CN106376323A - Fruit and vegetable non-tillage cultivation method - Google Patents
Fruit and vegetable non-tillage cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106376323A CN106376323A CN201610758208.9A CN201610758208A CN106376323A CN 106376323 A CN106376323 A CN 106376323A CN 201610758208 A CN201610758208 A CN 201610758208A CN 106376323 A CN106376323 A CN 106376323A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of vegetable cultivation and concretely relates to a fruit and vegetable non-tillage cultivation method. The fruit and vegetable non-tillage cultivation method comprises steps of (1) digging trenches and arranging furrows, (2) applying fertilizer, (3) covering a mulch film and arranging a rack, (4) transplanting fruit and vegetable seedlings, (5) remaining residual roots and vines after the vegetables are harvested and enabling the vine to natural die away, (6) continuing the plantation and transplanting fruit and vegetable seedlings different from the types of the step (4) on the original mulch film and to enabling the vines to climb along the rack and blighted residual branches of the former vegetables. The fruit and vegetable non-tillage cultivation method can obviously reduce labor cost required by plowing and mulch film covering, reduce mulch film cost due to exchanges of the mulch films and environmental pollution; and a traditional non-tillage technology is combined with a modern vegetable cultivation thought, so great application prospect is provided for organic production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of vegetable cultivation, it is more particularly to a kind of method of no-tillage cultivation fruit vegetables.
Background technology
No-tillage cultivated also known as zero, refer to that crop arranges soil without plough, rake before broadcasting, do not clear up crop cover, directly in former stubble
Sow on the ground, during broadcasting ensuing crop fertility, do not use farm implements to carry out the methods of cultivation of soil management.Zero tillage technology has section
Save the energy, increase soil organic matter content, increase soil moisture content and Moisture Availability, reduce soil drifting and water erosion, slow down
The advantages of process of soil degradation.No-tillage cultivation technology can realize energy-conservation, water saving, the unification of section fertilizer；Soil can be reduced invade
Erosion, test shows, zero tillage ratio method of turning over reduces soil losses 92%～96%, and water retention in soil increases by more than 50%；
Environment can be improved, particularly have obvious effect to the desertification solving the problems, such as northern China agriculture district.
Compared with conventional cultivation, recruitment reduces 50-60% to no-tillage cultivation, and labor cost reduces 40%- 80%, warp
Ji benefit improves 20% -30%.In Canada, no-tillage than the production cost saving 15% of turning over, wherein energy consumption reduces 50%,
Labor cost reduces 40%.No-tillage cultivation is combined with Mechanization Technique, improves working performance, shortens the time in busy farming season,
Alleviate the contradiction of season and labour force, reach the purpose do not missed farming season, begin sowing in good time.Therefore, no-tillage cultivation extends effectively
The crop growth time, increase processed, improve crop yield and economic benefit.
And fruit vegetables needs water, fertilizer requirement big, the furrow face of no-tillage field is flat, exists big unlike tillage and cultivation
Space and rubbish, such as rainfall, rainwater stops slowly, and runoff is fast, typically no big hydrops, and the seedling of field planting is difficult by waterlogging caused by excessive rain
Harm.Carry out no-tillage cultivation in arid season, because field is not ploughed, moisture loss is few, because of the arable layer hair below seeding layer
Tubule is not cut off, and moisture can rise to the seeding layer of earth's surface along capillary tube, plays the effect of taking precautions against drought.Often plough and can destroy soil
The ecological environment of microorganism, leads to the minimizing of a certain micro organism quantity or increases, and thus affects the decomposition to fertilizer.Surface layer
Organic substance is acted on by aerobic microbiological, mostly nutrient can be utilized, such as carries out farming, these available nutrients are translated into arable layer
Go, cannot be fully utilized, and the unavailable nutrient in soil bottom moves on to come above, vegetable early stage can not absorb profit
With often falling with rain water runoff.Fertilizer loss can be reduced using zero tillage, so that ripening table soil is fully used.
Content of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides one kind is suitable to fruit vegetables no-tillage cultivation method, in the no-tillage skill of inheriting tradition
On the basis of art, the higher fruit vegetables technology of development benefit, reduces labour cost, the economic benefit of lifting growing vegetables.
The technical problem to be solved is achieved by the following technical programs：
A kind of fruit vegetables no-tillage cultivation method is：
（1）Trench digging sets furrow；
（2）Fertilising；
（3）Lid mulch film, builds a framework；
（4）Transplant fruit vegetables Seedling；
（5）Vegetable does not clear up root system and the tendril of remnants after harvesting, allow tendril naturally to wither；
（6）Original place film continues transplant plantation and step（4）Different types of fruit vegetables Seedling, allows its tendril along shelf
With upper one batch of vegetable withered residual branch climbing.
Further, described fruit vegetables includes Fructus Solani melongenae, Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, Fructus Cucumidis sativi, Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae, Fructus Benincasae, Fructus Luffae, snake melon, calabash courd, Serpentiss
Melon, Kidney bean, Semen vignae sinensiss, garden pea.
