CN113455306A - Vegetation greening method - Google Patents

Vegetation greening method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113455306A
CN113455306A CN202110843742.0A CN202110843742A CN113455306A CN 113455306 A CN113455306 A CN 113455306A CN 202110843742 A CN202110843742 A CN 202110843742A CN 113455306 A CN113455306 A CN 113455306A
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China
Prior art keywords
container
seedlings
vegetation
degradable
woven fabric
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CN202110843742.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘祥宏
陈永福
丁鑫品
任慧君
李鹏翔
赵晗博
王金鹏
张智韦
黄占斌
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China Coal Science And Technology Co ltd
Beijing Research Institute Of Land Remediation And Ecological Restoration Of China Coal Science And Engineering Group Co ltd
China Coal Research Institute CCRI
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China Coal Science And Technology Co ltd
Beijing Research Institute Of Land Remediation And Ecological Restoration Of China Coal Science And Engineering Group Co ltd
China Coal Research Institute CCRI
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Priority to CN202110843742.0A priority Critical patent/CN113455306A/en
Publication of CN113455306A publication Critical patent/CN113455306A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a vegetation greening method, which comprises the following steps: s1, selecting degradable container culture container seedlings; s2, digging holes on the cultured container seedlings in a cold area and a disturbance area to be greened again according to a preset density and planting the container seedlings; s3, laying non-woven fabrics in the cultivated area; s4, selecting the time between 2/5 and 2/3 of the growing season of the recovered green plants or removing the laid non-woven fabrics after the planted container seedlings sprout new roots. By transplanting container seedlings, adverse effects of severe conditions on seedlings in vegetation restoration are avoided, early greening of areas is realized, and greening efficiency of high and cold disturbance areas is improved; the degradable container can be perforated, and the degradable and perforated container is adopted for cultivation, so that the deep free extension of the root system can be realized in the early stage of the plant before the degradable micro container is decomposed, and the late ground surface germination propagation extension can not be limited.

Description

Vegetation greening method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological greening, in particular to a container seedling-based vegetation re-greening method for a high and cold disturbance area.
Background
The vegetation growth in the cold region with short growing season is influenced by low temperature, low oxygen, short growing period and the like, the ecology is very fragile, and the damaged ecological vegetation is difficult to recover after disturbance. The vegetation in the cold region disturbance area formed by activities such as mining and road construction (including the natural degradation vegetation recovery in cold regions) is usually greened by adopting a grass seed sowing mode, but the problems of relatively good short-term greenness restoration effect and serious long-term degradation are usually caused by insufficient maintenance and protection in the seedling stage.
Therefore, in the related art, the vegetation greening method in the cold region disturbance area has the problems of low survival rate and poor greening effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is based on the discovery and recognition by the inventors of the following facts and problems:
the container seedling is an important method in the fields of seedling cultivation and urban landscaping, and has the effects of high planting survival rate and capability of reducing the future seedling supplementing engineering quantity. In the vegetation re-greening of the disturbance area in the cold area, the degradable container seedlings are adopted to plant perennial herbaceous plants, so that the adverse effects of local adverse climate, soil and other conditions on the seedlings can be avoided, stable ecological re-greening can be realized as early as possible through seedling planting and early-stage maintenance, and the ecological treatment project has good application prospect particularly for the ecological treatment project with high requirements on engineering quality and construction period.
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art. To this end, an embodiment of the present invention provides a vegetation greening method, including:
s1, selecting degradable container culture container seedlings;
s2, digging holes on the cultured container seedlings in a cold area and a disturbance area to be greened again according to a preset density and planting the container seedlings;
s3, laying non-woven fabrics in the cultivated area;
s4, selecting the time between 2/5 and 2/3 of the growing season of the recovered green plants or removing the laid non-woven fabrics after the planted container seedlings sprout new roots.
The vegetation greening method provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects: by transplanting container seedlings, adverse effects of severe conditions on seedlings in vegetation restoration are avoided, early greening of areas is realized, and greening efficiency of high and cold disturbance areas is improved; the degradable container can be perforated, and the degradable and perforated container is adopted for cultivation, so that the deep free extension of the root system can be realized in the early stage of the plant before the degradable micro container is decomposed, and the late ground surface germination propagation extension can not be limited.
