CN113906960A - Method for domesticating and planting rheum australe in plateau area - Google Patents

Method for domesticating and planting rheum australe in plateau area Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113906960A
CN113906960A CN202010652862.8A CN202010652862A CN113906960A CN 113906960 A CN113906960 A CN 113906960A CN 202010652862 A CN202010652862 A CN 202010652862A CN 113906960 A CN113906960 A CN 113906960A
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China
Prior art keywords
temperature
days
sowing
planting
seedling
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CN202010652862.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
加永热珠
次央
尼玛桌玛
普布丹增
加央曲吉
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National Modern Agriculture Demonstration Zone Management Committee Of Caina Township Qushui County
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National Modern Agriculture Demonstration Zone Management Committee Of Caina Township Qushui County
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Priority to CN202010652862.8A priority Critical patent/CN113906960A/en
Publication of CN113906960A publication Critical patent/CN113906960A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C7/00Sowing
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A01G24/12Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for domesticating and planting rheum australe in a plateau area, which comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a substrate; (2) sowing; (3) seedling raising; (4) transplanting; (5) and (5) growing. The wild rheum australe is domesticated creatively and planted in a plateau area, a set of artificial planting mode suitable for the wild rheum australe is developed through research on the growth habit of the rheum australe, the local soil environment, the temperature and humidity environment and the like, the seedling survival rate can be guaranteed to be more than 95%, the transplanting survival rate is more than 90%, the wild rheum australe is successfully domesticated into an artificial and plantable economic crop in the plateau area, the local wild environment is protected, and the local economic income is improved.