Further, step（1）Described trench digging sets furrow, is to determine furrow width and the furrow ditch width of fruit vegetables cultural area, bottom of trench
Wide 20cm, ditch top width 25-30cm, adjacent two ditch centre distances 150cm, reality can utilize ridge face width 120cm.
Further, step（2）Described fertilising is uniformly to be sprinkled into fertilizer in the position of furrow face；Furrow ditch is loosened the soil
Afterwards, the soil of furrow ditch is provoked and pave in furrow face.
The present invention, with respect to prior art, has such advantages as and beneficial effect：
The no-tillage cultivation method of fruit vegetables of the present invention can significantly reduce turn over, the labour force needed for epiphragma, save labour force 3
Individual/mu, simultaneously thin film cover and reduce weeds, artificial uprooting weed 4 times can be reduced, save labour force 12/mu.100 yuan for each person every day,
Then cost-effective 1500 yuan.
The preferable mulch film of no-tillage cultivation method use quality of fruit vegetables of the present invention, can continuously no-tillage use, and
Can pack up and carry out harmless treatment, reduce pollution.
Traditional no-tillage technology mode is combined by the present invention with modern vegetable growing theory, cost-effective, in organic production
In there is fabulous application prospect.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention will be described in detail.
Embodiment 1
The enforcement time：On November 30,12 days to 2015 October in 2014.
Enforcement place：The four seasons share organic farm booth area P29.
Embodiment：Carried out using " Fructus Fragariae Ananssae Fructus Luffae " no-tillage：
1）Determine ditch bottom width 20cm, ditch top width 25-30cm, adjacent two ditch centre distances 150cm, reality can utilize ridge face width
120cm about.
2）Uniformly it is sprinkled into fertilizer in the position of furrow face；After furrow ditch is loosened the soil, the soil of furrow ditch is provoked in furrow face
Pave.
3）Cover mulch film, build a framework；
4）October 12 transplanted, by Fructus Fragariae Ananssae transplantation of seedlings in whole good ground, 1/cave, and common 7000-10000/mu.
5）Early April harvests Fructus Fragariae Ananssae, but does not clear up root system and the tendril of remnants, allows tendril naturally to wither；.
6）Transplant Fructus Luffae Seedling mid-April, allow its tendril along the withered residual branch climbing of shelf and upper one batch of vegetable.Other
Cultivation step carry out according to conventional vegetable-cultivating organic mode, until harvest.
Implementation result：1.3 mu of booth, minimizing is turned over, the labour force needed for epiphragma, saves labour force 4, thin film simultaneously
Cover and reduce weeds, artificial uprooting weed 4 times can be reduced, save labour force 12.100 yuan for each person every day, then cost-effective 1600 yuan.
Embodiment 2
The enforcement time：On April 30th, 2015 was to November 30.
Enforcement place：The four seasons share organic farm booth area C04.
Embodiment：Carried out using " fresh kidney beans Fructus Luffae " no-tillage：
1）Determine ditch bottom width 20cm, ditch top width 25-30cm, adjacent two ditch centre distances 150cm, reality can utilize ridge face width
120cm about.
2）Uniformly it is sprinkled into fertilizer in the position of furrow face；After furrow ditch is loosened the soil, the soil of furrow ditch is provoked in furrow face
Pave.
3）Cover mulch film, build a framework；
4）April 30 transplanted, by fresh kidney beans transplantation of seedlings in whole good ground, 1/cave, and common 4500-5000 cave/mu.
5）Harvest fresh kidney beans mid-June, do not clear up root system and the tendril of remnants, allow tendril naturally to wither；
6）Late June transplants Fructus Luffae Seedling, allows its tendril along the withered residual branch climbing of shelf and upper one batch of vegetable.Other cultivations
Training measure is carried out according to conventional vegetable-cultivating organic mode, until harvesting.
Implementation result：2 mu of ground, minimizing is turned over, the labour force needed for epiphragma, saves labour force 6, and thin film covers simultaneously
Reduce weeds, artificial uprooting weed 4 times can be reduced, save labour force 24.100 yuan for each person every day, then cost-effective 3000 yuan.
Embodiment 3
The enforcement time：On March 10th, 2015 was to October 31.
Enforcement place：The four seasons share organic farm D01.
Embodiment：Carried out using " the big green cucumber of fresh kidney beans " crop rotation method：
1）Determine ditch bottom width 20cm, ditch top width 25-30cm, adjacent two ditch centre distances 150cm, reality can utilize ridge face width
120cm about.
2）Uniformly it is sprinkled into fertilizer in the position of furrow face；After furrow ditch is loosened the soil, the soil of furrow ditch is provoked in furrow face
Pave.
3）Cover mulch film, build a framework；
4）March 10 transplanted, by fresh kidney beans transplantation of seedlings in whole good ground, 1/cave, and common 4500-5000 cave/mu.
