DE2452532C3 - Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyisocyanaten mit Isocyanurat-Struktur - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyisocyanaten mit Isocyanurat-StrukturInfo
- Publication number
- DE2452532C3 DE2452532C3 DE2452532A DE2452532A DE2452532C3 DE 2452532 C3 DE2452532 C3 DE 2452532C3 DE 2452532 A DE2452532 A DE 2452532A DE 2452532 A DE2452532 A DE 2452532A DE 2452532 C3 DE2452532 C3 DE 2452532C3
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- reaction
- polymerization
- parts
- weight
- nco
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 title claims description 40
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 title claims description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 27
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 21
- ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanuric acid Chemical group OC1=NC(O)=NC(O)=N1 ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 18
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 67
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 33
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- RREANTFLPGEWEN-MBLPBCRHSA-N 7-[4-[[(3z)-3-[4-amino-5-[(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methyl]pyrimidin-2-yl]imino-5-fluoro-2-oxoindol-1-yl]methyl]piperazin-1-yl]-1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid Chemical compound COC1=C(OC)C(OC)=CC(CC=2C(=NC(\N=C/3C4=CC(F)=CC=C4N(CN4CCN(CC4)C=4C(=CC=5C(=O)C(C(O)=O)=CN(C=5C=4)C4CC4)F)C\3=O)=NC=2)N)=C1 RREANTFLPGEWEN-MBLPBCRHSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N urethane group Chemical group NC(=O)OCC JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000003333 secondary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 229940112021 centrally acting muscle relaxants carbamic acid ester Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 45
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 37
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 32
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 21
- -1 Nitrogen monosubstituted carbamic acid Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 16
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous diethylene glycol Natural products OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000005829 trimerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- LCZVSXRMYJUNFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-hydroxypropoxy)propoxy]propan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(O)COC(C)COC(C)CO LCZVSXRMYJUNFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical compound C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-ethylbenzaldehyde Natural products CCC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LVLNPXCISNPHLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]phenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=CC=C1O LVLNPXCISNPHLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SVYKKECYCPFKGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C1CCCCC1 SVYKKECYCPFKGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AZUXKVXMJOIAOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-hydroxypropoxy)propan-2-ol Chemical compound CC(O)COCC(C)O AZUXKVXMJOIAOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KXDAEFPNCMNJSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KXDAEFPNCMNJSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyraldehyde Chemical compound CCCC=O ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical class NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol F Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)O BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 2
- MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCO MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000415 inactivating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole Natural products CC1=CC=CC2=C1C=CN2 PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N indolenine Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=NC2=C1 RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,6-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=C(N=C=O)C=CC=C1N=C=O RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JTXXPXZXTPVYGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-isocyanatophenyl) dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 JTXXPXZXTPVYGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ORTVZLZNOYNASJ-UPHRSURJSA-N (z)-but-2-ene-1,4-diol Chemical compound OC\C=C/CO ORTVZLZNOYNASJ-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MTZUIIAIAKMWLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diisocyanatobenzene Chemical class O=C=NC1=CC=CC=C1N=C=O MTZUIIAIAKMWLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BGJSXRVXTHVRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trioxane Chemical compound C1OCOCO1 BGJSXRVXTHVRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OVBFMUAFNIIQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-diisocyanatobutane Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCN=C=O OVBFMUAFNIIQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005968 1-Decanol Substances 0.000 description 1
- ADAKRBAJFHTIEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-4-isocyanatobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 ADAKRBAJFHTIEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YYTSGNJTASLUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloropropan-2-ol Chemical compound CC(O)CCl YYTSGNJTASLUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQURWGJAWSLGQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-isocyanatopropane Chemical compound CCCN=C=O OQURWGJAWSLGQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VMKMZRBPOSNUMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(1-hydroxypropan-2-yloxy)propan-1-ol Chemical compound OCC(C)OC(C)CO VMKMZRBPOSNUMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WJQOZHYUIDYNHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-Butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1O WJQOZHYUIDYNHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JSFITYFUKSFPBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(7-methyloctyl)phenol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 JSFITYFUKSFPBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 101710200331 Cytochrome b-245 chaperone 1 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100037186 Cytochrome b-245 chaperone 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710119396 Cytochrome b-245 chaperone 1 homolog Proteins 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical class OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMHZPJNVPCAUMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Erbon Chemical compound CC(Cl)(Cl)C(=O)OCCOC1=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl KMHZPJNVPCAUMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001505295 Eros Species 0.000 description 1
- ULGZDMOVFRHVEP-RWJQBGPGSA-N Erythromycin Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H](C)C(=O)O[C@@H]([C@@]([C@H](O)[C@@H](C)C(=O)[C@H](C)C[C@@](C)(O)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H](C[C@@H](C)O2)N(C)C)O)[C@H]1C)(C)O)CC)[C@H]1C[C@@](C)(OC)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O1 ULGZDMOVFRHVEP-RWJQBGPGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019687 Lamb Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000283986 Lepus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000006683 Mannich reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XTUVJUMINZSXGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylcyclohexylamine Chemical compound CNC1CCCCC1 XTUVJUMINZSXGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- PGKQTZHDCHKDQK-VOTSOKGWSA-N [(e)-2-phenylethenyl]phosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 PGKQTZHDCHKDQK-VOTSOKGWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WCQXBFIPCLZIPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].C(N)(O)=O Chemical class [N].C(N)(O)=O WCQXBFIPCLZIPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002168 alkylating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940100198 alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019445 benzyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HIFVAOIJYDXIJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylbenzene;isocyanic acid Chemical class N=C=O.N=C=O.C=1C=CC=CC=1CC1=CC=CC=C1 HIFVAOIJYDXIJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001588 bifunctional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- VCCBEIPGXKNHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N biphenyl-4,4'-diol Chemical group