CN110301276B - Method for quickly building garden by hybrid mulberry - Google Patents
Method for quickly building garden by hybrid mulberry Download PDFInfo
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- CN110301276B CN110301276B CN201910399887.9A CN201910399887A CN110301276B CN 110301276 B CN110301276 B CN 110301276B CN 201910399887 A CN201910399887 A CN 201910399887A CN 110301276 B CN110301276 B CN 110301276B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
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Abstract
The application provides a method for quickly building a garden for hybrid mulberry, which relates to plug seedling, saves seed cost by 50-70%, and can be sowed all the year round; the seedling rate of the seeds reaches 95 percent by using the plug seedling, and a garden can be directly and quickly built; the plug seedlings produced by the invention can be transplanted all the year round. The transplanting technology of the invention is to fix the seedlings together with soil, and the damage to the root system is small. In tropical areas with much rainwater, high air temperature and vigorous weeds, the transplanted mulberry seedlings have short seedling recovery, fast growth and early harvest.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to a method for quickly building a garden by hybrid mulberry.
Background
The plug seedling is widely applied to the production technology of seedling rapid propagation, and has the advantages of fast afforestation, high survival rate, short seedling revival period after afforestation, good seedling growth and the like. Although the plug seedling technology is applied to the production of flowers and saplings, the research report on mulberry seedling is rare, and particularly the research on plug seedling garden building is not reported.
In the existing seedling raising technology, after the hybrid mulberry seeds are collected, the seeds are sowed or sowed in a nursery garden in spring or summer, and the seedlings are dug and the garden is built after 5-6 months. Generally, the seeds are sowed in the first ten days of 4 months in the year, and the seedlings are sowed and outplanted after 11 to 12 months or 1 month in the following year. On the basis of the conventional seedling raising method, students also discuss other seedling raising methods for years, such as: dry seed and dry soil seedling raising method; a floating seedling raising method; mulberry container seedling method, etc. However, the seedling production capacity of these seedling raising methods is very limited, and large-scale and high-efficiency production capacity is difficult to achieve. The invention adopts a plug seedling mode, and the annual production capacity can reach 180 ten thousand plants per mu.
The garden building technology in the prior art comprises the following steps: the existing garden building technology is still limited to digging seedlings 5-6 months after seedling cultivation, and garden building is carried out according to density 3500-plus 4000 plants/mu. Thus, many scholars have tried the feasibility and applicability of other gardening techniques. Seeding the hybrid mulberry seeds on a mulberry field in 2-3 months (the seeding amount per mu is 100-120 g), directly building a garden (Zhufang Rong, hybrid mulberry direct seeding and interplanting garden, Guangxi silkworm industry, No. 4 of 2000). A hybrid mulberry drill is adopted for planting, such as Feng, and a garden is built, namely, a hoe is used for digging seed trenches (the row spacing is 67cm, one furrow is three), the width of each trench is 6.6-10 cm, the depth of each trench is 1.5cm, and the seeding trenches are flattened by the hoe to prevent the emergence of seedlings from being influenced by different depths. During sowing, the seeds exposed to the white are weighed according to the number of sowing strips, mixed with yellow sand or dry fine soil in an amount of 4-5 times, uniformly sowed, and covered with wheat hulls or rice chaffs in time after sowing, wherein the thickness is preferably that no soil is visible. Xietxin improved the technology of establishing mulberry orchard reported in Feng, namely covering black mulching film (not covering sowing ditches) among lines after sowing seeds [ Xietxin, research on the fast establishing garden by directly sowing mulberry mulching film coverage, China silkworm industry, No. 2 of 2000 ]. Koelukasu summarizes a set of high-yield cultivation technology suitable for close planting of hybrid mulberries, namely, 1-year-old commercial hybrid mulberries (with the diameter of 0.35-0.60 cm and the seedling height of about 28 cm) are introduced into a direct-planting field in the same year, and the hybrid mulberries have developed root systems and vigorous growth so as to achieve the effect of taking effect in the same year of planting (Koelukasu, Luliang county hybrid mulberries close planting high-yield cultivation technology, Yunnan agricultural science and technology, No. 5 of 2017). According to the climatic characteristics and the actual production of tropical regions, Nie Liang Wen, Linqiang and the like, new hybrid mulberry varieties of Guisang you l 2 and Guisang you 62' are selected, a direct seeding and interplanting garden forming technology is adopted, hybrid mulberry seeds are directly sown on a mulberry field (the row width is 70-80 cm) in 3 middle and ten days, the field is formed at the end of 6-7 months in the current year, and silkworms are grown, so that seedling raising in the nursery field and seedling digging and transplanting links are omitted, and the field can be directly formed into a garden [ Nie Liang Wen and the like ]. Linqiang, lie, an experience of breeding Guangxi mulberry variety "Guisangyou 12" in Laos, Guangxi silkworm industry, 2008, stage 1.
