CN1810535A - 混合动力车 - Google Patents

混合动力车 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1810535A
CN1810535A CNA2006100029607A CN200610002960A CN1810535A CN 1810535 A CN1810535 A CN 1810535A CN A2006100029607 A CNA2006100029607 A CN A2006100029607A CN 200610002960 A CN200610002960 A CN 200610002960A CN 1810535 A CN1810535 A CN 1810535A
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driving engine
electrical generator
wheel
hybrid vehicle
propulsive effort
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半田和功
谷畑孝二
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Mitsubishi Motors Corp
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Mitsubishi Motors Corp
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Publication of CN1810535A publication Critical patent/CN1810535A/zh
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/445—Differential gearing distribution type
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10D7/00—General design of wind musical instruments
    • G10D7/02—General design of wind musical instruments of the type wherein an air current is directed against a ramp edge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/34—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles
    • B60K17/356—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having fluid or electric motor, for driving one or more wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/52—Driving a plurality of drive axles, e.g. four-wheel drive
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10D9/00—Details of, or accessories for, wind musical instruments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K7/0007—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor being electric
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Arrangement And Driving Of Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种混合动力车，其中，行星轮系设置在发动机和发电机之间，因此发动机的驱动力能够通过行星轮系进行分配，从而被传递到前轮及发电机上。轮内电动机结合于前轮中，从而驱动相应的前轮。