Description

Method for domesticating and planting rheum australe in plateau area
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting, and particularly relates to a method for domesticating and planting rheum australe in a plateau area.
Background
The radix et rhizoma Rhei is Rheum palmatum L.of Rheum of Polygonaceae, with Latin name: rheum palmatum L. to dry the roots and rhizomes. The name of the traditional Chinese medicine is: rhubarb, the alias: radix et rhizoma Rhei. The traditional Chinese medicine composition is a common and bulk medicinal material, is also one of the special Chinese medicinal materials in the world, has been applied for more than 2000 years of medicinal history at home and abroad, and the rhubarb is still a good medicine for clearing excess heat, relieving constipation, breaking food retention and removing blood stasis at present, is an important raw material of dozens of Chinese patent medicines such as a rhubarb stomach-clearing pill, a bezoar heat-clearing pill, a bezoar antidote pill, a baishun pill, a qingning pill, a coptis chinensis stomach-clearing pill and the like, and at present, low-alcohol rhubarb wine, a rhubarb beverage and a rhubarb weight-reducing medicine are very attractive in the market. For a long time, the rhubarb is an important export commodity except domestic use, and is sold in southeast Asia countries, Japan, America and Germany, so the rhubarb has good development prospect. The rheum officinale has various wild varieties in various regions, and a wild rheum officinale Tibetan edge grows on the cliff in the Tibet region, so that the rheum officinale has high medicinal value, can be picked and sold by local residents, and on one hand, the long-term picking on the cliff causes a picker to face a greater life risk; on the other hand, wild rheum australe faces to the danger of large-scale mining and the danger of pinching and pressing the species generated by the wild rheum australe, so that the local government hopes to change the wild rheum australe into economic crops by domestication planting, the local economy is pulled and the local biological environment is protected.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide a method for domesticating and planting rheum australe, which can effectively improve the survival rate of wild rheum australe, so that the rheum australe becomes a suitable growth species in a plateau area.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a method for domesticating and planting rheum australe in a plateau area, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a substrate: taking Tibetan edge soil, and mixing with carbendazim according to a ratio of 9000-9500: 1, placing for 3-4 days, adding water, stirring uniformly to obtain a matrix, pouring the matrix into the plug trays, and then discharging the matrix into a greenhouse, wherein thirty-two plug trays are arranged in each row, and a channel is reserved between each row;
(2) sowing: in 20-4-30 days of the lunar calendar, transplanting can be carried out within two months, the seeds of wild Rheum emodi can be sowed in a sowing process with the sowing depth of 8-10 cm due to the fact that the seeds can be placed for 4-5 months when transplanted in a plateau climate garden and the highest seedling survival rate is more than 95 percent, two particle seeds are spotted in each hole of a hole tray after sowing, a layer of 0.5-1 cm of dry soil is covered after sowing, then non-woven fabrics are laid, the humidity is controlled to be 50-30 percent during sowing, the morning temperature is 17-25 ℃, the noon temperature is 30-35 ℃, and the afternoon temperature is 20-30 ℃;
(3) seedling culture: watering by adopting a spray irrigation head to spray water after seeding, wherein the watering frequency is 1-2 times per day, and the watering water temperature is 17-25 ℃; seedling emergence is started in the last ten days of 5 months, the humidity in the seedling growing period is controlled to be 60-20%, the temperature in the morning is 19-20 ℃, the temperature in the noon is 40-48 ℃, the temperature in the afternoon is 40-45 ℃, and the seedling growing is finished in 20-25 days under the condition;
(4) transplanting: in the middle ten days of 6 months, the rhubarb seedlings grow to 4-5 cm, the rhubarb is transplanted to the field from the hole trays for planting, the ridge spacing is guaranteed to be 40 cm, the ridge width is 60 cm, the spacing between every two rhubarb is 1-3 cm, no fertilizer is applied during the sowing period, no pesticide is applied, the humidity is controlled to be 50-30% during the transplanting to the survival period, the morning temperature is 15-18 ℃, the noon temperature is 38-36 ℃, and the afternoon temperature is 25-28 ℃;
(5) growing: after the transplanting is finished, the rhubarb seedlings enter a vigorous growing period, the humidity is controlled to be 50% -40% during the vigorous growing period, the temperature is 13 ℃ -17 ℃ in the morning, the temperature is 30 ℃ -32 ℃ at noon, the temperature is 22 ℃ -23 ℃ at afternoon, and the rhubarb seedlings grow to be mature in the middle and late ten days of 8 months, and then the rhubarb is harvested.
Further, in the seedling raising process in the step (3), the seedlings grow to 1cm, the non-woven fabric is uncovered, and the silver film is paved in the middle of each row when the seedlings grow to 3cm, so that the seedling photosynthesis is more sufficient, and the soil nutrient loss is avoided.
Further, in order to improve the survival rate of the rheum australe, in the seedling raising process in the step (3), the seedlings grow to 1cm, and the hilling is carried out every 10 days, wherein the height of the hilling is 2-5 cm.
Further, in the seedling raising process in the step (3), the temperature is controlled in an auxiliary mode of covering the cotton quilt on the greenhouse for the maximum reduction of the wild growth process of the rheum emodi wall, the seedling starts to ventilate after growing to 3cm, the cotton quilt is rolled up at 9-10 points in the morning, the ventilation opening is blocked at 4 points in the afternoon, and the cotton quilt is completely covered at 6 points in the evening.
Has the advantages that: the wild rheum australe is domesticated creatively and planted in a plateau area, a set of artificial planting mode suitable for the wild rheum australe is developed through research on the growth habit, local soil environment, temperature and humidity environment and the like of the rheum australe, the mode can ensure that the seedling survival rate reaches more than 95 percent and the transplanting survival rate is more than 90 percent, the wild rheum australe is successfully domesticated into an artificial plantable economic crop in the plateau area, the wild environment of the local area is protected, and the local economic income is improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail by the following examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the examples.
Example 1: a method for domesticating and planting rheum australe in a plateau area comprises the following specific steps:
(1) preparing a substrate: collecting soil at the edge of Tibetan, mixing with carbendazim according to the ratio of 9300: 1, placing for 3-4 days, adding water, uniformly stirring to obtain a matrix, pouring the matrix into plug trays, and then discharging into a greenhouse, wherein thirty-two plug trays are arranged in each row, and a channel is reserved between each row;
(2) sowing: sowing seeds of wild rheum australe in 25 days of 4 months in the solar calendar, and dotting two particle seeds in each hole of the hole tray in the sowing process, wherein the sowing depth is 9 cm; covering a layer of 0.5-1 cm dry soil after sowing, then paving a non-woven fabric, and controlling the humidity to be 50% -30% during sowing; the morning temperature is 17-25 ℃; the noon temperature is 30-35 ℃; the temperature is 20-30 ℃ in the afternoon;
(3) seedling culture: watering by adopting a spray irrigation head to spray water after seeding, wherein the watering frequency is 1-2 times per day, and the watering water temperature is 17-25 ℃; seedling emergence is started in the last ten days of 5 months, the humidity in the seedling growing period is controlled to be 60-20%, the temperature in the morning is 19-20 ℃, the temperature in the noon is 40-48 ℃, the temperature in the afternoon is 40-45 ℃, and the seedling growing is finished in 20-25 days under the condition;
in the process, the seedlings grow to 1cm, the non-woven fabric is uncovered, and the silver film is paved in the middle of each row when the seedlings grow to 3 cm;
the seedlings grow to 1cm, and the hilling is carried out every 10 days, wherein the height of the hilling is 2-5 cm;
the temperature is controlled in an auxiliary mode of covering the cotton quilt on the greenhouse, the ventilation is started after the seedling grows to 3cm, the cotton quilt is rolled up at 9-10 am, the ventilation is performed at 11 am, the ventilation opening is blocked at 4 pm, and the cotton quilt is covered at 6 pm.
(4) Transplanting: the method comprises the following steps of (1) transplanting rheum officinale seedlings to the field for planting at 14 days in 6 months after the rheum officinale seedlings grow to 4-5 cm, ensuring that the inter-ridge distance is 40 cm, the ridge width is 60 cm, the inter-yellow distance is 2cm, applying no fertilizer and no pesticide during sowing, controlling the humidity to be 50% -30% during transplanting to survival, controlling the temperature to be 15-18 ℃ in the morning, 38-36 ℃ in the noon and 25-28 ℃ in the afternoon;
(5) growing: after the transplanting is finished, the rhubarb seedlings enter a vigorous growing period, the humidity is controlled to be 50-40% in the vigorous growing period, the temperature is 13-17 ℃ in the morning, the temperature is 30-32 ℃ in the noon and the temperature is 22-23 ℃ in the afternoon, the rhubarb seedlings grow to be mature for 8 months and 25 days, and then the rhubarb is harvested.
According to statistics, the survival rate of the wild rheum emodi seedlings cultured by the method can reach 96.56%, the transplanting survival rate can reach 90.82%, and the wild rheum emodi seedlings are successfully domesticated and grown in Tibet plateau areas to serve as economic crops.
As noted above, while the present invention has been shown and described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, it is not to be construed as limited thereto. Various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (4)

