CN1764448A - 齿根膜保护剂 - Google Patents
齿根膜保护剂 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1764448A CN1764448A CNA2005800000528A CN200580000052A CN1764448A CN 1764448 A CN1764448 A CN 1764448A CN A2005800000528 A CNA2005800000528 A CN A2005800000528A CN 200580000052 A CN200580000052 A CN 200580000052A CN 1764448 A CN1764448 A CN 1764448A
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- Prior art keywords
- periodontal
- protectant
- membranes
- periodontal membranes
- tooth root
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Abstract
本发明提供一种齿根膜保护剂,用于抑制Porphyromonas gingivalisn.(真菌属齿根炎)菌对齿根膜的破坏;以及还提供含有该齿根膜保护剂的、具有预防齿根膜损伤疾病和治疗效果的口腔用剂或饮食品。一种齿根膜保护剂是具有降低Porohyromonas gingivalis对齿根膜的危害效果的原花色素类、特别优选来源于苹果未成熟果实或啤酒花苞的原花色素类;以及将该齿根膜保护剂作为有效成分而含有的口腔用剂和饮食品。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及齿根膜保护剂及其用途,该齿根膜保护剂具有降低Porphyromonas gingivalis对牙周组织之一的齿根膜的危害效果的原花色素特征的多酚、尤其具有来源于啤酒花苞或苹果未成熟果实的有原花色素特征的多酚。
背景技术
俗话说:牙好生活就好。失去牙齿会大幅降低人的生活质量(QOL),这是勿庸置疑的事实。
近年,日本医疗费用的总额约达到30万亿日元,牙科的医疗费用也达到2万5000亿日元。期望增进口腔健康不仅要减轻牙科医疗费,还要削减总医疗费。也就是说,以美国为中心的近期研究结果表明:口腔健康、尤其牙周病的有无与全身健康有着密切的关联。而且,在我国,根据兵库县牙科医师会的调查(《“8020运动”和医疗费的关系》第2次调查,2002年),失去牙齿越少的人(自己的牙齿大部分保留的人)全身健康状况越好,支付的医疗费越少。在日本趋于老龄化的社会中,口腔卫生的重要性日益提高。
不仅从QOL的观点,还从抑制和削减医疗费的观点来看,开发良好的预防失去牙齿的方法,具有重大的产业性意义。
而且近年,在牙科领域,使失去的牙齿以及牙周组织再生,即再生医疗正在进入实用阶段。从上述观点来看,可以说该技术的确立有着重大的意义。
牙周组织疾病即牙周病是世界性蔓延的口腔疾病,是失去牙齿的主要原因之一。现已得出以下结论:牙周病是由细菌引起的感染症。其原因可以认为是由在牙周袋中的牙斑中生长的各种细菌引起的,其中Porphyromonas gingivalis(以下:称P.gingivalis)是其主要的至病菌。
P.gingivalis是从牙周病患者的牙周袋被检测出的频率很高的细菌,通过产生/释放具有强炎症性的蛋白质分解酶(Arg-gingipain以及Lys-gingipain)和LPS(酯多糖),来损坏牙周组织(齿根膜、牙槽骨)。其结果,使牙周组织不能支撑牙齿,以至于失去牙齿。
齿根膜是主要由胶原神经纤维构成的组织,其神经纤维的一侧埋入牙槽骨中,另一侧埋入牙骨质中。齿根膜是起结合牙齿和牙槽骨作用的、吸收牙齿上的压力而使压力不直接作用在骨上的重要组织。如上所述,在牙周病发展过程中,特别重要的过程之一是对齿根膜以及牙槽骨的破坏。如果没有这两个组织,牙齿就不能负担摄食时所必要的力量。
而且,作为在牙科领域中再生医疗的尝试,正在研究通过对齿根膜细胞使用增长因子来使失去的齿根膜再生的方法,以及培养片状齿根膜再移植到人口腔的方法。但是,在这种情形下,当患者感染了P.gingivalis,再生引导或移植的齿根膜被P.gingivalis破坏,从而不能达到其应起的作用而导致了很多问题。