Description

混合动力车
技术领域
本发明涉及一种并联式混合动力车，其利用发动机与电动机作为车辆行驶的动力源。
背景技术
例如，在未经审查的日本专利公开号第No.2004-156763中(下文称作专利文献1)提出了此种类型的并联式混合动力车，其中，发动机的驱动力通过行星轮系被部分地分配到发电机，用于发电。
在专利文献1中公开的混合动力车中，发动机的输出轴连接于行星轮系的支架，设置于发动机与行星轮系之间的发电机与行星轮系的太阳轮连接，而设置于行星轮系一侧的位于发动机对面的电动机与行星轮系的齿圈连接。行星轮系的齿圈通过减速齿轮及差速齿轮与驱动轮连接。该车辆由发动机驱动时，通过行星轮系的支架及太阳轮，发动机的驱动力驱动发电机。此时由发电机施加的发电负荷限制太阳轮的转动，结果发动机的驱动力通过支架、小齿轮、及齿圈被传送到驱动轮。另一方面，该车辆由电动机驱动时，电动机的驱动力通过齿圈被传送到驱动轮上。
从而，专利文献1中公开的混合动力车中需要将发动机、发电机、及电动机分别与行星轮系的各个部件相连接。因此，发电机位于发动机与行星轮系之间，而电动机位于行星轮系的一侧，面对发动机。结果，将发动机、发电机、行星轮系、及电动机串联配置。
然而，如在专利文献1中所公开的混合动力车中，将发动机、发电机、行星轮系、及电动机串联配置，包括发动机传动系的总长(在专利文献1中，车辆宽度方向上的长度)增加了，因此降低了车辆中传动系的可装配性。特别是在车辆装配有大功率发动机的情况下，为了限制太阳轮的转动，要求发电机施加增加后的发电负荷。然而，这样会导致发电机的尺寸增加及由此导致传动系的总长增加，从而使得上述缺陷更加明显。
此外，发电机紧靠发动机安装，其中发电机本身需要防护其产生的高温。因此，由于从发动机传来的热量而使发电机的热负荷增加，这将导致需要更复杂的防高温方法的问题。
发明内容
根据本发明第一方面，混合动力车包括：发动机，其用于产生驱动力；发电机，其具有输入轴，并且适合于随着输入轴的旋转而发电；动力传送装置，其配置于发动机与发电机之间，该动力传送装置能够分配发动机的驱动力，以将其传送到发电机与车轮上；以及电动机，其被配置在不同于动力传送装置所配置的位置上，该电动机能够将由此产生的驱动力传送到该车车轮上或其他车轮上。
附图说明
通过以下给出的详细描述和附图，将使本发明更加容易理解，并且附图仅示出了本发明的例示性实施例，而并不用于限制本发明，其中：
附图示出了根据本发明实施例的混合动力车的整体结构。
具体实施方式
根据本发明第一实施例的混合动力车详细描述如下。
附图示出了根据本实施例的混合动力车的整体构造，如图所示，该混合动力车基本上配置为具有平置式发动机的前轮驱动车。内燃机1具有输出轴1a，该输出轴与行星轮系2(动力传送装置)的支架4连接，并且支架4支撑齿轮系2的小齿轮3。发电机5设置于行星轮系2的另一侧，面对发动机1，并且具有输入轴5a，该输入轴5a与行星轮系2的太阳轮6连接。减速齿轮8与行星轮系2的齿圈7啮合，右前轮与左前轮(第一车轮)11通过差速齿轮9及驱动轴10与减速齿轮8连接。
这样，在发动机1的运转期间，行星轮系2的支架4与发动机输出轴1a一起旋转，因而通过小齿轮3与太阳轮6驱动发电机5发电。此时，根据与发电机5产生的电负荷相对应的量来限制太阳轮6的转动。因此，发动机1的部分驱动力从支架4通过小齿轮3、齿圈7、减速齿轮8、差速齿轮9、及驱动轴10被传送到前轮11，从而转动该前轮11。
行星轮系2、发电机5、减速齿轮8、及差速齿轮9容纳于齿轮箱12内。发电机5的壳体具有图中未示出的油套，其用于储存润滑油。油套中的润滑油通过设置在齿轮箱12外部的润滑油冷却器来循环，从而冷却整个发电机5。
在右前轮与左前轮11中，每一个车轮都包括在其内部结合的轮内电动机13。轮内电动机13的构造是公知技术，因此此处省略对其详细描述。每个轮内电动机13可摆动地被支撑在与右前轮和左前轮11中的一个对应的悬架上，并且具有例如连接到与其同轴的驱动轴10上的转子。在转子的外围设置有环形定子，并且线圈设置于定子上。当使线圈通电时，在线圈与转子磁铁之间产生磁场，从而转子被赋予扭矩。因此，前轮11通过轮内电动机13与传动轴10一起转动。
同样，车辆的右后轮与左后轮(第二轮)14分别设置有轮内电动机15，并通过这些轮内电动机15转动，其中，这些轮内电动机的结构与轮内电动机13相同。
发电机5与轮内电动机13及15通过转换器16与电池17电连接，并且转换器16与控制器18电连接。根据加速器的操作的量、车辆的速度等，控制器18通过转换器16对发电机5与轮内电动机13及15进行功率控制与再生控制，而且对发动机1进行燃料喷射控制与点火正时控制。下文将详细描述在控制器18的控制下，发动机1、发电机5、及轮内电动机13与15是如何运转的。
本实施例中的车辆主要通过电动机行驶，而发动机1用作在需要时辅助车辆行驶。尤其是，在运行负荷较低的低速行驶期间，在发动机1停止的状态下，使前轮11与后轮14的轮内电动机13及15运转，从而通过轮内电动机13及15的驱动力驱动前轮11及后轮14，因此使得车辆行驶。在这种情况下，随着前轮11的转动，该转动通过驱动轴10被传送到行星轮系2，因而齿圈7被驱动。此时，支架4由于发动机1停止而保持静止，并且发电机5的运转也停止了(即没有施加发电负荷)，因而太阳齿轮6及小齿轮3可以空转，并且允许齿圈7转动。因此，允许前轮11借助于轮内电动机13的驱动力而转动。
当驾驶者踩下加速器，并且因此需要增加车辆的驱动力时，发电机5开始运转，并且它的发电负荷限制太阳轮6的空转。结果，由前轮11驱动的齿圈7的转动通过小齿轮3与支架4被传递到发动机1，因此发动机1被启动。发动机1启动后，由于太阳轮6的旋转受到发电机5的发电负荷限制，因此发动机1的驱动力通过支架4、小齿轮3、及齿圈7被传递到前轮11。因此，前轮11既被发动机1驱动也被轮内电动机13驱动。因此可以获得与加速器的操作量对应的车辆驱动力。同样，随着太阳轮6的转动，发电机5启动以发电，并且产生的电能充入到电池17中。
其中，发动机1的驱动力被分配到前轮11及发电机5上的分配比率根据行星轮系2的运转状态而变化，更加具体地讲，根据通过发电机5的发电负荷来限制太阳轮6转动的程度而变化。在发动机的运转过程中，控制发电机5的发电负荷，从而可以使发动机1总是在具有最小燃料消耗速度的转动区域运转。
另一方面，在车辆减速过程中，供给到发动机1的燃料被切断，并且前后轮11及14的轮内电动机13与15在再生控制下作为发电机而发挥作用。同样，如果电池17的SOC(充电状态)下降到低于规定值，则增加发动机的输出，向发电机5提供额外的扭矩，所以，发电机5产生的增加的电功率可被充入到电池17中。
下面将对照上述专利文献1中所公开的配置，说明本实施例中的混合动力车的传动系的部件构成的配置。
在专利文献1中的混合动力车中，电动机设置在行星轮系的一侧，位于发动机的对面；而在本实施例中，轮内电动机13与15结合于相应的前后轮11与14内。同样，在专利文献1中，发电机设置在发动机与行星轮系之间；而在本实施例中，发电机设置在通过拆除如前所述的电动机而得到的在行星轮系2一侧位于发动机的对面的空间内。
因此，在本实施例中，发动机1、行星轮系2、及电动机5沿着车辆的宽度方向串联配置，并且，与专利文献1的传动系的总长相比，包括发动机1的传动系的总长缩短了相当于电动机长度的量。因此，根据本实施例，传动系在车内的可装配性得到了显著提高。同样，由于使用大功率发动机、以及因此而需要安装大尺寸的发电机5，所以，为了限制太阳轮6的转动，发电机5需要提供增加了的发电负荷，在这种情况下，由于与现有技术相比，传动系的总长缩短了，因此该大尺寸的发电机仍然能够无障碍地安装到车辆中。
此外，由于发电机5设置在行星轮系2的一侧，位于发动机1的对面，因此，可以显著降低从发动机1到发电机5的热传。因此，通过为保护发电机5防止其发热而简化结构，能够降低制造成本，更具体地说，通过减小用于冷却发电机的油冷器的尺寸、或者将冷却系统从油冷型改为构造更简单的空冷型，从而能够降低制造成本。此外，发电机5能够更可靠地防止由于过热而引起的故障，因此增强了可靠性。
作为用于驱动前轮及后轮11及14的电动机而使用轮内电动机13及15。因此无需在车辆本体内为电动机留出空间，从而可以节省车辆本体内的空间。
另外，作为动力传送装置而使用尺寸紧凑的行星轮系2，其中，动力传送装置用于将发动机1的驱动力分配到前轮11及发电机5，这同样有助于缩短传动系的总长。
尽管在前述的实施例中已经描述，但本发明并不局限于前述的实施例。例如，在上述实施例的混合动力车中，发动机1的驱动力被传递到前轮11上。作为选择，发动机1的驱动力可以只被传递到后轮14上或者被传递到前后轮11及14上。
同样，在上述实施例中，前后轮11及14通过相应的轮内电动机13及15被驱动。作为选择，例如后轮14可以被安装于车身上的普通电动机驱动；或者，后轮14的轮内电动机15可以被省略，而只有前轮11可以被相应的轮内电动机13驱动。同样，前轮11的轮内电动机13可以被省略，而只有后轮14被相应的轮内电动机15驱动；或者被安装于车辆中的普通电动机驱动。
此外，采用的动力传送装置并不局限于行星轮系2，也可以采用其他适配的机构，以将驱动力分配到前轮11及发电机5上。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则范围内所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
符号说明
1   发动机
16  转换器
17  电池
18  控制器

