DE2709053A1 - Verfahren zur verhinderung von polymerisat-ablagerungen in polymerisationsreaktoren - Google Patents
Verfahren zur verhinderung von polymerisat-ablagerungen in polymerisationsreaktorenInfo
- Publication number
- DE2709053A1 DE2709053A1 DE19772709053 DE2709053A DE2709053A1 DE 2709053 A1 DE2709053 A1 DE 2709053A1 DE 19772709053 DE19772709053 DE 19772709053 DE 2709053 A DE2709053 A DE 2709053A DE 2709053 A1 DE2709053 A1 DE 2709053A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- dithiooxamide
- coated
- aluminum oxide
- reactor
- iii
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 39
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 29
- OAEGRYMCJYIXQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dithiooxamide Chemical compound NC(=S)C(N)=S OAEGRYMCJYIXQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical group CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- FOCAUTSVDIKZOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCl FOCAUTSVDIKZOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940106681 chloroacetic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021556 Chromium(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002057 carboxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC(=O)C([H])([H])[*] 0.000 claims description 2
- QSWDMMVNRMROPK-UHFFFAOYSA-K chromium(3+) trichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cr+3] QSWDMMVNRMROPK-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- JZNZTFFWLZUIKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(3+);trinitrate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Cr+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O JZNZTFFWLZUIKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011636 chromium(III) chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000007831 chromium(III) chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 244000078856 Prunus padus Species 0.000 claims 1
- ZZCONUBOESKGOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;trinitrate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Al+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZZCONUBOESKGOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims 1
- NQXWGWZJXJUMQB-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Cl-].Cl[Fe+]Cl NQXWGWZJXJUMQB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 1
- FGHSTPNOXKDLKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid;hydrate Chemical compound O.O[N+]([O-])=O FGHSTPNOXKDLKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- KAVBMPSEABAPIE-UHFFFAOYSA-K trichlorochromium;hydrate Chemical compound O.Cl[Cr](Cl)Cl KAVBMPSEABAPIE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 8
- DTAFLBZLAZYRDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N OOOOOO Chemical compound OOOOOO DTAFLBZLAZYRDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 6
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- UEUXEKPTXMALOB-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrasodium;2-[2-[bis(carboxylatomethyl)amino]ethyl-(carboxylatomethyl)amino]acetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O UEUXEKPTXMALOB-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 5
- 229920003091 Methocel™ Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- -1 salt compound Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- DSCFFEYYQKSRSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1L-O1-methyl-muco-inositol Natural products COC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C1O DSCFFEYYQKSRSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- IFNWPVOGRPXDCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3,5-dichloro-2,4-difluorophenyl)urea Chemical compound NC(=O)NC1=CC(Cl)=C(F)C(Cl)=C1F IFNWPVOGRPXDCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WWSJZGAPAVMETJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]-3-ethoxypyrazol-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C=1C(=NN(C=1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)OCC WWSJZGAPAVMETJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZACVGCNKGYYQHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexoxycarbonyloxy 2-ethylhexyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)OOC(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC ZACVGCNKGYYQHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M aluminum;oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Al+3] VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NSGQRLUGQNBHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-2-yl butan-2-yloxycarbonyloxy carbonate Chemical compound CCC(C)OC(=O)OOC(=O)OC(C)CC NSGQRLUGQNBHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- DKAGJZJALZXOOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrate;hydrochloride Chemical class O.Cl DKAGJZJALZXOOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- WOSISLOTWLGNKT-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+);dichloride;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.Cl[Fe]Cl WOSISLOTWLGNKT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NEOOEFDJRSCWOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);dinitrate;hydrate Chemical class O.[Fe+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O NEOOEFDJRSCWOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000116 mitigating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- GSXFUHXCXJJPCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-(2-hydroxyethyl)ethanedithioamide Chemical compound NC(=S)C(=S)NCCO GSXFUHXCXJJPCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HVAMZGADVCBITI-UHFFFAOYSA-M pent-4-enoate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCC=C HVAMZGADVCBITI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012748 slip agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/002—Scale prevention in a polymerisation reactor or its auxiliary parts
