CN115462293A

CN115462293A - Wheat and ginger continuous cropping planting method

Info

Publication number: CN115462293A
Application number: CN202211224660.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙大勇; 赵广博; 董汉营; 董长江
Original assignee: Axe Shanghai Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Axe Shanghai Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-10-09
Filing date: 2022-10-09
Publication date: 2022-12-13

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the field of agricultural planting, and provides a wheat and ginger continuous cropping planting method which comprises the following steps: step one, carrying out rotary tillage and arrangement on a field after wheat is harvested, determining an idle area and a planting area, and arranging a spraying device and/or a drip irrigation device in the idle area; step two, mixing and adding a rhizopus sinensis culture medium in the planting area to form a planting area; cultivating ginger seedlings in a nutrition cup, and transplanting the cultivated ginger seedlings and the nutrition cup to a planting area according to a preset plant spacing; step three, managing the ginger growth process: carrying out drip irrigation on the planting area by using a full-element nutrient solution; spraying and inducing resistance nutrient solution on the leaf surfaces of ginger seedlings; harvesting the ginger within a preset time from the growing period of the ginger to the frost; the invention can realize that: 1. the income of common people and the grain of China are increased; 2. the soil quality of the soil is adjusted, so that the land utilization rate is increased; 3. the transplanting efficiency of the ginger seedlings is improved; 4. the facility investment is reduced.

Description

Wheat and ginger continuous cropping planting method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of agricultural planting, in particular to a wheat and ginger continuous cropping planting method.

Background

The traditional ginger planting process is that large blocks of seed ginger (about 1200 jin/mu) are broken into small blocks and placed in an environment with proper temperature for germination acceleration, in the prior art, heat insulation materials such as cotton quilts are mainly used for covering stacked ginger seeds, then the covered ginger seeds are subjected to interlayer heating through manual fire generation or an electric blanket to form ginger buds, and then the ginger buds are transplanted into a ready planting ditch for further growth. Wherein, the whole cultivation process has the following technical problems:

1. in the prior art, the ginger planting period is one harvest in one year (generally, rainwater begins to accelerate germination, is planted at the time of Qingming, is harvested at the time of Frost descent, and the land in the period of Qingming from the time of Frost descent to the year is in an idle state), so that the land for planting the ginger is not effectively utilized, and the waste of land resources is caused;

2. due to the growth characteristics of the gingers (the dependence on the organic matter content in soil is particularly high), the soil seedling pressure is high, the soil hardening phenomenon even occurs at the later seedling stage, and the conventional ginger planting generally adopts a crop rotation planting method (alternate planting is carried out on two lands) to reduce the soil pressure, but the utilization rate of the soil is further reduced;

3. the labor cost is high and the planting efficiency is low: the traditional ginger planting method is that ginger seeds after germination accelerating are manually placed in planting furrows to be planted one by one;

4. high facility investment: after the existing ginger seeds with accelerated sprouting are transplanted into the planting furrows, a layer of film 8 (to improve the resistance of the ginger seedlings to the external environment) needs to be covered on the planting areas, and the film is supported by bamboo splints 7 (shown in figure 4). According to the calculation cost of one mu, 500 bamboo strips with the length of 2.5 meters and 1250 square films with the width of 2.5 meters are required to be put in.

In view of the foregoing, it is apparent that the prior art has inconvenience and disadvantages in practical use, and thus, needs to be improved.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects, the invention aims to provide a wheat and ginger continuous cropping planting method, which can realize the following steps: 1. the income of common people and the grain of China are increased; 2. the soil quality of the soil is adjusted, so that the land utilization rate is increased; 3. the transplanting efficiency of ginger seedlings is improved; 4. the facility investment is reduced; 5. the management cost of the ginger in the seedling stage is saved.

In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a ginger cultivation process method, which comprises the following steps: step one, formatting field soil: carrying out rotary tillage and arrangement on a field after wheat is harvested, determining an idle area and a planting area, and arranging a spraying device and/or a drip irrigation device in the idle area; step two, establishing an innovation induction resistance system: adding ginger rhizobacteria culture medium in the planting area to form a planting area; cultivating ginger seedlings in a nutrition cup which is convenient to separate, and transplanting the cultivated ginger seedlings and the nutrition cup to a planting area according to a preset plant spacing; step three, managing the ginger growth process: carrying out drip irrigation on a planting area by using a full-element nutrient solution, wherein the full-element nutrient solution comprises beta-polypeptide and/or resistance-inducing nutrient solution; spraying and inducing resistance nutrient solution on the leaf surfaces of ginger seedlings; step four, plant harvesting: harvesting is carried out within a preset time before the ginger grows to frost, and preparation is made for planting wheat of the next crop.