1. A method for domesticating and planting rheum australe in plateau areas is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing a substrate: taking Tibetan edge soil, and mixing with carbendazim according to a ratio of 9000-9500: 1, placing for 3-4 days, adding water, stirring uniformly to obtain a matrix, pouring the matrix into the plug trays, and then discharging the matrix into a greenhouse, wherein thirty-two plug trays are arranged in each row, and a channel is reserved between each row;
(2) sowing: sowing seeds of wild rheum australe in 20 days of 4 months to 30 days of 4 months in the solar calendar, and dotting two particle seeds in each hole of the hole tray in the sowing process, wherein the sowing depth is 8-10 cm; covering a layer of 0.5-1 cm dry soil after sowing, then paving a non-woven fabric, and controlling the humidity to be 50% -30% during sowing; the morning temperature is 17-25 ℃; the noon temperature is 30-35 ℃; the temperature is 20-30 ℃ in the afternoon;
(3) seedling culture: watering by adopting a spray irrigation head to spray water after seeding, wherein the watering frequency is 1-2 times per day, and the watering water temperature is 17-25 ℃; seedling emergence is started in the last ten days of 5 months, the humidity in the seedling growing period is controlled to be 60-20%, the temperature in the morning is 19-20 ℃, the temperature in the noon is 40-48 ℃, the temperature in the afternoon is 40-45 ℃, and the seedling growing is finished in 20-25 days under the condition;
(4) transplanting: in the middle ten days of 6 months, the rhubarb seedlings grow to 4-5 cm, the rhubarb is transplanted to the field from the hole trays for planting, the ridge spacing is guaranteed to be 40 cm, the ridge width is 60 cm, the spacing between every two rhubarb is 1-3 cm, no fertilizer is applied during the sowing period, no pesticide is applied, the humidity is controlled to be 50-30% during the transplanting to the survival period, the morning temperature is 15-18 ℃, the noon temperature is 38-36 ℃, and the afternoon temperature is 25-28 ℃;
(5) growing: after the transplanting is finished, the rhubarb seedlings enter a vigorous growing period, the humidity is controlled to be 50% -40% during the vigorous growing period, the temperature is 13 ℃ -17 ℃ in the morning, the temperature is 30 ℃ -32 ℃ at noon, the temperature is 22 ℃ -23 ℃ at afternoon, and the rhubarb seedlings grow to be mature in the middle and late ten days of 8 months, and then the rhubarb is harvested.
2. The method for domesticating and planting rheum australe in the plateau area according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the seedling raising process in the step (3), seedlings grow to 1cm, non-woven fabrics are uncovered, and silver films are paved in the middle of each row when the seedlings grow to 3 cm.
3. The method for domesticating and planting rheum australe in the plateau area according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the seedling raising process in the step (3), the seedlings grow to 1cm, and the hilling is carried out once every 10 days, wherein the height of the hilling is 2-5cm each time.
4. The method for domesticating and planting rheum australe in the plateau area according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the seedling raising process in the step (3), temperature control is assisted by covering the cotton quilt on the greenhouse, the seedling starts to ventilate after growing to 3cm, the cotton quilt is rolled up at 9-10 am, the ventilation is carried out at 11 am, the ventilation opening is blocked at 4 pm, and the cotton quilt is fully covered at 6 pm.
CN202010652862.8A 2020-07-08 2020-07-08 Method for domesticating and planting rheum australe in plateau area Pending CN113906960A (en)

