CN1501775A - 用于煎制产品的装置和方法 - Google Patents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/10—General methods of cooking foods, e.g. by roasting or frying
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J27/00—Cooking-vessels
- A47J27/04—Cooking-vessels for cooking food in steam; Devices for extracting fruit juice by means of steam ; Vacuum cooking vessels
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L19/00—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L19/10—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof of tuberous or like starch containing root crops
- A23L19/12—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof of tuberous or like starch containing root crops of potatoes
- A23L19/18—Roasted or fried products, e.g. snacks or chips
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/10—General methods of cooking foods, e.g. by roasting or frying
- A23L5/11—General methods of cooking foods, e.g. by roasting or frying using oil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J27/00—Cooking-vessels
- A47J27/08—Pressure-cookers; Lids or locking devices specially adapted therefor
- A47J27/0817—Large-capacity pressure cookers; Pressure fryers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J36/00—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
- A47J36/38—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels for withdrawing or condensing cooking vapors from cooking utensils
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J37/00—Baking; Roasting; Grilling; Frying
- A47J37/04—Roasting apparatus with movably-mounted food supports or with movable heating implements; Spits
- A47J37/047—Roasting apparatus with movably-mounted food supports or with movable heating implements; Spits with rotating drums or baskets
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J37/00—Baking; Roasting; Grilling; Frying
- A47J37/12—Deep fat fryers, e.g. for frying fish or chips
- A47J37/1214—Deep fat fryers, e.g. for frying fish or chips the food being transported through an oil-bath
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J37/00—Baking; Roasting; Grilling; Frying
- A47J37/12—Deep fat fryers, e.g. for frying fish or chips
- A47J37/1228—Automatic machines for frying and dispensing metered amounts of food
Abstract
用于煎制产品、例如在油中煎制薄片的方法和装置。所述煎制操作在真空条件下进行。在煎制之后,对薄片进行离心处理,离心处理最好在真空下进行。通过将薄片从上述装置引入到一个旋转真空室中,开始进行离心。在离心之后,薄片被直接排向真空的底部中的一个阀,装入到一个闸结构中,并且随后经受大气压力。
Description
本发明涉及一种用于煎制产品、例如在油中煎制薄片的装置,它包括:一个设有一个盛油器皿的真空容器;所述产品的供应装置;所述产品的排出装置;水蒸汽去除装置;置于所述盛油器皿和和所述排出装置之间的离心装置,其位于一个离心室中,具有用于连接所述真空容器和大气的闸门,所述离心装置在其截止端附近设有一个入口。
从US 5988051A中已知这种装置。