According to the wheat and ginger continuous cropping planting method, in the second step, 100 parts by weight of the ginger rhizobacteria culture medium mixed in the soil comprises the following components: carbon energy is 0.0015 to 0.0025, beta-polypeptide is 0.00045 to 0.00055, induced resistance nutrient solution is 0.00045 to 0.00055 and the balance of soil; wherein in the second step or the third step, 100 parts by weight of the induced resistance nutrient solution comprises the following components: comprises 0.0005 to 0.0015 of chitosan oligosaccharide; 0.00045 to 0.00055 percent of vitamin C; resveratrol 0.0005-0.0015; 0.0005 to 0.0015 of nicotinic acid; beta-polypeptide 0.005-0.015; the balance of water; the above ingredients were titrated in order.

According to the continuous cropping planting method of the wheat and ginger, 100 parts by weight of the carbon energy comprises 25-35% of carbon nanotubes and 65-75% of animal nutrition manure, wherein the animal nutrition manure is cow manure or sheep manure.

According to the wheat and ginger continuous cropping planting method, the main component of the carbon nano-tube is the straw layer; the straw layer is prepared by fermenting wheat straws.

According to the continuous cropping planting method of the wheat and ginger, in the third step, when the resistance nutrient solution is induced by drip irrigation, drip irrigation is carried out according to the drip irrigation for every 10-15 days per mu, and the dosage of each drip irrigation is 500-1000 milliliters.

According to the wheat and ginger continuous cropping planting method, in the first step, the idle areas and the fixed planting areas are arranged at intervals, and the fixed planting areas are 15-20 cm deep and 15-25 cm wide; the idle area is 65-75 cm wide; the plant spacing is 15-20 cm.

According to the continuous cropping planting method of the wheat and ginger, in the second step, in the third step, when the beta-polypeptide is subjected to drip irrigation, the drip irrigation is carried out according to the drip irrigation time of 10-15 days per mu, and the dosage of each drip irrigation is 5-10 kg.

According to the continuous cropping planting method of the wheat and ginger, in the third step, when the full-element nutrient solution is subjected to drip irrigation, the drip irrigation is carried out according to the drip irrigation for 10-15 days per mu, and the dosage of each drip irrigation is 5-10 kg.

According to the wheat and ginger continuous cropping planting method, in the fourth step, the preset time is 8-12 days.

According to the wheat and ginger continuous cropping planting method, in the second step, mechanical transplanting is adopted for transplanting ginger seedlings.

The invention provides a wheat and ginger continuous cropping planting method, which comprises the following steps: step one, formatting field soil: carrying out rotary tillage and arrangement on a field after wheat is harvested, determining an idle area and a planting area, and arranging a spraying device and/or a drip irrigation device in the idle area; the wheat and the ginger are planted in a continuous cropping mode, the utilization rate of the land is increased, the yield of one batch of wheat is increased on the existing ginger planting land, and therefore the income of common people and the grain increment of the nation are increased; step two, establishing an innovation induction resistance system: the ginger rhizobia culture medium is added into the planting area in a mixing manner to form a planting area, the ginger rhizobia culture medium can effectively increase the fertility degree of soil quality, and the problem of soil hardening caused by organic matrix loss in the soil in the existing ginger planting process is solved; the ginger seedlings are cultivated in the nutrition cups which are convenient to separate, and the cultivated ginger seedlings and the nutrition cups are transplanted to a planting area according to the preset plant spacing, wherein the advantages of the step include four aspects, one is that the ginger seedlings and the nutrition cups are transplanted, so that the transplanting mode of mechanical transplanting is facilitated; secondly, because the soil quality of the soil mixed with the rhizobium zingiberensis culture medium is very close to the components of the medium in the nutrition cup, the root of the ginger seedling can better adapt to the growth environment after transplantation after the nutrition cup is separated, and the survival of the ginger seedling is ensured; thirdly, because the ginger seedlings grow in the greenhouse in the early stage of cultivation, festering or other insect pests of the ginger seedlings in the early stage are avoided, so that the ginger seedlings grow more vigorously, and the ginger seedlings can better resist the external severe environment after being transplanted out of the greenhouse without the construction of bamboo strips and films, thereby reducing the facility cost investment; fourthly, the management cost of the ginger in the seedling stage is saved, and the labor cost of base fertilizer, base pesticide, seedling strengthening fertilizer, punching, film removing and the like is mainly included; step three, managing the ginger growth process: carrying out drip irrigation on a planting area by using a full-element nutrient solution, wherein the full-element nutrient solution comprises beta-polypeptide and/or resistance-inducing nutrient solution; spraying and inducing resistance nutrient solution on the leaf surfaces of ginger seedlings; step four, plant harvesting: and harvesting the ginger within a preset time from the growing period of the ginger to the frost. The invention can realize that: 1. the income of common people and the grain of China are increased; 2. the soil quality of the soil is adjusted, so that the land utilization rate is increased; 3. the transplanting efficiency of the ginger seedlings is improved; 4. the facility investment is reduced; 5. the management cost of the ginger in the seedling stage is saved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a diagram of a planting area and a vacant area;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the feeding cup;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a growing area;

