CN103340104B - Apple seedling cultivation method capable of being suitable for southern Hunan and sub-southern Hunan - Google Patents
Apple seedling cultivation method capable of being suitable for southern Hunan and sub-southern Hunan Download PDFInfo
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- CN103340104B CN103340104B CN201310294958.1A CN201310294958A CN103340104B CN 103340104 B CN103340104 B CN 103340104B CN 201310294958 A CN201310294958 A CN 201310294958A CN 103340104 B CN103340104 B CN 103340104B
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- 235000011430 Malus pumila Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 235000015103 Malus silvestris Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 241000220225 Malus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 235000009024 Ceanothus sanguineus Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 240000003553 Leptospermum scoparium Species 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000015459 Lycium barbarum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 240000001279 Malus baccata Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000005079 Malus baccata Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 240000007119 Malus pumila Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 16
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 241001481296 Malus spectabilis Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000034303 cell budding Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010724 Wisteria floribunda Nutrition 0.000 abstract 3
- 240000008936 Malus x robusta Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000036536 Cave Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003608 Feces Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000000292 Gouania lupuloides Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000001366 Gouania lupuloides Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000026676 system process Effects 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention discloses an apple seedling cultivation method capable of being suitable for southern Hunan and sub-southern Hunan. The method includes the following steps that a, branches of three apple trees of red Fuji spur, Gala and Chenyang are utilized to be grafted in high positions of wild sweet tea tree rootstock in the South; when apple grafted seedlings grow to 70cm, sweet tea tree branches on the rootstock are pruned so as to facilitate growth of the apple grafted seedlings; b. southern wild sweet tea tree branches are grafted to southern wild malus baccata tree rootstock in a T-shaped mode in autumn 8-9 month, and the top of the malus baccata rootstock is pruned before 20 days of sprouting of the sweet tea tree branches in the first ten-day period of the march of the year ensuing; c. branch sprouts of red Fuji spur after fruits are hung are grafted to the sweet tea branches which grow tall after grafting through the step b by means of the step a in autumn 8-9 month; d. the branch sprouts of the red Fuji spur through the step c are utilized to be grafted to malus robusta rootstock until the autumn 8-9 month of the next year after the year ensuing after grafting in the step c.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of apple cultivation method, relate in particular to the apple sapling cultivating method of a kind of Xiang Nan of being suitable for and areas to the south.
Background technology
Apple is a kind of plant of cold-resistant non-refractory, is suitable for that summer climate is dry, illumination is sufficient and winter temperature cools, day and night temperature is large area, therefore be grown in the north.Especially Xiang Nan and areas to the south's region temperature is high, high humidity of south, day and night temperature is little, and the plum rains time is long, and present apple tree is unsuitable for planting in south.Through test for many years, can not be in southern normal growth result the apple sapling of north; Even if the apple sapling that the Apple Seeds of north is cultivated in south according to conventional method can not normal growth result.At present, south yet there are no and successfully plants apple by north method.Although adopting some distinctive methods successfully to plant apple near northern part southern area,, its method can not be applicable to China Xiang Nan and areas to the south.Successfully plant apple at Xiang Nan and areas to the south, key is to locate a kind of feasible method and cultivates the apple sapling that can be suitable for Xiang Nan and areas to the south.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is just to provide the apple sapling cultivating method of a kind of Xiang Nan of being suitable for and areas to the south.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, method provided by the invention comprises the steps:
A. use Red Fuji Spur, three kinds of apple tree branch high position graftings of loud, high-pitched sound and sun in morning on the wild sweet tea tree stock in south; In the time that apple grafting grows to 50 centimetres, remove bandage; In the time that apple grafting grows to 70 centimetres, wipe out sweet tea tree branch on stock so that the growth of apple grafting, and apply fertilizer, pruning and prevention and elimination of disease and pests management, bear fruit to apple grafting after 3 years;
B. use southern Wild sweet tea branch bar 8-9 in the autumn month to set on stock to the wild Malus baccata in south with " T " shaped budding, germinate and within first 20 days, wipe out Malus baccata stock top to the sweet tea tree branch of spring next year early March; In the time that sweet tea Engraftment seedling grows to 30 centimetres high, remove grafting bandage, water, fertilising and prevention and elimination of disease and pests management;
C. the Red Fuji Spur branch bar bud grafting after bearing fruit with step a grafting the 8-9 month in autumn, on the sweet tea tree branch after step b grafting is grown tall, in the time that apple seedling grows to 50 centimetres high, is removed grafting bandage, waters, fertilising and prevention and elimination of disease and pests management;
D. arrive Second Year 8-9 in the autumn month after step c grafting, use again Red Fuji Spur Apple Cultivar branch bud grafting through step c to eight rib Malus spectabilis stocks, in the time that apple grafting grows to 30 centimetres high, remove grafting bandage, water, fertilising and prevention and elimination of disease and pests management, Second Year early March in spring can be transplanted.