The conventional hybrid mulberry seeding period is generally after ten days of 5 months, the conventional field seeding is performed, the seedling rate of seeds is low (about 50 percent or less) due to serious underground pests (ants, mole crickets, snails and the like), and the proper transplanting period is to fix commercial seedlings in the mulberry field in winter (after leaves fall). The transplanting technology is to dig out the hybrid mulberry seedlings, and the survival rate is affected because the root systems are seriously damaged in the seedling digging process.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the application is to provide a method for quickly building a garden by hybrid mulberry.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a method for rapidly building a hybrid mulberry field, comprising the steps of,
(1) taking the hybrid mulberry seeds in the current year or every other year, and dressing the seeds with dichlorvos;
(2) transferring the hybrid mulberry seeds after seed dressing into a plug tray filled with a substrate;
(3) paving a layer of mulching film or grass covering cloth on the ground of the plastic greenhouse, arranging the hole trays on the mulching film in order, covering a layer of shading net on the hole trays, watering for one time, and removing the shading net after 1 week of sowing;
(4) spraying foliar fertilizer every 7 days after the first true leaf grows out;
(5) hardening the seedlings when the root systems of the plug mulberry seedlings surround the substrate for four weeks;
(6) hardening off the mulberry seedlings for 5-7 days, and watering the mulberry seedlings in time when leaves of the mulberry seedlings wither;
(7) loosening, fixing the furrow, applying enough base fertilizer, and covering a layer of mulching film or grass cloth on the surface of the furrow;
(8) during transplanting, holes are punched in the mulching film, and mulberry seedlings are taken out from the hole tray together with the seedlings and soil;
(9) putting the hole tray mulberry seedlings with the matrix into the planting holes, then hilling the rhizosphere of the mulberry seedlings by using surface soil or organic fertilizer, leveling the hilled soil to the root neck of the mulberry seedlings, then compacting and watering enough root fixing water.
Preferably, in the step (1), the hybrid mulberry seeds are alternate-year seeds which are collected in the same year or have a germination rate of more than 85%.
Preferably, in step (2), each cavity comprises 50 wells, each well is provided with 2 hybrid mulberry seeds, the matrix component is a mixture of cow dung and river mud, and the ratio of cow dung: the mass ratio of the river mud is 3: 1.
preferably, in the step (3), the shading net is a 70% black shading net, and water is poured once until water seeps out from the water seepage holes under the plug tray.
Preferably, the step (3) further comprises watering the substrate in the morning and at night after the shading net is removed, wherein the watering amount is based on the wetting of the surface layer of the substrate, and only watering is performed once a day after 2 leaves are opened.
Preferably, in the step (4), the leaf fertilizer contains 1% of compound fertilizer liquid, and when the leaf is in a 3-5 leaf stage, compound fertilizer is applied once, and 5g of compound fertilizer is applied to each hole.