FIG. 4 is a view showing the structure of a bamboo strip for a cover film and a support film after ginger is transplanted in the prior art;

in the figure, 1-a planting area, 2-ginger seedlings, 3-a matrix, 4-a nutrition cup, 5-an idle area, 6-a drip irrigation device or a spraying device, 7-bamboo strips and 8-a film.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, it being understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the invention provides a wheat and ginger continuous cropping planting method, which comprises the following steps: carrying out rotary tillage and arrangement on a field after wheat is harvested, and determining an idle area and a planting area, wherein the idle area 5 and the planting area 1 are arranged at intervals, and the planting area is H15-20 cm in depth and L15-25 cm in width; the width of the idle area is 65-75 cm, and a spraying device and/or a drip irrigation device 6 (any one of the devices is selected for single use or the two devices are combined for use) is arranged in the idle area; the wheat and the ginger are planted in a continuous cropping mode, the utilization rate of land is increased, the yield of one batch of wheat is increased on the existing ginger planting land, and therefore the income of people and the grain increment of the nation are increased.

Step two, establishing an innovation induction resistance system:

adding a rhizobium zingiberensis culture medium in the planting area in a mixing manner to form a planting area, wherein the rhizobium zingiberensis culture medium can effectively increase the fertility degree of soil, and solve the problem of soil hardening caused by the loss of organic matrix in the soil in the existing ginger planting process, wherein the rhizobium zingiberensis culture medium mixed in 100 parts by weight of soil comprises the following components: carbon energy is 0.0015-0.0025, beta-polypeptide is 0.00045-0.00055, induced resistance nutrient solution is 0.000045-0.000055, and the balance of soil; wherein 100 parts by weight of the carbon energy comprises 25-35% of carbon nanotubes and 65-75% of animal nutrition manure, wherein the animal nutrition manure is cow manure or sheep manure, and further, the carbon nanotubes mainly comprise a straw layer; the straw layer is prepared by fermenting wheat straws. An example of the culture medium of rhizobia of ginger is shown in table 1.

TABLE 1

Wherein 100 parts by weight of the induced resistance nutrient solution comprises the following components: comprises 0.0005 to 0.0015 of chitosan oligosaccharide; 0.00045 to 0.00055 percent of vitamin C; resveratrol 0.0005-0.0015; 0.0005 to 0.0015 weight percent of nicotinic acid; beta-polypeptide 0.005-0.015; the balance of water; the above components (the combined components of the resistance-inducing nutrient solution) were titrated in order; examples of selection of resistance-inducing nutrient solutions are shown in Table 2.

TABLE 2

Cultivating ginger seedlings 2 in a nutrition cup 4 which is convenient to detach, wherein a substrate 3 for providing nutrition for the ginger seedlings is filled in the nutrition cup, and transplanting the cultivated ginger seedlings and the nutrition cup to a planting area according to a preset plant spacing; the method has the advantages that the method has four aspects, one is that the ginger seedlings and the nutrition cups are transplanted, so that the transplanting mode of mechanical transplanting is more facilitated; secondly, because the soil quality of the soil mixed with the rhizobium zingiberensis culture medium is very close to the components of the medium in the nutrition cup, the root of the ginger seedling can better adapt to the growth environment after transplantation after the nutrition cup is separated, and the survival of the ginger seedling is ensured; thirdly, because the ginger seedlings grow in the greenhouse in the early stage of cultivation, festering or other insect pests of the ginger seedlings in the early stage are avoided, so that the ginger seedlings grow more vigorously, the ginger seedlings can better resist the external severe environment after being transplanted out of the greenhouse, and the construction of bamboo strips and films is not needed, so that the facility cost investment is reduced; fourthly, the management cost of the ginger in the seedling stage is saved, and the labor cost of base fertilizer, base pesticide, seedling strengthening fertilizer, punching, film removing and the like is mainly included;

wherein, the nutrition cup adopts a structure which is convenient to be separated, such as manual tearing or after the ginger seedling grows to a preset size, the root of the ginger seedling penetrates out of the nutrition cup (the structure of the nutrition cup exists in the prior art, and the detailed description is not provided herein). The main purpose of adopting the structure of the nutrition cup is to facilitate the root of the ginger seedling transplanted into the field to penetrate out of the nutrition cup (without being bound by the nutrition cup) and extend into the soil mixed with the culture medium of the rhizobium zingiberensis.