C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VCCBEIPGXKNHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N biuret Chemical compound NC(=O)NC(N)=O OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DLDJFQGPPSQZKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-2-yne-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCC#CCO DLDJFQGPPSQZKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,1-diol Chemical class CCCC(O)O CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001718 carbodiimides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid monoamide Natural products NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003426 co-catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001896 cresols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanol Chemical compound OC1CCCCC1 HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005205 dihydroxybenzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002147 dimethylamino group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- CZZYITDELCSZES-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylmethane Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1CC1=CC=CC=C1 CZZYITDELCSZES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylene glycol Chemical compound OCCCOCCCO SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004872 foam stabilizing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008098 formaldehyde solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- DYDNPESBYVVLBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N formanilide Chemical compound O=CNC1=CC=CC=C1 DYDNPESBYVVLBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OHMBHFSEKCCCBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-2,5-diol Chemical compound CC(O)CCC(C)O OHMBHFSEKCCCBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002440 hydroxy compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadec-9-en-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCO ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHLCTMQBMINUNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecane-1,12-diol Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)CCCCCCCCCCCO KHLCTMQBMINUNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001820 oxy group Chemical group [*:1]O[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUOPINZRYMFPBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentane-1,3-diol Chemical compound CCC(O)CCO RUOPINZRYMFPBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGTNSSLYPYDJGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl isocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NC1=CC=CC=C1 DGTNSSLYPYDJGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003138 primary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000005619 secondary aliphatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical class O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- KJAMZCVTJDTESW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tiracizine Chemical compound C1CC2=CC=CC=C2N(C(=O)CN(C)C)C2=CC(NC(=O)OCC)=CC=C21 KJAMZCVTJDTESW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylolethane Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)CO QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric aldehyde Natural products CCCCC=O HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003739 xylenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/02—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates of isocyanates or isothiocyanates only
- C08G18/022—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates of isocyanates or isothiocyanates only the polymeric products containing isocyanurate groups
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S521/00—Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 series
- Y10S521/902—Cellular polymer containing an isocyanurate structure
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Priority Applications (11)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2452532A DE2452532C3 (de) | 1974-11-06 | 1974-11-06 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyisocyanaten mit Isocyanurat-Struktur |
| CA237,611A CA1061044A (en) | 1974-11-06 | 1975-10-10 | Process for the production of polyisocyanates of isocyanurate structure |
| US05/626,404 US3996223A (en) | 1974-11-06 | 1975-10-28 | Process for the production of polyisocyanates of isocyanurate structure |
