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanethiol Chemical compound CCCCS WQAQPCDUOCURKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001688 coating polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoropropylene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)F HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000012667 polymer degradation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioglycolic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CS CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- QIVUCLWGARAQIO-OLIXTKCUSA-N (3s)-n-[(3s,5s,6r)-6-methyl-2-oxo-1-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-5-(2,3,6-trifluorophenyl)piperidin-3-yl]-2-oxospiro[1h-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-3,6'-5,7-dihydrocyclopenta[b]pyridine]-3'-carboxamide Chemical compound C1([C@H]2[C@H](N(C(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)C=3C=C4C[C@]5(CC4=NC=3)C3=CC=CN=C3NC5=O)C2)CC(F)(F)F)C)=C(F)C=CC(F)=C1F QIVUCLWGARAQIO-OLIXTKCUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHXKESCWFMPTFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,2,3,3-heptafluoro-3-(1,2,2-trifluoroethenoxy)propane Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)OC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F KHXKESCWFMPTFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BLTXWCKMNMYXEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-trifluoro-2-(trifluoromethoxy)ethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)OC(F)(F)F BLTXWCKMNMYXEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SUVZGLSQFGNBQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-bis(sulfanyl)hexanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(S)CCC(S)C(O)=O SUVZGLSQFGNBQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HAQZWTGSNCDKTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-sulfanylpropanoyloxy)ethyl 3-sulfanylpropanoate Chemical compound SCCC(=O)OCCOC(=O)CCS HAQZWTGSNCDKTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HQPZDTQSGNKMOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpropane-1,3-diol;3-sulfanylpropanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCS.OC(=O)CCS.OC(=O)CCS.OCC(C)(CO)CO HQPZDTQSGNKMOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WYGWHHGCAGTUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(2-cyano-4-methylpentan-2-yl)diazenyl]-2,4-dimethylpentanenitrile Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)(C#N)N=NC(C)(C#N)CC(C)C WYGWHHGCAGTUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000760 Hardened steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical group SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002319 Poly(methyl acrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical group O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOBBTVPTPXRUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-(3-sulfanylpropanoyloxy)-2,2-bis(3-sulfanylpropanoyloxymethyl)propyl] 3-sulfanylpropanoate Chemical compound SCCC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)CCS)(COC(=O)CCS)COC(=O)CCS JOBBTVPTPXRUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KYIKRXIYLAGAKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N abcn Chemical compound C1CCCCC1(C#N)N=NC1(C#N)CCCCC1 KYIKRXIYLAGAKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M acrylate group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)[O-] NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000005396 acrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AOJOEFVRHOZDFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 AOJOEFVRHOZDFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- OIWOHHBRDFKZNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC1CCCCC1 OIWOHHBRDFKZNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- XUCNUKMRBVNAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoroethene Chemical compound FC=C XUCNUKMRBVNAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002290 