CN106665251A - Pear tree planting method - Google Patents
Pear tree planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106665251A CN106665251A CN201611252889.8A CN201611252889A CN106665251A CN 106665251 A CN106665251 A CN 106665251A CN 201611252889 A CN201611252889 A CN 201611252889A CN 106665251 A CN106665251 A CN 106665251A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a pear tree planting method. The method comprises the following steps of 1, performing contour planting, and building a horizontal stair type orchard; 2, digging large tree holes, and applying enough base fertilizer; 3, planting an improved variety of strong seedlings; 4, performing field planting; 5, performing soil, fertilizer and water management; 6, performing pruning; 7, performing pest control; 8 performing harvesting. The method has the advantages of being high in yield, good in quality and high in continuous fruiting rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fruit tree cultivation technical field, and in particular to a kind of cultural method of pear tree.
Background technology
In recent years, because consumer demand is improved constantly, outward appearance, meat to melonidum, extremely pay attention to.It is big with fruit type,
Outward appearance is beautiful, nutritious, fragrant and sweet good to eat to be preferred.And Guizhou Province's Lupanshui City belongs to Karst Mountain Areas landforms, day and night temperature is big, with
The problems such as traditional cultivation method cultivation mostly has result evening, short high yield period, early stage closing, short result time.Therefore, one is found
Plant the high pear tree cultural method of yield height, quality better, continuous fruiting rate has become the common recognition of insider.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of cultural method of the high pear tree of yield height, quality better, continuous fruiting rate.
A kind of cultural method of pear tree of the present invention, comprises the following steps：
(1) carry out contour famring, build horizontal ladder-type orchard：
Staged orchard tread width 3-4 rice, it is high outside and low outside, inside there are gutter, desilting hole；The plant of protecting ridge is planted on terraced bank side, often
Ladder plantation a line fruit tree；
(2) dig big tree nest, use sufficient base fertilizer：
Depth 0.8-1 rice, diameter 0.8-1 rice, the tree nest of spacing 3-4 rice are excavated, table soil is put nearby during digging, subsoil heap is at a distance；
After tree nest digs, the weeds wood leaf of 15-20 cm thicks is first inserted in bottom, then by farm manure 50-80 jin, compound fertilizer 1-2 jin or agriculture
Family's fertilizer 50-80 jin, phosphate fertilizer 1-2 jin and table soil are sufficiently mixed to be inserted in each tree nest, is filled to the tree volume of nest 2/3；
(3) plant breeding strong sprout：
Selection root system is good, branch enriches, bud is full, the well healed,nonsymptomatic nursery stock of graft union, and seedling root is carried out before plant
Prune, remove grafting membrane, be colonized again with clear water root immersion 10-12 hours or with root-inducing powder process after pruning；
(4) it is colonized：
December to January is colonized, and nursery stock expansion root system is put into into tree nest, is filled up with table soil；Nursery stock plants the rear same day or second
It drenches sufficient root water, one layer of 10-15 cm thick is covered after pouring and is loosened the soil and is covered black mulch film, field planting then the 7-8 months by black ground
Film is opened；Mu plants 43-50 strains；
(5) soil fertilizer and water management：
After field planting, short stalk crop or green manure are in the ranks planted, note reserving tree disk and carry out weeding or clear cultivated to setting disk；Spring
Arid can pour once permeable in rudiment, dig trenches to drain the water away in rainy season orchard；To pear tree basal dressing once every year, topdress three times；
The base manure annual 9-10 months apply, and per plant is applied farm manure 50-100 jin, fertilizer 2-10 jin；Topdressing, forward and backward in rudiment and May respectively applies one
It is secondary, treelet every time every plant of organic fertilizer 2-5 jin, into each every plant of organic fertilizer 5-8 jin of age tree；
