CN1139042A - 将外套粘接在成型衬芯上的方法 - Google Patents

将外套粘接在成型衬芯上的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1139042A
CN1139042A CN96103280A CN96103280A CN1139042A CN 1139042 A CN1139042 A CN 1139042A CN 96103280 A CN96103280 A CN 96103280A CN 96103280 A CN96103280 A CN 96103280A CN 1139042 A CN1139042 A CN 1139042A
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China
Prior art keywords
adhesive
overcoat
foamed plastics
lining core
core
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Granted
Application number
CN96103280A
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English (en)
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CN1063384C (zh
Inventor
雅克·罗特
阿兰·马尼高德
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Johnson Controls Roth SAS
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Roth Freres SA
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Priority claimed from FR9502736A external-priority patent/FR2731379A1/fr
Application filed by Roth Freres SA filed Critical Roth Freres SA
Publication of CN1139042A publication Critical patent/CN1139042A/zh
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Publication of CN1063384C publication Critical patent/CN1063384C/zh
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J5/00Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers
    • C09J5/06Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. relating to primers involving heating of the applied adhesive
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B13/00Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped
    • B29B13/02Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped by heating
    • B29B13/023Half-products, e.g. films, plates
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C63/00Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C63/0065Heat treatment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C63/00Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C63/02Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor using sheet or web-like material
    • B29C63/025Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor using sheet or web-like material applied by a die matching with the profile of the surface of resilient articles, e.g. cushions, seat pads