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Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1596574A (en) * 2003-09-17 2005-03-23 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 Variety introduction cultivating method of rheum officinale plant
CN101990812A (en) * 2009-08-14 2011-03-30 姜用贤 Wild culture-imitating method for rheum officinale baill
CN103385087A (en) * 2013-06-18 2013-11-13 四川省农业科学院经济作物育种栽培研究所 Low-altitude strong rheum officinale seedling breeding method
CN103597996A (en) * 2012-11-21 2014-02-26 李敏 Rapid rhubarb seedling growing method
CN103918421A (en) * 2013-01-10 2014-07-16 成都中医药大学 Method of raising rhubarb seedlings in greenhouses
CN104350902A (en) * 2014-10-16 2015-02-18 天祝藏族自治县藏医药开发研究所 Rhubarb planting method
CN105284343A (en) * 2015-09-21 2016-02-03 董凯 Culturing method for sorrel
CN107046997A (en) * 2017-04-18 2017-08-18 王元龙 A kind of organic cultivation method of 5 years raw Rheum tanguticum Maxims
CN110881376A (en) * 2018-09-11 2020-03-17 南充市鱼之道农业开发有限公司 High-yield cultivation technology of rhubarb

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1596574A (en) * 2003-09-17 2005-03-23 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 Variety introduction cultivating method of rheum officinale plant
CN101990812A (en) * 2009-08-14 2011-03-30 姜用贤 Wild culture-imitating method for rheum officinale baill
CN103597996A (en) * 2012-11-21 2014-02-26 李敏 Rapid rhubarb seedling growing method
CN103918421A (en) * 2013-01-10 2014-07-16 成都中医药大学 Method of raising rhubarb seedlings in greenhouses
CN103385087A (en) * 2013-06-18 2013-11-13 四川省农业科学院经济作物育种栽培研究所 Low-altitude strong rheum officinale seedling breeding method
CN104350902A (en) * 2014-10-16 2015-02-18 天祝藏族自治县藏医药开发研究所 Rhubarb planting method
CN105284343A (en) * 2015-09-21 2016-02-03 董凯 Culturing method for sorrel
CN107046997A (en) * 2017-04-18 2017-08-18 王元龙 A kind of organic cultivation method of 5 years raw Rheum tanguticum Maxims
CN110881376A (en) * 2018-09-11 2020-03-17 南充市鱼之道农业开发有限公司 High-yield cultivation technology of rhubarb

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Application publication date: 20220111