作为预防/改善牙周疾病的技术,除了平常人们通过刷牙等物理方法除去牙斑,还有通过使用来源于绿茶的多酚(专利文献1)、来源于树木的多酚(专利文献2)等。其抗牙周病的效果是基于通过P.gingivalis蛋白质分解酶的抑制效果、或阻碍向P.gingivalis培养细胞粘连,来抑制牙周病的发生和发展。
专利文献1:特开平5-944号公报
专利文献2:特开平8-81380号公报
发明内容
但是,即使有效抑制了P.gingivalis向上皮细胞粘连,也会因少量粘连的P.gingivalis为诱因形成了牙斑,或即使有效抑制了P.gingivalis的蛋白质分解酶,但因为P.gingivalis还分泌例如LPS等炎症因子,所以在这些例子中,在牙周病的病情恶化的重要过程中,不能直接证明能抑制牙周组织的破坏。
而且,关于在再生医疗领域牙对周组织保护效果的说明,没有在所涉及的现有技术中发现。
本发明的课题是提供克服上述问题,即由P.gingivalis引起齿根膜损害的方法。
本发明人关于上述课题进行了坚持不懈地研究,其结果:来源于啤酒花苞或苹果未成熟果实、有原花色素特征的多酚能够强力地抑制由P.gingivalis菌引起的齿根膜的损害,并具有保护效果。而且,还确认了:该多酚具有降低P.gingivalis菌对于被引导的齿根膜细胞膜再生的损害的效果。而且通过将该物质作为齿根膜保护材料运用于医药品、漱口剂等准药品、或饮食品中,来完成本发明。这里所说的多酚主要是在植物体所包含的分子内具有多个酚羟基团的化合物的总称。所说的有原花色素特征的多酚是一种化合物,通过加水分解生成红色系色素中的花色素(花青素或翠雀素或花葵素)。
即,本发明第1是关于具有原花色素特征的多酚的齿根膜保护剂,第2是关于具有来源自苹果未成熟果实的原花色素特征的多酚的齿根膜保护剂,第3是关于具有来源于啤酒花苞的有原花色素特征的多酚的齿根膜保护剂。
如上所述,在牙周病的发展(病情的恶化)中,最重要的过程之一是齿根膜的破坏,为了解决由于牙周病而丧失牙齿的问题,需要一种保护齿根膜的技术。而且,在口腔领域的再生医疗中,以再生牙齿的形成为目标,但即使将再生牙齿安装进人的口腔中,当已经失去齿根膜组织时,牙齿是不可能被固定的。这时就需要即使失去牙齿后,也能保护齿根膜的技术。根据本发明,能够强力地抑制由P.gingivalis菌引起的、对齿根膜的损害,并具有保护效果,还可以作为齿根膜保护材料而运用于医药品、漱口剂等准药品、或饮食品中。
附图说明
图1为实施例12的齿根膜细胞保护效果的示意图。纵轴表示吸光度。
图2为实施例13的齿根膜细胞保护效果的示意图。纵轴表示齿根膜再生率(%),横轴表示时间(h)。
具体实施方式
作为本发明原料的苹果未成熟果实是在苹果果实成熟之前人为采摘得到的,或从果树上自然掉落的。
而且,作为本发明原料的啤酒花苞是通过将啤酒花球果去除啤酒花苦味素腺部分得到的。通常,粉碎啤酒花球果之后,通过筛分将蛇麻素腺部分去除而得到啤酒花苞。但是,在最近的啤酒酿造中,为了省去筛分后再去除啤酒花苞的麻烦,不去除在啤酒酿造中没有用的啤酒花苞,而将啤酒花球果直接形成球状作为啤酒花颗粒用于啤酒酿造。因此,作为本发明的原料,对含有啤酒花苞的物质没有特别限定,用含有啤酒花苞的啤酒花球果、啤酒花颗粒为原料也没有任何问题。
将这些原料通过压缩榨汁或用酒精水溶液等提取,作为含有齿根膜保护材料的溶液,也可以直接以粉末状使用。必要时,也可以使用填充了对多酚具有亲合性的粒状树脂等的柱(column)等来进行精制齿根保护材料,提高精制度后使用。
得到的齿根膜保护材料可以用于蛋糕类、食品类、饮料等食品、特别优选用于糖果、巧克力、焦糖、口香糖等在口腔滞留时间较长的食品。而且,也可以向漱口液、洁齿剂等口腔用剂添加使用。向这些饮食品、口腔用剂添加齿根膜保护材料时,齿根膜保护材料以粉末状添加较好,优选将齿根膜保护材料作为1~2%的水溶液或酒精水溶液的溶液或酒精溶液,对于饮食品或口腔用药剂的最终浓度为1~5000ppm,优选100~2000ppm来添加。
实施例1
(从苹果未成熟果实调制齿根膜保护材料)
将苹果未成熟果实(平均重量5.03g)400g与1%盐酸酸性的甲醇共同均化后,一边加热环流一边提取(3次)。减压浓缩提取液并除去甲醇后,加入氯仿后分层(2次),回收水层,过滤后其200ml用蒸馏水混合。然后通过使用Sep-pak C18的固相提取法精制,冻干得到齿根膜保护材料8.9g。从苹果未成熟果实的收得率为2.2%。
实施例2