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1429Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1432Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface direct heating of the surfaces to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1429Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1464Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface making use of several radiators
    • B29C65/1467Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface making use of several radiators at the same time, i.e. simultaneous welding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/4805Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
    • B29C65/483Reactive adhesives, e.g. chemically curing adhesives
    • B29C65/4835Heat curing adhesives
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/52Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive
    • B29C65/522Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive by spraying, e.g. by flame spraying
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7841Holding or clamping means for handling purposes
    • B29C65/7844Holding or clamping means for handling purposes cooperating with specially formed features of at least one of the parts to be joined, e.g. cooperating with holes or ribs of at least one of the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/301Three-dimensional joints, i.e. the joined area being substantially non-flat
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/53Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/532Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
    • B29C66/5326Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars said single elements being substantially flat
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/727General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being porous, e.g. foam
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • B29C66/91411Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the parts to be joined, e.g. the joining process taking the temperature of the parts to be joined into account
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9161Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/919Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/929Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools characterized by specific pressure, force, mechanical power or displacement values or ranges
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/0805Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C2035/0822Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using IR radiation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
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    • B29C65/48Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
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    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
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    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
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Abstract

一种利用粘结作用将外套粘结在成型衬芯上的方法,这种方法基本上包含将外套放置于冷成型装置中,并利用夹持架将它固定在那里,然后将粘合剂施加在外套的内面,继而对预定与外套的内面合配的衬芯的表面加热到高温,在达到预定温度以后停止加热,并立即将因此受热的泡沫塑料衬芯施加到涂有粘合剂的外套的内面上,然后打开冷成型装置,并取下已配有外套的衬芯。

Description

将外套粘结在成形衬芯上的方法
本发明涉及的范围是衬芯尤其是座垫用的衬芯的生产,以及通过粘结作用将外套粘结在衬芯特别是聚氨酯泡沫塑料衬芯上的方法,特别是座垫的生产方法。
将座垫外套放在模型或成形装置中,外套的可见表面与所述模型或形成装置配合,并将事先涂有粘合剂的泡沫塑料或类似材料的衬芯,以一定的压力,与已安放好的外套的内面接合,在粘合剂固化以后,可得到由于粘合剂而粘结了外套的垫子,而外套必然与所述泡沫塑料衬芯的所有周边和起伏处贴配。
但是,成形衬芯特别是模制的聚氨酯塑料衬芯的良好粘结,依赖于规定了任何模制聚氨酯衬芯表面的模型表面的优良质量。
因此,被称为冷处理泡沫塑料的模制塑料做成的衬芯,模型中所有的脱模剂是石蜡的溶剂溶液,所制得的衬芯有可渗透的多孔的表面层,这对于泡沫塑料衬芯与外套的粘结操作中的良好粘接效果是有利的。
另一方面,被称为热处理泡沫塑料的模制塑料做成的衬芯,模型中的所用的脱模制是石蜡的含水悬浮液,所制成的衬芯具有相对厚的、光滑的、几乎不可渗透的表面层,这对于泡沫塑料衬芯粘结于外套的操作过程中的良好粘合,是不利的,这就必须要在粘结于外套的操作之前把所述表面层刷掉。此外,从上述方法的工业化经济学方面考虑,必须使粘合剂的干燥,固化或聚合的时间缩短至最小。
目前,最普遍采用的粘结方法包括将模型或成形装置,置于80°至120°摄氏的相对较高的温度中,这样,当涂以粘合剂的衬芯被加到铺设在模型或成形装置里的蒙布上的时候,模型或成型装置的温度通过蒙布传播到粘合剂,因此而促使所述粘合剂固化。
但是,这种众所周知的方法有两个严重的缺点。
一方面,热量从模型或成型装置通过蒙皮的传播,需持续很长时间,特别是蒙布的内面用的是2mm至5mm厚的泡沫塑料层的时候。
在这种情况下,即使使用快速聚合的聚氨酯粘合剂,粘合剂固化的时间也要在40秒至120秒之间,这涉及成型工具不能移动,以及必然的较多生产耗费。
另一方面,外套的可见外表面必须被放置于加热的模型或成型装置的内面这一事实,不可避免地会引起对外套材料的损害,在PVC人造革材料的情况下,导致颗粒的发光和磨损,在丝绒、毛织和其他织物的情况下,导致划线,不希望的散丝效应,纤维覆盖。因此,需要使用刷子或蒸汽进行所谓的去光操作。
这些缺点只能通过降低模型或成形装置的温度克服,但这样做又会导致粘合剂固化的时间增加,可能增至180秒。
另一种方法已被提出,即加速向粘合剂传导温度,以使其固化时间减少。
这种方法包括使温度在150°至300°摄氏之间的干燥蒸汽通过衬芯,通过外套,然后通过模型或成形装置底部所开的一些孔。