已知在该现有技术中,在一个真空容器中以减小的压力进行煎制处理,其使得可以以较低的油温工作。一方面,这延长了油的使用寿命;另一方面,限制了油的吸收。已知在该现有技术中,随后在用于该处理的真空容器之外,使以这种方式煎制的脆片经受机械振动处理,以便最后从薄片中将油去除。在该处理中加入蒸汽。这里存在一个问题,即,提供给薄片的机械能量必须受到限制。事实上,如果该能量供应太大,则该易碎、硬的刚刚烘焙的脆片将会碎裂,而这是不希望发生的。这意味着,实际上仅仅脆片的外侧被加热并且从其中将油去除掉。
如果例如煎制马铃薯片,则采用该方法可实现大约为24%的油含量。
US 5988051公开了通过使所述产品在一个真空室中经历离心处理进一步从产品中去除油的方法。在送入产品离心体之后,开始进行离心处理并去除油脂。随后,封闭与真空容器的连通,同时建立与周围大气的连通。将该离心体与产品一起从离心室中取出,并且将产品从离心体中取出。
已经发现,这些薄片仍倾向于结团,从而导致无法形成薄片。
本发明的目的是消除这些缺陷。
根据本发明,利用上述装置实现该目的,其中所述离心装置在其下端设有一个出口,该出口向所述离心室的一个排出部分敞开或开口。
根据本发明,在封闭与真空容器的连通之后,立即将离心室相对于大气打开以取出产品,从而不会产生结团。
通过使旋转离心构件设有径向延伸的隔板,可以进一步防止物质的结团。防止结团以改善产品质量并防止产品碎裂的步骤包括:送入产品并同时旋转离心体。通过取出产品而同时离心体仍保持旋转,可以获得进一步的优点。
根据本发明的进一步的优选实施例,使离心装置(更具体地说是盛放薄片的可旋转器皿)相对于垂直方向倾斜优选为大约30°的角度。特别是,如果离心体仍然旋转,则这样同时可改善装载和卸载性能。
因为离心是间歇式操作的,因此优选设置两个离心体,并对它们进行交替操作,以便将薄片和其它物质连续地送入到离心体中。
在真空容器中可以设置用以尽可能均匀且精确地调节脆片在真空容器中的停留时间的装置。为了这一目的,可以在油池中设置传送带和转轮的组合。同样,可以设置迫使脆片进入到油中的分离带。
在煎制多种食品的过程中,由于油的温度升高,在进入到真空容器中时会产生相当量的水蒸汽。这增加了容器中的压力,在现有技术中,建议采用多个笨重的真空泵,以便抽取出这些水蒸气并保持真空。
本发明建议,为了排出蒸汽,在进入任何真空泵之前将水蒸汽冷凝。由于通过冷凝水蒸汽来去除水份,总的蒸汽量被充分减少,这意味着,不需要采用笨重的蒸汽泵。这种冷凝可以通过采用简单的风扇并沿着一个冷却表面对其进行引导对水蒸汽略微压缩而产生。已经发现,冷凝发生于该处理中。当然,这一措施也可以用于现有技术中已知的其它真空装置的情况下。
本发明还涉及一种方法,其中离心体的轴线相对于垂直方向大约成30°的角度。
现在,将参考在附图中表示的示例性实施例对本发明进行更详细的说明,其中:
图1表示根据本发明的装置的示意性纵剖视图;
图2表示图1的II-II剖视图。
在图1中以参考标号1表示根据本发明的装置。该装置包括一个具有相当长度的真空容器2。后者设有一个入口闸门结构3和出口闸门结构4。油脂由参考标号5标出。该油脂可以存储在一个单独的容器中。借助一个油脂存储容器8和一个油脂供应线路9使油脂的高度保持恒定。设有一个用于油脂的循环系统(未做进一步的详细表示),在其中对油脂进行过滤和加热。对于通常用于煎制马铃薯片的油脂,优选的适宜温度低于大约136℃。
参考标号6表示一个传送带,该传送带移动通过液体油脂。精确调节产品的停留时间的计量/控制辊由参考标号7标出。另一个传送带由参考标号16标出,并且,箭头指出后者以这样的方式设计,即,其将产品压在油脂高度以下。一个与传送带18相互作用的提升装置(传送带6的延伸)由参考标号17标出。该提升装置在一个交叉带30上开口,所述交叉带30可以被驱动向左或向右、即向着离心体19或离心体20移动(如图2所示)。在这种情况下,离心体与垂直方向成30°的角度放置,以便尽可能利用真空容器中的空间,并改进薄片的装料/卸料操作。设置可以被阀23、34关闭的闸室21和22。每个离心体包括一个具有垂直分隔件32的旋转体31。旋转体的底部设置有锥体33,该锥体可以向着旋转体31移动和从旋转体31移开,以便作为底阀。在图2的左侧,底阀33被打开;而在右侧则将其关闭。设置驱动马达35用以旋转离心体。
参考标号13标出了一个真空泵。一个用于水蒸汽的分支线路由参考标号10标出。其包含一个风扇型的泵11。使用的风扇可以是所谓的罗茨式鼓风机(roots blower)。参考标号12表示一个冷凝器,该冷凝器连接到一个外部热交换器15上。一个水收集容器由参考标号14标出,该收集容器可以相对于真空被隔绝(其隔绝方式未进一步示出),或者可以以某种方式排出。
上述装置的功能如下:
待煎制的薄片例如马铃薯片通过入口闸门3引入。在这一过程中,在到达油位5之前,薄片将下落十几厘米。在这一下落过程中,薄片物质的细孔由于真空和蒸发的水而打开。当薄片与油脂5接触时,这些细孔没有被立即封住。油温优选为120℃。然后在带6上输送产品,利用辊7精确地调节停留时间。作为一个例子,最大停留时间为大约为360秒。当然,所有这些均根据各种特性、特别是薄片的厚度和油的温度而定。薄片被带16压在油高之下。薄片随后沉积在带30上并且传送给离心体19或20。相关的离心体的底阀33处于封闭位置。当相关的离心体仍在以相对较低的速度旋转时,可以开始对离心体装料。由于旋转离心体中的分隔件32,薄片被均匀地分布在离心体的整个容积中。在填充到相关离心体中之后,在离心体19和20中对薄片进行离心处理。该离心体具有50cm的直径,并且优选的旋转速度为大约每分钟400转。然而,也可以增加直径并且选择不同的旋转速度。离心处理保持最长1分钟。在离心过程中,相邻的闸室21或22处于真空状态。
在离心处理结束时(打开的阀23和关闭的阀34的状态下),打开底阀33。由于设置有这种底阀,薄片可以在闸室21中立即排出,而不会有结成团块的危险。随后,阀23被关闭,并且相关阀34被打开,以排出薄片。同时,向其它离心体、例如离心体20中填充新的薄片。
采用上述装置,可以在非常短的停留时间中对薄片进行充分的煎制处理和用于去除油脂的处理。已经发现,由于停留时间短,在煎制过程中,薄片的温度几乎不会上升到60℃以上。进而,在煎制之后沿带17和18输送并供应给离心体19和20的过程中,薄片的温度几乎不会下降。已经发现,温度的下降大约为5℃。这意味着,薄片保持相对较软并且具有很大的机械强度,换而言之,在离心处理过程中不易碎裂。进而,真空阻止了在该系统中使用的油脂的急速变质,并且防止油脂凝固在薄片中。