| GB4490475A GB1462590A (en) | 1974-11-06 | 1975-10-30 | Process for the production of polyisocyanates of isocyanurate structure |
| NL7512921A NL7512921A (nl) | 1974-11-06 | 1975-11-04 | Werkwijze ter bereiding van polyisocyanaten met isocyanuraatstructuur. |
| JP50132231A JPS5169598A (esLanguage) | 1974-11-06 | 1975-11-05 | |
| BR7507292*A BR7507292A (pt) | 1974-11-06 | 1975-11-05 | Processo para a preparacao de poliisocianatos com estruturas de isocianurato |
| IT52075/75A IT1052157B (it) | 1974-11-06 | 1975-11-05 | Procedimento per la produzione di poliisocianati con struttura di isocianurato |
| BE161611A BE835279A (fr) | 1974-11-06 | 1975-11-05 | Procede de preparation de polyisocyanates a structure d'isocyandrates |
| ES442353A ES442353A1 (es) | 1974-11-06 | 1975-11-05 | Procedimiento para la obtencion de poliisocianatos con es- tructura isocianurato. |
| FR7533985A FR2290459A1 (fr) | 1974-11-06 | 1975-11-06 | Procede de preparation de polyisocyanates a structure d'isocyanurates |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2452532A DE2452532C3 (de) | 1974-11-06 | 1974-11-06 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyisocyanaten mit Isocyanurat-Struktur |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2452532A1 DE2452532A1 (de) | 1976-05-13 |
| DE2452532B2 DE2452532B2 (de) | 1977-12-22 |
| DE2452532C3 true DE2452532C3 (de) | 1978-08-24 |
Family
ID=5930108
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2452532A Expired DE2452532C3 (de) | 1974-11-06 | 1974-11-06 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyisocyanaten mit Isocyanurat-Struktur |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3996223A (esLanguage) |
| JP (1) | JPS5169598A (esLanguage) |
| BE (1) | BE835279A (esLanguage) |
| BR (1) | BR7507292A (esLanguage) |
| CA (1) | CA1061044A (esLanguage) |
| DE (1) | DE2452532C3 (esLanguage) |
| ES (1) | ES442353A1 (esLanguage) |
| FR (1) | FR2290459A1 (esLanguage) |
| GB (1) | GB1462590A (esLanguage) |
| IT (1) | IT1052157B (esLanguage) |
| NL (1) | NL7512921A (esLanguage) |
Families Citing this family (141)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2542706C3 (de) * | 1975-09-25 | 1981-04-09 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Imidgruppen enthaltenden Polykondensaten |
| GB1501484A (en) * | 1975-10-24 | 1978-02-15 | Tate & Lyle Ltd | Icing mixture |
| DE2641380C2 (de) * | 1976-09-15 | 1989-11-23 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyisocyanaten mit Isocyanuratstruktur |
| US4204019A (en) * | 1978-09-11 | 1980-05-20 | Shelter Insulation, Inc. | Polyisocyanurate foam laminate and process |
| US4243756A (en) * | 1979-08-27 | 1981-01-06 | Basf Wyandotte Corporation | Stable-liquid isocyanurate-modified polyisocyanate compositions |
| DE3041732A1 (de) * | 1980-11-05 | 1982-06-09 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Loesungen von isocyanato-isocyanuraten in weichmachern fuer polyvinylchlorid, ein verfahren zu ihrer herstellung, sowie ihre verwendung als haftverbessernde zusatzmittel in beschichtungsmitteln auf basis von weichgemachtem polyvinylchlorid |
| US4359541A (en) * | 1981-01-19 | 1982-11-16 | Basf Wyandotte Corporation | Process for the preparation of polyisocyanurate dispersions and compositions prepared therefrom |
| US4382125A (en) * | 1981-11-30 | 1983-05-03 | Basf Wyandotte Corporation | Isocyanurate-modified polymethylene polyphenylene polyisocyanate compositions |
| DE3244407A1 (de) * | 1982-12-01 | 1984-06-07 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Neue polyisocyanatgemische, ein verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung als aufbaukomponente bei der herstellung von polyurethankunststoffen |
| FR2607499A1 (fr) * | 1986-12-02 | 1988-06-03 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | Polyisocyanates a groupement isocyanurique purs et procede d'obtention de ces polyisocyanates |
| FI902321A7 (fi) * | 1989-05-19 | 1990-11-20 | Eisai Co Ltd | Buteenihappojohdannaiset |
| DE3928503A1 (de) * | 1989-08-29 | 1991-03-07 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von loesungen von isocyanuratgruppen aufweisenden polyisocyanaten in lackloesungsmitteln und ihre verwendung |
| US5124427A (en) * | 1991-01-22 | 1992-06-23 | Miles Inc. | Polyisocyanates containing allophanate and isocyanurate groups, a process for their production and their use in two-component coating compositions |
