CN108391567A - A kind of high yield cultivating method of sweet potato - Google Patents
A kind of high yield cultivating method of sweet potato Download PDFInfo
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- CN108391567A CN108391567A CN201810113706.7A CN201810113706A CN108391567A CN 108391567 A CN108391567 A CN 108391567A CN 201810113706 A CN201810113706 A CN 201810113706A CN 108391567 A CN108391567 A CN 108391567A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high yield cultivating methods of sweet potato, include the following steps：（1）Select potato kind and the processing of potato kind：It selects potato wedge to plant, is placed in carbendazim solution and impregnates, take out, dry, it is spare；（2）Seedbed arranges：Select sandy loam as seedbed, application of mixed fertilizers deep ploughs, and digs nursery hole, is first cheating bottom paving attapulgite clay layer, is repaving pine needle soil layer；（3）Sowing：Sweet potato seed is evenly spaced in nursery hole, spray disinfectant, watering covers mulch；（4）Seedling management：First control nursery hole temperature is 30~35 DEG C, is kept for 5~8 days, then is cooled to 25~30 DEG C, until emergence, waits for that seedling is grown to 10 centimetres, hardening, until seedling is grown to 20cm, plant division, transplanting；（5）Transplanting；（6）Field management;（7）Harvesting：It digs pit, harvests sweet potato.The high yield cultivating method breeding emergence rate of the sweet potato is high, shoot survival percent is high while Ipomoea batatas production is high, in good taste.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to sweet potato planting technology fields, and in particular to a kind of high yield cultivating method of sweet potato.
Background technology
Sweet potato is the more favorite food of China people, and especially in the northern area of China, people even more like edible red
Potato, although sweet potato China cultivated area than wide, still, the Yield comparison of sweet potato is low per acre, therefore, in order to
The income for improving plant personnel, needs the implantation methods for improving existing sweet potato.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of high yield cultivating methods of sweet potato, solve the problems in above-mentioned background technology, described red
The high yield cultivating method breeding emergence rate of potato is high, shoot survival percent is high while Ipomoea batatas production is high, in good taste.
It is of the existing technology in order to solve the problems, such as, it adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of high yield cultivating method of sweet potato, includes the following steps：
（1）Select potato kind and the processing of potato kind：Select no disease pest, without it is damaged, be of moderate size, potato wedge shape is rectified, potato skin is smooth, not
Potato wedge by freeze injury is planted, and is placed in carbendazim solution and is impregnated 30~50 minutes, takes out, dries, spare；
（2）Seedbed arranges：Select it is leeward on the sunny side, draining is good, and level of ground water is low, and topography is flat, loose fertile, aseptic sand
As seedbed, application of mixed fertilizers deep ploughs matter loam, digs nursery hole, and hole is 20~30 centimetres deep, 2~3 meters long, 1~2 meter wide,
Then the pine needle soil layer for first spreading the attapulgite clay layer of 3~6 cm thicks in hole bottom, repaving thickness as 2~5 cm thicks, it is spare；
（3）Sowing：By step（1）Treated, and sweet potato seed is evenly spaced in nursery hole, and spray disinfectant disappears to nursery hole
Then poison spreads the soil that thickness is 7~12 centimetres, watering, until ground moistening, covers mulch；
（4）Seedling management：First control nursery hole temperature is 30~35 DEG C, is kept for 5~8 days, then be cooled to 25~30 DEG C, until going out
Seedling waits for that seedling is grown to 10 centimetres, opens mulch, ventilation, carries out hardening, until seedling is grown to 20cm, then plant division, transplanted；
（5）Transplanting：Planting site is ploughed deeply, soil block is beaten carefully, and ridging is managed after applying " potato worm net " 2~3kg per acre and applying fertilizer to the subsoil
Moisture in the soil selects the plantation of fine day ridging rainy day, digs plantation hole, and the root of ipomoea batatas seedling is embedded in nursery hole, then uses soil by root
Compacting, will be slightly compressed in the middle part of ipomoea batatas seedling on ground, is used in combination soil pressure to live in the middle part of ipomoea batatas seedling, ipomoea batatas seedling is avoided to bounce, and be supported with soil
The firmly top of ipomoea batatas seedling ensures ipomoea batatas seedling Upper vertical；
（6）Field management:Ipomoea batatas seedling is grown in a natural environment, and application mixed fertilizer is primary within every 2 months, meets the arid time suitable
Amount watering, and carry out weeding, remove pest and disease damage, before sweet potato harvests the previous moon prosperous enlarging agent is controlled to ipomoea batatas seedling sprinkling;
（7）Harvesting：It digs pit, harvests sweet potato.