(从啤酒花苞调制齿根膜保护材料)
将啤酒花苞50g用1000ml的40%酒精水溶液在搅拌下、50℃下进行60分钟提取。过滤后,减压压缩至容积为500ml,将其浓缩液流过填充了150ml苯乙烯-联乙烯苯树脂(三菱化学社制Sepabeads SP70)的柱,然后用500ml的水溶液清洗。而且向同一柱流过50%酒精水溶液600ml,回收合成溶液,并进行冻干,得到无嗅的、微苦味的、淡黄色粉末形式的1.7g齿根膜保护材料。从啤酒花苞的收得率为3.4%。
实施例3
(使用超滤膜的齿根膜保护材料的精制)
将与实施例2同样地得到的5g齿根膜保护材料溶解于500ml的50%酒精水溶液中,用分数分子量10000的超滤膜进行处理。浓缩没有通过该膜的上部残留液后,进行冻干,而且得到黄色~褐色粉末形式的2.2g进一步精制后的齿根膜保护材料。
实施例4
(洁齿剂)
二碱式磷酸钙 42.0
甘油 18.0
角叉胶 0.7
月桂基硫酸钠 1.2
糖精钠 0.09
对羟基苯甲酸丁酯 0.005
实施例1中得到的材料 0.005
香料 1.0
水 37.0
合计 100.0
使用上述各重量份的各成分,根据通常方法制造洁齿剂。且代替实施例1中得到的材料,分别添加实施例2以及3中得到的材料同样可以得到洁齿剂。
实施例5
(漱口液)
甘油 7.0
山梨醇 5.0
乙醇 15.0
月桂基硫酸钠 0.8
糖精钠 0.1
1-薄荷醇 0.05
香料 0.045
实施例1中得到的材料 0.005
水 72.0
合计 100.0
使用上述各重量份的各成分,根据通常方法制造漱口液。且代替实施例1中得到的材料,分别添加实施例2以及3中得到的材料同样可以得到漱口液。
实施例6
(片剂)
阿拉伯树胶 6.0
硬脂酸镁 3.0
葡萄糖 73.0
乳糖 17.6
磷酸氢二钾 0.2
磷酸二氢钾 0.1
香料 0.095
实施例1中得到的材料 0.005
合计 100.0
使用上述各重量份的各成分,根据通常方法制造片剂。且代替实施例1中得到的材料,分别添加实施例2以及3中得到的材料同样可以得到片剂。
实施例7
(糖果)
蔗糖 20.0
粘性淀粉糖浆(75%固体部分) 70.0
水 9.5
着色剂 0.45
香料 0.045
实施例1中得到的材料 0.005
合计 100.0
使用上述各重量份的各成分,根据通常方法制造糖果。且代替实施例1中得到的材料,分别添加实施例2以及3中得到的材料同样可以得到糖果。
实施例8
(口香糖)
胶质基底 20.0
碳酸钙 2.0
乳糖 77.0
卡哈苡苷 0.095
实施例1中得到的材料 0.005
香料 0.9
合计 100.0
使用上述各重量份的各成分,根据通常方法制造口香糖。且代替实施例1中得到的材料,分别添加实施例2以及3中得到的材料同样可以得到口香糖。
实施例9
(果汁)
浓缩桔子汁 15.0
果糖 5.0
柠檬酸 0.2
香料 0.1
色素 0.15
维丙钠 0.048
实施例1中得到的材料 0.002
水 79.5
合计 100.0
使用上述各重量份的各成分,根据通常方法制造果汁。且代替实施例1中得到的材料,分别添加实施例2以及3中得到的材料同样可以得到果汁。
实施例10
(曲奇)
低黏性面粉 32.0
全蛋 16.0
黄油 16.0
砂糖 25.0
水 10.8
发酵粉 0.198
实施例1中得到的材料 0.002
合计 100.0
使用上述各重量份的各成分,根据通常方法制造曲奇。且代替实施例1中得到的材料,分别添加实施例2以及3中得到的材料同样可以得到曲奇。
实施例11
(焦糖)
砂糖 31.0
粘性淀粉糖浆(75%固体部分) 70.0
奶粉 40.0
硬化油 5.0
食盐 0.6
香料 0.025
实施例1中得到的材料 0.005
水 3.37
合计 100.0
使用上述各重量份的各成分,根据通常方法制造焦糖。且代替实施例1中得到的材料,分别添加实施例2以及3中得到的材料同样可以得到焦糖。
实施例12
(齿根膜细胞保护效果)
在齿根膜细胞中,从被拔去牙齿的人的第三臼齿的齿根中央部剥离的齿根膜,使来源于该齿根膜的细胞在DMEM培养基中进行5~7代次培养,在确认碱性磷酸酶活性之后使用。在比较例中,使用来源于绿茶的表焙儿茶素作为多酚,并使用了实施例1、2以及3中得到齿根膜保护剂。P.gingivalis菌使用了ATCC33277菌株。