用这种方法,高温干燥蒸汽更块地到达粘合剂,粘合剂固化时间被减少到大约30秒。
但是,这种方法也有缺点。
事实上,被引入垫子内部的蒸汽需要清除,这包括将模型或成形装置与一个真空源相接,用真空源抽吸所述蒸汽然后是外部空气,以便使垫子内部冷却和干燥。为使蒸汽清除,使粘合剂干燥和固化,所累积的时间必然导致相对长时间的操作,这会使投入的成本增加,并引起较高的生产成本。最后,高温干燥蒸汽通过织物材料也会损害所述织物材料。
还有,当外套的材料是不可渗透的材料,如(PVC)人造革或编织物,这种方法是行不通的,因为蒸汽不能流贯外套。
最后,目前还没有办法将所述泡沫塑料衬芯锁在并精确定位在承载座上,该承载座将涂有粘合剂的泡沫塑料衬芯带至铺设于成形装置里的外套并与之接触。现在如果载有塑料泡沫衬芯的承载座能够以机械的方法被带至成形装置的精确的对中位置,那么,没有夹紧的关键手段,要想把由高度柔性材料制成的泡沫塑料衬芯,以精确地对中方法锁在并定位在承载座上,是非常困难的。这就形成随机定位,即泡沫塑料衬芯在成形装置里铺设的外套上必然不能精确地对中,其结果所制得的装饰垫是这样一种质量,尤其要引起非难的是显露出裂口和折皱。
目前,泡沫塑料衬芯在承载座上的对中和锁定,是借助于一个或多个插入物特别是金属插入物,内装于泡沫塑料之中,并从所述泡沫塑料伸出,插入物的伸出部分,可以用机械的方法即连接或利用磁铁的方法,锁定在承载座上。
但是,这类方法对在工作期限终了时垫子的回收形成一种障碍,一方面,每个单独的泡沫塑料回收时,必须把金属插入物从泡沫塑料中拆下来,另一方面,插入物回收时,也要拆下来。另外,这些可自由使用的金属对中和锁定插入物是比较笨重的。
本发明的目的是克服这些缺点。
事实上,它涉及利用粘结作用将外套粘结在成形衬芯尤其是聚氨酯泡沫塑料衬芯上的方法,特别是涉及座垫的生产方法,其特征是:主要是将外套安设在一个冷成形装置中,并利用夹持架固定在那里,然后将粘合剂涂敷在外套的内面,随后对预定要与外套的内面合配的衬芯的表面加热至高温,当达到预定温度时中断加热,并立即将因此而受热的泡沫塑料衬芯,施加在涂有粘合剂的外套的内面,结果是通过直接接触使热量瞬时地传给粘合剂,促使粘全剂极快地固化,然后打开冷成形装置,取出配上外套的衬芯。
根据发明,这种方法还涉及所述成形衬芯在支持物上的最初定位和锁定,其特征是:它涉及最初模塑所述泡沫塑料衬芯,在衬芯预定要与承载座配合的支持面上提供一些型腔,每个型腔配备定位和锁定工具,将所述衬芯安装在承载座上,并通过与可膨胀的对中装置的配合,锁定在那里。
通过对给出的一个非局限的优选实施例的下述描述,以及参照所附的概略图所做的解释,本发明将会被更好地理解。
图1以断面形式,表示根据第一个实例施,将外套定位在配备有夹持架的成型装置上;
图2与图1所示的类似,表示在外套的内面施加粘合剂的操作;
图3与图1所示的类似,是外套的内面已接受粘合剂后的视图;
图4与图1至图3所示的类似,表示对衬芯表面加热的操作;
图5与图1至图4所示的类似,表示衬芯加在外套的内面;
图6是一个断面图,表示在粘结外套以后,将成形装置打开;
图7以断面形式,表示根据第二个实例施,将外套定位在配备有夹持架的成型装置上;
图8与图1所示的类似,表示在外套的内面施加粘合剂的操作;
图9与图7和图8所示的类似,表示对衬芯表面加热的操作;
图10与图7至图9所示类似,表示衬芯加在外套的内面;
图11是一个断面图,表示在外套粘结以后,将成形装置打开;
图12是配有其外套的垫子的断面图;
图13是用于模制衬芯的设有定位和锁定装置的模型的透视图;以及
图14和15分别表示将泡沫塑料衬芯定位和锁定在承载座上的断面图。
根据发明和附图的图1至图12更详细表示的例子,利用粘结作用将外套粘结在成形衬芯,尤其是聚氨酯泡沫塑料衬芯上的方法,特别是座垫的生产方法,主要涉及将外套1安放在冷成形装置2中,并通过夹持架3将其固定,然后将粘合剂4涂敷在外套1的内面上,继而对预定要与外套1的内面配合的衬芯5的表面加热至高温,已经达到预定温度后停止加热,并立即将受热的泡沫塑料衬芯5,施加到涂有粘合剂4的外套1的内面上,结果是通过与粘合剂4的直接接触产生立即的热传导,使粘合剂4极快地固化,然后打开冷成形装置2,并将已粘好其外套1的衬芯5卸下。
冷成形装置2同样可以由合成材料,合金铸铁,或各种复合材料制成。
在附图所示的例子中,外套1可由纤维织物组成,背面是2mm至5mm厚的泡沫层,与垫子周边相应的部分由一张PVC制成的人造革组成,沿缝口7与纤维织物缝合。这个外套1被安放在成型装置2上,并利用夹持架3定位保持。
根据发明的第一个实施例,并如图1至3概括的表示的,在泡沫塑料衬芯5和外套1的内面的短暂接触期间,事先喷涂在泡沫塑料衬芯5上的粘合剂4,有一部份间接转移。
粘合剂4首先在分隔开的这种操作专用的喷涂场所用喷枪喷涂在泡沫塑料衬芯5的表面上,例如,在类似于喷漆间的喷涂间。
被喷涂在泡沫塑料衬芯5表面上的粘合剂的数量,在每平方米40克至60克之间。
图1概略地表示承载座11和涂有润湿的粘合剂并被锁定在承载座上的泡沫塑料衬芯5。然后,衬芯5通过承载座11,下降到与包含外套1的成形装置2接触(图2)。因此,以润湿的粘合剂喷涂的泡沫塑料衬芯5与外套1的内面接触,这个短暂的时刻是0.5至2秒,其效果是所述粘合剂的一部分转移到外套1的所述内面。