Preferably, the step（1）The weight of middle potato kind is 200~300g.
Preferably, the step（2）Mixed fertilizer includes the component of following parts by weight：10~20 parts of decomposed corncob, farmers'
15~30 parts of fertilizer, 8~17 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 4~9 parts of urea, 2~3 parts of oriental wormwood, 1~2 part of Achnatherum inebrians, 3~5 parts of cloves.
Preferably, the step（3）Middle thimerosal is 500 times of dilutions of carbendazim.
Preferably, the seedling management further includes that rupture of membranes puts seedling；Weeding；Except pest and disease damage；After planting 20 days, according to soil tide
Wet degree, keeps the skin wet.
Preferably, the step（5）Middle 50~75cm of row spacing, the high 30cm in ridge, furrow width 20cm.
Preferably, the step（5）The distance between plantation hole is 25~50cm.
Preferably, the step（5）In apply fertilizer to the subsoil per acre 100~150kg, the component includes the group of following parts by weight
Point：20~30 parts of animal wastes, 10~15 parts of plant ash, 23~35 parts of potash fertilizer, 8~14 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 7~15 parts of phosphate fertilizer.
Compared with prior art, the present invention it has the advantages that：
The high yield cultivating method breeding emergence rate of sweet potato of the present invention is high, shoot survival percent height while Ipomoea batatas production are high, mouthfeel
It is good, it is specific as follows：
（1）The high yield cultivating method of sweet potato of the present invention handles sweet potato kind using display, is cheated again to sweet potato nursery
It is handled, improves the structure sheaf in sweet potato potato seedling growth nursery hole, by the way that Concave-convex clay rod layer and pine needle soil layer, control ground is arranged
Temperature in film, it is ensured that keeping amount and water of the sweet potato in seedling raising process improve the emergence rate of sweet potato, while spray disinfectant
Liquid, and hardening is carried out after emergence, the diseases and insect pests resistance of potato seedling growth is effectively improved, to improve the survival rate of potato seedling growth；
（2）The high yield cultivating method of sweet potato of the present invention is in potato seedling growth using ridge is big, ridge is high and the method for surface planting so that sweet potato
Growing environment is largely improved, and heat insulation effect is good, good permeability so that sweet potato knot potato is mostly fast with growth, realizes pair
Nutritional ingredient absorbs, and after sweet potato grows into certain time limit, is expanded before sweet potato harvests the previous moon to ipomoea batatas seedling sprinkling control is prosperous
Element, and then the speed of growth of sweet potato is improved, the weight of the single stem tuber of sweet potato is improved, the yield of sweet potato is increased.
Specific implementation mode
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific examples.These embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention and do not have to
In limiting the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is related to a kind of high yield cultivating method of sweet potato, includes the following steps：
（1）Select potato kind and the processing of potato kind：Select no disease pest, without it is damaged, be of moderate size, potato wedge shape is rectified, potato skin is smooth, not
Potato wedge by freeze injury is planted, and is placed in carbendazim solution and is impregnated 30 minutes, takes out, dries, spare；
（2）Seedbed arranges：Select it is leeward on the sunny side, draining is good, and level of ground water is low, and topography is flat, loose fertile, aseptic sand
As seedbed, application of mixed fertilizers deep ploughs matter loam, digs nursery hole, hole is 20 centimetres deep, 2 meters long, 1 meter wide, is then first cheating
Bottom spreads the attapulgite clay layer of 3 cm thicks, repaves the pine needle soil layer that thickness is 2 cm thicks, spare；
（3）Sowing：By step（1）Treated, and sweet potato seed is evenly spaced in nursery hole, and spray disinfectant disappears to nursery hole
Then poison spreads the soil that thickness is 7 centimetres, watering, until ground moistening, covers mulch；
（4）Seedling management：First control nursery hole temperature is 30~35 DEG C, is kept for 5 days, then be cooled to 25~30 DEG C, until emergence,
Wait for that seedling is grown to 10 centimetres, open mulch, ventilation, carry out hardening, until seedling is grown to 20cm, then plant division, transplanted；
（5）Transplanting：Planting site is ploughed deeply, soil block is beaten carefully, ridging reason moisture in the soil, choosing after applying " potato worm net " 2kg per acre and applying fertilizer to the subsoil
The plantation of fine day ridging rainy day is selected, plantation hole is dug, the root of ipomoea batatas seedling is embedded in nursery hole, is then compacted root with soil,
It will be slightly compressed on ground in the middle part of ipomoea batatas seedling, be used in combination soil pressure to live in the middle part of ipomoea batatas seedling, avoid ipomoea batatas seedling from bouncing, sweet potato is supported with soil
The top of seedling ensures ipomoea batatas seedling Upper vertical；
（6）Field management:Ipomoea batatas seedling is grown in a natural environment, and application mixed fertilizer is primary within every 2 months, meets the arid time suitable
Amount watering, and carry out weeding, remove pest and disease damage, before sweet potato harvests the previous moon prosperous enlarging agent is controlled to ipomoea batatas seedling sprinkling;
（7）Harvesting：It digs pit, harvests sweet potato.