(6) pruning：
A, field planting are done and major branch culture after nursery stock branch then surely：
The heading height of pear tree is 60-80 centimetre, retains the branch of 4 uniform stagger arrangement arrangements as major branch, remaining branch
Cut；4 major branches are kept respectively with level ground is into 110-120 degree angle and branch size, growing way are uniform；On every major branch respectively
Retain the full bud that 4-5 spacing is for 30-50 centimetre, remaining major branch part is cut, the distance of last full bud and clip
For 20-30 centimetre；
2-5 carries out side shoot culture after b, field planting：
After major branch determines, general every major branch cultivates every year a side shoot, and side shoot is developed by full bud, is kept per bar
Side shoot is with major branch into 12-20 degree angle；
The culture of c, fruitful branch and fruit-bearing shoot cluster and the culture of side shoot are carried out simultaneously：
Can cultivation results branch and fruit-bearing shoot cluster on major branch and side shoot；Fruitful branch and fruit-bearing shoot cluster culture are with uniform and stable
Principle, space abundance then can emphasis culture larger result branch group；Vertical branch branch is not as a result selected, young pear tree can suitably select and remain the back of the body
Branch branch as a result afterwards, beneficial to bearing fruit and expansion angle ahead of time；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：
Adopt during conventional method is transplanted the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and note flower and fruit protecting, flower and fruit thinning；
(8) harvest：
4-5 can be harvested after field planting, conventional field management be proceeded after harvesting, you can realize next year continuous result.
A kind of cultural method of above-mentioned pear tree, wherein：Step (2) the tree nest is excavated and backfilled in field planting the first two months
It is good.
A kind of cultural method of above-mentioned pear tree, wherein：The flower and fruit protecting, the concrete grammar of flower and fruit thinning are：
A, flower and fruit protecting：Pollinizers are prepared, Apiss are supported more, the florescence avoids spray insecticide；Initial bloom stage spraying borax, carbamide and phosphorus
To improve percentage of fertile fruit, the volume ratio of the water, Borax, carbamide and potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 5 to acid dihydride aqueous solutions of potassium:3:2:1；In case of
Initial bloom stage rainwater is not enough, can spray flower and fruit protecting medicament；
B, flower and fruit thinning：Based on fruit thinning, carry out at twice, prevent or cure a disease wormed fruit, malformed fruit and growth are dredged for the first time and is not caught up with
Fruitlet, each inflorescence typically only retain a fruit；Dredge by leaf-fruit ratio for second and go unnecessary fruit, make leaf-fruit ratio be maintained at 25-30:
1。
A kind of cultural method of above-mentioned pear tree, wherein：The flower and fruit protecting medicament is PBO (promoting and controlling agent for fruit tree).
A kind of cultural method of above-mentioned pear tree, wherein：The farm manure is mainly chicken manure, adopts conventional method natural fermentation
；The element proportioning that the fertilizer needs according to plant growing, can be commercially available on the market；The compound fertilizer is conventional
Compound potassium sulfate fertilizer, can be commercially available on the market.
The present invention compared with prior art, with obvious beneficial effect, as can be known from the above technical solutions：What the present invention was provided
The cultural method of pear tree, carries out the staged orchard of contour famring, and space availability ratio is high, is suitable to Growth of Pear Trees；Tree nest excavate and
According to pear tree growth characteristics design, the effective soil fertilizer and water management of field planting post-science can provide sufficient battalion to the plant of breeding strong sprout again
Support；Special shaping and trimming method, it is easy to form stable, high-yielding tree vigo(u)r and administrative convenience, the quality of pears is effectively ensured.