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012886 linear function Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004811 liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005397 methacrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013308 plastic optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003822 preparative gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C=C PNXMTCDJUBJHQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009183 running Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012748 slip agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004634 thermosetting polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-M thioglycolate(1-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CS CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
- B29D11/00663—Production of light guides
- B29D11/00721—Production of light guides involving preforms for the manufacture of light guides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/05—Filamentary, e.g. strands
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/10—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one other macromolecular compound obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as constituent
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02033—Core or cladding made from organic material, e.g. polymeric material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2929—Bicomponent, conjugate, composite or collateral fibers or filaments [i.e., coextruded sheath-core or side-by-side type]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
- Y10T428/2964—Artificial fiber or filament
- Y10T428/2967—Synthetic resin or polymer
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
- Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
Description
und Copolymere davon mit Estern der Acryl- und Methacrylsäure mit niederen Alkoholen, wie Methanol oder Äthanol. Copolymere von Monomeren der allgemeinen Formel
erhitzt den Ansatz dann weiter zur Erhöhung der Temperatur mit etwa derselben Geschwindigkeit bis auf eine Temperatur im Bereich von 115 bis 14O°C (vorzugsweise 125 bis 135 0C). Schliesslich wird eine in diesem Bereich liegende Temperatur mindestens 30 Min., vorzugsweise mindestens 1 Std. ,
aufrechterhalten. Danach wird das Polymere abgekühlt. Der Überdruck im Bereich von 6,8 bis 24,52 bar (7 bis 25 kg/cm ) wird während des gesamten Heizprogramms beibehalten. Lediglich nach dem Absinken der Temperatur des Polymeren unter 1000C, d.h. dem Siedepunkt von Methylmethacrylat, wird der Druck entspannt, damit die Blasenbildung durch Spuren von
O bis | 16 | Zeit, | Hf | 130 | 2844696 | 51,3 | |
16 bis | 16 | Temperatur, 0C |
Heizgeschwin- dilatome- digkeit, trisch be- °C/Std. stimmte Umwandlung, |
70,0 | |||
6,8 bis | 18 | ,8 | 56 | 100 | - | ||
Verstrichene Std. |
,25 bis | 19 | ,25 | 70 | - | - | |
,25 bis | 19 | ,25 | 70 bis | 40 | - | ||
,7 bis | 20 | *7 | 130 | - | 99,9 | ||
1 | ,25 | 130 bis | -46 | ||||
18 | 100 | _ | |||||
19 | |||||||
19 |
2 und 3 hat) mit einer inhärenten Viskosität von 0,5 (gemessen an einer 0,5%igen (Gew./Vol.) Lösung in 1,1,2-Trichlor-1,2,2-trifluoräthan bei 200C) und einem Schmelzindex von 6 bei 2300C (gemessen nach ASTM D-2116-66 mit einer
Öffnung von 2,095 mm und einem Gewicht von 2160 g). Die
Temperatur des Schneckenextruderzylinders reicht von 2290C in der Nähe des Fülltrichters bis 2480C am Auslassende des Zylinders.
Faser mit Hilfe einer Wolframhalogenlampe als Lichtquelle und eines Hochintensitäts-Monochromators (Bausch and Lomb) bei den .nachstehenden Bedingungen aufgenommen:
Yf ell enlängen- bereich, nm |
Gitter | Linien/mm | 2 Spaltbrei te, mm |
844696 Kantenfil ter |
Ein- Aus lass lass |
||||
400 bis 800 700 bis 1100 |
33-86-76 33-86-77 |
1350 675 |
2 1 2 1 |
keines Corning 2-58 |
0 | bis | 16 | 60 | 130 | _ | 54 | ,1 | |
16 | bis | 16,9 | 70 | - | 70 | |||
16 | ,9 | bis | 18,4 | 70 bis | 100 | 40 | — | |