在这个短暂时刻之后,承载座11上升(图3),一部分粘合剂已转移到外套1的内面,粘合剂的其余部分被保留在泡沫塑料衬芯5的表面上。事实上,在泡沫塑料衬芯5接触在外套1的内面上的这一短暂周期内,只有四分之一至三分之一数量的粘合剂被转移。此外,根据发明的这个第一实施例,最初喷涂在泡沫塑料衬芯5上的粘合剂数量是每平方米40克至60克之间,只有每平方米10克至20克的所述粘合剂将被转移至外套1的内面,每平方米30克至40克数量的粘合剂被保留在泡沫塑料衬芯5上。
大约每平方米10克至20克这一微量的粘合剂是很不均匀地涂在外套1的内面上的,根据发明,这样可以获得极好地粘结效果,而免除所述外套1的泡沫衬里皱缩的危险。
根据发明的第二个实施例和图8概略表示的,粘合剂4被直接用喷枪喷涂在外套1的内面,特别是预定要与泡沫塑料衬芯5相连接部分,结果是在所述外套1的泡沫衬里上喷涂一个很好的粘合剂层4。用这种方法喷涂的粘合剂的数量以每平方米40克至60克之间为好。
举一例子,所用的粘合剂以聚氨酯粘合剂较为有利,这种粘合剂100%由干燥提取物组成,并有两种成分,即重量的70%是多羟基化合物,分子量为6000,羟基指数28,例如一种熟知的商品,由Bayer司生产的Bayer 3963,或加外的三醇类型的多羟基化合物,重量的30%是MDI类型异氰酸酯,其混合物用T.E.D.A类型的胺催化剂活化。在这种情况下,采用带有两种成分的喷枪的喷涂系统是比较好的。
其他粘合剂明显地也是可以使用的,例如由100%的干燥提取物组成的单种成份聚氨酯粘合剂,或者添加溶剂,水相或橡胶溶剂粘合剂,热固化或热塑性类型的粘合剂。
图4和图9概略地表示对泡沫塑料衬芯5进行快速加热,以使它的温度达到170°至190°摄氏的量级。
为此,发明采用一个加温箱8,其中装有红外线灯或管9,温度在1000°至1400°摄氏之间,这些红外灯管安装在支架上并相对于箱底可调,使它们全部与组成衬芯5的泡沫塑料的表面保持相同的距离。
根据本发明的特征,加温箱8以一种抽屉的方式可有利地移动地安置在泡沫塑料衬芯5的表面和成形装置2之间。红外灯管9由一个装置供应电源在加温箱8每次从衬芯5和成形装置2之间的位置退回的期间,可以这个装置将被断开,因此,可断开的装置使灯或管9在加温箱8插入期间接通,而在所述加温箱8退回期间,它们的电源自动关闭(图5和10)。
红外线灯或管9产生1300°摄氏的辐射10,在照射2至10秒之后,使衬芯5的泡沫塑料表面达到大约170°至190°摄氏的温度。
因此,在第一个实施例中,辐射10也给保留在泡沫塑料衬芯5上的粘合剂4带来同样的170°至190°摄氏温度。这样引起的第一个效果是,全部泡沫塑料衬芯例如泡沫塑料衬芯5的表面和其模型表面层的基本部分所共有的石蜡层熔化,熔化的石蜡在粘合剂层内被吸收,并接着被全部地中和,也就是说几乎消失。与此伴生的第二个效果是所述粘合剂层在很高的温度下聚合,形成一个稍有些砂粒质的干燥层4bis,与泡沫塑衬芯5的多孔表面整成一体,像一层底漆,组成一个牢固的表面,它将大大地有助于粘结性能。
根据发明的进一步的特性,组成衬芯5的泡沫塑料是深色的,较好的是深灰色,对于聚氨酯泡沫塑料,是给泡沫加一种由炭黑组成的黑色染料,比例是0.1至1份炭黑比100份多羟基化合物。这样染色是企图使泡沫塑料有足够的吸热能力和因此而来的好的存热性。给泡沫塑料衬芯5的表面所加的170°至190°摄氏温度也就更容易达到。
事实上,泡沫塑料中的深灰颜色是通过减少对入射能量的反射而增加其辐射能力,从而增加泡沫塑料所吸收的能量,这决定了以这种方式吸热的泡沫塑料的热存储能力。这种热的存储,使由此而被吸收的温度在可达10秒的周期内被利用,换句话说,在衬芯5被加到冷成形装置2中的涂有粘合剂的外套1的内面这个期间内,温度仍然足够高,能使粘合剂快速固化。
灯或更一般的是管9比较好的是带钨丝的石英红外线发射体,它发射短的、高强度的红外辐射,每根管子的功率是3000瓦,例如phi1ips的品种的管子。这些管子与泡沫塑料衬芯5表面的距离为50mm至200mm,取决于深灰色泡沫塑料的辐射能力。
图5和10概略表示承载座11和锁定在那里的泡沫塑料衬芯5。衬芯5通过承载座11下降到与被涂上粘合剂的外套1所在的成形装置2接触。为此,加温箱8在这个例子里作为抽屉在1至2秒的时间内被退回,同时红外线管灯9被熄灭。承载座11下降的时间是3秒至4秒,所以,从终止加热到形成接触,即可能涂有被聚合的粘合剂形成底层4bis(第一个实施例)的泡沫塑料衬芯5和涂有液体粘合剂4的外套1之间相互接触的总的时间是4秒至6秒的量级。
因此,根据发明的第一个实施例,以及由于泡沫塑料的深灰颜色所得到的热存储和粘合剂的密度(每升1000克,大大高于泡沫塑料的密度,每升45克),与外套1的内面所涂的粘合剂4直接接触而形成底层4bis的聚合粘合剂层的温度,仍然达到120°至150°摄氏。这个温度通过直接接触立即被传导到粘合剂4,由此确定所述粘合剂4的聚合时间为5至7秒。所以,不仅深灰色泡沫塑料衬芯5,而且涂在那里的粘合剂层,都带有很高的温度这一事实,进一步增加粘合剂由于密度而具有的热存储,并因此使加热和/或粘合剂的聚合时间减少10至20%(见图5),而对外套1的组成材料没有影响,因为热能量几乎全部被粘合剂4和泡沫衬里吸收,所以外套1的温度决不会超过40°摄氏。
