CN1210447A - 挤出的速溶颗粒食品 - Google Patents

挤出的速溶颗粒食品 Download PDF

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CN1210447A
CN1210447A CN97192152A CN97192152A CN1210447A CN 1210447 A CN1210447 A CN 1210447A CN 97192152 A CN97192152 A CN 97192152A CN 97192152 A CN97192152 A CN 97192152A CN 1210447 A CN1210447 A CN 1210447A
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mixture
parts
extruder
oil
reach
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CN1065732C (zh
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E·H·雷默迪斯
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Societe des Produits Nestle SA
Nestle SA
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Societe des Produits Nestle SA
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23D—EDIBLE OILS OR FATS, e.g. MARGARINES, SHORTENINGS, COOKING OILS
    • A23D9/00—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings, cooking oils
    • A23D9/02—Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings, cooking oils characterised by the production or working-up
    • A23D9/04—Working-up
    • A23D9/05—Forming free-flowing pieces
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23P—SHAPING OR WORKING OF FOODSTUFFS, NOT FULLY COVERED BY A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS
    • A23P10/00—Shaping or working of foodstuffs characterised by the products
    • A23P10/20—Agglomerating; Granulating; Tabletting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23P—SHAPING OR WORKING OF FOODSTUFFS, NOT FULLY COVERED BY A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS
    • A23P10/00—Shaping or working of foodstuffs characterised by the products
    • A23P10/20—Agglomerating; Granulating; Tabletting
    • A23P10/22—Agglomeration or granulation with pulverisation of solid particles, e.g. in a free-falling curtain
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23P—SHAPING OR WORKING OF FOODSTUFFS, NOT FULLY COVERED BY A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS
    • A23P10/00—Shaping or working of foodstuffs characterised by the products
    • A23P10/20—Agglomerating; Granulating; Tabletting
    • A23P10/25—Agglomeration or granulation by extrusion or by pressing, e.g. through small holes, through sieves or between surfaces
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23P—SHAPING OR WORKING OF FOODSTUFFS, NOT FULLY COVERED BY A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS
    • A23P10/00—Shaping or working of foodstuffs characterised by the products
    • A23P10/40—Shaping or working of foodstuffs characterised by the products free-flowing powder or instant powder, i.e. powder which is reconstituted rapidly when liquid is added
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2300/00—Processes
    • A23V2300/10—Drying, dehydrating

Abstract

散粒的并可立即分散和/或溶解的颗粒食品的生产方法,该方法包括在挤压机中制备一种油或脂肪与粉末碳水化合物和/或高蛋白物质的混合物,在该挤压机中增塑该混合物并通过挤压增塑的混合物成线并切割该线使该混合物形成颗粒。

Description

挤出的速溶颗粒食品
本发明涉及一种散粒的并可立即分散和/或溶解的颗粒食品的生产方法。
DD-A-248502(粮食加工研究所)公开了一种方法，该方法通过制备蛋白质水解物，肉类或植物物质，速溶粉或通心粉，食盐，糖和香料的粉末或面团状(doughlike)混合物，用压榨机或挤压机使混合物颗粒化，用油，碳水化合物或树胶对颗粒进行流化床涂层并干燥来生产颗粒形式的速溶调料或汤料。
GB-A-2131271(粮食加工研究所)公开一种方法，该方法用于生产基于乳，或其他动物蛋白或植物蛋白，碳水化合物，脂肪和矿物质的颗粒化食品，该方法包括将粉末成分于流化床中混合。并将其余成分的流体混合物喷雾到该粉末成分中，该粉末物质被喷雾物质涂层和附聚并同时在流化床中被干燥。
US-A-5332585(Odermatt等)公开一种方法，用于通过将淀粉状物质与融化的脂肪混合，将该混合物以线状挤出，冷却挤出的线，将其分成段并将这些段通过铁篦子喷出以使之减小成颗粒。
本发明表述的问题是提供一种新的简单的方法，用于从碳水化合物，蛋白质和油及脂肪生产散粒的的并可速溶分散和/或溶解的颗粒食品。
为此目的，本发明的方法包括在挤压机中制备一种油或脂肪与碳水化合物粉末和/或高蛋白物质的混合物，在该挤压机中增塑(plasticise)所述混合物并通过挤压增塑的混合物成线和切割这些线而使混合物形成颗粒。
本发明方法确能从碳水化合物，蛋白质，和油或脂肪生产散粒的的颗粒食品，该食品可立即分散和/或溶解于温水或沸水中并因此而适合用于制备半流质或流质的速溶食品。
在本说明书和权利要求中所表述的“稳定乳状液”意指脂相主要以均匀分散于液相的小球形式存在而无任何可见的分离的相。
术语“崩解剂”意指食品级崩解试剂，该试剂能通过表面张力效应崩解分散于水中的颗粒，并且含该崩解剂的颗粒在成型期间被一定程度的压缩。
本方法可开始于动物或植物物质成分形式的碳水化合物，蛋白质和/或油或脂肪，如乳块，谷物粉或大豆粉，和/或单一成分的形式，如淀粉，多糖，麦芽糖糊精，蔗糖，乳糖，葡萄糖，卵蛋白，谷蛋白，蛋白浓缩物或从牛奶，乳清或大豆中分离到的蛋白质，动物或植物来源的甘油三酯，乳脂，棕榈油，棕榈油精，椰子油，或菜子油。
因此，可制备一种混合物，份数以重量计，例如该混合物含5到95份，优选30到70份碳水化合物，最高可达40份，优选15到30份蛋白质，和最高可达80份，优选5到40份油或脂肪的混合物。
可在制备所述混合物前和/或后加入下面成分：
-最高可达到25份，优选最高可达到15份的水，
-最高可达到5份，优选最高可达到0.6份的乳化剂，如卵磷脂，单和/或二脂酰甘油脂，
-最高可达到3份，优选最高可达到1份的崩解剂，如改性淀粉，羧甲基纤维素(CMC)，甲醛-酪蛋白和其他被修饰的蛋白质，
-最高可达到3份，优选最高可达到1份的稳定剂，如果胶，黄原胶和其他树胶，
-并可选用维生素，微量营养素和/或抗氧化剂。
为在挤压机中制备所述混合物可从油，水和乳化剂制备乳浊液，并可同时或相继添加所述乳浊液和所述粉末物质到挤压机中。
或者，制备油，脂肪和粉末碳水化合物的混合物，制备油和粉末蛋白物质的水乳浊液，并同时或相继添加该混合物和乳浊液到挤压机中。
所用挤压机可是单螺杆或双螺杆挤压机，例如MAPIMPIANTI或WENGER单螺杆挤压机，或BUHLER,WENGER,CLEXTRAL或WERNER＆PFLEIDERER双螺杆挤压机，或READCO型TELEDYNE或AOUSTIN型双螺杆混合器。
在挤压机的不同的区温度是可调的，各区执行各自的功能，即混合(室温)，脂肪(55℃以上)，增塑和/或淀粉糊化(120℃到约180℃)。可相应调整压力从大气压以上(混合，脂肪)到约200kPa和10MPa之间(增塑，淀粉糊化，挤压)，在挤压机中保持的时间例如可从约2秒钟到约2分钟。
增塑了的混合物可通过塑模被挤压成线，例如通过有直径1到3毫米圆孔的模板。
挤出的线可被切割成例如约2到5毫米长的颗粒。
然后这样得到的颗粒可被干燥成例如约1到5％，优选2到3.5％的残留含量。
这些颗粒可具有例如约400到600克/升的堆积密度。
可提供例如压缩和/或球化(spheronise)的其他成形步骤以使所述颗粒的堆积密度增加到例如约500和1000克/升。
在如下实施例中解释本发明方法的实施方案，其中的百分数和份数以重量计。
实施例
制备含20份水，15份棕油精，15份脱脂乳粉和0.6份卵磷脂的乳浊液。
该乳浊液与25份脱脂奶粉，15份乳糖和15份玉米淀粉一起被添加到双螺杆挤压机中。
然后将挤压机混合区中室温下如此方式制备的混合物于140℃，8MPa下在同一挤压机的机械压缩和剪切区中增塑。通过该挤压机末端塑模中圆筒形2毫米直径开孔，该增塑了的混合物被挤压成线。
所述的线被切割成5毫米长的颗粒，其具有500克/升的堆积密度。
这些颗粒在温水或沸水中是散粒的并可立即分散。

Claims (5)

1．一种用于生产散粒的并可立即分散和/或溶解的颗粒食品之方法，它包括在挤压机中制备一种油或脂肪与粉末状碳水化合物和/或高蛋白物质的混合物，在该挤压机中增塑该混合物和通过挤压增塑的混合物成线并切割该线使混合物形成颗粒。
2．权利要求1的方法，其中所述混合物，份数以重量计，包含5到95份碳水化合物，最高可达40份的蛋白质，和最高可达80份的油或脂肪。
3．权利要求2的方法，其中在制备所述混合物前和/或后加入如下成分：
-最高可达25份的水
-最高可达5份的乳化剂
-最高可达3份的崩解剂，和
-最高可达3份的稳定剂
4．权利要求1的方法，它包括从油，水和乳化剂制备乳浊液，和同时或相继将所述乳浊液和所述粉末物质添加到挤压机中。
5．权利要求1的方法，它包括制备一种油或脂肪和粉末碳水化合物的混合物，制备油和粉末蛋白质物质的水乳浊液，和同时或相继将该混合物和乳浊液添加到挤压机中。
CN97192152A 1996-02-07 1997-02-06 一种散粒的并可立即分散和/或溶解的颗粒食品的生产方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1065732C (zh)

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EP96810080.0 1996-02-07
EP96810080A EP0796567A1 (en) 1996-02-07 1996-02-07 Granular food product

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CN97101281A Expired - Fee Related CN1106157C (zh) 1996-02-07 1997-02-07 制造粒状食品的方法

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CA2196910A1 (en) 1997-08-08
MA24081A1 (fr) 1997-10-01
HUP9700365A2 (hu) 1998-01-28
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AR005760A1 (es) 1999-07-14
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US5916612A (en) 1999-06-29
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AU725219B2 (en) 2000-10-05
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