18 | ,4 | bis | 19,4 | 150 | - | - | ||
19 | ,4 | bis | 20 | 130 bis | etwa -60 | - | ||
20 | bis | 20,4 | 100 | — | 99 | ,7 | ||
Daten für die Vergleichsbeispiele A und B
Spinntemperatur, °C | 215 | 215 |
Abzugsgeschwindigkeit, m/Min. | 36,6 | 36,6 |
(ft/min) | (120) | (120) |
Dicke der Umhüllung, \xm | 16 | 16 |
Eigenschaften | ||
Durchmesser, (im | 390 - 20 | 396 ± T |
Wellenlänge der maximalen | ||
Durchlässigkeit, nm | 650 | 651 |
Abschwächung bei ^ , dB/km | 260 | 305 |
Temperatur, 0C | 70 |
90 | |
00 ; | |
1 | 10 |
1 | 12 |
1 |
TABELLE V | Fasereigenschaften | Beispiel 4 | Beispiel C |
Durchmesser, μπι | 264±13 | 267-13 | |
Dicke der Umhüllung, μΐη | 50 | 100 | |
Abschwächung, dB/km | |||
nominale Wellenlänge, mn* | |||
546,1 | 1590 | 2040 | |
632,8 | 1170 | 1632 | |
656,3 | 1100 | 1320 | |
670,8 | 1060 | 1360 | |
694,3 | 1020 | 1400 | |
767,0 | 1150 | 1800 | |
794,7 | 940 | 2240 | |
852,1 | 1300 | 3230 | |
900,0 | 1380 | 7510 | |
50 2844636 | Beispiel 5 Vergleichs beispiel D |
nm | 992 1205 | |
TABELLE VI | ||||
Fasereigenschaften | 1863 | |||
Abschwächung, dB/km | 765 | |||
Wellenlänge. 632,8 | 669 | |||
(He-Ne-Laser) | 611 | |||
Wellenlänge, nm* | 578 | |||
546,1 | 557 | |||
656,3 | 627 | |||
670,8 | 934 | |||
694,3 | ||||
767,0 | ||||
794,7 | ||||
852,1 | ||||
900,0 |
Claims (9)
0 Y
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US05/842,301 US4138194A (en) | 1977-10-14 | 1977-10-14 | Low attenuation optical fiber of deuterated polymer |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE2844696A1 true DE2844696A1 (de) | 1979-04-26 |
DE2844696C2 DE2844696C2 (de) | 1983-09-01 |
Family
ID=25287007
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE2844696A Expired DE2844696C2 (de) | 1977-10-14 | 1978-10-13 | Optische Faser mit geringer Abschwächung |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4138194A (de) |
JP (2) | JPS5465556A (de) |
BE (1) | BE871240A (de) |
CA (2) | CA1111221A (de) |
DE (1) | DE2844696C2 (de) |
FR (1) | FR2405807A1 (de) |
GB (1) | GB2007870B (de) |
IT (1) | IT1099709B (de) |
NL (1) | NL186711C (de) |
Families Citing this family (53)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4260251A (en) * | 1979-10-01 | 1981-04-07 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Irradiance analyzer for high power lasers |
JPS5781204A (en) * | 1980-11-11 | 1982-05-21 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Low-loss plastic optical fiber and its production |
US4530569A (en) * | 1981-08-20 | 1985-07-23 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Optical fibers comprising cores clad with amorphous copolymers of perfluoro-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxole |
JPS5834404A (ja) * | 1981-08-25 | 1983-02-28 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | プラスチツク光フアイバ |
JPS5865402A (ja) * | 1981-10-14 | 1983-04-19 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | プラスチツク光フアイバ |
JPS58149003A (ja) * | 1982-03-01 | 1983-09-05 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | 低損失プラスチツク光フアイバの製造方法 |
JPS58154803A (ja) * | 1982-03-10 | 1983-09-14 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | プラスチツク光フアイバ |
JPS58178302A (ja) * | 1982-04-12 | 1983-10-19 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 耐熱性プラスチツク光フアイバ− |
JPS58193501A (ja) * | 1982-05-07 | 1983-11-11 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 光学材料 |
JPS58196218A (ja) * | 1982-05-11 | 1983-11-15 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 光学繊維用鞘材 |
AU560480B2 (en) * | 1982-07-05 | 1987-04-09 | Mitsubishi Rayon Company Limited | Plastic optical fibres |
JPS5936111A (ja) * | 1982-08-24 | 1984-02-28 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 光学繊維用鞘材 |
DE3319536C1 (de) * | 1983-05-28 | 1984-11-22 | Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf | Kunststofflichtleitfaser |
DE3485903T2 (de) * | 1983-06-10 | 1993-04-15 | Daikin Ind Ltd | Optisches material. |