- C08F2/004—Scale prevention in a polymerisation reactor or its auxiliary parts by a prior coating on the reactor walls
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/699,100 US4068052A (en) | 1976-06-23 | 1976-06-23 | Reducing PVC polymer buildup in polymerization reactors with dithioxamides and alumina |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2709053A1 true DE2709053A1 (de) | 1978-01-05 |
Family
ID=24807927
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19772709053 Ceased DE2709053A1 (de) | 1976-06-23 | 1977-03-02 | Verfahren zur verhinderung von polymerisat-ablagerungen in polymerisationsreaktoren |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US4068052A (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JPS53280A (enExample) |
| BE (1) | BE852109A (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA1095645A (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE2709053A1 (enExample) |
| FR (1) | FR2355890A1 (enExample) |
| GB (1) | GB1532394A (enExample) |
| NO (1) | NO147524C (enExample) |
| SE (1) | SE435188B (enExample) |
| ZA (1) | ZA77546B (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS52162959U (enExample) * | 1976-06-02 | 1977-12-10 | ||
| US4068052A (en) * | 1976-06-23 | 1978-01-10 | Continental Oil Company | Reducing PVC polymer buildup in polymerization reactors with dithioxamides and alumina |
| JPS53102396A (en) * | 1977-02-17 | 1978-09-06 | Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd | Polymerization of vinyl chloride monomer |
| US4359560A (en) * | 1978-06-13 | 1982-11-16 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Method for reducing wall fouling in vinyl chloride polymerization |
| US4145496A (en) * | 1978-07-03 | 1979-03-20 | Continental Oil Company | Prevention of PVC polymer buildup in polymerization reactors using oxalyl bis(benzylidenehydrazide) and alumina |
| US4297320A (en) * | 1979-04-30 | 1981-10-27 | The B. F. Goodrich Company | Coating polymerization reactors with the reaction products of thiodiphenols and a bleach |
| CA1147098A (en) * | 1979-04-30 | 1983-05-24 | Louis Cohen | Coating polymerization reactors with the reaction products of thiodiphenols and a bleach |
| US4719089A (en) * | 1984-09-11 | 1988-01-12 | The B. F. Goodrich Company | Internally coated reaction vessel for use in olefinic polymerization |
| WO1991016012A1 (en) * | 1990-04-20 | 1991-10-31 | Dynamet, Inc. | Porous metal surface and method of production |
| JPH04135778U (ja) * | 1991-06-04 | 1992-12-17 | 松下冷機株式会社 | 表示装置 |
| JPH0876701A (ja) * | 1994-06-28 | 1996-03-22 | Tokai Giken Kk | 表示体及びその製造方法 |
| US5712039A (en) * | 1995-04-11 | 1998-01-27 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Epoxy adhesives with dithiooxamide adhesion promoters |
| JP4770273B2 (ja) * | 2005-05-30 | 2011-09-14 | 日産自動車株式会社 | ベルト式無段変速機 |
| US8057335B1 (en) | 2007-04-03 | 2011-11-15 | Hydro-Gear Limited Partnership | Brake actuation assembly |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3019270A (en) * | 1960-07-22 | 1962-01-30 | Ethyl Corp | Stabilization of vinyl chloride |
| NL275095A (enExample) * | 1961-02-23 | |||
| NL137054C (enExample) * | 1962-10-08 | |||
| DE91560C (enExample) * | 1970-05-07 | |||
| JPS5224953B2 (enExample) * | 1974-12-27 | 1977-07-05 | Shinetsu Chemical Co | |
| US4068052A (en) * | 1976-06-23 | 1978-01-10 | Continental Oil Company | Reducing PVC polymer buildup in polymerization reactors with dithioxamides and alumina |
-
1976
- 1976-06-23 US US05/699,100 patent/US4068052A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1977
- 1977-02-01 ZA ZA770546A patent/ZA77546B/xx unknown
- 1977-02-21 GB GB7217/77A patent/GB1532394A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-03-01 FR FR7705964A patent/FR2355890A1/fr active Granted
- 1977-03-02 DE DE19772709053 patent/DE2709053A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1977-03-04 BE BE175489A patent/BE852109A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-03-17 CA CA274,215A patent/CA1095645A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-03-18 JP JP2940677A patent/JPS53280A/ja active Pending
- 1977-04-01 NO NO771176A patent/NO147524C/no unknown
- 1977-04-01 SE SE7703840A patent/SE435188B/xx unknown
- 1977-06-20 US US05/807,853 patent/US4104454A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO771176L (no) | 1977-12-27 |
| FR2355890A1 (fr) | 1978-01-20 |
| CA1095645A (en) | 1981-02-10 |
| JPS53280A (en) | 1978-01-05 |
| US4068052A (en) | 1978-01-10 |
| SE435188B (sv) | 1984-09-10 |
| GB1532394A (en) | 1978-11-15 |
| NO147524C (no) | 1983-04-27 |
| US4104454A (en) | 1978-08-01 |
| NO147524B (no) | 1983-01-17 |
| BE852109A (fr) | 1977-09-05 |
| FR2355890B1 (enExample) | 1982-10-22 |
| SE7703840L (sv) | 1977-12-24 |
| ZA77546B (en) | 1977-12-28 |
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