Preferably, the step (8) is specifically that watering is not carried out 1-2 days before transplanting, the mulberry seedlings are pinched from the bottom when being taken, so that the mulberry seedlings carry the matrix as much as possible, the root system is ensured to be complete, and holes are punched on the mulching film every 20cm when transplanting, and the hole diameter is 6 cm.
The application provides a method for quickly building a garden for hybrid mulberry, which relates to plug seedling, saves seed cost by 50-70%, and can be sowed all the year round; the seedling rate of the seeds reaches 95 percent by using the plug seedling, and a garden can be directly and quickly built; the plug seedlings produced by the invention can be transplanted all the year round. The transplanting technology of the invention is to fix the seedlings together with soil, and the damage to the root system is small. In tropical areas with much rainwater, high air temperature and vigorous weeds, the transplanted mulberry seedlings have short seedling recovery, fast growth and early harvest.
Detailed Description
The present application is further described below in conjunction with specific examples to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application and to practice it, which are not intended to limit the present application.
The application provides a method for quickly building a garden by hybrid mulberry, which comprises the following steps,
(1) taking alternate-year hybrid mulberry seeds, and mixing the seeds with dichlorvos, wherein the hybrid mulberry seeds are alternate-year hybrid mulberry seeds which are collected in the current year or have the germination rate of 90%.
(2) Transferring the hybrid mulberry seeds after seed dressing into a hole tray filled with a substrate, wherein each hole comprises 50 holes, 2 hybrid mulberry seeds are placed in each hole, the substrate is a mixture of cow dung and river mud, and the weight ratio of the cow dung: the mass ratio of the river mud is 3: 1.
(3) laying a layer of mulching film or grass covering cloth on the ground of the plastic greenhouse, arranging the hole trays on the mulching film in order, covering a layer of shading net on the hole trays, watering for one time to permeate water, removing the shading net after sowing for 1 week, wherein the shading net is a 70% black shading net, watering for one time to permeate water, taking the fact that water seeps out from the seepage holes under the hole trays as the criterion, watering for one time in the morning and evening every day after removing the shading net, taking the wetting of the surface layer of the matrix as the criterion, and watering for only one time every day after 2 pieces of sub-leaves are opened.
(4) And after the first true leaf grows out, spraying a leaf fertilizer every 7 days, wherein the leaf fertilizer comprises 1% of compound fertilizer liquid (N: P: K is 15:15:15), and when the leaf period is 3-5, applying a compound fertilizer once, and applying 5g of the compound fertilizer in each hole.
(5) Hardening the seedlings when the root systems of the plug mulberry seedlings surround the substrate for four weeks;
(6) hardening off the mulberry seedlings for 5-7 days, and watering the mulberry seedlings in time when leaves of the mulberry seedlings wither;
(7) loosening, fixing the furrow, applying enough base fertilizer, and covering a layer of mulching film or grass cloth on the surface of the furrow;
(8) watering is not carried out 1-2 days before transplanting, the mulberry seedlings are pinched from the bottom when being taken, the mulberry seedlings are provided with the matrix as much as possible, the completeness of root systems is ensured, and holes are punched on the mulching film every 20cm when transplanting, and the hole diameter is 6 cm.
(9) Putting the hole tray mulberry seedlings with the matrix into the planting holes, then hilling the rhizosphere of the mulberry seedlings by using surface soil or organic fertilizer, leveling the hilled soil to the root neck of the mulberry seedlings, then compacting and watering enough root fixing water. After seedling transplantation, fertilizer and water management is enhanced, and after 2 months, leaves can be picked for silkworm breeding.