| US5235018A (en) * | 1991-07-22 | 1993-08-10 | Miles Inc. | Polyisocyanates containing allophanate and isocyanurate groups, a process for their production and their use in two-component coating compositions |
| ES2087386T3 (es) * | 1991-10-02 | 1996-07-16 | Bayer Ag | Poliisocianatos que contienen grupos alofanato e isocianurato, un procedimiento para su produccion y su empleo en composiciones de revestimiento de dos componentes. |
| US5221743A (en) * | 1992-03-02 | 1993-06-22 | Olin Corporation | Process for producing isocyanurates by cyclotrimerizing isocyanates using polymer-bound catalysts |
| US5258482A (en) * | 1992-06-12 | 1993-11-02 | Miles Inc. | Polyisocyanates containing allophanate and isocyanurate groups, a process for their production from a mixture of diisocyanates and their use in two-component coating compositions |
| US5370908A (en) * | 1993-05-24 | 1994-12-06 | Olin Corporation | Low VOC, heat-curable, one-component and two-component coating compositions based on organic polyisocyanates |
| US5290902A (en) * | 1993-06-22 | 1994-03-01 | Miles Inc. | Polyisocyanates containing allophanate and isocyanurate groups, a process for their production from cyclic diisocyanates and their use in two-component coating compositions |
| JPH07233238A (ja) * | 1994-02-22 | 1995-09-05 | Nippon Paint Co Ltd | 硬化剤およびそれを含むカチオン電着塗料組成物 |
| US5496642A (en) * | 1994-05-09 | 1996-03-05 | Olin Corporation | Low VOC, fluorocompound-containing one-component and two-component coating compositions for slippery coatings |
| DE19523657A1 (de) * | 1995-06-29 | 1997-01-02 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Lösungen von Isocyanuratgruppen aufweisenden Polyisocyanaten mit verringertem Restmonomergehalt und ihre Verwendung |
| DE10025304A1 (de) * | 2000-05-22 | 2001-11-29 | Bayer Ag | Mischungen wässriger Bindemittel |
| DE10033099A1 (de) | 2000-07-07 | 2002-01-17 | Degussa | Verfahren zur Herstellung von geruchsarmen und lagerstabilen monomerhaltigen Polyisocyanuraten aus Isophorondiisocyanat |
| JP5320653B2 (ja) * | 2001-03-26 | 2013-10-23 | Ｊｓｒ株式会社 | 膜形成用組成物および絶縁膜形成用材料 |
| DE10131525A1 (de) * | 2001-07-02 | 2003-01-16 | Degussa | Verfahren zur Herstellung von geruchsarmen und lagerstabilen monomerhaltigen Polyisocyanuraten aus Isophorondiisocyanat |
| DE10229780A1 (de) * | 2002-07-03 | 2004-01-15 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung monomerenarmer TDI-Trimerisate |
| DE10229781A1 (de) * | 2002-07-03 | 2004-01-22 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung monomerenarmer TDI-Trimerisate |
| DE10328663A1 (de) * | 2003-06-26 | 2005-01-13 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Polyisocyanat-modifizierte Polycarbonsäuren |
| DE102006053740A1 (de) | 2006-11-15 | 2008-05-21 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Beschichtungsmittel |
| DE102006053741A1 (de) * | 2006-11-15 | 2008-05-21 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Beschichtungsmittel |
| DE102007034977A1 (de) | 2007-07-26 | 2009-01-29 | Lanxess Deutschland Gmbh | Phthalatfreie Isocyanuratzubereitungen |
| SI2218740T1 (sl) * | 2009-02-13 | 2014-03-31 | Bayer Materialscience Llc | ÄŚistilni poliuretanski premazi na vodni osnovi |
| EP2236531A1 (de) | 2009-03-31 | 2010-10-06 | Bayer MaterialScience AG | Neue wäßrige 2K PUR-Beschichtungssysteme für verbesserten Korrosionsschutz |
| DE102009027395A1 (de) | 2009-07-01 | 2011-01-05 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Reaktive Derivate auf Basis Dianhydrohexitol basierender Isocyanate |
| DE102009060552A1 (de) | 2009-12-23 | 2011-06-30 | Bayer MaterialScience AG, 51373 | Polyurethan-Bindemittel |
| DK2354172T3 (da) | 2010-02-08 | 2013-02-18 | Lanxess Deutschland Gmbh | Phthalatfri isocyanuratpræparater |
| DE102010029235A1 (de) | 2010-05-21 | 2011-11-24 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Hydrophile Polyisocyanate |
| DE102010033061A1 (de) | 2010-08-02 | 2012-02-02 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Phthalatfreie Isocyanuratzubereitung |
| EP2463340A1 (de) | 2010-12-09 | 2012-06-13 | Sika Technology AG | Thixotrope Polyharnstoffaddukte |
| ES2694130T3 (es) | 2013-03-12 | 2018-12-18 | Covestro Deutschland Ag | Procedimiento para la preparación de trímeros de TDI con pureza particular |
