CN1191018C - 用于消除尼古丁的口香糖成分 - Google Patents
用于消除尼古丁的口香糖成分 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1191018C CN1191018C CNB021304602A CN02130460A CN1191018C CN 1191018 C CN1191018 C CN 1191018C CN B021304602 A CNB021304602 A CN B021304602A CN 02130460 A CN02130460 A CN 02130460A CN 1191018 C CN1191018 C CN 1191018C
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- chewing gum
- gum component
- component according
- nicotine
- mixture
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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Abstract
公开了一种可以从咀嚼口香糖的人体内消除尼古丁成分的口香糖成分。该口香糖成分有将吸烟后人体内产生的尼古丁转化为可铁宁并从尿中排出可铁宁的功能。因此,通过咀嚼本发明的口香糖,不但可以减少体内的尼古丁,而且由于尼古丁患癌症的发生率可大大减少。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及用于消除尼古丁的口香糖成分,特别是能够消除咀嚼口香糖的人身体中的尼古丁成分的一种成分。
现有技术
尼古丁是大量包含于烟草中的有毒物质,它刺激或麻痹中枢神经系统和周围神经并收缩血管。特别是,N-亚硝胺,一种尼古丁的代谢产物已知是一种强致癌物质(Eugene等Carcinogenesis,20:133-137,1999),并且到目前为止报道了200种N-亚硝胺中的致癌活性。
除了N-亚硝胺,可铁宁,另一种尼古丁的代谢产物,以及酯酸和羟基酸,尼古丁的其他代谢产物可以通过帮助细胞色素P450一种存在于肝脏等中的酶,起到干扰尼古丁到致癌的N-亚硝胺的转化途径的竞争抑制剂。因此,如果从尼古丁到可铁宁的转化途径可以被激活使得增加可铁宁的产物并同时参与亚硝胺生产的酶的活性被抑制,吸烟的人体内聚集的尼古丁可以有效的消除因此由于尼古丁造成的癌症将可以防止。
栎精、EGCG(五倍子酸表儿茶素epigallocatechin gallate)、儿茶酚等被报道作为消除尼古丁的材料,但没有生产食物的实例,特别是用这些材料的口香糖。
同时,几千年以来,从植物或水果中分离的天然材料一直用于疾病治疗。特别是在东方许多种草药用来医治病人,但是它们的活性成分或生理机制没有被科学的研究。
已知那些经常摄取新鲜水果和蔬菜的人很少患例如心脏病、肺癌、食管癌、喉癌等癌症,这是由于他们摄取的食物中的独特成分具有抗氧化作用和对于特定致癌酶的相对抑制作用。
发明内容
发明人通过研究有效减少由于吸烟造成的体内尼古丁积累、减少致癌物质产生的方法,研究了一种含减少尼古丁活性的材料的口香糖完成本发明,它通过减少戒烟时节制症状出现的强度和时间来帮助人们成功地戒烟。
因此,本发明的一个目的是提供一种用于减少尼古丁的口香糖成分,它展示了将由于吸烟在人体内产生的尼古丁转化为可铁宁并从尿排出的功能。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供了一种口香糖成分,包括重量的0.01至10%的具有减少尼古丁活性的物质,重量的50至89%的糖类,和重量的10至40%的口香糖基体,都根据该混合物的总重量。
实施本发明的最佳方式
本发明的口香糖成分可以通过加入重量的0.01至20%的糖类糖浆更好的生产。
本发明的口香糖成分可以如下方式的生产,还加入至少下列一种选自包含香料、稳定剂、色素、乳化剂、增亮剂的制剂到混合物中。
这里详细描述本发明的口香糖成分。
本发明的口香糖成分的特征在于,它包括重量的0.01至10%具有减少尼古丁活性的物质,重量的50至89%的糖类,和重量的10至40%口香糖基体,都根据该混合物的总重量。
虽然栎精、EGCG(五倍子酸表儿茶素,epigallocatechin gallate)或儿茶酚在现有技术中是公知的抑制尼古丁的材料,通常用于消除尼古丁活性的材料,首选的是使用绿茶、桑叶、白果、欧亚甘草、干桔皮、苹果、柠檬和芹菜混合物的提取物(以下称作“八种混合物提取物”)。
八种混合物提取物可以通过粉碎苹果、柠檬和芹菜,压出其果汁,将绿茶、桑叶、白果、欧亚甘草和干桔皮加入到果汁混合液,从混合液中以50至150℃,最好是100℃进行1至8小时最好是4小时提取提取物,并过滤该提取物。
最好加入重量的0.01 to 10%的消除尼古丁物质到本发明的口香糖成分,最好是加入重量的1%。
加入糖类如食糖、葡萄糖、异麦芽糖(isomalt)或木糖醇到本发明的口香糖成分以具有甜味。为了具有合适的甜味,较好的是加入重量的50 to89%的糖类,最好是加入重量的65%的糖类。
加入重量的10 to 40%的口香糖基体到本发明的口香糖成分,最好是加入重量的25%到该成分。口香糖基体的容量范围是由于若加入量低于重量的10%,则结聚作用变差,形成口香糖过程中分裂和破裂会增加;如果加入量高于重量的40%,则口香糖的质地感觉将变得坚韧。
还可向本发明的口香糖成分中加入糖类糖浆以软化口香糖的物理性质,使口香糖聚结良好。更适宜的是,成分中的糖类糖浆从由sortitol 80糖浆、淀粉糖浆、麦芽糖糖浆、山梨糖醇糖浆的组中选择,最好是加入合成物重量的0.01至20%到成分中。
同样,本发明的口香糖成分可以用这种方法制作,除了糖类糖浆外,至少从包括香料、稳定剂、色素、乳化剂和增亮剂中选择一种试剂加入到该成分。
香料加入到成分中以使口香糖的气味吸引人,从包含薄荷香料、水果香料和草药香料中选择使用,但本发明不局限于此。香料最好以少于重量的5%加入到该成分,因为如果加入到成分的量多于重量的5%,会发生强烈香味的额外问题。
另外,稳定剂如阿拉伯树胶、凝胶或魔芋角叉(菜)胶可以加入到本发明的成分中。稳定剂又称作增稠剂,不仅有助于增加食物的粘性和乳化稳定剂,还可在处理加热或储存过程中保持食物新鲜和形状。另外,经常添加其以提高口感或手感。本发明中,稳定剂的加入量最好低于重量的10%,因为加入量高于重量的10%会增加不好的气味和味道的问题。
另外,为了视觉效果,还可以加入天然色素如栀子花蓝色、栀子花黄色、焦糖色或葡萄皮提取色或人工染色剂到本发明的口香糖中。注意加入的色素或染色剂并不限于此,色素或染色剂最好加入的成分含量为小于重量的5%。
本发明的口香糖成分最好也加入乳化剂如脂肪酸或蛋黄素的蔗糖酯,乳化剂通常在口香糖生产中加入得以均匀分散于糖溶液中的香料,且最好加入的成分含量小于重量的10%,该乳化剂的含量范围是最好的,因为如果乳化剂加入的量高于重量的10%,会产生难闻的气味或不好的味道。
另外,本发明的口香糖成分最好还加入增亮剂如巴西棕榈蜡或虫胶,增亮剂,具有增加口香糖光亮度的目的并可因此给最终口香糖生产的高档的外观,最好加入的成分含量小于重量的2%。
下面,详细叙述本发明的最佳实施例。这里,应注意下面的实施例只是给出了实例的一个方式而且本发明并不限制于此。
生产示例1
包括八种混合物的提取物的口香糖产品(案例1)
1-1.八种混合物的提取物产品
芹菜、苹果和柠檬用蒸馏水清洗两遍,使用湿式破碎机压碎。向压碎物质中加入10倍的蒸馏水,从压碎物质和蒸馏水中压榨果汁,从果汁中分离渣滓,用100目的滤网过滤压榨的果汁,得到混合溶液。
然后,向混合溶液中加入绿茶、桑叶、欧亚甘草、白果和干桔皮,混合溶液中加入20倍蒸馏水,得到的混合溶液在100℃温度下榨取4小时。提取液用100目的滤网过滤,用1μm室内过滤器再过滤一遍,用硅藻土过滤以便浓缩。
1-2.含八种混合物的提取物的口香糖产品
生产上面例1-1获得的含八种混合物的提取物的口香糖产品。
为了生产口香糖产品,口香糖基体在40℃温度下加热,向口香糖基体加入木糖醇(Bolak Co.,Ltd.)和异麦芽糖(isomalt)(PalatinitCompany),然后例1-1中生产的八种混合物的提取物加入并与口香糖基体充分混合。口香糖最后通过成型机(Young-Jin Ind.)成型,同时使异麦芽糖(isomalt)雾化,然后将成型混合物醇化两天。
生产示例2
包括八种混合物的提取物的口香糖产品(案例2)
使用下面表1中的混合率的未加工材料列表,包括从上面例1-1获得的八种混合物提取物,制造口香糖。
首先,口香糖基体加热到40℃,然后sortitol 80(Paik-Kwang Ind.)混合到口香糖基体。在木糖醇、异麦芽糖(isomalt)和薄荷作为香料加入后,上面例1-1获得的八种混合物提取物加入并与口香糖基体充分混合。得到的混合物使用成型机成型,同时使异麦芽糖(isomalt)雾化,然后醇化两天。醇化后,成型的口香糖涂上异麦芽糖(isomalt)和明胶的混合液。涂覆过程中,脂肪酸的蔗糖酯作为乳化剂加入,薄荷香料加入到涂覆溶液以使涂覆层具有香味。口香糖最后给涂覆胶用栀子花蓝色上色,用巴西棕榈蜡处理上过色的口香糖使其具有光泽。