尽管参照优选实施例对本发明进行了说明,但是必须理解,可以对其进行各种修改。可以根据将要制备的产品和对于产品的特性规定而进行各中改进或变型。当然,在以某种方式相互连接的分离的真空容器中也可以进行各种步骤。通过阅读上述说明,在本领域技术人员的脑海中可以立即涌现出落在后面所述的权利要求范围内的这些和类似的变型。
Claims (11)
1、一种用于煎制产品、例如在油中煎制薄片的装置(1),包括:一个设有一盛油器皿的真空容器(2),所述产品的供应装置(3),所述产品的排出装置(4),水蒸汽去除装置(10),置于所述盛油器皿和所述排出装置之间的离心装置(19、20),在一个离心室中,具有用于连接所述真空容器和大气的闸门,所述离心装置在其顶端附近设有一个入口,其特征在于,所述离心装置在其下端设有一个出口,该出口向所述离心室的一个排出部分敞开。
2、如权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,离心装置的旋转轴线相对于垂直方向倾斜30°的角度。
3、如前述权利要求之一所述的装置,其特征在于,设有两个离心装置用以交替地操作。
4、如前述权利要求之一所述的装置,其特征在于,包括一个真空发生系统,该真空发生系统包括一个连接到所述具有水冷凝装置的真空容器上。
5、如权利要求4所述的装置,其特征在于,在所述真空容器和所述水冷凝装置之间设有泵装置(11),以便降低真空容器中的压力并增加冷凝装置中的压力。
6、如权利要求4或5所述的装置,其中,所述真空泵包括一个罗茨式真空泵。
7、一种用于煎制产品的方法,包括:在减小的压力下将所述产品暴露于被加热的油脂中,随后,通过将产品引入到一个离心体的旋转室中并在减小的压力下使所述离心室离心旋转以及从所述离心室中排出所述产品,从而从所述产品中去除油脂,其特征在于,所述产品的排出包括从所述离心室的底部取出。
8、如权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,离心轴线相对于垂直方向呈大约为30°的角度。
9、如权利要求8或9所述的方法,其特征在于,在所述产品的引入过程中,旋转所述离心室。
10、如权利要求7-9中任何一项所述的方法,其特征在于,首先在旋转所述离心室的同时取出所述产品。
11、如权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于,所述真空泵包括一个罗茨式真空泵。
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NLPCT/NL00/00355 | 2000-05-24 | ||
PCT/NL2000/000355 WO2001089320A1 (en) | 2000-05-24 | 2000-05-24 | Method and device for frying products |
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US (2) | US6929812B2 (zh) |
EP (2) | EP1283680B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP4903970B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100780779B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1226938C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE251848T1 (zh) |
AU (2) | AU5114900A (zh) |
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CA (1) | CA2409861C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE60101004T2 (zh) |
DK (1) | DK1283680T3 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2204863T3 (zh) |
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CN101336079B (zh) * | 2006-01-30 | 2012-07-18 | Bma荷兰有限公司 | 多阶段产品油炸方法和装置 |
CN103687671A (zh) * | 2011-07-21 | 2014-03-26 | 弗罗里戈国际有限公司 | 用于离心分离食品的装置和方法 |
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WO2001089320A1 (en) * | 2000-05-24 | 2001-11-29 | Fruit Chips B.V. | Method and device for frying products |
US6598515B1 (en) * | 2000-09-29 | 2003-07-29 | Bove' Meenakshi J. | Apparatus for processing a product |
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Cited By (3)
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CN101336079B (zh) * | 2006-01-30 | 2012-07-18 | Bma荷兰有限公司 | 多阶段产品油炸方法和装置 |
CN103687671A (zh) * | 2011-07-21 | 2014-03-26 | 弗罗里戈国际有限公司 | 用于离心分离食品的装置和方法 |
CN103687671B (zh) * | 2011-07-21 | 2016-08-17 | 弗罗里戈国际有限公司 | 用于离心分离食品的装置和方法 |
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