Wherein, the step（1）The weight of middle potato kind is 200~300g.
Wherein, the step（2）Mixed fertilizer includes the component of following parts by weight：10 parts of decomposed corncob, 15 parts of farm manure,
8 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 4 parts of urea, 2 parts of oriental wormwood, 1 part of Achnatherum inebrians, 3 parts of cloves.
Wherein, the step（3）Middle thimerosal is 500 times of dilutions of carbendazim.
Wherein, the seedling management further includes that rupture of membranes puts seedling；Weeding；Except pest and disease damage；After planting 20 days, according to soil moisture
Degree keeps the skin wet.
Wherein, the step（5）Middle row spacing 50cm, the high 30cm in ridge, furrow width 20cm.
Wherein, the step（5）The distance between plantation hole is 25cm.
Wherein, the step（5）In apply fertilizer to the subsoil per acre 100kg, the component includes the component of following parts by weight：Animal excreta
Just 20 parts, 10 parts of plant ash, 23 parts of potash fertilizer, 8 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 7 parts of phosphate fertilizer.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is related to a kind of high yield cultivating method of sweet potato, includes the following steps：
（1）Select potato kind and the processing of potato kind：Select no disease pest, without it is damaged, be of moderate size, potato wedge shape is rectified, potato skin is smooth, not
Potato wedge by freeze injury is planted, and is placed in carbendazim solution and is impregnated 50 minutes, takes out, dries, spare；
（2）Seedbed arranges：Select it is leeward on the sunny side, draining is good, and level of ground water is low, and topography is flat, loose fertile, aseptic sand
As seedbed, application of mixed fertilizers deep ploughs matter loam, digs nursery hole, hole is 30 centimetres deep, 3 meters long, 2 meters wide, is then first cheating
Bottom spreads the attapulgite clay layer of 6 cm thicks, repaves the pine needle soil layer that thickness is 5 cm thicks, spare；
（3）Sowing：By step（1）Treated, and sweet potato seed is evenly spaced in nursery hole, and spray disinfectant disappears to nursery hole
Then poison spreads the soil that thickness is 12 centimetres, watering, until ground moistening, covers mulch；
（4）Seedling management：First control nursery hole temperature is 30~35 DEG C, is kept for 8 days, then be cooled to 25~30 DEG C, until emergence,
Wait for that seedling is grown to 10 centimetres, open mulch, ventilation, carry out hardening, until seedling is grown to 20cm, then plant division, transplanted；
（5）Transplanting：Planting site is ploughed deeply, soil block is beaten carefully, ridging reason moisture in the soil, choosing after applying " potato worm net " 3kg per acre and applying fertilizer to the subsoil
The plantation of fine day ridging rainy day is selected, plantation hole is dug, the root of ipomoea batatas seedling is embedded in nursery hole, is then compacted root with soil,
It will be slightly compressed on ground in the middle part of ipomoea batatas seedling, be used in combination soil pressure to live in the middle part of ipomoea batatas seedling, avoid ipomoea batatas seedling from bouncing, sweet potato is supported with soil
The top of seedling ensures ipomoea batatas seedling Upper vertical；
（6）Field management:Ipomoea batatas seedling is grown in a natural environment, and application mixed fertilizer is primary within every 2 months, meets the arid time suitable
Amount watering, and carry out weeding, remove pest and disease damage, before sweet potato harvests the previous moon prosperous enlarging agent is controlled to ipomoea batatas seedling sprinkling;
（7）Harvesting：It digs pit, harvests sweet potato.
Wherein, the step（1）The weight of middle potato kind is 200~300g.
Wherein, the step（2）Mixed fertilizer includes the component of following parts by weight：20 parts of decomposed corncob, 30 parts of farm manure,
17 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 9 parts of urea, 3 parts of oriental wormwood, 2 parts of Achnatherum inebrians, 5 parts of cloves.
Wherein, the step（3）Middle thimerosal is 500 times of dilutions of carbendazim.