表1.例2产品中的混合比率
未加工原料名 | 混合比率(wt.%) |
八种混合物提取物 | 1 |
口香糖基体 | 25 |
Sortitol 80 | 5.98 |
异麦芽糖(isomalt) | 35.0 |
木糖醇 | 30.0 |
薄荷香料 | 1.5 |
凝胶 | 1 |
栀子花蓝色 | 0.5 |
脂肪酸的蔗糖酯 | 0.01 |
巴西棕榈蜡 | 0.01 |
全部 | 100 |
生产示例3
包括栎精的口香糖产品
使用下面的表2的未加工原料混合比率,包括栎精(Sigma,USA),生产口香糖。
表2.例3中产品的混合比率
未加工原料名 | 混合比率(wt.%) |
栎精 | 0.1 |
口香糖基体 | 25 |
Sortitol 80 | 6.88 |
异麦芽糖(isomalt) | 35.0 |
木糖醇 | 30.0 |
薄荷香料 | 1.5 |
凝胶 | 1 |
栀子花蓝色 | 0.5 |
脂肪酸的蔗糖酯 | 0.01 |
巴西棕榈蜡 | 0.01 |
全部 | 100 |
生产示例4
含儿茶酚的口香糖产品
使用下面表3列出的未加工原料混合比率,包括儿茶酚(Sigma,USA),生产口香糖。
表3.例4中产品的混合比率
未加工原料名 | 混合比率(wt.%) |
儿茶酚 | 0.1 |
口香糖基体 | 25 |
Sortitol 80 | 6.88 |
异麦芽糖(isomalt) | 35.0 |
木糖醇 | 30.0 |
薄荷香料 | 1.5 |
凝胶 | 1 |
栀子花蓝色 | 0.5 |
脂肪酸的蔗糖酯 | 0.01 |
巴西棕榈蜡 | 0.01 |
全部 | 100 |
生产示例5
含EGCG(五倍子酸表儿茶素
,epigallo-catechin gallate)的口香糖 产品
使用下面表4中未加工原料的混合比率,包括EGCG(Sigma,USA),生产口香糖。
表4.例5中产品的混合比率
未加工原料名 | 混合比率(wt.%) |
EGCG | 0.1 |
口香糖基体 | 25 |
Sortitol 80 | 6.88 |
异麦芽糖(isomalt) | 35.0 |
木糖醇 | 30.0 |
薄荷香料 | 1.5 |
凝胶 | 1 |
栀子花蓝色 | 0.5 |
脂肪酸的蔗糖酯 | 0.01 |
巴西棕榈蜡 | 0.01 |
全部 | 100 |
例1
确认口香糖的尼古丁分解效果
为了确认生产示例1-2生产的口香糖的尼古丁分解效果,使用在20岁到30岁吸过两年或更长时间烟的36个精力充沛的男子做临床实验。控制组(第一组的十六个人和第二组的十六个人),咀嚼普通口香糖,进行一天的临床实验,测试组(第一组的十六个人和第二组的十六个人),咀嚼生产示例1-2中生产的含八种混合提取物的口香糖,进行另一天的临床实验,所有的实验过程在每天的相同时间段,即,从早10点到晚6点。在这种情况下,控制组的36个人即是测试组的36个人。
参加临床实验的36个人被警告在测试前的一天中既不能饮酒也不能过度工作,这样他们可以保持其身体状况。临床实验以下面表5和表6的方式进行,属于第一组的人咀嚼一片口香糖,属于第二组的人咀嚼三片口香糖。
表5.控制组的临床实验
时间 | 测试的细节 |
10:00 | 吸一支香烟,在喝下200ml水后咀嚼一片(三片)普通口香糖 |
10:30 | 吐出咀嚼后的口香糖,咀嚼一片(三片)普通口香糖 |
10:50 | 第一次尿液收集 |
11:00 | 吸一支香烟,在喝下200ml水后咀嚼一片(三片)普通口香糖 |
11:30 | 吐出咀嚼后的口香糖,咀嚼一片(三片)普通口香糖 |
11:50 | 第二次尿液收集 |
12:00 | 吸一支香烟,在喝下200ml水后咀嚼一片(三片)普通口香糖 |
12:50 | 午饭时间(午饭后咀嚼一片(三片)普通口香糖并喝下200ml水) |
12:50 | 第三次尿液收集 |
13:00 | 吸一支香烟,在喝下200ml水后咀嚼一片(三片)普通口香糖 |
14:00 | 吸一支香烟,咀嚼一片(三片)普通口香糖 |
14:50 | 第四次尿液收集 |
15:00 | 吸一支香烟,在喝下200ml水后咀嚼一片(三片)普通口香糖 |
16:00 | 吸一支香烟,咀嚼一片(三片)普通口香糖 |
17:00 | 吸一支香烟,咀嚼一片(三片)普通口香糖 |
18:00 | 第五次尿液收集 |
表6.测试组临床实验
时间 | 测试细节 |
10:00 | 吸一支香烟,在喝下200ml水后咀嚼一片(三片)本发明的口香糖 |
10:30 | 吐出咀嚼后的口香糖,咀嚼一片(三片)本发明的口香糖 |
10:50 | 第一次尿液收集 |
11:00 | 吸一支香烟,在喝下200ml水后咀嚼一片(三片)本发明的口香糖 |
11:30 | 吐出咀嚼后的口香糖,咀嚼一片(三片)本发明的口香糖 |
11:50 | 第二次尿液收集 |
12:00 | 吸一支香烟,咀嚼一片(三片)本发明的口香糖 |
12:50 | 午饭时间(午饭后咀嚼一片(三片)本发明的口香糖并喝下200ml水) |
12:50 | 第三次尿液收集 |
13:00 | 吸一支香烟,在喝下200ml水后咀嚼一片(三片)本发明的口香糖 |
14:00 | 吸一支香烟,咀嚼一片(三片)本发明的口香糖 |
14:50 | 第四次尿液收集 |
15:00 | 吸一支香烟,在喝下200ml水后咀嚼一片(三片)本发明的口香糖 |
16:00 | 吸一支香烟,咀嚼一片(三片)本发明的口香糖 |
17:00 | 吸一支香烟,咀嚼一片(三片)本发明的口香糖 |
18:00 | 第五次尿液收集 |
实验收集到的尿液立即在零下20℃下储存,在48小时后取出进行可铁宁含量的定量分析,尿液中尼古丁的主代谢产物,使用DBA化验(Robertet al.,Clin.Chim.Acta.165:45-52,1987)。
定量分析的所有测试分别进行两次以提高测试的可靠性。该实验过程如下:
500μl的每种尿液或标准溶液加入到1.5ml测试管,250μl的4M醋酸钠缓冲液(pH4.7),100μl的1.5M KCN,100μl的0.4M氯胺-T和500μl 78mM巴比妥酸按顺序加入到丙酮/水(50/50,v/v)的测试管中,并与尿液或标准溶液充分混合10秒钟。得到的混合液在室温(22℃)和100rpm起反应,进行15分钟并用向混合液中加入100μl 1M偏亚硫酸氢钠来终止反应。通过测量在490nm波长反应溶液的吸光率使可铁宁量化,与可铁宁标准溶液对比,定量的结果如下面表7所示:
表7.可铁宁量化标准
可铁宁平均数(M) | 可铁宁增长比率(%) | |||||
控制组 | 测试组 | |||||
第一组 | 第二组 | 第一组 | 第二组 | 第一组 | 第二组 | |
第一次 | 39.578 | 28.961 | 51.422 | 41.978 | 29.92572 | 44.94665 |
第二次 | 29.049 | 16.735 | 33.725 | 29.636 | 16.09694 | 77.08993 |
第三次 | 35.106 | 21.731 | 34.462 | 29.427 | -1.83444 | 35.41485 |
第四次 | 38.367 | 23.729 | 50.45 | 37.167 | 31.49321 | 56.63113 |
第五次 | 21.854 | 16.657 | 26.854 | 28.961 | 22.87911 | 73.86684 |
表7显示了全部组中尿液中浓缩的可铁宁,可以确定尿液中浓缩的可铁宁在咀嚼本发明的口香糖的组比咀嚼普通口香糖的组增加从30%到80%。而且,对比每次咀嚼一片本发明口香糖每天咀嚼十次的第一组和每次咀嚼三片本发明口香糖的第二组,第二组比第一组可铁宁增加2-3倍。从而,也可以确认咀嚼本发明的口香糖数量的增加使尿液中可铁宁增加。
本测试结果使我们得出结论,通过咀嚼本发明的口香糖,由于吸烟造成的体内的尼古丁积累转为可铁宁并随尿液排出,其结果是咀嚼口香糖的人排除了体内的尼古丁。
例2
感官实验
例1中被指定做临床科目的36人,进行例2中生产的口香糖感官实验。结果列在下面的表8中。
表8.感官实验结果
项目 | 差 | 普通 | 好 | 优秀 |
味道 | 2 | 22 | 11 | |
咀嚼感受 | 2 | 22 | 9 | 3 |
尺寸 | 1 | 13 | 17 | 5 |
如表8所示,本发明的口香糖在味道、咀嚼感受和尺寸方面得到了高分。而且,通过测试者使用本发明的口香糖后吸烟欲望降低或不想吸烟的调查,25人确认吸烟欲望降低。本发明的口香糖可以用作对戒烟的支持。
工业应用性
如上所述,本发明提供了一可以消除尼古丁的口香糖成分。这种口香糖成分的功能是将吸烟后人体内的尼古丁转化为可铁宁,可铁宁随尿液排出。因此,通过咀嚼本发明的口香糖,不仅尼古丁可以从体内排除,由于尼古丁的大量减少,还可以减少癌症的发病率。
虽然为了说明发明目的描述了本发明的较佳实施例,本领域技术人员可以意识到的可能的各种修改、增加和替换,没有离开随后的权利要求揭示的范围和精神。
Claims (10)
1.一种消除尼古丁的口香糖成分,包括:
重量的0.01%至10%的具有消除尼古丁活性的物质,具有消除尼古丁活性的物质选自(i)绿茶、桑叶、白果、欧亚甘草、干桔皮、苹果、柠檬和芹菜混合物的提取物、(ii)栎精、(iii)五倍子酸表儿茶素、(iv)儿茶酚;
重量的50%至89%的糖类;和
重量的10%至40%的口香糖基体,所有均根据混合物的总重量。
3.根据权利要求1所述的口香糖成分,其中的糖类为食糖、葡萄糖、异麦芽糖和木糖醇。
4.根据权利要求1所述的口香糖成分,其中的糖类为糖浆,糖浆选自sortitol 80糖浆、淀粉糖浆、麦芽糖醇糖浆、山梨醇糖浆以混合物的总重量的0.01至20%的含量进一步加入混合物。
6.根据权利要求1所述的口香糖成分,其中至少一种选自包含香料、稳定剂、色素、乳化剂、增亮剂的制剂进一步添加到混合物中。
7.根据权利要求6所述的口香糖成分,其中的香料是选自包括薄荷香料、水果香料和草药香料的组。
8.根据权利要求6所述的口香糖成分,其中的稳定剂是选自包括阿拉伯树胶,凝胶和魔芋角叉菜胶的组。
9.根据权利要求6所述的口香糖成分,其中的色素为天然色素或人工染色剂。
10.根据权利要求9所述的口香糖成分,其中的天然色素为选自包括栀子花蓝色、栀子花黄色、焦糖色和葡萄皮提取色。
11.根据权利要求6所述的口香糖成分,其中的乳化剂为脂肪酸或蛋黄素的蔗糖酯。
12.根据权利要求6所述的口香糖成分,其中的增亮剂为巴西棕榈蜡或虫胶。
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KR1020020001327A KR100352030B1 (en) | 2002-01-10 | 2002-01-10 | Gum composition for removing nicotine |
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EP (1) | EP1327441B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2003212759A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100352030B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1191018C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE322253T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2002326173A1 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE60210407D1 (zh) |
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2002
- 2002-01-10 KR KR1020020001327A patent/KR100352030B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2002-08-14 WO PCT/KR2002/001551 patent/WO2003056931A1/en active Search and Examination
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ATE322253T1 (de) | 2006-04-15 |
CN1401257A (zh) | 2003-03-12 |
EP1327441A1 (en) | 2003-07-16 |
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JP2003212759A (ja) | 2003-07-30 |
KR100352030B1 (en) | 2002-09-11 |
US6958143B2 (en) | 2005-10-25 |
EP1327441B1 (en) | 2006-04-05 |
ES2261567T3 (es) | 2006-11-16 |
DE60210407D1 (de) | 2006-05-18 |
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US20030129145A1 (en) | 2003-07-10 |
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