5）Late June harvests fresh kidney beans, but does not clear up root system and the tendril of remnants, allows tendril naturally to wither；
6）Transplant Folium Isatidis melon seedling mid-July, allow its tendril along the withered residual branch climbing of shelf and upper one batch of vegetable.Other
Cultivation step is carried out according to conventional vegetable-cultivating organic mode, until harvesting.
Implementation result：1.7 mu of ground, minimizing is turned over, the labour force needed for epiphragma, saves labour force 5, thin film covers simultaneously
Lid reduces weeds, can reduce artificial uprooting weed 4 times, saves labour force 20.100 yuan for each person every day, then cost-effective 2500 yuan.
Embodiment described above only have expressed embodiments of the present invention, and its description is more concrete and detailed, but can not
Therefore it is interpreted as the restriction to the scope of the claims of the present invention, as long as the skill being obtained in the form of equivalent or equivalent transformation
Art scheme, all should fall within the scope and spirit of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of fruit vegetables no-tillage cultivation method it is characterised in that：
（1）Trench digging sets furrow；
（2）Fertilising；
（3）Lid mulch film, builds a framework；
（4）Transplant fruit vegetables Seedling；
（5）Vegetable does not clear up root system and the tendril of remnants after harvesting, allow tendril naturally to wither；
（6）Original place film continues transplant plantation and step（4）Different types of fruit vegetables Seedling, allows its tendril along shelf
With upper one batch of vegetable withered residual branch climbing.
2. fruit vegetables no-tillage cultivation method according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：Described fruit vegetables includes
Fructus Solani melongenae, Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, Fructus Cucumidis sativi, Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae, Fructus Benincasae, Fructus Luffae, snake melon, calabash courd, Fructus Trichosanthis anguinae, Kidney bean, Semen vignae sinensiss, garden pea.
3. fruit vegetables no-tillage cultivation method according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：Step（1）Described trench digging sets
Furrow, are to determine furrow width and the furrow ditch width of fruit vegetables cultural area, ditch bottom width 20cm, ditch top width 25-30cm, adjacent two ditch centre-to-centre spacing
From 150cm, reality can utilize ridge face width 120cm.
4. fruit vegetables no-tillage cultivation method according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：Step（2）Described fertilising is
Uniformly it is sprinkled into fertilizer in the position of furrow face；After furrow ditch is loosened the soil, the soil of furrow ditch is provoked and paves in furrow face.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610758208.9A CN106376323A (en) | 2016-08-30 | 2016-08-30 | Fruit and vegetable non-tillage cultivation method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610758208.9A CN106376323A (en) | 2016-08-30 | 2016-08-30 | Fruit and vegetable non-tillage cultivation method |
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| CN106376323A true CN106376323A (en) | 2017-02-08 |
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| CN201610758208.9A Pending CN106376323A (en) | 2016-08-30 | 2016-08-30 | Fruit and vegetable non-tillage cultivation method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108934830A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-12-07 | 浙江省农业科学院 | A kind of no-tillage cultivation method when cucumber is changed crops |
| CN109548576A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2019-04-02 | 镇江三龙生态农业发展有限公司 | A kind of bottle gourd greenhouse cultivation method |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2101358U (en) * | 1991-07-13 | 1992-04-15 | 吴显启 | Digging machine with bent blade |
| CN103329719A (en) * | 2013-07-11 | 2013-10-02 | 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 | Continuous-cropping no-tillage cultivation method of melons |
| CN103563625A (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2014-02-12 | 杨树东 | Method for cultivating Chinese yams in no-tillage tuberization manner |
| CN105766298A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-07-20 | 湖南省农业信息与工程研究所 | Crop rotation organic cultivation method for summer and autumn watermelons, vegetable broad beans, rice and chufas |
-
2016
- 2016-08-30 CN CN201610758208.9A patent/CN106376323A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2101358U (en) * | 1991-07-13 | 1992-04-15 | 吴显启 | Digging machine with bent blade |
| CN103329719A (en) * | 2013-07-11 | 2013-10-02 | 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 | Continuous-cropping no-tillage cultivation method of melons |
| CN103563625A (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2014-02-12 | 杨树东 | Method for cultivating Chinese yams in no-tillage tuberization manner |
| CN105766298A (en) * | 2016-03-11 | 2016-07-20 | 湖南省农业信息与工程研究所 | Crop rotation organic cultivation method for summer and autumn watermelons, vegetable broad beans, rice and chufas |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109548576A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2019-04-02 | 镇江三龙生态农业发展有限公司 | A kind of bottle gourd greenhouse cultivation method |
| CN108934830A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-12-07 | 浙江省农业科学院 | A kind of no-tillage cultivation method when cucumber is changed crops |
| CN108934830B (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2020-10-09 | 浙江省农业科学院 | No-tillage cultivation method for cucumber in stubble replacement |
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Application publication date: 20170208 |
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