根据第二个实施例,以及由于泡沫塑料的深灰颜色而得到的热存储,当泡沫塑料与粘合剂4直接接触时,它的温度仍然为120°至140°摄氏。这个温度通过直接接触立即被传导到粘合剂4,所以,聚合时间为5秒至8秒,而对外套1的组成材料没有影响,因为热能量几乎全部被粘合剂4和泡沫衬里吸收,所以外套1原温度决不会超过40°摄氏(见图10)。
选用第一实施例,可以得到如下相当多的优点,包括:
-粘合剂不直接喷涂在外套上,而是喷涂在泡沫塑料衬芯上,可避免说不定会使组成外套的纤维织物污染的危险。-在分开的场所将粘合剂喷涂在泡沫塑料衬芯上面,可避免粘合剂的悬浮微粒阻塞机械零件的危险。
-外套的内面上涂的很优良的粘合剂层,只是事先涂在泡沫塑料衬芯上的所述粘合剂的很小量的转移,完全可以避免外套的泡沫衬里出现皱缩的缺陷。
-被加热的不仅是泡沫塑料衬芯的表面,而且是保留在所述泡沫塑料上的粘合剂层,这样加热的第一个效果是与全部模制的聚氨酯泡沫塑料衬芯共有的表面层石蜡被熔化,并引起石蜡在粘合剂层内被吸收,所述石蜡因此而被中和,第二个效果是伴随而来的所述粘合剂层的聚合,因此,可形成稍显砂粒质的底漆那样的底层,与泡沫塑料衬芯的多孔表面整成一体,大大有助于粘结操作中的粘结性能。根据发明,冷处理泡沫塑料的模制衬芯,或热处理泡沫塑料,具有细粒的、多孔的和可渗透的模型表面层,这起源于使用脱模剂的溶剂溶液,或者具有较厚的、光滑的、不渗透的表面层,这起源于使用脱模剂的的含水悬浮液,在这两种情况下,都能同样地粘结得好。
-不仅深灰色的泡沫塑料衬芯,而且其上所涂的粘合剂层,都被加上很高的温度这一事实,使粘合剂的热存储增加,这是由于粘合剂密度的原因,即每升1000克,大大高于泡沫塑料的密度,即每升45克,这样,可使加热时间和/或聚合时间减少10至20%,并因此加快了生产周期。
粘合剂聚合以后,并如图6和图11所示,泡沫塑料衬芯5被从承载座11上松锁,然后承载座11上升,垫子因此被放开。然后夹持架3被打开,由泡沫塑料衬芯5和粘结于其上的外套1所组成的垫子,可从成形装置2上卸下。
根据发明所制成的垫子和为它所配的外套,如附图的图12所示。
因为其中放置垫子的外套1的成型装置2没有被加热,也就是说处于工厂的环境温度,根据发明的方法,可以避免对组成外套的材料,即羊毛织物,非羊毛织物,PVC人造革,丝绒或自然皮革的损害。
因此,和先有的技术相反,这种方法涉及将粘合剂4直接喷涂或通过泡沫塑料衬芯5间接地涂在事先放置于冷成形装置2中的外套1的内面上,然后利用红外线灯或管9的辐射流,对泡沫塑料衬芯5的表面加热至高温,不管事先有无涂层,最后,将受热的泡沫塑料衬芯5,不管事先有无涂层,施加在涂有粘合剂4的外套1的内面上,这样,衬芯5表面上的热量,通过与粘合剂4的直接接触而立即被传导,使所述粘合剂4在2至10秒的周期内极快速地固化,而不会使组成外套1的材料受到影响,因为热能量几乎全部被粘合剂4和泡沫塑料衬里所吸收,其结果是外套1的温度决不会超过40°摄氏。
为使泡沫塑料5在承载座11上良好地锁定定位,根据发明的方法还涉及如附图的图7至9更详细地所表示的,最初用模型制造所述泡沫塑料衬芯5时,在它预定要与承载座11相配合的支持面上,提供型腔12,每一个型腔配备有定位和锁定工具13,与可膨胀的对中装置14配合将所述衬芯5安装在承载座11上,并在那里锁定。
如图13所示,衬芯是在模型中造型生产的,模型由底槽15和盖板16组成,所述盖板16被装在例如铰链上,能在底槽15上精确地定位。
根据发明的一个特点,盖板16配备有型芯17,它们被拧紧在所述盖板16上,或者以焊接与所述盖板16形成整体,每一个型芯配置一个由刚性材料制成的、轻度压配合的垫圈13,形成定位和锁定的工具,并且预定要在发泡和从模型中取出以后被转移到衬芯的相应的表面上。
型芯17比较好的是圆柱形状,高度为20mm,直径稍稍大于18mm,例如从18.1mm到18.3mm。根据泡沫塑料衬芯5的尺寸,型芯17的数量可以从2变化到8。
垫圈13可以是厚硬纸板或任何其他可再用的刚性材料,比较好的是具有外径50mm和内径18mm,比型芯17的直径微微小一点点,使它们能在发泡以前和发泡过程中保证滞留在这些型芯17上,这些垫圈13的厚度从0.5mm变化到3mm。
上述关于型芯17和垫圈13的尺寸,显然不局限于此,而是可以变化的,例如型芯17的高度可以是15mm到30mm,直径可以从15mm到25mm,而垫圈13的尺寸将作为接受它们的型芯17的函数加以规定。
因此,聚氨酯混合物的泡沫化是将它浇注进根据图13的发泡模型,然后将盖板16关闭。发泡混合物膨胀,充满整个模型并部分地灌封已经被插入型芯17的垫圈13。型芯17立即在泡沫中确定了型腔12,型芯17和垫圈13是同心的。
泡沫塑料聚合以后,盖板16被打开,泡沫塑料衬芯5被从模型中取出,它上面带有型腔12,这些型腔12与盖板16上的型芯17所占据的空间相应,垫圈13被坚固地部分密封在泡沫塑料衬芯5表面上的型腔12的部位。这种生产方法能使泡沫塑料衬芯5的垫圈13以完全重复的方式很好地定位。