1×104齿根膜细胞被孵育在96孔平板中,在含有FCS10%的DMEM培养基中、在37℃下进行12小时孵育,形成了细胞的单层。将培养基替换成不含有FCS的DMEM培养基后,在37℃下进行12小时孵育。之后将没食子酸表焙儿茶素(比较例)、实施例1、2以及3加入培养基,而且将细胞数量100倍的P.gingivalis菌添加到培养基中,使细胞感染,在37℃下进行6小时孵育。孵育后,用PBS清洗3次,用25%的戊二醛水溶液处理5分钟,固定细胞。将固定了的细胞再用PBS清洗3次,用0.5%结晶紫的20%酒精溶液染色细胞。再用PBS清洗细胞5次,用平板读取器(BIO-Rad Co.,type 680)测定了在590nm的吸光度。
由于结晶紫是用于染色细胞的色素,所以如果由P.gingivalis菌引起的细胞损伤很少,可以很好地保存细胞的单层膜,由于被很好染色,因此在590nm的吸光度升高;相反如果细胞损伤很大,细胞的单层膜被破坏,则被染色的细胞减少,因此在590nm的吸光度降低。
试验结果如图1所示。加入实施例1、2以及3(各1μg/ml)的情况下,与对照(没添加多酚)相比较细胞膜的损伤低,细胞膜被更好地保存,因此显示具有很高的吸光度。该效果与10μg/ml的表焙儿茶素镓酸盐(比较例)的效果相同,或更好。即,实施例1~3的效果与10倍量的比较例相同,或更好。
实施例13
(齿根膜细胞保护效果)
在齿根膜细胞中,将从被拔去牙齿的人的第三臼齿的齿根中央部剥离的齿根膜提取的细胞在DMEM培养基中进行5~7代次培养之后,在确认碱性磷酸酶活性之后使用。作为多酚,以来源于绿茶的没食子酸表焙儿茶素作为比较例,使用了实施例1、2以及3中得到齿根膜保护剂。P.gingivalis菌为ATCC33277菌株。作为齿根膜的再生诱发剂使用了emdogain(エムドゲイン)(注册商标,EMD)。
1×104齿根膜细胞被孵育在事先涂上emdogain的96孔平板中,在含有FCS10%的DMEM培养基中、在37℃下进行12小时孵育,形成了细胞的单层。将培养基替换成不含有FCS的DMEM培养基后,再在37℃下进行12小时孵育。
之后用锋利针尖刺伤膜,将没食子酸表焙儿茶素(比较例)、实施例1、2以及3加入培养基,再将细胞数量的100倍的P.gingivalis菌添加到培养基中,使细胞感染,在37℃下进行40分钟孵育。在孵育前以及孵育开始后20分钟、40分钟时,在显微镜下对被刺伤的膜拍照,再用图像处理装置将膜的再生状态进行数字化处理。
试验结果如图2所示,加入实施例1、2以及3(各10μg/ml)的情况下,对照(没添加多酚、EMD+Pg)以及与10μg/ml的没食子酸表焙儿茶素(比较例:EGCg)相比较,明确地发现了齿根膜的再生。
产业上的利用可能性
本发明的齿根膜保护剂在再生医疗领域具有对牙周组织的保护效果,可以使用在医药品、漱口剂等准药品,以及饮食品中。
Claims (9)
1、一种齿根膜保护剂,其特征在于,包括:用于抑制Porphyromonasgingivalis菌对齿根膜的破坏的、有原花色素特征的多酚。
2、如权利要求1所述的齿根膜保护剂,其特征在于,来源于啤酒花,尤其是啤酒花苞。
3、如权利要求1所述的齿根膜保护剂,其特征在于,来源于苹果。
4、一种口腔用剂,其特征在于,含有权利要求1记载的齿根膜保护剂。
5、一种口腔用剂,其特征在于,含有权利要求2记载的齿根膜保护剂。
6、一种口腔用剂,其特征在于,含有权利要求3记载的齿根膜保护剂。
7、一种饮食品,其特征在于,含有权利要求1记载的齿根膜保护剂。
8、一种饮食品,其特征在于,含有权利要求2记载的齿根膜保护剂。
9、一种饮食品,其特征在于,含有权利要求3记载的齿根膜保护剂。
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TWI566782B (zh) * | 2008-02-08 | 2017-01-21 | 美國棕欖公司 | 口腔保健產品及其使用方法與製造 |
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WO2021062607A1 (en) | 2019-09-30 | 2021-04-08 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Oral care compositions comprising hops beta acid and amino acid |
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