US4547040A (en) * | 1983-06-21 | 1985-10-15 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. | Optical fiber assembly and process for preparing same |
DE3470127D1 (en) * | 1983-11-02 | 1988-05-05 | Sumitomo Chemical Co | Optical fiber |
JPS60199007A (ja) * | 1984-03-22 | 1985-10-08 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 光学材料 |
JPS6117592A (ja) * | 1984-04-14 | 1986-01-25 | メルク・パテント・ゲゼルシヤフト・ミツト・ベシユレンクテル・ハフツング | 過ジユウテリウム化されたメタアクリレ−トの製造方法 |
JPS60250310A (ja) * | 1984-05-28 | 1985-12-11 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 光学繊維鞘材 |
DE3587521T2 (de) * | 1984-05-30 | 1994-03-31 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co | Kunststoffaser mit optischen übertragungseigenschaften. |
JPS61262707A (ja) * | 1985-05-17 | 1986-11-20 | Hitachi Ltd | プラスチック光ファイバの製造方法 |
CA1265903A (en) * | 1985-07-26 | 1990-02-20 | Kureha Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Optical fiber |
US4768860A (en) * | 1985-09-21 | 1988-09-06 | Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. | Plastic optical cable |
JPS63502305A (ja) * | 1986-02-20 | 1988-09-01 | ザ ダウ ケミカル カンパニ− | 重合体光ファイバ |
JPS63188121A (ja) * | 1987-01-30 | 1988-08-03 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | プラスチツク光フアイバおよびその製造方法 |
CA1335022C (en) * | 1987-07-30 | 1995-03-28 | Tsuruyoshi Matsumoto | Cladding material for optical fiber |
FR2625569B1 (fr) * | 1987-12-30 | 1990-05-04 | Charbonnages Ste Chimique | Procede de preparation d'optiques organiques |
FR2625570B1 (fr) * | 1987-12-30 | 1990-05-04 | Charbonnages Ste Chimique | Procede de preparation d'optiques organiques a saut(s) d'indice |
JPH02195302A (ja) * | 1989-01-24 | 1990-08-01 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 光学繊維 |
US5062680A (en) * | 1989-09-27 | 1991-11-05 | Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation | Plate plastics optical waveguide |
FR2657556B1 (fr) * | 1990-01-26 | 1994-07-01 | Bosc Dominique | Procede de fabrication de guides optiques circulaires monomodes en polymere. |
US5485541A (en) * | 1993-06-15 | 1996-01-16 | Rohm And Haas Company | Cured composite, processes and composition |
EP0872745B1 (de) * | 1995-05-15 | 2002-01-09 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. | Optische plastikfaser und faseroptisches kabel |
US5579429A (en) * | 1995-09-06 | 1996-11-26 | Dn Labs, Inc. | Laser dye doped fluorescent optical fiber and method of preparation of the same |
US6546756B1 (en) * | 1999-12-27 | 2003-04-15 | Corning Incorporated | Method of making an optical fiber, with storage in a new bag |
GB0002192D0 (en) * | 2000-01-31 | 2000-03-22 | Borealis Polymers Oy | Rheometry |
KR20020073476A (ko) * | 2000-09-15 | 2002-09-26 | 퍼스트 퀄러티 파이버스 인코퍼레이티드 | 반결정성 중합체로 제조된 광학섬유의 제조장치 |
US6929899B2 (en) | 2001-01-25 | 2005-08-16 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Fluorinated photopolymer composition and waveguide device |
US7078445B2 (en) * | 2001-02-01 | 2006-07-18 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Photosensitive acrylate composition and waveguide device |
US7043133B2 (en) * | 2001-07-12 | 2006-05-09 | Little Optics, Inc. | Silicon-oxycarbide high index contrast, low-loss optical waveguides and integrated thermo-optic devices |
US6614977B2 (en) | 2001-07-12 | 2003-09-02 | Little Optics, Inc. | Use of deuterated gases for the vapor deposition of thin films for low-loss optical devices and waveguides |
FR2832514B1 (fr) * | 2001-11-19 | 2004-01-30 | Nexans | Procede de fabrication d'une fibre optique plastique a gradient d'indice et fibre optique a gradient d'indice obtenue par ce procede |
US6865322B2 (en) * | 2002-06-04 | 2005-03-08 | Goi Acquisitions Llc | Fiber optic device with enhanced resistance to environmental conditions and method |
US6741774B2 (en) | 2002-06-04 | 2004-05-25 | Gould Fiber Optics, Inc. | Fiber optic device with enhanced resistance to environmental conditions and method |