Step three, managing the ginger growth process:

drip-irrigating a planting area with a full-element nutrient solution (managing the roots of ginger seedlings), wherein the full-element nutrient solution comprises beta-polypeptide and/or an induced resistance nutrient solution (the induced resistance nutrient solution has the same components as the induced resistance nutrient solution); that is, the beta-polypeptide and the induced resistance nutrient solution may be mixed and dripped, or may be dripped separately in a sequential manner. Spraying and inducing resistant nutrient solution on the surfaces of the ginger seedlings (managing the buds and leaves of the ginger seedlings); wherein, when the induced resistance nutrient solution is drip-irrigated or sprayed, the drip-irrigation or the spraying is carried out according to the dosage of 500 to 1000 milliliters per mu every 10 to 15 days; drip irrigation or spraying was performed according to the examples in table 3.

Days per mu	10 days	12 days	13 days	15 days
					Amount of the composition	500 ml of	700 ml	800 ml of	1000 ml of

TABLE 3

When the beta-polypeptide is subjected to drip irrigation, the drip irrigation is carried out according to the dosage of 5-10 kilograms per mu per 10-15 days; drip irrigation was performed according to the examples in table 4.

Days per mu	10 days	12 days	13 days	15 days
					Dosage of	5 kg	6 kg	7 kg of	10 kg of

TABLE 5

When the full-element nutrient solution is subjected to drop irrigation, the drop irrigation is carried out every 10 to 15 days per mu, and the dosage of the drop irrigation is 5 to 10 kilograms per time. Drip irrigation was performed according to the examples in table 5.

TABLE 6

Step four, plant harvesting:

and harvesting the ginger within 8-12 days before the frost.

Because most of the time of the whole ginger seedling cultivation process is cultivated in the greenhouse, the influence of the external environment is small (the influence degree of the ginger seedlings by seasons is reduced), all environmental indexes in the greenhouse are controllable, and the optimal growth environment can be provided for the growth of the ginger seedlings. And because the existing greenhouse cultivation technology is relatively mature, the adjustment of each index in the greenhouse is controlled by a computer, manual intervention is not needed, the labor cost is reduced, the survival rate of ginger seedlings is relatively improved, and the ginger seedlings do not need to be protected (the constructive cost is reduced). The cultivation process of the whole ginger seedlings can be monitored in real time in a greenhouse, nutrient solution can be supplied to the ginger seedlings according to the growth conditions of the ginger seedlings, so that the ginger seedlings grow more vigorously, and the external severe environment can be better resisted after the ginger seedlings are transplanted to a field.

Step six: and mechanically transplanting the seedlings after the seedlings reach a preset height, wherein the preset height is more than 20cm.

Through the seedling raising process, the weight of ginger seeds of the ginger is reduced to 300 jin from 1200 jin originally, the original 66% of germination accelerating survival rate is improved to 99%, the emergence rate is improved to 99% from 85% originally, and the comprehensive survival rate (germination accelerating survival rate/emergence rate) is improved to 98% from 56% originally.

In conclusion, the invention provides a wheat and ginger continuous cropping planting method which is characterized by comprising the following steps: step one, formatting field soil: carrying out rotary tillage and arrangement on a field after wheat is harvested, determining an idle area and a planting area, and arranging a spraying device and/or a drip irrigation device in the idle area; the wheat and the ginger are planted in a continuous cropping mode, the utilization rate of the land is increased, the yield of one batch of wheat is increased on the existing ginger planting land, and therefore the income of common people and the grain increment of the nation are increased; step two, establishing an innovation induction resistance system: adding a rhizobium rhizogenes culture medium into the planting area to form a planting area, and solving the problem of soil hardening caused by organic matrix deficiency in the existing soil by increasing the fertility degree of the rhizobium rhizogenes culture medium in the increased soil; the method has the advantages that the ginger seedlings are transplanted together with the nutrition cups to the planting area according to the preset plant spacing, and the transplanting mode of mechanical transplanting is facilitated by the first step of transplanting the ginger seedlings together with the nutrition cups; secondly, because the soil quality of the soil mixed with the rhizobium zingiberensis culture medium is very close to the components of the medium in the nutrition cup, after the nutrition cup is degraded, the root of the ginger seedling can better adapt to the growth environment after transplantation, and the survival rate of the ginger seedling is improved; thirdly, because the ginger seedlings grow in the greenhouse in the early stage of cultivation, the ginger seedlings grow more vigorously and resist the external severe environment after being transplanted out of the greenhouse, and the construction of bamboo strips and films is not needed, so that the facility cost investment is reduced; step three, managing the ginger growth process: carrying out drip irrigation on a planting area by using a full-element nutrient solution, wherein the full-element nutrient solution comprises beta-polypeptide and/or resistance-inducing nutrient solution; spraying and inducing resistance nutrient solution on the leaf surfaces of ginger seedlings; step four, plant harvesting: harvesting the ginger within a preset time period from the growing period of the ginger to the frost.

The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof, and it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. The wheat and ginger continuous cropping planting method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step one, formatting field soil:

carrying out rotary tillage and arrangement on a field after wheat is harvested, determining an idle area and a planting area, and arranging a spraying device and/or a drip irrigation device in the idle area;

step two, establishing an innovation induction resistance system:

adding ginger rhizobacteria culture medium in the planting area to form a planting area;

cultivating ginger seedlings in a nutrition cup which is convenient to separate, and transplanting the cultivated ginger seedlings and the nutrition cup to a planting area according to a preset plant spacing;

step three, managing the ginger growth process:

carrying out drip irrigation on the planting area by using a full-element nutrient solution, wherein the full-element nutrient solution comprises beta-polypeptide and/or resistance-inducing nutrient solution;

spraying and inducing resistance nutrient solution on the leaf surfaces of ginger seedlings;

step four, plant harvesting:

harvesting is carried out within a preset time before the ginger grows to frost, and preparation is made for planting wheat of the next crop.

2. The method for planting wheat and ginger continuous cropping according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, 100 parts by weight of the ginger rhizobacteria culture medium mixed in the soil comprises the following components: carbon energy is 0.0015-0.0025, beta-polypeptide is 0.00045-0.00055, induced resistance nutrient solution is 0.00045-0.00055 and the rest of soil;

in the second step or the third step, 100 parts by weight of the induced resistance nutrient solution comprises the following components: comprises 0.0005 to 0.0015 of chitosan oligosaccharide; 0.00045 to 0.00055 percent of vitamin C; resveratrol 0.0005-0.0015; 0.0005 to 0.0015 of nicotinic acid; beta-polypeptide 0.005-0.015; the balance of water; the above ingredients were titrated in order.

3. The wheat and ginger continuous cropping planting method according to claim 2, wherein 100 parts by weight of the carbon energy comprises 25-35% of carbon nanotubes and 65-75% of animal nutrition manure, wherein the animal nutrition manure is cow manure or sheep manure.

4. The method for planting the wheat and ginger crops as claimed in claim 3, wherein the carbon nanotubes are mainly composed of a straw layer; the straw layer is prepared by fermenting wheat straws.

5. The method for planting the wheat and ginger continuous cropping crops as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that in the third step, when the resistance nutrient solution is induced by drip irrigation, drip irrigation is carried out according to the drip irrigation for 10-15 days per mu, and the dosage of each drip irrigation is 500-1000 ml.

6. The wheat and ginger continuous cropping planting method according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, the idle areas and the fixed planting areas are arranged at intervals, and the fixed planting areas are 15-20 cm deep and 15-25 cm wide; the idle area is 65-75 cm wide; the plant spacing is 15-20 cm.

7. The method for planting the wheat and ginger continuous cropping according to claim 1, wherein in step three, when the beta-polypeptide is subjected to drip irrigation, the drip irrigation is carried out according to the drip irrigation for 10-15 days per mu, and the dosage of each drip irrigation is 5-10 kg.

8. The continuous cropping planting method for wheat and ginger according to claim 1, characterized in that in step three, when the full-element nutrient solution is subjected to drip irrigation, the drip irrigation is carried out according to the drip irrigation dosage of 5-10 kg per mu every 10-15 days.

9. The wheat and ginger continuous cropping planting method according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, the predetermined time is 8-12 days.

10. The wheat and ginger continuous cropping planting method according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, mechanical transplanting is adopted for transplanting ginger seedlings.