In above-mentioned steps, grafting and daily management can adopt the conventional method of prior art.
As further improvement, before the first eight rib Malus spectabilis stock of steps d is transplanted, every mu of 2500Kg of composite fertilizer is used in garden, described composite fertilizer is mixed by the ash of percentage by weight 40%, 10% lime and 50% farm organic fertilizer.
By above-mentioned steps of the present invention, apple sapling has obtained adapting to the optimization of Xiang Nan and areas to the south's natural environment.Adopt apple sapling that method of the present invention cultivates can be high at Xiang Nan and areas to the south's region temperature, normal growth, result in the environment of high humidity.This apple sapling is transplanted, managed according to the general planting method of apple.
Adopt apple sapling that method of the present invention cultivates in Xiang Nan and areas to the south as the evidence of Guangxi, Guangdong plantation: adopt the apple sapling that method of the present invention cultivates not only can be in Xiang Nan and area, areas to the south normal growth result, and early ripe, annual June is ripe; Bear fruit height, high and stable yield, reliable and stable; Mouthfeel is fresh and sweet, crisp.As 2004 this apple sapling of area, south, Hunan plantation 200 strains, 2006 produce 5000 kilograms of fruits per year, and 25 kilograms of fruits are produced in average every strain; 30 kilograms of fruits are produced in the every strain of 2007 annual; 35 kilograms of fruits are produced in the every strain of 2008 annual; 40 kilograms of fruits are produced in the every strain of 2009 annual; Within 2010, average every strain is stable afterwards produces fruit more than 40 kilograms.
Embodiment
Describe the embodiment of the inventive method below in detail, but be not limited only to following examples.
Embodiment mono-
A. use Red Fuji Spur, three kinds of apple tree branch high position graftings of loud, high-pitched sound and sun in morning on the wild sweet tea tree stock in south; In the time that apple grafting grows to 50 centimetres, remove bandage; In the time that apple grafting grows to 70 centimetres, wipe out sweet tea tree branch on stock so that the growth of apple grafting, and apply fertilizer, pruning and prevention and elimination of disease and pests management, bear fruit to apple grafting after 3 years;
B. use southern Wild sweet tea branch bar to set on stock to the wild Malus baccata in south with " T " shaped budding August in autumn, germinate and within first 20 days, wipe out Malus baccata stock top to the sweet tea tree branch of spring next year early March; In the time that sweet tea Engraftment seedling grows to 30 centimetres high, remove grafting bandage, water, fertilising and prevention and elimination of disease and pests management;
C. the Red Fuji Spur branch bar bud grafting after bearing fruit with step a grafting August in autumn, on the sweet tea tree branch after step b grafting is grown tall, in the time that apple seedling grows to 50 centimetres high, is removed grafting bandage, waters, fertilising and prevention and elimination of disease and pests management;
D. arrive after step c grafting Second Year August in autumn, use again Red Fuji Spur Apple Cultivar branch bud grafting through step c to eight rib Malus spectabilis stocks, in the time that apple grafting grows to 30 centimetres high, remove grafting bandage, water, fertilising and prevention and elimination of disease and pests management, Second Year early March in spring can be transplanted.