US7006753B2 (en) * | 2002-12-18 | 2006-02-28 | General Electric Company | Optical waveguide devices with deuterated amorphous carbon core structures |
JP2004240122A (ja) * | 2003-02-05 | 2004-08-26 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | プラスチック光ファイバケーブルおよび製造方法 |
JP2005082487A (ja) * | 2003-09-04 | 2005-03-31 | Mitsubishi Gas Chem Co Inc | 重水素化メタクリル酸メチルの製造方法 |
JP4747764B2 (ja) * | 2005-09-28 | 2011-08-17 | 株式会社トヨトミ | ストーブの枠体取付け構造 |
WO2011063214A1 (en) * | 2009-11-20 | 2011-05-26 | Corning Incorporated | Illumination system with side - emitting optical photonic fibre and manufacturing method thereof |
ES2787826T3 (es) | 2011-04-28 | 2020-10-19 | L E S S Ltd | Aparatos de guía de ondas para sistemas de iluminación |
US20130308335A1 (en) * | 2012-05-18 | 2013-11-21 | Corning Incorporated | Modular optical fiber illumination systems |
ES2864634T3 (es) | 2013-10-18 | 2021-10-14 | L E S S Ltd | Aparato de iluminación basado en guía de ondas |
JP6784862B1 (ja) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-11-11 | 日東電工株式会社 | プラスチック光ファイバーの製造装置及びギヤポンプ |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3779627A (en) * | 1971-05-17 | 1973-12-18 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Optical transmission line elements utilizing fluorinated polymers |
US3993834A (en) * | 1973-11-22 | 1976-11-23 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. | Light transmitting filament |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US379627A (en) * | 1888-03-20 | Wrench | ||
GB1037498A (en) * | 1965-06-14 | 1966-07-27 | Du Pont | Light transmitting filaments |
FR1437867A (fr) * | 1965-06-14 | 1966-05-06 | Du Pont | Filaments capables de transmettre la lumière |
US3641332A (en) * | 1969-10-30 | 1972-02-08 | Ebert Michael | Fiber optics illumination system |
US3722981A (en) * | 1971-05-17 | 1973-03-27 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Low melting point optical transmission line |
US3791714A (en) * | 1972-03-30 | 1974-02-12 | Corning Glass Works | Method of producing glass for optical waveguides |
JPH038978A (ja) * | 1989-06-05 | 1991-01-16 | Konsutetsuku:Kk | 吹付アスベストの乾式除去装置 |
-
1977
- 1977-10-14 US US05/842,301 patent/US4138194A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1978
- 1978-10-12 JP JP12472278A patent/JPS5465556A/ja active Granted
- 1978-10-12 CA CA313,181A patent/CA1111221A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-10-13 NL NLAANVRAGE7810327,A patent/NL186711C/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-10-13 FR FR7829290A patent/FR2405807A1/fr active Granted
- 1978-10-13 DE DE2844696A patent/DE2844696C2/de not_active Expired
- 1978-10-13 IT IT28757/78A patent/IT1099709B/it active
- 1978-10-13 GB GB7840408A patent/GB2007870B/en not_active Expired
- 1978-10-13 BE BE191101A patent/BE871240A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1983
- 1983-06-22 CA CA000431125A patent/CA1196757B/en not_active Expired
- 1983-12-23 JP JP58242333A patent/JPS6058444B2/ja not_active Expired
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3779627A (en) * | 1971-05-17 | 1973-12-18 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Optical transmission line elements utilizing fluorinated polymers |
US3993834A (en) * | 1973-11-22 | 1976-11-23 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. | Light transmitting filament |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA1196757B (en) | 1985-11-19 |
GB2007870A (en) | 1979-05-23 |
IT1099709B (it) | 1985-09-28 |
NL7810327A (nl) | 1979-04-18 |
JPS59170803A (ja) | 1984-09-27 |
JPS5465556A (en) | 1979-05-26 |
FR2405807B1 (de) | 1984-03-23 |
NL186711C (nl) | 1991-02-01 |
DE2844696C2 (de) | 1983-09-01 |
BE871240A (fr) | 1979-04-13 |
US4138194A (en) | 1979-02-06 |
JPS6058444B2 (ja) | 1985-12-20 |
JPS5751645B2 (de) | 1982-11-02 |
FR2405807A1 (fr) | 1979-05-11 |
GB2007870B (en) | 1982-03-03 |
NL186711B (nl) | 1990-09-03 |
CA1111221A (en) | 1981-10-27 |
IT7828757A0 (it) | 1978-10-13 |
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