Claims (10)

1.一种混合动力车，包括：
发动机，其用于产生驱动力；
发电机，其具有输入轴，并且用于随着所述输入轴的旋转而发电；
动力传送装置，其设置于所述发动机与所述发电机之间，所述动力传送装置能够分配所述发动机的驱动力，以将其传送到所述车辆的所述发电机及第一轮上；以及
电动机，其设置在与设置有所述动力传送装置的位置不同的位置上，所述电动机能够将由其产生的驱动力传递到所述第一轮。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力车，其中，所述电动机包括结合于所述各第一轮内的轮内电动机。
3.根据权利要求2所述的混合动力车，还包括与所述轮内电动机分开设置的单独的电动机，以用于驱动与所述第一轮分离的第二轮。
4.根据权利要求3所述的混合动力车，其中，所述单独的电动机包括结合于相应的第二轮内的轮内电动机。
5.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力车，其中，所述动力传送装置包括行星轮系，用于根据其运转状态改变所述发动机的驱动力被分配到所述第一轮与所述发电机的比率。
6.根据权利要求5所述的混合动力车，其中，所述行星轮系包括：太阳轮，与所述发电机的输入轴连接；支架，用于支撑与所述太阳轮啮合的小齿轮，并且与所述发动机的输出轴连接；以及齿圈，其与所述小齿轮啮合，并通过所述齿圈，所述发动机的驱动力被传递到所述第一轮。
7.一种混合动力车，包括：
发动机，用于产生驱动力；
发电机，其具有输入轴，并且用于随着所述输入轴的旋转而发电；
动力传送装置，其设置于所述发动机与所述发电机之间，所述动力传送装置能够分配所述发动机的驱动力，以将其传递到所述车辆的所述发电机及第一轮上；以及
电动机，其设置在与设置有所述动力传送装置的位置不同的位置上，所述电动机能够将由其产生的驱动力传递到与所述第一轮分离的第二轮上。
8.根据权利要求7所述的混合动力车，其中，所述电动机包括分别结合于所述第二轮内的轮内电动机。
9.根据权利要求7所述的混合动力车，其中，所述动力传送装置包括行星轮系，用于根据其运转状态改变所述发动机的驱动力被分配到所述第一轮与所述发电机的比率。
10.根据权利要求9所述的混合动力车，其中，所述行星轮系包括：太阳轮，连接到所述发电机的输入轴；支架，其支撑与所述太阳轮啮合的小齿轮，并且与所述发动机的输出轴连接；以及齿圈，其与所述小齿轮啮合，并且通过所述齿圈，所述发动机的驱动力被传递到所述第一轮。
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