In above-mentioned steps, grafting and daily management are the conventional methods that adopts prior art.
In order effectively to control the Red Fuji Spur Apple Cultivar branch stripping of last grafting, to form brachyplast vigorous branches, promote flower bud differentiation, as further improvement, before the first eight rib Malus spectabilis stock of steps d is transplanted, every mu of 2500Kg of composite fertilizer is used in garden, described composite fertilizer is mixed by the ash of percentage by weight 40%, 10% lime and 50% farm organic fertilizer.
Embodiment bis-
A. use Red Fuji Spur, three kinds of apple tree branch high position graftings of loud, high-pitched sound and sun in morning on the wild sweet tea tree stock in south; In the time that apple grafting grows to 50 centimetres, remove bandage; In the time that apple grafting grows to 70 centimetres, wipe out sweet tea tree branch on stock so that the growth of apple grafting, and apply fertilizer, pruning and prevention and elimination of disease and pests management, bear fruit to apple grafting after 3 years;
B. use southern Wild sweet tea branch bar to set on stock to the wild Malus baccata in south with " T " shaped budding September in autumn, germinate and within first 20 days, wipe out Malus baccata stock top to the sweet tea tree branch of spring next year early March; In the time that sweet tea Engraftment seedling grows to 30 centimetres high, remove grafting bandage, water, fertilising and prevention and elimination of disease and pests management;
C. the Red Fuji Spur branch bar bud grafting after bearing fruit with step a grafting September in autumn, on the sweet tea tree branch after step b grafting is grown tall, in the time that apple seedling grows to 50 centimetres high, is removed grafting bandage, waters, fertilising and prevention and elimination of disease and pests management;
D. arrive after step c grafting Second Year September in autumn, use again Red Fuji Spur Apple Cultivar branch bud grafting through step c to eight rib Malus spectabilis stocks, in the time that apple grafting grows to 30 centimetres high, remove grafting bandage, water, fertilising and prevention and elimination of disease and pests management, Second Year early March in spring can be transplanted.
In above-mentioned steps, grafting and daily management are the conventional methods that adopts prior art.
In order effectively to control the Red Fuji Spur Apple Cultivar branch stripping of last grafting, to form brachyplast vigorous branches, promote flower bud differentiation, as further improvement, before the first eight rib Malus spectabilis stock of steps d is transplanted, every mu of 2500Kg of composite fertilizer is used in garden, described composite fertilizer is mixed by the ash of percentage by weight 40%, 10% lime and 50% farm organic fertilizer.
This apple sapling of cultivating is transplanted, managed according to the general planting method of apple tree.Plant pronucleus to kind, classification, wipe out weak long root, nursery stock master is stayed to 20-30 centimetre, root immersion 12-20 hour, while planting, root system processes or is coated with the mud of spreading manure with root-inducing powder, and balled transplanting, promotes root of hair, and raising survives.Having measured field planting by distance between rows and hills puts and demarcates, before cultivation, dig planting pit (ditch), the dark 70-80 centimetre in cave, put base fertilizer well, 0.5 kilogram, phosphate fertilizer is put in each cave, and 2 liang of composite fertilizers or corruption farmyard manure 5-10 kilogram pour water heavy real by subsoil order backfill after first showing soil, be advisable so that seedling grafting mouth is equal with ground in case nursery stock is planted the rear heavy depth of planting, dwarfing interstock and short white root anvil seedling are with interface 10 centimetres of left and right above ground level.Fixing in time dish, plants in limit, pours water in limit, the crooked nursery stock of righting in time, and earth up at butt.Spend 7 days and fill with again water one time, open up after leaf with backsight soil regime in good time, discovery is short of seedling and will be mended in time cultivation, for making to branch out as early as possible and meet shaping requirement, should carve bud at lower position and ask branch, 50 centimetres of rudiments on the ground of erasing at any time vegetative period, when nursery stock grows to 60 centimetres, major branch young sprout is removed to processing, be shaped to accelerate tree crown.