The application provides a method for quickly building a garden for hybrid mulberry, which relates to plug seedling, saves seed cost by 50-70%, and can be sowed all the year round; the seedling rate of the seeds reaches 95 percent by using the plug seedling, and a garden can be directly and quickly built; the plug seedlings produced by the invention can be transplanted all the year round. The transplanting technology of the invention is to fix the seedlings together with soil, and the damage to the root system is small. In tropical areas with much rainwater, high air temperature and vigorous weeds, the transplanted mulberry seedlings have short seedling recovery, fast growth and early harvest.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present application, and the scope of the present application is not limited thereto. The equivalent substitution or change made by the person skilled in the art on the basis of the present application is within the protection scope of the present application. The protection scope of this application is subject to the claims.
Claims (3)
1. A method for quickly building a garden by hybrid mulberry is characterized by comprising the following steps,
(1) taking the hybrid mulberry seeds in the current year or every other year, and dressing the seeds with dichlorvos;
(2) transferring the hybrid mulberry seeds after seed dressing into a hole tray filled with a substrate, wherein each hole comprises 50 holes, 2 hybrid mulberry seeds are placed in each hole, the substrate is a mixture of cow dung and river mud, and the weight ratio of the cow dung: the mass ratio of the river mud is 3: 1;
(3) paving a layer of mulching film or grass covering cloth on the ground of the plastic greenhouse, arranging the hole trays on the mulching film in order, covering a layer of shading net on the hole trays, watering for one time, draining off the shading net after 1 week of sowing, wherein the shading net is a 70% black shading net, watering for one time for water permeation, and taking out water from the water permeation holes below the hole trays as the standard;
(4) spraying a leaf fertilizer every 7 days after the first true leaf grows out, wherein the leaf fertilizer comprises 1% of compound fertilizer liquid, and applying 5g of compound fertilizer in each hole tray when the leaf is in a 3-5 true leaf period;
(5) hardening the seedlings when the root systems of the plug mulberry seedlings surround the substrate for four weeks;
(6) hardening off the mulberry seedlings for 5-7 days, and watering the mulberry seedlings in time when leaves of the mulberry seedlings wither;
(7) loosening, fixing the furrow, applying enough base fertilizer, and covering a layer of mulching film or grass cloth on the surface of the furrow;
(8) when transplanting, punching holes on the mulching film, taking out the mulberry seedlings together with soil from the hole trays, not watering 1-2 days before transplanting, pinching the mulberry seedlings from the bottom when taking the mulberry seedlings to enable the mulberry seedlings to have matrix as much as possible, ensuring complete root systems, and punching holes on the mulching film every 20cm when transplanting, wherein the hole diameter is 6 cm;
(9) putting the hole tray mulberry seedlings with the matrix into the planting holes, then hilling the rhizosphere of the mulberry seedlings by using surface soil or organic fertilizer, leveling the hilled soil to the root neck of the mulberry seedlings, then compacting and watering enough root fixing water.
2. The method for rapidly building a orchard for hybrid mulberry according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the hybrid mulberry seeds are perennial seeds with the current year collection or germination rate of more than 85%.
3. The method for rapidly building a orchard for hybrid mulberry as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step (3) further comprises watering the orchard once every morning and evening after removing the shading net, the watering amount is based on the wetting of the surface layer of the substrate, and the watering is only performed once every day when 2 cotyledons are opened.
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| CN110663437A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-01-10 | 龙里县绿源智慧农业有限公司 | Mulberry seedling exercising technology |
| CN110754348A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-02-07 | 重庆市药物种植研究所 | Novel polygonatum cyrtonema seed seedling culture method |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104186189A (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2014-12-10 | 苏州大学 | Mulberry seedling cultivation method employing trays |
| CN109041853A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-12-21 | 四川省农业科学院蚕业研究所 | A kind of production method of mulberry tree simple bud grafting rapid high yield orchard establishment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104186189A (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2014-12-10 | 苏州大学 | Mulberry seedling cultivation method employing trays |
| CN109041853A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-12-21 | 四川省农业科学院蚕业研究所 | A kind of production method of mulberry tree simple bud grafting rapid high yield orchard establishment |
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