插入垫圈的这种造型方法,能为泡沫塑料衬芯5提供在承载座11上定位和锁定的工具13,如前如述,就能在承载座11以机械的方式被带到成形装置2上时,保证泡沫塑料5在外套1上良好地对中。
附图的图14表示配置有可膨胀的对中装置14的承载座11。这些装置14的直径是16mm,它们的高度等于或者小于20mm,以便与型芯17所确定的型腔12的深度相配。这些装置14,每一个都概略地由被柔性橡胶或类似材料制成的圈19包围的小气动起重器18所组成。当小的气动起重器18向上作动时(图9),它们压缩橡胶圈19,使橡胶圈19成为直径为20mm的大体上的球形。
图14表示泡沫塑料衬芯5容易在承载座11上定位,垫圈13的内径大于装置14的直径,装置14被插入型腔12。
图15表示在起重器18作动以后,橡胶圈19的变形,这种变形的效果,一方面是增加了它们的直径,使泡沫塑料衬芯5能在承载座11上准确地对中,另一方面,由于已变形的橡胶圈19对垫圈13的内径周边施加压力,泡沫塑料衬芯5可在所述承载座11上锁定。在反方顺序中锁定将被解除,即小起重器18向下作动,对橡胶圈19泄压,橡胶圈19在休止位置,回到它们最初的直径16mm,这样引起的效果是垫圈13和泡沫塑料衬芯5处于自由状态。
所述关于可膨胀对中装置14的尺寸,显然不局限于此。装置14将被规定为与型芯17和垫圈13的尺寸相配的任何尺寸。
将定位和锁定工具13精确地和可再现地安置于泡沫塑料衬芯5的表面这一预设措施,能使泡沫塑料衬芯5,通过可膨胀对中装置14被定位和被锁定在承载座11上,继而使泡沫塑料衬芯精确地定位在外套上,而避免至今已知的缺陷,即缝口定位不准,变皱等等。
本发明已描述的涉及聚氨酯泡沫塑料衬芯。但是,根据于发明的方法,也能应用于由泡沫橡胶,贴胶毛状物,交织聚酯纤维所组成的衬芯。
最后,这种方法可应用于聚氨酯泡沫塑料衬芯,不管是模型制造的还是泡沫塑料块切割而得的。
利用本发明,可将外套粘结在成形衬芯尤其是聚氨酯泡沫塑料衬芯上,特别是可用于座垫的生产,通过顺序操作,能使外套和衬芯之间的粘合剂在使作冷成形装置的情况下几乎立即聚合,并且外套的可见表面没有恶化或受损害的危险。
更进一步,本发明能使衬芯相对于外套精确地对中。
显然,本发明不局限于所述的实施例和附图说明。在不偏离本发明保护范围的情况下,修改是可能的,特别是关于各种元件的构成或技术上等效的替换。

Claims (17)

1、一种涉及利用粘结作用将外套粘结到成形衬芯尤其是聚氨酯泡沫塑料衬芯上的方法,特别是生产座垫的方法,其特征是:这种方法基本上包含将外套(1)放置于冷成形装置(2)中,并利用夹持架(3)将它固定在那里,然后将粘合剂(4)施加在外套(1)的内面,继而对预定要与外套(1)的内面合配的衬芯(5)的表面加热到高温,在达到预定温度以后停止加热,并立即将因此受热的泡沫塑料衬芯(5)施加到涂有粘合剂(4)的外套(1)的内面上,促使热量通过直接接触立即传导到粘合剂(4),使它极快速地固化,然后打开冷成形装置(2),并取下已配有外套(1)的衬芯(5)。
2、根据权利要求1的方法,其特征是:冷成形装置(2)同样地由合成材料,钢板,合金铸铁或各种复合材料组成。
3、根据权利要求1的方法,其特征是:粘合剂是间接地施加在外套(1)的内面,是在泡沫塑料衬芯(5)和外套(1)的短暂的接触时,事先喷涂在泡沫塑料衬芯(5)上的粘合剂(4)的一部分转移过去的。
4、根据权利要求3的方法,其特征是:粘合剂(4)首先用喷枪通过喷涂的方法施加在泡沫塑料衬芯(5)的表面上,然后将泡沫塑料衬芯(5)直接接触地短暂地加在外套(1)的内面上,时间是短暂的0.5至2秒,在这个短暂的接触时间中,只有四分之一到三分之一数量的粘合剂(4),从泡沫塑料衬芯(5)被转移到外套(1)的内面,这些很少量的粘合剂(4)被转移到并均匀地涂布在外套(1)的内面,能使粘结优良,同时避免由于所述外套(1)的泡沫塑料衬里皱缩引起缺陷的危险。
5、根据权利要求4的方法,其特征是:最初涂在泡沫塑料衬芯(5)上的粘合剂(4)的量,在每平方米40克到60克之间,被转移到外套(1)的内面上的很少量粘合剂,在每平方米10克至20克之间,泡沫塑料衬芯(5)上保留的粘合剂的量为每平方米30克至40克。
6、根据权利要求1的方法,其特征是:粘合剂(4)是用喷枪以喷涂的方法直接施加到外套(1)的内面上,特别是在预定要与泡沫塑料衬芯(5)的粘结的部位,为的是在所述外套(1)的泡沫塑料衬里上,加上很细密的一层粘合剂(4)。
7、根据权利要求6的方法,其特征是:所施加的粘合剂量在每平方米40克至60克之间。
8、根据权利要求1,3至7中任一项的方法,其特征是:所用的粘合剂是一种聚氨酯粘合剂,由100%的干燥提取物组成,并有两种成份,即重量的70%是多羟基化合物,分子量为6000,羟基的指数28,例如一种熟知的商品,由Bayer公司生产的Bayer3963,或另外的三醇类型的多羟基化合物,重量的30%是MDI类型异氰酸酯,其混合物用T.E.D.A类型胺催化剂活化。