Each technical step of the present invention complements each other, and can reach early high yield, yield height, quality better, commodity rate high, continuous
Bearing capacity is strong, while effective control tree vigo(u)r, it is ensured that ventilation and penetrating light is easy to the purpose that mechanization is managed.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of cultural method of pear tree, comprises the following steps：
(1) contour famring is carried out, builds horizontal ladder-type orchard：
Staged orchard tread is wide 3 meters, high outside and low outside, inside there is gutter, desilting hole；The plant of protecting ridge is planted on terraced bank side, per ladder
Plantation a line fruit tree；
(2) dig big tree nest, use sufficient base fertilizer：
Excavate deep 0.8 meter, 1 meter of diameter, the tree nest of 3 meters of spacing, tree nest, table soil is put nearby during digging, and subsoil heap is at a distance；Tree
After nest digs, the weeds wood leaf of 15 cm thicks is first inserted in bottom, then by 50 jin of farm manure, 1 jin of conventional sulfuric acid K composite fertilizer and table
Soil is sufficiently mixed to be inserted in each tree nest, is filled to the tree volume of nest 2/3；
(3) plant breeding strong sprout：
Selection root system is good, branch enriches, bud is full, the well healed,nonsymptomatic nursery stock of graft union, and seedling root is carried out before plant
Prune, remove grafting membrane, be colonized again within 10 hours with clear water root immersion after pruning；
(4) it is colonized：
December is colonized, and nursery stock expansion root system is put into into tree nest, is filled up with table soil；The same day or second day drench foot after nursery stock is planted
Root water, covers one layer of 10 cm thick and loosens the soil and cover black mulch film after pouring, then July opens black mulch film for field planting, and mu is planted
43 plants；
(5) soil fertilizer and water management：
After field planting, short stalk crop is in the ranks planted, note reserving tree disk and carry out weeding to setting disk；Spring arid can be in rudiment
When pour once permeable, to dig trenches to drain the water away in rainy season orchard；To pear tree basal dressing once every year, topdress three times；The annual September of base manure
Apply, per plant is applied 50 jin of farm manure, 2 jin of fertilizer；Topdressing, forward and backward in rudiment and May respectively applies once, and treelet applies organic for per plant every time
2 jin of fertilizer, into each every plant of 5 jin of the organic fertilizer of age tree；
(6) pruning：
A, field planting are done and major branch culture after nursery stock branch then surely：
The heading height of pear tree is 60 centimetres, retains the branch of 4 uniform stagger arrangement arrangements as major branch, and remaining branch is cut
Fall；Keep 4 major branches respectively with level ground is into 110 degree of angles and branch size, growing way are uniform with the mode of tying up；On every major branch
Respectively 4 spacing of reservation are 30 centimetres of full bud, and remaining major branch part is cut, and last full bud is with the distance of clip
20 centimetres；
2-5 carries out side shoot culture after b, field planting：
After major branch determines, general every major branch cultivates every year a side shoot, and side shoot is developed by full bud, with the side of tying up
Formula keeps every side shoot with major branch into 12 degree of angles；
The culture of c, fruitful branch and fruit-bearing shoot cluster and the culture of side shoot are carried out simultaneously：
Can cultivation results branch and fruit-bearing shoot cluster on major branch and side shoot；Fruitful branch and fruit-bearing shoot cluster culture are with uniform and stable
Principle, space abundance then can emphasis culture larger result branch group；Vertical branch branch is not as a result selected, young pear tree can suitably select and remain the back of the body
Branch branch as a result afterwards, beneficial to bearing fruit and expansion angle ahead of time；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：
Adopt during conventional method is transplanted the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and note flower and fruit protecting, flower and fruit thinning；
The flower and fruit protecting, the concrete grammar of flower and fruit thinning are：
A, flower and fruit protecting：Pollinizers are prepared, Apiss are supported more, the florescence avoids spray insecticide；Initial bloom stage spraying borax, carbamide and phosphorus
To improve percentage of fertile fruit, the volume ratio of the water, Borax, carbamide and potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 5 to acid dihydride aqueous solutions of potassium:3:2:1；In case of
Initial bloom stage rainwater is not enough, sprays flower and fruit protecting medicament；
B, flower and fruit thinning：Based on fruit thinning, carry out at twice, prevent or cure a disease wormed fruit, malformed fruit and growth are dredged for the first time and is not caught up with
Fruitlet, each inflorescence typically only retain a fruit；Dredge by leaf-fruit ratio for second and go unnecessary fruit, make leaf-fruit ratio be maintained at 25:1.