| CN104448232B (zh) | 2013-09-13 | 2017-12-15 | 万华化学集团股份有限公司 | 一种氨基磺酸改性的多异氰酸酯及其制备方法和用途 |
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| EP2990398B1 (de) | 2014-08-29 | 2018-12-19 | Covestro Deutschland AG | Hydrophile Polyasparaginsäureester |
| JP6980531B2 (ja) | 2015-04-21 | 2021-12-15 | コベストロ、ドイチュラント、アクチエンゲゼルシャフトCovestro Deutschland Ag | ポリイソシアヌレートプラスチックを製造する方法 |
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| CA2980669C (en) | 2015-04-21 | 2023-09-19 | Covestro Deutschland Ag | Polyisocyanurate polymers and process for the production of polyisocyanurate polymers |
| US9815739B2 (en) | 2015-10-30 | 2017-11-14 | Covestro Llc | Polyisocyanurate based cement for wellbore fluid loss prevention |
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| US20240199787A1 (en) | 2021-04-26 | 2024-06-20 | Covestro Deutschland Ag | Method for the production of an isocyanate-group terminated polyoxazolidinone composition |
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| WO2025108924A1 (en) | 2023-11-21 | 2025-05-30 | Covestro Deutschland Ag | Water-dispersible blocked isocyanate prepolymer system, method for preparing the same, and application thereof |
| EP4559946A1 (de) | 2023-11-21 | 2025-05-28 | Covestro Deutschland AG | Blockierte polyisocyanate |
| WO2025108919A1 (en) | 2023-11-21 | 2025-05-30 | Covestro Deutschland Ag | Blocked isocyanate prepolymer system, method for preparing the same, and application thereof |
| EP4570782A1 (de) | 2023-12-14 | 2025-06-18 | Evonik Operations GmbH | Trimerisierungskatalysatoren |
| EP4574863A1 (de) | 2023-12-19 | 2025-06-25 | Covestro Deutschland AG | Polyisocyanatgemisch |
| EP4574860A1 (en) | 2023-12-19 | 2025-06-25 | Covestro Deutschland AG | Use of a solvent-free composition comprising epoxy-functional oxazolidinones for producing adhesives, sealing compounds, potting compounds, composites, such as fiber composite materials, or moldings, or for producing coatings on mineral, metallic or plastic substrates, and the products thus obtained |
| EP4574870A1 (de) | 2023-12-19 | 2025-06-25 | Covestro Deutschland AG | Blockiertes polyisocyanat |
| EP4574864A1 (de) | 2023-12-19 | 2025-06-25 | Covestro Deutschland AG | Polyisocyanatgemisch |
| EP4640732A1 (de) | 2024-04-25 | 2025-10-29 | Covestro Deutschland AG | Ein-komponenten-system für beschichtungen |
| EP4640731A1 (de) | 2024-04-25 | 2025-10-29 | Covestro Deutschland AG | Ein-komponenten-beschichtungsmittel für nahrungsmittelbehälter |
| WO2025233647A1 (en) | 2024-05-08 | 2025-11-13 | Sika Technology Ag | Battery box comprising a foamed polisocyanurate material |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2954365A (en) * | 1956-01-26 | 1960-09-27 | Bayer Ag | Process for the production of isocyanate polymerization products |
| DE1212546B (de) * | 1962-06-05 | 1966-03-17 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur Polymerisation von aromatischen Polyisocyanaten |
-
1974
- 1974-11-06 DE DE2452532A patent/DE2452532C3/de not_active Expired
-
1975
- 1975-10-10 CA CA237,611A patent/CA1061044A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-10-28 US US05/626,404 patent/US3996223A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1975-10-30 GB GB4490475A patent/GB1462590A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-11-04 NL NL7512921A patent/NL7512921A/xx unknown
- 1975-11-05 BR BR7507292*A patent/BR7507292A/pt unknown
- 1975-11-05 ES ES442353A patent/ES442353A1/es not_active Expired
- 1975-11-05 IT IT52075/75A patent/IT1052157B/it active
- 1975-11-05 JP JP50132231A patent/JPS5169598A/ja active Pending
- 1975-11-05 BE BE161611A patent/BE835279A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-11-06 FR FR7533985A patent/FR2290459A1/fr active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA1061044A (en) | 1979-08-21 |
| DE2452532B2 (de) | 1977-12-22 |
| IT1052157B (it) | 1981-06-20 |
| FR2290459B1 (esLanguage) | 1979-05-11 |
| GB1462590A (en) | 1977-01-26 |
| BE835279A (fr) | 1976-05-05 |
| US3996223A (en) | 1976-12-07 |
| JPS5169598A (esLanguage) | 1976-06-16 |
| NL7512921A (nl) | 1976-05-10 |
| DE2452532A1 (de) | 1976-05-13 |
| FR2290459A1 (fr) | 1976-06-04 |
| ES442353A1 (es) | 1977-04-16 |
| BR7507292A (pt) | 1976-08-03 |
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| C3 | Grant after two publication steps (3rd publication) | ||
| 8339 | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |