CN1173742C - 缓释药物组合物 - Google Patents
缓释药物组合物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1173742C CN1173742C CNB988126664A CN98812666A CN1173742C CN 1173742 C CN1173742 C CN 1173742C CN B988126664 A CNB988126664 A CN B988126664A CN 98812666 A CN98812666 A CN 98812666A CN 1173742 C CN1173742 C CN 1173742C
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- Prior art keywords
- active substance
- sustained release
- pharmaceutical composition
- release pharmaceutical
- chloride
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 150000008040 ionic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 125000001165 hydrophobic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- WGJJROVFWIXTPA-OALUTQOASA-N prostanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCC[C@H]1CCC[C@@H]1CCCCCCC(O)=O WGJJROVFWIXTPA-OALUTQOASA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims description 113
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 85
- 150000002500 ions Chemical group 0.000 claims description 65
- 229960000686 benzalkonium chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 46
- CADWTSSKOVRVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl(dimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[NH+](C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 CADWTSSKOVRVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- -1 alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 25
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004141 Sodium laurylsulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 241001597008 Nomeidae Species 0.000 claims description 7
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- WOWHHFRSBJGXCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M cetyltrimethylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C WOWHHFRSBJGXCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- JBIROUFYLSSYDX-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzododecinium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JBIROUFYLSSYDX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- PXFDQFDPXWHEEP-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzyl-dimethyl-octylazanium;chloride Chemical group [Cl-].CCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 PXFDQFDPXWHEEP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- OCBHHZMJRVXXQK-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzyl-dimethyl-tetradecylazanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 OCBHHZMJRVXXQK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- DDXLVDQZPFLQMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M dodecyl(trimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C DDXLVDQZPFLQMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
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- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 3
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- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium group Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 2
- DLIJPAHLBJIQHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N butylphosphane Chemical compound CCCCP DLIJPAHLBJIQHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002242 deionisation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 6
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Abstract
离子药物活性物质的缓释药物组合物,包含与离子药物活性物质(除离子前列腺烷酸衍生物外)具有相反电荷并能提高活性物质疏水性的离子化合物。更具体地说,上述离子化合物是分子中具有疏水性基团的化合物。这些药物组合物可显示极好的长效作用,无论该离子药物活性物质所具有的水溶性如何。
Description
发明的领域
本发明涉及用于离子药物活性物质(除了离子前列腺烷酸衍生物之外)的缓释药物组合物。更具体地,本发明涉及缓释药物组合物,所述缓释药物组合物包含离子药物活性物质和与该离子药物活性物质具有相反电荷并增强离子药物活性物质疏水性的离子化合物。
相关技术
口服给药广泛地应用于药物活性物质的给药。在需要快速作用药物的同时,有时也需要既快速又持续作用的药物。在这种情况下,胃肠外给药一般与口服给药同时使用。关于胃肠外给药的制剂,已知有静脉内、皮下或肌肉注射剂;植入剂以及经口腔、鼻腔、肺、阴道、直肠、皮肤等的经粘膜制剂。这些途径中,注射剂是一般选择的给药途径。
然而,基于药物活性物质的性质,某些药物的缓释可产生胃肠外制剂上的困难。例如,这样的困难见于血中半衰期短、水溶性高和分子量低的药物活性物质。需要维持这些药物长时间的药理效应时,实际操作是经静脉滴入给药或频繁地皮下或肌肉注射。这样的治疗对患者来说无论身体或精神上都是负担。为了解决这一问题,已进行了很多研究以产生血液半衰期延长的药物活性物质或在药物活性物质和高分子量物质(如聚乙二醇)之间通过不可逆结合产生杂化物,从而延长药物活性物质在血中的半衰期。已研究了各种技术以控制药物活性物质的溶解度或从载体中溶解出来,这涉及到使药物活性物质在水中不能溶解或少溶解以延缓其溶解作用,或用可被生物降解的高分子量材料将药物活性物质微囊化。
例如,日本专利申请公开公报No.1-163199公开了将分子量高达约5,000或更高的有机酸(如海藻酸钠)加到细胞因子样白细胞介素2中,以达到等渗或更高的渗透压,然后将混合物振摇形成水不溶性物质,将此水不溶性物质用于注射用缓释组合物中。日本专利申请公开公报No.9-208485公开了包含从肽-蛋白质药物和EDTA形成的水溶性低的组合物的缓释制剂。
日本专利申请公开公报No.8-3055和8-217691公开了包含微胶囊的缓释制剂,该微胶囊是按如下方法得到的:将水溶性药物活性物质和水溶性多价金属盐混合,将所得的水不溶性混合物分散在可被生物降解的高分子量材料(如聚乳酸-乙醇酸共聚物)中。
另一方面,日本专利申请公开公报No.62-129226公开了透明质酸或其钠盐或Hylan使药物溶解或分散在溶液中,以达到主要取决于溶液粘度的从溶液中的连续释放。该出版物还公开了含阳离子基团的药物中,含羧基的透明质酸大分子和药物之间可出现离子交换,这种交换使药物从系统向外扩散减缓。作为利用透明质酸粘度的技术,日本专利申请公开公报No.1-287041公开了包含药物活性物质和透明质酸或其盐的适合于皮下或肌内给药的缓释制剂;日本专利申请公开公报No.2-213也公开了包含生理活性肽和透明质酸或其盐的缓释制剂。
然而,这样的利用透明质酸粘度的缓释制剂使药物活性物质从其掺入的粘性产物中快速扩散。甚至考虑到透明质酸和偶联于透明质酸粘度的阳离子药物之间的离子相互作用能力,溶出的延缓疑有不足。而且,从临床的观点看来,不仅阳离子,而且离子药物活性物质均未知有满意的缓释胃肠外制剂。特别在高水溶性离子药物活性物质的情况下,由于其高水溶性,通过利用高分子量物质的粘度延缓扩散的现有技术,不能达到满意程度的缓释。
日本专利申请公开公报No.53-18723公开了通过将胰岛素与季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂密切混合得到的一种直肠给药用组合物。
日本专利申请公开公报No.59-89619公开了一种在适合于鼻粘膜施用的液体稀释剂或载体中包含降钙素和苯扎氯铵的鼻内给药用液体药物组合物。
但是,这些公报出版物中描述的技术均针对通过直肠给药或鼻内给药改善药物的吸收,无一提及或提示涉及赋予离子复合物疏水性的药物的延缓释放。
发明的揭示
本发明的目的是提供离子药物活性物质缓释制剂,不管该药物活性物质的水溶性如何,均能达到临床使用满意的程度。
在前述技术水平下,本发明者旨在提供阴离子药物活性物质的缓释制剂,此物质需要通过胃肠外途径达到缓释,先加等摩尔量的阳离子化合物到阴离子药物活性物质中,通过阴离子和阳离子化合物之间的离子相互作用形成水溶性小的离子复合物,以期获得缓释效应。但是,所得的离子复合物给大鼠皮下注射,未达到满意的缓释作用。从而发现,阴离子药物活性物质的延缓溶解对于离子药物活性物质经胃肠外途径给药的缓释目的而言,是不够的。
为了进一步增加离子复合物的形成所伴随的药物活性物质的疏水性,本发明者考虑将辛醇/水分配系数作为疏水性指数。结果发现,根据阳离子化合物的种类,与离子复合物形成有关的阳离子药物活性物质的分配系数有差异,有较大分配系数的,得到较好的缓释效应。还发现,增加阳离子化合物的加入量和增加阴离子药物活性物质的分配系数,更可增强缓释效应。而且发现这些离子复合物出乎意料地显示极好的缓释效应,如果药物活性物质是水溶性的,甚至在水中维持溶解状态,即维持水溶液状态时也是如此。
本发明者确认,通过增加药物活性物质疏水性所获得的离子药物活性物质的缓释不仅对于阴离子药物活性物质而且对于各种阳离子药物都是有效的。迄今不知道可通过增加离子药物活性物质的疏水性获得缓释效应。基于对这种技术不但可施用于胃肠外制剂、而且可有益地施用于口服制剂的发现,完成了本发明。
(1)即本发明涉及缓释药物组合物,所述缓释药物组合物包含离子药物活性物质(除了离子前列腺烷酸衍生物之外)和与该离子药物活性物质具有相反电荷并增加该活性物质疏水性的离子化合物。
(2)本发明还涉及(1)所述缓释药物组合物,其中与该离子药物活性物质具有相反电荷并增加该活性物质疏水性的离子化合物在其分子中含有疏水性基团。
(3)本发明还涉及(1)或(2)所述缓释药物组合物,其中离子化合物增加离子药物活性物质的油/水分配系数。
(4)本发明还涉及(1)-(3)之一所述缓释药物组合物,其中按电荷比至少掺入基于离子药物活性物质等摩尔量的离子化合物。本发明的离子药物活性物质的缓释药物组合物,包含:除离子前列腺烷酸衍生物外的离子药物活性物质,及与该药物活性物质具有相反电荷并增加该活性物质疏水性的离子化合物,其中按电荷比掺入基于离子药物活性物质等量的离子化合物,其中与该离子药物活性物质具有相反电荷并增加该活性物质疏水性的离子化合物在其分子中含有疏水性基团。
本发明的缓释药物组合物特征在于加入特定的与离子药物活性物质相反的离子以增加离子药物活性物质的油/水分配系数,赋予其疏水性,使本发明的缓释药物组合物适合于例如注射。本发明的缓释作用借助不同于采用控制离子药物活性物质释放、使药物活性物质本身不溶解、用微囊化延缓活性物质溶解等常规技术的新方法来实现。此外,本发明的特征在于本发明中可使缓释达到完全满意的程度,而用这些已知的方法是达不到这种程度的。
下面对本发明的缓释药物组合物作更详细的描述。
本发明中所用的离子药物活性物质无特别限制,只要该物质是通常被药理学上提供用于治疗,并且对于口服或胃肠外给药其缓释作用是需要的。阴离子药物活性物质的例子包括解热抗炎药,如fulfenamic acid、甲芬那酸、水杨酸、吲哚美辛、阿氯芬酸、双氯芬酸、阿明洛芬、异丁普生、依托度酸、噁丙秦、酮洛芬、二氟尼柳、舒林酸、噻洛芬(tiaprofen)、托美丁、萘普生、非诺洛芬钙、普拉洛芬、氟比洛芬、罗索洛芬钠(sodium roxoprofen)、氯苯扎利二钠等;催眠安定剂,如异戊巴比妥钠等;局部麻醉药,如高泛酸等;肌肉松弛剂,如丹曲林等;解痉剂,如巴氯芬等;抗利尿剂,如呋塞米、依他尼酸、吡咯他尼等;抗高血压药,如卡托普利、依那普利、甲基多巴等;抗高血脂药,如普伐他汀;激素,如碘塞罗宁、左甲状腺素、磷酸倍他米松、琥珀酸泼尼松龙等;骨代谢改善剂,如minodronic acid等;止血剂,如硫酸卡巴克络、凝血酶、氨甲环酸等;治疗痛风药,如丙磺舒等;代谢辅助剂,如硫酸软骨素、三磷酸腺苷等;抗变态反应剂,如色甘酸、曲尼司特等;抗生素,如氨苄西林、头孢克洛、头孢氨苄、头孢匹胺、头孢替坦等;抗结核药,如对氨基水杨酸等;血液体液用药;肝脏疾病治疗药物,如葡糖醛酸等;维生素类,如生物素、泛酸钙等。这些阴离子药物活性物质可以是其药学上可接受的盐或其游离酸的形式。
阴离子药物活性物质也可能与肽的表达(例如,核酸,如DNA、RNA等)、高分子量或低分子量的转录调节剂及其抑制剂有关。
阳离子药物活性物质包括抗巴金森氏症药物,如盐酸金刚烷胺、盐酸比哌立登等;精神病药物,如盐酸氯丙嗪、奋乃静、马来酸奋乃静、盐酸米帕明、盐酸阿米替林等;局部麻醉剂,如盐酸普鲁卡因、盐酸利多卡因、盐酸辛可卡因等;肌肉松弛剂,如氯琥珀胆碱等;自主神经系统药物,如氯化乙酰胆碱、溴化甲基贝那替秦(methylbenactyzium bromide)、溴地斯的明、盐酸妥拉唑林等;解痉剂,如氢溴酸东莨菪碱、硫酸阿托品等;治疗心律失常药物,如盐酸普鲁卡因酰胺等;循环系统药物,如盐酸肼屈嗪、富马酸苄环烷等;抗高血压药,如盐酸氯磺洛尔、盐酸尼卡地平、硫酸倍他尼定等;血管扩张剂,如盐酸地尔硫等;止咳药,如盐酸麻黄碱、盐酸dl-甲麻黄碱等;消化性溃疡治疗剂,如法莫替丁等;泌尿生殖系药物,如盐酸tamsulosin等;止吐剂,如盐酸ramosetron等;血液和体液用药,如盐酸噻氯吡定等;烷化剂,如环磷酰胺等;抗组胺药,如盐酸苯海拉明、马来酸氯苯那敏等;抗生素,如盐酸酞氨西林等;抗肿瘤抗生素,如盐酸博来霉素、盐酸阿柔比星、硫酸长春碱等;维生素,如硝酸硫胺素等。这些阳离子药物活性物质也可以是其药学上可接受的盐或其游离碱的形式。
在药物活性物质为肽或蛋白质的情况下,根据组合物的pH,该物质可以是阴离子或阳离子。因此,考虑到对诸如肽或蛋白质稳定的pH范围,需要时可任意地选择带相反电荷的离子化合物。肽或蛋白质的例子包括新制癌菌素、新制癌菌素stilamer(SMANCS)、干扰素(如α、β、γ)、白细胞介素(如IL-1至IL-18)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)、促红细胞生成素(EPO)、粒细胞集落刺激因子(G-CSF)、巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(M-CSF)、粒细胞巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF)、血小板生成素(TPO)、血小板衍生生长因子、干细胞生长因子(SCF)、碱性或酸性成纤维细胞生长因子(FGF)或其一族、神经生长因子(NGF)或其一族、胰岛素样生长因子(IGF)、成骨因子一大族(如BMP1-BMP12)或转化生长因子(TGF-β)、肝细胞生长因子(HGF)、血小板衍生生长因子(PDGF)、表皮生长因子(EGF)、胰岛素、降钙素、胰高血糖素、人生长激素(hGH)、甲状旁腺素(PTH)、L-天冬酰胺酶、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、组织纤溶酶原激活物(t-PA)等。这些肽或蛋白质可具有天然存在的序列或具有改变的序列。或者,肽或蛋白质可以是经修饰的(如用聚乙二醇进行化学修饰)。肽或蛋白质还可作为单体或均聚物或杂聚物使用。
阴离子药物活性物质或阳离子药物活性物质较佳为合成离子药物活性物质。本发明排除离子前列腺烷酸衍生物,但某些化合物不在此列,如(±)-(1R*,2R*,3aS*,8bS*)-2,3,3a,8b-四氢-2-羟基-1-[(E)-(3S*)-3-羟基-4-甲基-1-辛烯-6-炔基]-1H-环戊二烯并〔b〕苯并呋喃-5-丁酸(通用名“beraprost”)或其盐,它可用日本公开公报No.58-124778所述方法制备,为了便于解释本发明的效应,在某些场合可以使用(市售beraprost的钠盐是抗血小板剂或血液流动改善剂,通用名“beraprost钠”,有时缩写为“BPS”)。
本发明中所用的离子药物活性物质的量无特别限制,只要在显示药理治疗效应的用量范围内即可。按照本发明,即使离子药物活性物质微溶于水,通过赋予疏水性,该物质也可享有易溶于水的物质同样有益的缓释作用。
用于本发明的与离子药物活性物质具有相反电荷并增加该衍生物疏水性的离子化合物无特别限制,但以含有高疏水性基团的物质为佳。离子化合物中存在高疏水性基团,可增加离子药物活性物质的疏水性。疏水性的程度可通过计算药物活性物质的油/水分配系数(即,药物活性物质在油相(如辛醇)中的浓度与药物活性物质在水相中的浓度之比)加以确定。较佳的是,当离子化合物加到离子药物活性物质的量使该化合物具有与该药物活性物质等量的电荷时,油/水分配系数与不加化合物时相比是增加的。更佳的是,当加到离子药物活性物质中的具有相反离子的化合物过量、产生更多电荷(如20倍于等量电荷)时,分配系数的增加大于加入等量电荷时。本发明的离子化合物中的术语“离子”用来表示化合物分子中含有一个或一个以上荷电基团。荷电基团在分子中起着亲水基团的作用。离子化合物还可含有不带电荷的其它亲水基团。较佳的是,离子化合物在分子中包含一个荷电基团。当药物活性物质是阴离子时,拟掺入的阳离子化合物以分子中含有铵、吡啶鎓、磷鎓或硫鎓为佳,或可以其盐的形式存在。更佳的是,阳离子化合物包含上述官能团,该官能团带有至少6个碳原子的疏水性基团。这样的阳离子化合物的例子有三烷基苄基铵盐,如苄基三乙基氯化铵、苄基三丁基氯化铵等;烷基二甲基苄基铵盐,如辛基二甲基苄基氯化铵、月桂基二甲基苄基氯化铵、肉豆蔻基二甲基苄基氯化铵、硬脂酰基二甲基苄基氯化铵、苯扎氯铵(月桂基二甲基苄基氯化铵和肉豆蔻基二甲基苄基氯化铵的混合物);苄索氯铵或其衍生物;烷基三甲基铵盐,如月桂基三甲基氯化铵、十六烷基三甲基氯化铵、二十二烷基三甲基氯化铵等;烷基吡啶盐,如氯化月桂基吡啶鎓、氯化十六烷基吡啶鎓等;烷基胺盐,如乙酸油胺、乙酸硬脂胺等;烷基鏻鎓盐,如氯化四丁基鏻鎓、氯化三(十六烷基) (4-乙烯基苄基)鏻鎓,或它们的衍生物。阳离子化合物的例子包括表面活性药物,如盐酸氯丙嗪、吩噻嗪、奋乃静、马来酸奋乃静、左美丙嗪、盐酸利多卡因、盐酸美普卡因、氯化乙酰胆碱、溴化双苯酯胺(methylbenactyzium bromide)、溴地斯的明、盐酸妥拉唑林、盐酸丙米嗪,盐酸地昔帕、明盐酸阿米替林、盐酸普鲁卡因、盐酸利多卡因、盐酸辛可卡因、美普卡因、盐酸苯海拉明、马来酸氯非尼拉明、异丙海汀等。这些阳离子化合物可以是药学上可接受的盐或游离碱的形式。较佳的盐为烷基二甲基苄基铵盐、烷基吡啶盐、烷基胺盐和烷基鏻鎓盐,更佳的是烷基二甲基苄基铵盐,最佳的是苯扎氯铵。这些化合物可两种或两种以上合用。在药物活性物质是阳离子时,本发明中作为离子化合物所加的阴离子化合物以分子中含有羧基、硫酸根、磺酸根或磷酸根为佳。更佳的是,阴离子化合物含有上述带有至少6个碳原子的疏水性基团的官能团。这些阴离子化合物的例子包括高级脂肪酸,如己酸、辛酸、癸酸、月桂酸、肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸等或其生理学上可接受的盐(如钠盐或钾盐);硫酸烷酯,如十二烷基硫酸钠、十四烷基硫酸钠等;烷基醚硫酸盐,如POE(2)月桂基乙醚硫酸钠等;烷基烯丙基磺酸盐,如月桂基磺基乙酸钠等;烷基磺酸盐,如十二烷基苯磺酸钠等;磺基琥珀酸盐;N-乙酰氨基酸盐,如月桂酰肌氨酸钠等;烷基磷酸盐,如月桂基磷酸钠等;烷基醚磷酸盐或其游离酸;胆酸或其盐,如脱氧胆酸钠等;及二烷基磷脂酸盐,如二棕榈酰磷脂酸钠等或其游离酸。阴离子化合物较佳的为油酸钠和/或十二烷基硫酸钠。这些化合物可以两种或两种以上合用。
所加离子化合物的量无特别规定,只要该化合物所加的量可大体上中和离子药物活性物质的电荷并增加药物活性物质的疏水性。离子化合物以加0.0001%-50%的量为佳,以0.001-10%为更佳,0.01-5%为最佳,均为w/w。离子化合物所加量可选择为生理上可接受量的上限显示所需缓释方式的量。所加离子化合物的量一般可按基于离子药物活性物质的摩尔比(电荷比)来确定,较佳为1-1,000之间。
关于本发明的缓释药物组合物的pH,其pH范围无特别限定,只要pH-般在生理学上可接受的范围内即可,但较佳为在3-8的范围内。可按本发明中所用的离子药物活性物质的稳定性,适当地确定pH。
本发明的缓释药物组合物可制成各种药物制剂形式,如水溶液、油性制剂、脂肪乳剂、乳剂、凝胶等,这些制剂可作为肌肉或皮下注射剂、或注射到器官的注射剂、或包埋制剂、或通过鼻腔、直肠、子宫、阴道、肺等的经粘膜制剂进行给药。本发明的组合物还可以口服制剂的形式给药(例如,固体制剂,如片剂、胶囊、颗粒剂或粉剂;液体制剂,如糖浆剂、乳剂或悬浮液)。特别是,注射剂是较佳的制剂形式。当组合物制成注射剂时,如果必需和愿意的话,组合物可包含已知的防腐剂、稳定剂、分散剂、pH调节剂或等渗剂。防腐剂的例子为甘油、丙二醇、苯酚、苯甲醇等。稳定剂的例子为右旋糖酐、明胶、乙酸生育酚、α-硫甘油等。分散剂的例子包括聚氧乙烯(20)山梨糖醇酐单油酸酯(吐温80)、失水山梨糖醇倍半油酸酯(Span 30)、聚氧乙烯(160)-聚氧丙烯(30)二醇(Pluronic F68)、聚氧乙烯氢化蓖麻油60等。pH调节剂的例子包括盐酸、氢氧化钠等。等渗剂的例子为葡萄糖、D-山梨醇、D-甘露糖醇等。
本发明的缓释药物组合物可以本身组合物的水溶液的形式给药,因为组合物本身显示缓释效应。但是,为了进一步增强缓释效应,可将组合物与如下添加成分一起配制:植物油,如豆油、芝麻油、山茶油、蓖麻油、花生油、菜籽油等;中级脂肪酸甘油三酯;脂肪酸酯,如油酸乙酯;聚硅氧烷衍生物等;或者,水溶性高分子量化合物,如透明质酸或其盐(重均分子量:ca.80,000-2,000,000)、羧甲基纤维素钠(重均分子量:ca.20,000-400,000)、羟丙基纤维素(2%水溶液的粘度:3-4,000cps)、祛脂胶原(atherocollagen)(重均分子量:ca.300,000)、聚乙二醇(重均分子量:ca.400-20,000)、聚氟乙烯(重均分子量ca.100,000-9,000,000)、羟丙基甲基纤维素(1%水溶液的粘度:4-100,000cSt)、甲基纤维素(2%水溶液粘度:15-8,000cSt)、聚乙烯醇(粘度:2-100cSt)、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(重均分子量:25,000-1,200,000)等。
本发明的缓释药物组合物中,较佳为离子药物活性物质维持在溶解状态,但可为悬浮液的形式,因为对外观无特别限制。
根据本发明缓释药物组合物或组合物中所含药物活性物质的量、疾病的种类、患者的年龄和体重、给药的频率等,可适当地选择本发明缓释药物组合物的剂量。但是,一般来说,剂量在0.1μg-10g范围内,较佳为10μg-1g。
附图的简要描述
图1显示试验例3中双氯芬酸的释放情况以测定实施例1和2及比较例1所得制剂的释放作用,试验在37℃、10ml磷酸盐缓冲液(pH 7.4)中进行。
图2显示试验例4中将实施例6、11和比较例2所得制剂给Wister系雄性大鼠(8周龄)背部皮下注射后血浆药物浓度的经时变化。
实施发明的最佳方式
下面用试验例、实施例和比较例对本发明作更详细的描述,但并不视为限于这些内容。
参考试验例1
在BPS的辛醇/磷酸盐缓冲液分配系数(PC)上所加阳离子化合物的比例和pH之间的关系
方法:
将BPS以240μg/ml的浓度溶解于pH 5-8的磷酸盐缓冲液中。将各种阳离子加到混合物中,得到与BPS等量的电荷或5倍于或20倍于BPS的电荷。加与水相等体积的辛醇到混合物中,然后于37℃振摇1小时。离心后,测量药物活性物质在水相中的浓度,计算分配系数。
结果和讨论:
结果,在pH 7时,苯扎氯铵加入量增加则PC增加。我们认为这是由于随着离子复合物的形成疏水程度增加,BPS分布在辛醇相中,从而当苯扎氯铵浓度变高时水相中存在的离子复合物形成的平衡移向复合物形成。关于pH,在pH升高时,酸性物质BPS的分配系数降低,但分配系数的降低被苯扎氯铵的加入所抑制。即,苯扎氯铵对BPS分配系数的效应大于高pH。加入氯化钠使溶液等渗(该溶液中包含20倍当量摩尔比的苯扎氯铵),BPS的分配系数降低。我们相信这是由于加入氯化钠可抑制离子复合物的形成。这支持了如下结论:离子复合物的形成参与加入苯扎氯铵所达到的增加BPS分配系数的效应。
试验例1
用关于分配系数的试验评估阳离子化合物
试验了各种阳离子的效应,观察这些阳离子是否会影响双氯酚酸钠(下面有时简称“DIC”)在辛醇/磷酸盐缓冲液(pH 7)中的分配系数。
方法:
将药物活性物质以240μg/ml的浓度溶解于水相中。将各种阳离子加到溶液中,得到与DIC等量的电荷或20倍于DIC的电荷。然后进行与参考试验例1中同样的步骤,计算分配系数。
结果和讨论
关于各种阳离子对药物活性物质分配系数的效应,代表性的结果见表1。阴离子药物活性物质分配系数的提高见于烷基苄基铵盐(如三乙基苄基氯化铵等)、烷基三甲基铵盐(如月桂基三甲基氯化铵等)、鏻鎓盐、盐酸利多卡因和盐酸美普卡因。但是,与未加任何离子化合物的分配系数比较,加入非离子化合物失水山梨糖醇倍半油酸酯(Span 30)和阴离子化合物十二烷基硫酸钠时,DIC分配系数未见变化(数据未显示在表1中);结果表明,对照化合物未观察到效应。再看无机盐(氯化镁)或疏水性小的化合物(盐酸精氨酸),这些化合物可形成复合物,但不能增加DIC的疏水性。因此,未见分配系数的增加。此外,阳离子羟乙基纤维素(Kachi-sero H-60,Kao Corp.制)和硫酸鱼精蛋白不影响分配系数。可能这些化合物含有阳离子基团代表的亲水性基团,以致恰因分子总体上具有高疏水性,因此就分子中存在其它疏水性基团而言即使形成复合物,也未给药物活性物质带来疏水性。
表1
所加阳离子
BPS的PC
DIC的PC
等量 过量20倍 等量 过量20倍
三乙基苄基氯化铵 - - 14.0 25.7
三丁基苄基氯化铵 24.5 140 42.9 1030
辛基二甲基苄基氯化铵 60.9 568 75.5 6220
月桂基二甲基苄基氯化铵 71.2 1220 2780 12000
肉豆蔻基二甲基苄基氯化铵 64.5 1210 110 12300
十八烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵 62.3 1350 1850 9640
苄索氯铵 70.8 1180 54.6 9320
月桂基三甲基氯化铵 83.5 985 596 11700
十六烷基三甲基氯化铵 91.6 935 490 7690
十八烷基三甲基氯化铵 83.4 995 1050 7190
二十二烷基三甲基氯化铵 59.5 - 1120 -
氯化月桂基吡啶鎓 75.0 1200 239 -
氯化十六烷基吡啶鎓 77.8 1070 255 9060
乙酸油胺 30.4 473 62.2 3700
乙酸硬脂胺 32.6 158 97.3 1020
盐酸利多卡因 17.1 37.5 13.9 51.0
盐酸美普卡因 17.7 53.3 16.8 209
氯化四丁基鏻鎓 - - 45.2 1190
氯化三(十六烷基)(4-乙烯 - - 164 10300
基苄基)鏻鎓
无 16.2 13.1
结果揭示,当药物活性物质是阴离子时,具有相反电荷(如季铵或鏻鎓基)和高疏水性取代基(如6个或6个以上碳原子的疏水性基团)的化合物显示增加阴离子药物活性物质疏水性的效应。
参考试验例2
用关于分配系数的试验评估阳离子化合物
试验了各种阳离子的效应,观察这些阳离子是否会影响BPS在辛醇/磷酸盐缓冲液(pH 7)中的分配系数。
方法及结果和讨论与试验例1相同。所得的结果与试验例1的结果共同列入表1。
试验例2
用关于分配系数的试验评估阴离子化合物
试验了各种阴离子的效应,观察这些阴离子是否会影响盐酸tamsulosin在辛醇/磷酸盐缓冲液(pH 7)中的分配系数。
方法:
将盐酸tamsulosin以100μg/ml的浓度溶解于水相中。将各种阴离子加到混合物中,得到与该药物等量的电荷或5倍或20倍于该药物的电荷。然后进行与参考试验例1中同样的步骤,计算分配系数。
结果和讨论
关于各种阴离子对盐酸tamsulosin分配系数的效应,代表性的结果见表2。脂肪酸或其盐(在本试验中是钠盐)增加的分配系数与加入量(无、等量、×20)相关。特别是十二烷基硫酸钠(一种磺酸烷酯)显示高分配系数。但是,用于对照的Span 30(一种阴离子化合物)和苯扎氯铵(一种阳离子化合物)显示与不加入离子化合物时等价或较低的分配系数(数据未列于表2)。用酒石酸、辛二酸、癸二酸、羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC-Na)、透明质酸钠和EudragitL,未见分配系数增加。据信,由于这些化合物中所含的亲水性和疏水性基团之间的平衡亲水性较强,以致即使形成复合物,活性物质的疏水性也增加不足。
表2
所加的阴离子 油酸tamsulosin的分配系数
等量 过量(×20)
己酸钠 4.21 4.93
辛酸钠 4.55 6.28
癸酸钠 4.48 5.74
月桂酸钠 - 8.87
油酸钠 - 5.38
脱氧胆酸钠 4.18 4.82
十二烷基硫酸钠 5.93 85.0
无 3.87
上面的结果揭示,当药物活性物质是阳离子时,具有相反电荷(如羧基或硫酸根)和高疏水性取代基(如6个或6个以上碳原子的疏水性基团)的化合物显示增加阳离子药物活性物质疏水性的效应。
实施例1和2
凝胶制剂
将0.1份DIC和0.36份阳离子化合物(苯扎氯铵或十六烷基三甲基铵氯化物)溶于89.54份水后,在溶液中加入10份HPC-M。将混合物搅拌,完全溶胀后得到凝胶制剂(表3)。
表3
实施例 1 2
DIC 0.1 0.1
苯扎氯铵 0.36 -
十六烷基三甲基铵氯化物 - 0.36
HPC-M 10 10
水 89.54 89.54
比较例1
除了不加苯扎氯铵外,用类似于实施例1的方法制备用于组合物的凝胶制剂。
实施例3-7
凝胶制剂
将0.1份DIC和苯扎氯铵溶于水后,在溶液中加入5份HPC-M。将混合物搅拌,完全溶胀后得到凝胶制剂(表4)。
表4
实施例 3 4 5 6 7
DIC 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
苯扎氯铵 0.11 0.36 1.1 2.2 5.5
HPC-M 5 5 5 5 5
水 94.79 94.54 93.8 92.7 89.4
实施例8-11
液体制剂
在水中溶解0.1份DIC和苯扎氯铵,得到液体制剂(表5)。
表5
实施例 8 9 10 11
DIC 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1
苯扎氯铵 0.11 0.36 1.1 2.2
水加至 100 100 100 100
比较例2
除了不加苯扎氯铵外,用类似于实施例8-11的方法制备用于组合物的液体制剂。
实施例12-15
凝胶制剂
将阴离子药物活性物质(水杨酸钠、非诺洛芬钙)和阳离子化合物(苯扎氯铵、十六烷基三甲基铵氯化物)溶于水中,在溶液中加入10份HPC-M。将混合物搅拌,完全溶胀,得到凝胶制剂(表6)。
表6
实施例 12 13 14 15
水杨酸钠 0.02 0.02 - -
非诺洛芬钙 - - 0.02 0.02
苯扎氯铵 0.36 - 0.36 -
十六烷基三甲基铵氯化物 - 0.36 - 0.36
HPC-M 10 10 10 10
水 89.62 89.62 89.62 89.62
实施例16-18
凝胶制剂
将阴离子药物活性物质(cefpiramid钠盐、minodronic acid)和阳离子化合物(苯扎氯铵、十六烷基三甲基铵氯化物)溶于水,在溶液中加入10份HPC-M。将混合物搅拌,完全溶胀,得到凝胶制剂(表7)。
表7
实施例 16 17 18
Cefpiramid钠盐 0.02 0.02 -
Minodronic acid - - 0.02
苯扎氯铵 0.36 - 0.36
十六烷基三甲基铵氯化物 - 0.36 -
HPC-M 10 10 10
水 89.62 89.62 89.62
实施例19-22
凝胶制剂
将阳离子药物活性物质(盐酸Tamulosin、盐酸Ramosetron)和阴离子化合物(油酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠)溶于水后,在溶液中加HPC-M。将混合物搅拌,完全溶胀后得到凝胶制剂(表8)。
表8
实施例 19 20 21 22
盐酸Tamsulosin 0.02 0.02 - -
盐酸Ramosetron - - 0.02 0.02
油酸钠 0.36 - 0.36 -
十二烷基硫酸钠 - 0.36 - 0.36
HPC-M 10 10 10 10
水 89.62 89.62 89.62 89.62
比较例3
除了不加油酸钠或十二烷基硫酸钠之外,按实施例19和20类似的方法制备用于组合物的凝胶制剂。
试验例3
体外释放试验的效应
对实施例1和2、比较例1和实施例12、13、14、15、16、17和18所得的各种凝胶制剂分别作37℃、10ml磷酸盐缓冲液(pH 7.4)中活性物质的释放评估。
释放试验的结果见图1。根据结果,证实在分配系数试验中疏水性增强的季铵盐延缓释放。而在一些比较例中未见延缓释放。
试验例4
大鼠体内效应(所加阳离子量的效应)
将实施例3-7的凝胶制剂、实施例8-11和比较例2的液体制剂分别给Wistar系雄性大鼠(8周龄)作背部皮下注射,以测定活性物质血浆浓度的经时变化。
结果见图2,血浆浓度与时间的关系。根据结果,活性物质血浆浓度的变化显示与所加苯扎氯铵量有关的缓释型式,提示该缓释型式可通过改变所加量得到控制。相反,一些比较例中未见缓释作用。
试验例5
体外释放试验的效应
对实施例19和20、比较例3和实施例2和22所得的各种凝胶制剂分别作37℃、10ml磷酸盐缓冲液(pH 7.4)中活性物质的释放评估。
根据结果,证实在分配系数试验中疏水性增强的烷基有机酸盐有缓释作用。而在一些比较例中未见缓释作用。
参考实施例1
凝胶制剂
将0.024重量份(以下称作“份”)BPS和0.29份辛基二甲基苄基氯化铵(其摩尔量调整到相当于0.36份苯扎氯铵)溶于89.686份水,在溶液中加入10份羟丙基纤维素(商品名:HPC-M)。将混合物搅拌、充分溶胀,得到凝胶制剂。
参考实施例2-9
凝胶制剂
除了用表9中所示其它阳离子化合物代替参考实施例1中的辛基二甲基苄基氯化铵外,用类似于参考实施例1的方法制备具有与参考实施例1同样重量份的凝胶制剂。
表9
参考实施例 阳离子化合物
2 月桂基二甲基苄基氯化铵
3 肉豆蔻基二甲基苄基氯化铵
4 十八烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵
5 月桂基三甲基氯化铵
6 十六烷基三甲基氯化铵
7 十八烷基三甲基氯化铵
8 二十二烷基三甲基氯化铵
9 苄索氯铵
参考比较例1-3
将0.024份BPS溶于水后,在溶液中加入10份HPC-M。然后将混合物搅拌,充分溶胀得到凝胶制剂。再分别将盐酸精氨酸和硫酸镁加到上述制剂中,得到凝胶制剂。这些制剂用作参考比较例(表10)。
表10
参考比较例 1 2 3
BPS 0.024 0.024 0.024
盐酸精氨酸 - 0.1 -
硫酸镁7H2O - - 0.1
HPC-M 10 10 10
水 89.976 89.876 89.876
参考试验例3
使用各种阳离子的凝胶制剂的体外释放试验
对参考实施例1-9和参考比较例1-3所得的各种凝胶制剂分别作37℃、10ml磷酸盐缓冲液(pH 7.4)中活性物质的释放评估。
根据结果,证实在分配系数试验(参考试验例2)中显示增加疏水性的季铵盐延缓释放。另一方面,参考试验中未见硫酸镁和盐酸精氨酸有缓释作用,而它们是与被证实几乎不提高分配系数的氯化镁类似的二价无机金属盐。这些结果提示,增加分配系数和缓释效应之间具有相互关系。
参考实施例10
凝胶制剂
将0.024份BPS和0.02份苯扎氯铵溶于89.958份水中,然后向溶液中加入10份HPC-M。将混合物搅拌,充分溶胀得到凝胶制剂。
参考实施例11-17
凝胶制剂
用类似于参考实施例10的方法制备具有表11中所示量的BPS、苯扎氯铵、HPC-M和水的凝胶制剂。
参考比较例4
除了不加苯扎氯铵外,用类似于参考实施例17的方法制备组合物用凝胶制剂。
表11
参考实施例 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
BPS 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002
苯扎氯铵 0.1 0.2 0.36 0.002 0.1 0.2 0.36
HPC-M 10 10 10 5 5 5 5
水 89.876 89.776 89.616 94.996 94.898 94.798 94.638
参考试验例4
所加相反离子的量对凝胶制剂释放的效应
用参考实施例11-13和参考比较例1中所得的制剂,在37℃、10ml磷酸盐缓冲液(pH 7.4)中进行释放试验。
结果揭示,本发明的制剂中BPS的释放与参考比较例相比明显地得到控制,而且释放的延缓与相反离子苯扎氯铵的加入量相关。
参考试验例5
大鼠体内试验中苯扎氯铵加入量的效应
分别将参考实施例17和参考比较例4所得的凝胶制剂给Wistar系雄性大鼠(8周龄)背部皮下注射。测定血浆中活性物质浓度的经时变化。
与比较例相比,本发明的制剂(加苯扎氯铵)中活性物质血浆浓度的变化显示缓释作用。从前述体外试验结果(参考试验例4)中,也考虑到缓释方式受所加苯扎氯铵量的控制。
参考实施例18
液体制剂
在99.638份水中溶解0.002份BPS和0.36份苯扎氯铵,得到液体制剂。
参考比较例5
液体制剂
除了不加苯扎氯铵外,用类似于参考实施例18的方法制备用于对照的液体制剂。
参考实施例19
乳剂制剂
将0.002份BPS和0.36份苯扎氯铵溶于94.638份水后,向溶液中加入5份豆油。用微量流化床装置制备乳剂制剂(12,000psi,室温,10分钟)。
参考实施例20-24
乳剂制剂
用类似于参考实施例19的方法制备具有表12所示量的BPS、苯扎氯铵、其它添加剂(表面活性剂、油等)和水的乳剂制剂。
表12
实施例 20 21 22 23 24
BPS 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002
苯扎氯铵 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36
Pluronic F68 1.8 - - 1.8 -
吐温80 - 1.8 - - 1.8
豆油 10 10 - - -
芝麻油 - - 5 10 10
浓甘油 2.21 2.21 - 2.21 2.21
水加至 100 100 100 100 100
参考实施例25
将0.002份BPS和0.36份苯扎氯铵溶于2份乙醇中后,向溶液中加入豆油,使体积为100份。从而制得油状制剂。
参考实施例26-30
油状制剂
将BPS和苯扎氯铵溶于醇(乙醇、苄醇、苯甲酸苄酯)中后,向溶液中加入表13中所示量的油(豆油、芝麻油),使体积为100份。从而制得油状制剂。
表13
实施例 26 27 28 29 30
BPS 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002
苯扎氯铵 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36
乙醇 - - 2 - -
苄醇 2 5 - 2 5
苯甲酸苄酯 20 - - 20 -
豆油至 100 100 - - -
芝麻油至 - - 100 100 100
参考实施例31-34
凝胶制剂
将0.002份BPS和0.36份苯扎氯铵溶于水后,向溶液中加入凝胶基质(CMC-Na、透明质酸钠、祛脂胶原、明胶)。将混合物搅拌,充分溶胀,得到凝胶制剂(表14)。
表14
实施例 31 32 33 34
BPS 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002
苯扎氯铵 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36
CMC-Na 3 - - -
透明质酸钠 - 2.5 - -
祛脂胶原 - - 2 -
明胶 - - - 10
水 96.638 97.138 97.638 89.638
参考实施例35-38
乳膏制剂
将0.002份BPS和0.36份苯扎氯铵溶于水后,向溶液中加入凝胶基质(HPC-M、CMC-Na、透明质酸钠、祛脂胶原)。将混合物搅拌,得到乳膏制剂(表15)。
表15
参考实施例 35 36 37 38
BPS 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002
苯扎氯铵 0.36 0.36 0.36 0.36
HPC-M 5 - - -
CMC-Na - 3 - -
透明质酸钠 - - 2.5 -
祛脂胶原 - - - 2
水 74.638 76.638 77.138 77.638
豆油 20 20 20 20
参考试验例6
大鼠体内试验
将参考实施例18和参考比较例5所得的液体制剂、参考实施例19-21所得的乳剂制剂、参考实施例25-28所得的油状制剂及参考实施例31-38所得的凝胶制剂或乳膏制剂分别给Wistar系雄性大鼠(8周龄)背部皮下注射,测定血浆中药物浓度的经时变化。
结果揭示,各制剂通过加入相反离子获得了缓释效应。相反,一些参考比较例未见缓释效应。
工业实用性
本发明用于提供缓释组合物,它显示极好的对离子药物活性物质(除了前列腺烷酸衍生物外)的缓释作用,无论该离子药物活性物质的水溶性如何。本发明的缓释作用借助不同于包括采用延缓离子药物活性物质释放、使药物活性物质本身不溶解、通过微囊化延缓活性物质溶解等常规技术的技术来实现。本发明也用于通过本发明使缓释达到用现有技术不能达到的完全满意的程度。
本发明的药物组合物不仅以注射剂的形式,而且以包括植入剂、经粘膜和口服制剂等所有其它药物制剂的形式,可获得极好的缓释效应。
Claims (11)
1.离子药物活性物质的缓释药物组合物,包含:除离子前列腺烷酸衍生物外的离子药物活性物质,及与该药物活性物质具有相反电荷并增加该活性物质疏水性的离子化合物,其中按电荷比掺入基于离子药物活性物质等量的离子化合物,
其中与该离子药物活性物质具有相反电荷并增加该活性物质疏水性的离子化合物在其分子中含有疏水性基团。
2..如权利要求1所述的缓释药物组合物,其中离子化合物增加离子药物活性物质的油/水分配系数。
3.如权利要求1所述的缓释药物组合物,其中离子药物活性物质是阴离子。
4.如权利要求3所述的缓释药物组合物,其中离子化合物是分子中含有选自铵、吡啶鎓、鏻鎓和硫鎓的基团的化合物或其盐。
5.如权利要求4所述的缓释药物组合物,其中离子化合物包含选自以下盐的至少一种:选自辛基二甲基苄基氯化铵、月桂基二甲基苄基氯化铵、肉豆蔻基二甲基苄基氯化铵、硬脂酰基二甲基苄基氯化铵、苯扎氯铵的烷基二甲基苄基铵盐;选自月桂基三甲基氯化铵、十六烷基三甲基氯化铵、二十二烷基三甲基氯化铵的烷基三甲基铵盐;选自氯化月桂基吡啶鎓、氯化十六烷基吡啶鎓的烷基吡啶盐;选自乙酸油胺、乙酸硬脂胺的烷基胺盐;选自氯化四丁基鏻鎓、氯化三(十六烷基)(4-乙烯基苄基)鏻鎓的烷基鏻鎓盐。
6.如权利要求1所述的缓释药物组合物,其中离子化合物为苯扎氯铵。
7.如权利要求3所述的缓释药物组合物,其中离子药物活性物质是合成的离子药物活性物质。
8.如权利要求1所述的缓释药物组合物,其中离子药物活性物质是阳离子。
9.如权利要求8所述的缓释药物组合物,其中离子化合物是分子中含有羧基、硫酸根、磺酸根或磷酸根的化合物或其盐。
10.如权利要求9所述的缓释药物组合物,其中离子化合物是十二烷基硫酸钠和/或油酸钠。
11.如权利要求8所述的缓释药物组合物,其中离子药物活性物质是合成的离子药物活性物质。
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-
1998
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- 1998-12-25 CN CNB988126664A patent/CN1173742C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-12-25 US US09/582,384 patent/US6328979B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-12-25 WO PCT/JP1998/005916 patent/WO1999033491A1/ja active IP Right Grant
- 1998-12-25 WO PCT/JP1998/005915 patent/WO1999033490A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-12-25 AU AU16896/99A patent/AU735147B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-12-25 KR KR1020007007072A patent/KR20010033562A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-12-25 CN CN988126923A patent/CN1132632C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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CN1283123A (zh) | 2001-02-07 |
AU735147B2 (en) | 2001-07-05 |
CN1132632C (zh) | 2003-12-31 |
KR20010033645A (ko) | 2001-04-25 |
CA2316485C (en) | 2008-01-22 |
US6328979B1 (en) | 2001-12-11 |
AU742250B2 (en) | 2001-12-20 |
AU1689799A (en) | 1999-07-19 |
AU1689599A (en) | 1999-07-19 |
WO1999033490A1 (fr) | 1999-07-08 |
CA2316485A1 (en) | 1999-07-08 |
AU1689699A (en) | 1999-07-19 |
EP1043031A4 (en) | 2007-05-02 |
EP1043030A1 (en) | 2000-10-11 |
CA2316539A1 (en) | 1999-07-08 |
EP1043031A1 (en) | 2000-10-11 |
CN1283122A (zh) | 2001-02-07 |
KR20010033562A (ko) | 2001-04-25 |
CA2316539C (en) | 2008-11-18 |
EP1043030A4 (en) | 2007-05-02 |
KR100591027B1 (ko) | 2006-06-22 |
WO1999033491A1 (fr) | 1999-07-08 |
WO1999033489A1 (fr) | 1999-07-08 |
NZ505163A (en) | 2002-11-26 |
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