9、根据权利要求1,3至7中的任一项的方法,其特征是:所有的粘合剂是一种单成分聚氨酯粘合剂,包含100%的干燥提取物,或者添加溶剂组成,水相或橡胶溶剂粘合剂,热固化或垫塑性粘合剂。
10、根据权利要求1的方法,其特征是:利用一个箱体(8)对泡沫塑料衬芯(5)进行快速加温,箱体内装有红外线灯或管(9),所产生的温度在1000°至1400°摄氏之间,这些灯管装在支持架上并相对于箱体(8)的基底可调,以使它们全部与组成衬芯(5)的泡沫塑料表面保持相等的距离。
11、根据权利要求10的方法,其特征是:它采用的箱体(8),以一种抽屉的方式,可移动地设置在泡沫塑料衬芯(5)的表面和成形装置(2)之间,红外线管或灯(9)由一个装置供应电源,在箱体(8)每次从衬芯(5)和成形装置(2)之间的位置退回期间,供应电源的装置断开。
12、根据权利要求1,3至5,10和11任何一项的方法,其特征是:它所涉及的快速加热至高温,不仅是对泡沫塑料衬芯(5)的表面,而且同时对保留在所述泡沫塑料衬芯(5)上的粘合剂(4),加热到同样温度,这种温度,一方面使构成所述泡沫塑料衬芯(5)的模型表面层的坚固部分的石蜡熔化,这些熔化的石蜡在粘合剂层内被吸收,并因此而全部被中和,另一方面使所述粘合剂层在很高温度聚合,结果形成一种稍显砂粒质的干燥层(4b),与泡沫塑料衬芯(5)的多孔表面结合一体,并且,它像一层底漆那样构成坚固的表面,将大大有助于以后的粘结。
13、根据权利要求1,3至6,10至12中任何一项的方法,其特征是:构成衬芯(5)的泡沫塑料具有深暗的颜色,较好是深灰色,是在多羟基化合物中加入由炭黑组成的黑色染料,对于聚氨酯泡沫塑料,比例为0.1至1份染料比100份多羟基化合物。
14、根据权利要求1至13中任何一项的方法,其特征是:它所涉及的最初制造所述泡沫塑料衬芯(5),是利用模型制成的,在衬芯预定要与承载座(11)相配合的支持面上,提供型腔(12),每一个型腔配备定位和锁定工具(13),与可膨胀的对中装置(14)配合,将所述衬芯(5)安装在承载座(11)上,并在那里锁定。
15、根据权利要求14的方法,其特征是:衬芯在模型中造型生产,模型由底槽(15)和盖板(16)组成,所述盖板(16)被装在铰链上,能在底槽(15)上精确地定位,并被配备以型芯(17),型芯(17)被拧紧在所述盖板(16)上,或者通过焊接与所述盖板(16)形成整体,每一个型芯(17)配置一个由刚性材料制成的、轻度压配合的垫圈(13),形成定位和锁定的工具,并且预定要在发泡成型和从模型中取出以后,被转移到衬芯的相应表面上。
16、根据权利要求15的方法,其特征是:垫圈(13)是厚硬纸板或任何其他可再用的刚性材料。
17、根据权利要求14的方法,其特征是:装置(14)每一个都由被柔性橡胶或类似材料制成的圈(19)包围的小气动起重器(18)组成。
CN96103280A 1995-03-06 1996-03-06 将外套粘结在成形衬芯上的方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1063384C (zh)

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FR9502736A FR2731379A1 (fr) 1995-03-06 1995-03-06 Procede de solidarisation par collage d'une coiffe sur une matelassure en forme, notamment en mousse de polyurethane
FR9502736 1995-03-06
FR9507032 1995-06-09
FR9507032A FR2731380B1 (fr) 1995-03-06 1995-06-09 Procede de solidarisation par collage d'une coiffe sur une matelassure en forme, notamment en mousse de polyurethane
US08/608,816 US5759324A (en) 1995-03-06 1996-02-29 Process for bonding by adhesion of a cover to a shaped padding, in particular of polyurethane foam

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CN109466071A (zh) * 2018-12-12 2019-03-15 深圳麦德利宇航材料科技有限公司 一种航空座椅用粘布热压粘接设备
CN109466071B (zh) * 2018-12-12 2021-06-08 深圳麦德利宇航材料科技有限公司 一种航空座椅用粘布热压粘接设备
CN113110334A (zh) * 2021-04-19 2021-07-13 南京我乐家居股份有限公司 基于dcs引擎的生产对接平台和流程

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