Wherein, the seedling management further includes that rupture of membranes puts seedling；Weeding；Except pest and disease damage；After planting 20 days, according to soil moisture
Degree keeps the skin wet.
Wherein, the step（5）Middle row spacing 75cm, the high 30cm in ridge, furrow width 20cm.
Wherein, the step（5）The distance between plantation hole is 50cm.
Wherein, the step（5）In apply fertilizer to the subsoil per acre 150kg, the component includes the component of following parts by weight：Animal excreta
Just 30 parts, 15 parts of plant ash, 35 parts of potash fertilizer, 14 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 15 parts of phosphate fertilizer.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is related to a kind of high yield cultivating method of sweet potato, includes the following steps：
（1）Select potato kind and the processing of potato kind：Select no disease pest, without it is damaged, be of moderate size, potato wedge shape is rectified, potato skin is smooth, not
Potato wedge by freeze injury is planted, and is placed in carbendazim solution and is impregnated 40 minutes, takes out, dries, spare；
（2）Seedbed arranges：Select it is leeward on the sunny side, draining is good, and level of ground water is low, and topography is flat, loose fertile, aseptic sand
As seedbed, application of mixed fertilizers deep ploughs matter loam, digs nursery hole, hole is 25 centimetres deep, 2.5 meters long, 1.5 meters wide, then first
It is spare in the pine needle soil layer that hole bottom spreads the attapulgite clay layer of 5 cm thicks, repaves thickness as 4 cm thicks；
（3）Sowing：By step（1）Treated, and sweet potato seed is evenly spaced in nursery hole, and spray disinfectant disappears to nursery hole
Then poison spreads the soil that thickness is 10 centimetres, watering, until ground moistening, covers mulch；
（4）Seedling management：First control nursery hole temperature is 30~35 DEG C, is kept for 7 days, then be cooled to 25~30 DEG C, until emergence,
Wait for that seedling is grown to 10 centimetres, open mulch, ventilation, carry out hardening, until seedling is grown to 20cm, then plant division, transplanted；
（5）Transplanting：Planting site to be ploughed deeply, soil block is beaten carefully, ridging reason moisture in the soil after applying " potato worm net " 2.6kg per acre and applying fertilizer to the subsoil,
The plantation of fine day ridging rainy day is selected, plantation hole is dug, the root of ipomoea batatas seedling is embedded in nursery hole, is then pressed root with soil
It is real, it will be slightly compressed on ground in the middle part of ipomoea batatas seedling, be used in combination soil pressure to live in the middle part of ipomoea batatas seedling, avoid ipomoea batatas seedling from bouncing, supported with soil
The top of ipomoea batatas seedling ensures ipomoea batatas seedling Upper vertical；
（6）Field management:Ipomoea batatas seedling is grown in a natural environment, and application mixed fertilizer is primary within every 2 months, meets the arid time suitable
Amount watering, and carry out weeding, remove pest and disease damage, before sweet potato harvests the previous moon prosperous enlarging agent is controlled to ipomoea batatas seedling sprinkling;
（7）Harvesting：It digs pit, harvests sweet potato.
Wherein, the step（1）The weight of middle potato kind is 200~300g.
Wherein, the step（2）Mixed fertilizer includes the component of following parts by weight：14 parts of decomposed corncob, 25 parts of farm manure,
13 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 6 parts of urea, 2.5 parts of oriental wormwood, 1.4 parts of Achnatherum inebrians, 3.8 parts of cloves.
Wherein, the step（3）Middle thimerosal is 500 times of dilutions of carbendazim.
Wherein, the seedling management further includes that rupture of membranes puts seedling；Weeding；Except pest and disease damage；After planting 20 days, according to soil moisture
Degree keeps the skin wet.
Wherein, the step（5）Middle row spacing 65m, the high 30cm in ridge, furrow width 20cm.
Wherein, the step（5）The distance between plantation hole is 45cm.
Wherein, the step（5）In apply fertilizer to the subsoil per acre 130kg, the component includes the component of following parts by weight：Animal excreta
Just 25 parts, 12 parts of plant ash, 28 parts of potash fertilizer, 10 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 11 parts of phosphate fertilizer.