Optionally, in S1, the method for culturing container seedlings comprises: digging local perennial plant seedlings, digging the plants by adopting a mode that the root system carries soil, putting the plants into the degradable container, and filling gaps between the degradable container and plant soil balls with slurry.
Optionally, in S1, the method for culturing container seedlings comprises: and planting local perennial plant seedlings in the degradable container, and culturing the seedlings for more than 1 year.
Optionally, the perennial plant seedlings include one or more of elymus, poa annua, fescue;
the diameter of the degradable container is 4-10cm, the depth is 5-15cm, and the bottom of the degradable container is provided with a hole.
Optionally, the irrigation maintenance is performed 1-2 times before removing the laid non-woven fabric, and within 7 days after removing the laid non-woven fabric, the method further comprises:
and S5, spraying a dwarf regulator.
Optionally, the mepiquat chloride regulator comprises chlormequat chloride or paclobutrazol; the concentration is 20-50mg/L, and the dosage is 1-2L/m2
Optionally, the concentration of the dwarf regulator is 30-40mg/L, and the dosage is 1.5-2L/m2
Optionally, the laid non-woven fabric is a white non-woven fabric or a green non-woven fabric.
Optionally, before S2, seeding a re-greening plant in the cold region and the disturbed region to be re-greened in advance; in the step S2, the hole digging planting position is a sowing non-germination or plant growth sparse area.
Optionally, the non-woven fabric is made of degradable pollution-free materials;
the weight per unit area of the non-woven fabric is 15-40g/m2
Optionally, after the steps of S2 and S3, irrigating and maintaining for more than 2 times, removing the laid non-woven fabric after selecting 1/2-2/3 time of the growing season of the recovered green plants or the planted container seedlings sprout new roots, and spraying the rejuvenation regulator within 1 week of removing the non-woven fabric.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a vegetation greening method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The embodiment provides a method for regreening herbaceous vegetation, which is mainly suitable for cold regions and disturbed regions with short growing seasons, wherein the cold regions with short growing seasons refer to high-latitude and high-altitude climate cold regions with the duration from green turning to withering and yellow being within 4 months. The disturbance area comprises a mining exploitation area, a traffic construction area and the like. The environment in these areas is relatively harsh and presents a number of disadvantages for the growth of vegetation. Therefore, the embodiment provides a method for regreening herbaceous vegetation, so as to improve the current-year survival rate and biomass of regreening herbaceous plants in a cold region disturbance area with short growing season, the green returning rate and the tiller percentage in the next year, and improve the regreening engineering effect in the cold region regreening area; the long-term natural propagation growth of the greening vegetation in the cold area disturbance area is realized, so that the greening engineering of the vegetation in the cold area is long-lasting.
Referring to fig. 1, the method for re-greening vegetation according to the present embodiment includes:
s1, selecting degradable container culture container seedlings; the early culture of the container seedlings can be carried out in an environment with specific temperature and humidity so as to ensure the survival rate and the rapid and developed growth of root systems, avoid the adverse effect of severe conditions on seedlings in vegetation restoration, prepare for planting and improve the growth capacity after planting.
S2, digging holes on the cultured container seedlings in a cold area and a disturbance area to be greened again according to a preset density and planting the container seedlings;
s3, laying non-woven fabrics in the cultivated area;
s4, selecting the time between 2/5 and 2/3 of the growing season of the recovered green plants or removing the laid non-woven fabrics after the planted container seedlings sprout new roots. The replanted plants herein may include planted container seedlings, sown seedlings, and natural wild plants, i.e., the replanted areas, and may contain other types of plants in addition to planted container seedlings.
The time for removing the laid non-woven fabric can be selected to be earlier than two times, namely, if the planted container seedling first sprouts a new root, the laid non-woven fabric is removed after the planted container seedling sprouts the new root, and if the time is 2/5-2/3 of the growth season of the recovered green plant, the planted container seedling does not sprout the new root, the laid non-woven fabric can also be removed.
According to the scheme, adverse effects of severe conditions on seedlings in vegetation restoration are avoided through container seedling transplantation, early greening of the area is achieved, and greening efficiency of the high and cold disturbance area is improved; the degradable container can be perforated, and the degradable and perforated container is adopted for cultivation, so that the deep free extension of the root system can be realized in the early stage of the plant before the degradable micro container is decomposed, and the late ground surface germination propagation extension can not be limited.