(8) harvest：
Can harvest within 4 years after field planting, conventional field management be proceeded after harvesting, you can realize next year continuous result.
Embodiment 2
A kind of cultural method of pear tree, comprises the following steps：
(1) contour famring is carried out, builds horizontal ladder-type orchard：
Staged orchard tread is wide 4 meters, high outside and low outside, inside there is gutter, desilting hole；The plant of protecting ridge is planted on terraced bank side, per ladder
Plantation a line fruit tree；
(2) dig big tree nest, use sufficient base fertilizer：
Deep 1 meter, 0.8 meter of diameter, the tree nest of 4 meters of spacing are excavated, table soil is put nearby during digging, subsoil heap is at a distance；Tree nest digs
Afterwards, the weeds wood leaf of 20 cm thicks is first inserted in bottom, then is sufficiently mixed and inserts each 80 jin of farm manure, 2 jin of phosphate fertilizer with table soil
In tree nest, the tree volume of nest 2/3 is filled to；
(3) plant breeding strong sprout：
Selection root system is good, branch enriches, bud is full, the well healed,nonsymptomatic nursery stock of graft union, and seedling root is carried out before plant
Prune, remove grafting membrane, be colonized again within 12 hours with clear water root immersion after pruning；
(4) it is colonized：
January is colonized, and nursery stock expansion root system is put into into tree nest, is filled up with table soil；The same day or second day drench foot after nursery stock is planted
Root water, covers one layer of 15 cm thick and loosens the soil and cover black mulch film after pouring, then August opens black mulch film for field planting；Mu is planted
50 plants；
(5) soil fertilizer and water management：
After field planting, in the ranks green manuring, notes reserving tree disk and is ploughed clearly to setting disk；Spring arid can be poured in rudiment
It is once permeable, to dig trenches to drain the water away in rainy season orchard；To pear tree basal dressing once every year, topdress three times；Base manure annual October applies, often
100 jin of farm manure, 10 jin of fertilizer are applied in strain；Topdressing, forward and backward in rudiment and May respectively applies once, each every plant of organic fertilizer 5 of treelet
Jin, into each every plant of 8 jin of the organic fertilizer of age tree；
(6) pruning：
A, field planting are done and major branch culture after nursery stock branch then surely：
The heading height of pear tree is 80 centimetres, retains the branch of 4 uniform stagger arrangement arrangements as major branch, and remaining branch is cut
Fall；Keep 4 major branches respectively with level ground is into 120 degree of angles and branch size, growing way are uniform with the mode of tying up；On every major branch
Respectively 5 spacing of reservation are 50 centimetres of full bud, and remaining major branch part is cut, and last full bud is with the distance of clip
30 centimetres；
2-5 carries out side shoot culture after b, field planting：
After major branch determines, general every major branch cultivates every year a side shoot, and side shoot is developed by full bud, with the side of tying up
Formula keeps every side shoot with major branch into 20 degree of angles；
The culture of c, fruitful branch and fruit-bearing shoot cluster and the culture of side shoot are carried out simultaneously：
Can cultivation results branch and fruit-bearing shoot cluster on major branch and side shoot；Fruitful branch and fruit-bearing shoot cluster culture are with uniform and stable
Principle, space abundance then can emphasis culture larger result branch group；Vertical branch branch is not as a result selected, young pear tree can suitably select and remain the back of the body
Branch branch as a result afterwards, beneficial to bearing fruit and expansion angle ahead of time；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：
Adopt during conventional method is transplanted the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and note flower and fruit protecting, flower and fruit thinning；
The flower and fruit protecting, the concrete grammar of flower and fruit thinning are：
A, flower and fruit protecting：Pollinizers are prepared, Apiss are supported more, the florescence avoids spray insecticide；Initial bloom stage spraying borax, carbamide and phosphorus
To improve percentage of fertile fruit, the volume ratio of the water, Borax, carbamide and potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 5 to acid dihydride aqueous solutions of potassium:3:2:1；In case of
Initial bloom stage rainwater is not enough, sprays flower and fruit protecting medicament；
B, flower and fruit thinning：Based on fruit thinning, carry out at twice, prevent or cure a disease wormed fruit, malformed fruit and growth are dredged for the first time and is not caught up with
Fruitlet, each inflorescence typically only retain a fruit；Dredge by leaf-fruit ratio for second and go unnecessary fruit, make leaf-fruit ratio be maintained at 30:1.