It chooses and embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3 and the cultivation of sweet potato in the prior art is respectively adopted four identical pieces ofly
Culture method carries out the cultivation of sweet potato, and the sweet potato of prior art cultivation observes the upgrowth situation of sweet potato, be recorded into down as a comparison case
Table：
| Group | Emergence rate | Survival rate | Per mu yield |
| Embodiment 1 | 92% | 98% | 3500kg |
| Embodiment 2 | 93% | 97% | 3600kg |
| Embodiment 3 | 95% | 99% | 3700kg |
| Comparative example | 85% | 92% | 2900kg |
As can be seen from the above table, the emergence rate of the high yield cultivating method of sweet potato of the present invention, survival rate and per mu yield are high
In the prior art.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described above.It is to be appreciated that the invention is not limited in above-mentioned
Particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make various deformations or amendments within the scope of the claims, this not shadow
Ring the substantive content of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of high yield cultivating method of sweet potato, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
（1）Select potato kind and the processing of potato kind：Select no disease pest, without it is damaged, be of moderate size, potato wedge shape is rectified, potato skin is smooth, not
Potato wedge by freeze injury is planted, and is placed in carbendazim solution and is impregnated 30~50 minutes, takes out, dries, spare；
（2）Seedbed arranges：Select it is leeward on the sunny side, draining is good, and level of ground water is low, and topography is flat, loose fertile, aseptic sand
As seedbed, application of mixed fertilizers deep ploughs matter loam, digs nursery hole, and hole is 20~30 centimetres deep, 2~3 meters long, 1~2 meter wide,
Then the pine needle soil layer for first spreading the attapulgite clay layer of 3~6 cm thicks in hole bottom, repaving thickness as 2~5 cm thicks, it is spare；
（3）Sowing：By step（1）Treated, and sweet potato seed is evenly spaced in nursery hole, and spray disinfectant disappears to nursery hole
Then poison spreads the soil that thickness is 7~12 centimetres, watering, until ground moistening, covers mulch；
（4）Seedling management：First control nursery hole temperature is 30~35 DEG C, is kept for 5~8 days, then be cooled to 25~30 DEG C, until going out
Seedling waits for that seedling is grown to 10 centimetres, opens mulch, ventilation, carries out hardening, until seedling is grown to 20cm, then plant division, transplanted；
（5）Transplanting：Planting site is ploughed deeply, soil block is beaten carefully, and ridging is managed after applying " potato worm net " 2~3kg per acre and applying fertilizer to the subsoil
Moisture in the soil selects the plantation of fine day ridging rainy day, digs plantation hole, and the root of ipomoea batatas seedling is embedded in nursery hole, then uses soil by root
Compacting, will be slightly compressed in the middle part of ipomoea batatas seedling on ground, is used in combination soil pressure to live in the middle part of ipomoea batatas seedling, ipomoea batatas seedling is avoided to bounce, and be supported with soil
The firmly top of ipomoea batatas seedling ensures ipomoea batatas seedling Upper vertical；
（6）Field management:Ipomoea batatas seedling is grown in a natural environment, and application mixed fertilizer is primary within every 2 months, meets the arid time suitable
Amount watering, and carry out weeding, remove pest and disease damage, before sweet potato harvests the previous moon prosperous enlarging agent is controlled to ipomoea batatas seedling sprinkling;
（7）Harvesting：It digs pit, harvests sweet potato.
2. the high yield cultivating method of sweet potato according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step（1）The weight of middle potato kind
For 200~300g.
3. the high yield cultivating method of sweet potato according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step（2）Mixed fertilizer include with
The component of lower parts by weight：10~20 parts of decomposed corncob, 15~30 parts of farm manure, 8~17 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea 4~9
Part, 2~3 parts of oriental wormwood, 1~2 part of Achnatherum inebrians, 3~5 parts of cloves.
4. the high yield cultivating method of sweet potato according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step（3）Middle thimerosal is more
Bacterium 500 times of dilutions of spirit.
5. the high yield cultivating method of sweet potato according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the seedling management further includes that rupture of membranes is put
Seedling；Weeding；Except pest and disease damage；It after planting 20 days, according to soil moisture degree, keeps the skin wet.
6. the high yield cultivating method of sweet potato according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step（5）Middle row spacing 50~
75cm, the high 30cm in ridge, furrow width 20cm.
7. the high yield cultivating method of sweet potato according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step（5）Between plantation hole
Distance be 25~50cm.
8. the high yield cultivating method of sweet potato according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step（5）In apply bottom per acre
100~150kg of fertilizer, the component include the component of following parts by weight：20~30 parts of animal wastes, 10~15 parts of plant ash, potassium
23~35 parts of fertilizer, 8~14 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 7~15 parts of phosphate fertilizer.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109548605A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-04-02 | 颍上县绿地食品有限公司 | A kind of sweet potato implantation methods |
| CN112136630A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2020-12-29 | 紫云自治县紫香源农林科技有限责任公司 | High-yield planting method for red-core sweet potatoes |
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