Furthermore, because the non-woven fabrics laid have the problem that the non-woven fabrics can not completely transmit light, after the herbaceous plants grow, the received light rays are influenced to a certain degree, so that the growth of the plants can be influenced, and the normal photosynthesis process of the re-green plants can be influenced (namely, the growth of the re-green plants in the non-woven fabrics covering period is inhibited). The inventor finds that the effect of the non-woven fabric covering on the growth of the herbaceous vegetation is small for the herbaceous vegetation in the non-cold area, but the effect on the growth of the herbaceous vegetation in the cold area and the disturbed area with short growing season is large, so the embodiment adopts the scheme of removing the laid non-woven fabric in the growing season of the plant (namely, the non-woven fabric is removed periodically), on one hand, the non-woven fabric can play a role in improving the germination rate and the survival rate in the early stage, and the role in the later stage of the herbaceous plant growth is gradually reduced, so that the problem of photosynthesis inhibition caused by the non-woven fabric can be reduced after the laid non-woven fabric is removed in the growing season of the proper herbaceous plant. Therefore, the plants grow more vigorously in the current year, the root systems are developed, and the sufficient growth of the underground root systems in the early stage has important influence on the growth stability in the later stage (the next year).
The time for removing the non-woven fabric is selected to remove the covered non-woven fabric when 2/5-2/3 of the growing season of the proper herbaceous plant is carried out, the requirements of the growth of the proper herbaceous plant on heat preservation and moisture preservation are large before 2/5 of the growing season of the proper herbaceous plant, if the non-woven fabric is removed, a certain amount of the proper herbaceous plant can die, and after 2/3 of the growing season of the proper herbaceous plant, the annual growth of the proper herbaceous plant enters the later stage, the sufficient photosynthesis growth time is limited, and the accumulation of the biomass and nutrients of the proper herbaceous plant is not facilitated.
In conclusion, the adverse effect of severe environment on seedling growth is avoided in a container seedling mode, and the non-woven fabric covered by the container seedling is uncovered when the growth season of the proper herbaceous plant is 2/5-2/3, so that the growth condition of the proper herbaceous plant is obviously improved, the root growth state and the vigorous degree of the proper herbaceous plant are greatly improved, the survival rate and the biomass of the proper herbaceous plant in the current year and the green return rate and the tiller rate in the next year are improved, the long-term natural propagation growth of the re-green vegetation in a cold region disturbance area is realized, the re-green engineering of the cold region vegetation is lasting for a long time, and the re-green engineering effect of the cold region is improved.
In one embodiment, in S1, a method of culturing a container plantlet comprises: digging local perennial plant seedlings, digging the plants by adopting a mode that the root system carries soil, putting the plants into a degradable container, and filling gaps between the degradable container and plant soil balls with slurry. The dredged plant seedlings can be plants sporadically distributed in the damaged area to be engineered, perennial plants which can be used for thinning and dredged, and the like.
Illustratively, plants are dug in a mode that the root systems carry soil and are placed into the degradable micro-containers. The specification of the used container is that the diameter or side length is 4-10cm, the depth is about 5-15cm, the bottom is provided with a hole, and slurry is used for filling the gap between the miniature container and the plant soil ball. Wherein, the diameter of the used container is 4-10cm when the used container is cylindrical, and the side length of the used container is 4-10cm when the used container is regular polygon.
In one embodiment, in S1, a method of culturing a container plantlet comprises: and planting local perennial plant seedlings in the degradable container, and culturing the seedlings for more than 1 year. That is, the container seedlings can be cultivated by sowing and planting instead of digging and picking. This approach facilitates large area cultivation.
In one embodiment, the perennial plant seedlings comprise one or more of elymus, bluegrass, fescue; for example, the plants may be Thymus arvensis and Poa annua, Poa annua and Festuca arundinacea, and Thymus arvensis, Poa annua and Festuca arundinacea.
Wherein, the diameter of the degradable container is 4-10cm, the depth is 5-15cm, and the bottom is provided with a hole. Illustratively, the side of the degradable container can be suitably provided with a plurality of air holes so as to be rapidly combined with the soil of the planted land after planting.