Claims (1)
1. the apple sapling cultivating method that can be suitable for Xiang Nan and areas to the south, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
A. use Red Fuji Spur, three kinds of apple tree branch high position graftings of loud, high-pitched sound and sun in morning on the wild sweet tea tree stock in south; In the time that apple grafting grows to 50 centimetres, remove bandage; In the time that apple grafting grows to 70 centimetres, wipe out sweet tea tree branch on stock so that the growth of apple grafting, and apply fertilizer, pruning and prevention and elimination of disease and pests management, bear fruit to apple grafting after 3 years;
B. use southern Wild sweet tea branch bar 8-9 in the autumn month to set on stock to the wild Malus baccata in south with " T " shaped budding, germinate and within first 20 days, wipe out Malus baccata stock top to the sweet tea tree branch of spring next year early March; In the time that sweet tea Engraftment seedling grows to 30 centimetres high, remove grafting bandage, water, fertilising and prevention and elimination of disease and pests management;
C. the Red Fuji Spur branch bar bud grafting after bearing fruit with step a grafting the 8-9 month in autumn, on the sweet tea tree branch after step b grafting is grown tall, in the time that apple seedling grows to 50 centimetres high, is removed grafting bandage, waters, fertilising and prevention and elimination of disease and pests management;
D. prepare nursery and transplant eight rib Malus spectabilis stocks, before eight rib Malus spectabilis stocks are transplanted, every mu of 2500Kg of composite fertilizer is used in garden, described composite fertilizer is mixed by the ash of percentage by weight 40%, 10% lime and 50% farm organic fertilizer;
E. arrive Second Year 8-9 in the autumn month after step c grafting, use again Red Fuji Spur Apple Cultivar branch bud grafting through step c to eight rib Malus spectabilis stocks, in the time that apple grafting grows to 30 centimetres high, remove grafting bandage, water, fertilising and prevention and elimination of disease and pests management, Second Year early March in spring can be transplanted.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310294958.1A CN103340104B (en) | 2013-07-15 | 2013-07-15 | Apple seedling cultivation method capable of being suitable for southern Hunan and sub-southern Hunan |
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| CN201310294958.1A CN103340104B (en) | 2013-07-15 | 2013-07-15 | Apple seedling cultivation method capable of being suitable for southern Hunan and sub-southern Hunan |
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| CN103340104B true CN103340104B (en) | 2014-07-09 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
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| CN105052648A (en) * | 2015-07-17 | 2015-11-18 | 襄汾县四通卉林果科技开发专业合作社 | Cultivation method for Jinxiu crabapple heart-shaped fruits |
| CN105532359A (en) * | 2016-01-14 | 2016-05-04 | 天津农学院 | Application of malus robusta as grafting stock of green apples |
| CN108990638A (en) * | 2018-08-04 | 2018-12-14 | 屈永奇 | A kind of control method of apple tree pest and disease damage |
| CN113039949B (en) * | 2021-03-29 | 2022-06-10 | 云南省热带作物科学研究所 | Method for producing Columbia passion fruit in high-temperature area |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1032400C (en) * | 1993-03-23 | 1996-07-31 | 姜继富 | Method for dwarf cultivation of apple tree in warmer area |
| KR20120023895A (en) * | 2010-09-02 | 2012-03-14 | 장희진 | Manufacturing method using a super-apple kind of mutation |
| CN101978815A (en) * | 2010-10-28 | 2011-02-23 | 李茂生 | Hanfu apple nursery stock top grafting method |
| CN102511352A (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2012-06-27 | 桂阳金盾南方苹果有限公司 | Apple planting method capable of being suitable for south |
| CN102986496B (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2014-08-13 | 李宝田 | Movable temperature-control cultivation method for Huahong apple trees |
| CN103053373B (en) * | 2013-01-16 | 2014-07-30 | 西北农林科技大学 | High-quality apple dwarf interstock seedling propagation method |
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