In one embodiment, the irrigation curing is performed 1-2 times before removing the laid nonwoven fabric, and within 7 days after removing the laid nonwoven fabric, the method further comprises: and S5, spraying a dwarf regulator. By spraying the dwarf regulator, the growth of plants (particularly the growth of underground roots) is facilitated, the stress resistance of the greening plants is improved, the survival rate is further improved, and the ecological stability is enhanced.
In one embodiment, the chlormequat modulator is comprised of chlormequat chloride or paclobutrazol; the concentration of the regulator is 20-50mg/L, and the dosage is 1-2L/m2
For example, the concentration of the short-stature regulator can be 30-40mg/L, and the dosage is 1.5-2L/m2
In one embodiment, the laid nonwoven fabric is a white nonwoven fabric or a green nonwoven fabric. And is made of degradable pollution-free materials. The white non-woven fabric is selected to improve the light transmittance, so that the photosynthesis effect of the grassy plants is improved.
Illustratively, the non-woven fabric is made of degradable pollution-free materials; the weight per unit area of the non-woven fabric is 15-40g/m2
In one embodiment, before S2, re-greening plant seeding is performed in a cold area to be re-greened and a disturbance area in advance, namely, container seedling and seeding are combined; in S2, the position of the hole digging planting may be a region where sowing does not sprout or plant growth is sparse. That is, the greened areas can be simultaneously planted by seeding and container seedling transplanting. The plant seedling transplanting container has stronger growth capacity for the plant which grows after being sowed, and can reduce the density of the seedlings in the transplanting container. The density of the seedlings in the transplanting container can be increased for the area which is sown but does not sprout or the plant grows sparsely. Therefore, the mode of combining the container seedlings and the seeding seedlings is adopted, and the engineering greening effect can be further ensured.
Further, if a mode of combining container seedlings and sowing is selected, irrigation maintenance can be carried out for more than 2 times after S2 and S3, and the laid non-woven fabrics are uncovered after 1/2-2/3 of the growing season of the re-green plants or the planted container seedlings grow new roots, and the dwarfing regulator is sprayed within 1 week of the uncovering of the non-woven fabrics.
This embodiment mode further provides the following 4 specific examples.
Example 1
(1) Selecting plants sporadically distributed in an engineering damaged area, digging the plants by adopting a mode that a root system carries soil, putting the plants into a degradable micro container with the diameter of 4cm, the depth of 5cm and a hole at the bottom, and filling a gap between the micro container and a plant soil ball with slurry.
(2) Digging holes for planting the container seedlings in a high and cold disturbance area to be vegetation restored according to the density of 0.25m multiplied by 0.25 m;
(3) adopting a belt-shaped mode to cover the green non-woven fabric, and carrying out irrigation maintenance for 3 times;
(4) after the potted seedling is adaptive to the transplanting environment and sprouts new roots, removing the non-woven fabric to promote the growth under the full photosynthesis;
(5) and the chlormequat chloride is sprayed within 1 week after the non-woven fabric is uncovered, so that the growth of root systems is further promoted, and the long-term growth stability of the container greening vegetation is improved.
Example 2
(1) Selecting a green land which can be used for thinning the periphery of an area to be greened, digging a perennial plant in a mode of carrying soil on a root system, putting a degradable micro container with the diameter of 10cm, the depth of 15cm and a hole at the bottom, and filling a gap between the micro container and a plant soil ball with slurry;
(2) soil improvement is carried out on the alpine disturbance area to be vegetation restored by adopting a decomposed manure application mode;
(3) mixed sowing of the conventional suitable-for-growth and green-restoration plants such as elymus, bluegrass, fescue and the like is carried out in the green-restoration area;
(4) digging holes for planting the container seedlings according to the density of 0.5m multiplied by 0.5 m;
(5) selecting white non-woven fabrics for overall covering after planting, and carrying out irrigation maintenance for 2 times;
(6) selecting container seedlings to adapt to a transplanting environment, and after new roots sprout, removing non-woven fabrics to promote growth under sufficient photosynthesis;
(7) and the paclobutrazol is sprayed within 1 week after the non-woven fabrics are uncovered, so that the growth of underground root systems of container seedlings and seeding seedlings is further promoted, and the long-term growth stability of container plants and seeding plants is improved.
Example 3
(1) Sowing Thalictrum aquilegifolium, Poa annua and Festuca arundinacea in a degradable micro container with diameter of 5cm, depth of 10cm and hole at bottom, and maintaining for 1 year.
(2) Digging holes for planting the container seedlings in a high and cold disturbance area to be vegetation restored according to the density of 0.2m multiplied by 0.4 m;
(3) covering with white non-woven fabric in a strip mode, and irrigating and maintaining for 3 times;
(4) after the potted seedling is adaptive to the transplanting environment and sprouts new roots, removing the non-woven fabric to promote the growth under the full photosynthesis;
(5) and the chlormequat chloride is sprayed within 1 week after the non-woven fabric is uncovered, so that the growth of root systems is further promoted, and the long-term growth stability of the container greening vegetation is improved.
Example 4
(1) Sowing Thalictrum aquilegifolium and Poa annua in a degradable micro container with diameter of 8cm, depth of 12cm and hole at bottom, and maintaining for 2 years.
(2) Soil improvement is carried out on the alpine disturbance area to be vegetation restored by adopting a decomposed manure application mode;
(3) mixed sowing of the conventional suitable-for-growth and green-restoration plants such as elymus, bluegrass, fescue and the like is carried out in the green-restoration area;
(4) digging holes for planting the container seedlings according to the density of 0.6m multiplied by 1 m;
(5) after planting, selecting green non-woven fabrics for overall coverage, and carrying out irrigation maintenance for 2 times;
(6) selecting container seedlings to adapt to a transplanting environment, and after new roots sprout, removing non-woven fabrics to promote growth under sufficient photosynthesis;
(7) and the paclobutrazol is sprayed within 1 week after the non-woven fabrics are uncovered, so that the growth of underground root systems of container seedlings and seeding seedlings is further promoted, and the long-term growth stability of container plants and seeding plants is improved.
In the present disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" and the like mean that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A vegetation greening method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, selecting degradable container culture container seedlings;
s2, digging holes on the cultured container seedlings in a cold area and a disturbance area to be greened again according to a preset density and planting the container seedlings;
s3, laying non-woven fabrics in the cultivated area;
s4, selecting the time between 2/5 and 2/3 of the growing season of the recovered green plants or removing the laid non-woven fabrics after the planted container seedlings sprout new roots.
2. A method of recovering vegetation as claimed in claim 1 wherein in S1 the method of growing container seedlings comprises: digging local perennial plant seedlings, digging the plants by adopting a mode that the root system carries soil, putting the plants into the degradable container, and filling gaps between the degradable container and plant soil balls with slurry.
3. A method of recovering vegetation as claimed in claim 1 wherein in S1 the method of growing container seedlings comprises: and planting local perennial plant seedlings in the degradable container, and culturing the seedlings for more than 1 year.
4. A method of regreening vegetation as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3, wherein the perennial plantlets comprise one or more of elymus, poa annua, fescue;
the diameter of the degradable container is 4-10cm, the depth is 5-15cm, and the bottom of the degradable container is provided with a hole.
5. A method of recovering vegetation from its green color as claimed in claim 1, wherein the irrigation is performed 1-2 times before removing the laid non-woven fabric, and the method further comprises, within 7 days after removing the laid non-woven fabric:
and S5, spraying a dwarf regulator.
6. A method of recovering vegetation as claimed in claim 5 wherein the dwarf regulator comprises chlormequat chloride or paclobutrazol; the concentration is 20-50mg/L, and the dosage is 1-2L/m2
7. A method of greening vegetation as claimed in claim 6, wherein the concentration of the regulator is 30-40mg/L and the amount is 1.5-2L/m2
8. A vegetation greening method according to claim 1, wherein the laid nonwoven fabric is a white nonwoven fabric or a green nonwoven fabric; the non-woven fabric is made of degradable pollution-free materials; the weight per unit area of the non-woven fabric is 15-40g/m2
9. A method for restoring vegetation according to claim 1, wherein, prior to S2, planting of a plant to be restored in the cold and disturbed areas is carried out in advance.
10. A method of recovering vegetation as claimed in claim 9, wherein irrigation maintenance is carried out 2 or more times after said S2 and said S3, and said method comprises removing said non-woven fabric and spraying a rejuvenation agent within 1 week after said non-woven fabric is removed between 1/2 and 2/3 of the growing season of said recovered plants or after new roots of planted container seedlings are grown.
CN202110843742.0A 2021-07-26 2021-07-26 Vegetation greening method Pending CN113455306A (en)

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