(8) harvest：
Can harvest within 5 years after field planting, conventional field management be proceeded after harvesting, you can realize next year continuous result.
Embodiment 3
A kind of cultural method of pear tree, comprises the following steps：
(1) contour famring is carried out, builds horizontal ladder-type orchard：
Staged orchard tread is wide 3.5 meters, high outside and low outside, inside there is gutter, desilting hole；The plant of protecting ridge is planted on terraced bank side, often
Ladder plantation a line fruit tree；
(2) dig big tree nest, use sufficient base fertilizer：
Deep 0.9 meter, 0.9 meter of diameter, the tree nest of 3.5 meters of spacing are excavated, table soil is put nearby during digging, subsoil heap is at a distance；Tree nest
After digging well, the weeds wood leaf of 17 cm thicks is first inserted in bottom, then will adopt 65 jin of chicken manure, the conventional sulfuric acid of conventional method natural fermentation
1.5 jin of K composite fertilizer is sufficiently mixed with table soil to be inserted in each tree nest, is filled to the tree volume of nest 2/3, and tree nest is in field planting the first two months
Excavate and backfill；
(3) plant breeding strong sprout：
Selection root system is good, branch enriches, bud is full, the well healed,nonsymptomatic nursery stock of graft union, and seedling root is carried out before plant
Prune, remove grafting membrane, be colonized again with root-inducing powder process after pruning；
(4) it is colonized：
Mid-December is colonized, and nursery stock expansion root system is put into into tree nest, is filled up with table soil；Nursery stock plants the rear same day or second day
Sufficient root water is drenched, one layer of 13 cm thick is covered after pouring and is loosened the soil and is covered black mulch film, field planting is taken off black mulch film then mid-July
Open；Mu plants 46 plants；
(5) soil fertilizer and water management：
After field planting, short stalk crop is in the ranks planted, note reserving tree disk and carry out weeding to setting disk；Spring arid can be in rudiment
When pour once permeable, to dig trenches to drain the water away in rainy season orchard；To pear tree basal dressing once every year, topdress three times；In the annual September of base manure
Ten days applies, and per plant is applied 75 jin of chicken manure, 6 jin of the fertilizer for adopting conventional method natural fermentation；Topdressing, forward and backward in rudiment and May respectively applies one
It is secondary, treelet every time every plant of 3.5 jin of organic fertilizer, into each every plant of 6.5 jin of the organic fertilizer of age tree；
(6) pruning：
A, field planting are done and major branch culture after nursery stock branch then surely：
The heading height of pear tree is 70 centimetres, retains the branch of 4 uniform stagger arrangement arrangements as major branch, and remaining branch is cut
Fall；Adopting the mode of tying up keeps 4 major branches respectively with level ground is into 115 degree of angles and branch size, growing way are uniform；On every major branch
Respectively 4 spacing of reservation are 40 centimetres of full bud, and remaining major branch part is cut, and last full bud is with the distance of clip
25 centimetres；
2-5 carries out side shoot culture after b, field planting：
After major branch determines, general every major branch cultivates every year a side shoot, and side shoot is developed by full bud, adopts the side of tying up
Formula keeps every side shoot with major branch into 16 degree of angles；
The culture of c, fruitful branch and fruit-bearing shoot cluster and the culture of side shoot are carried out simultaneously：
Can cultivation results branch and fruit-bearing shoot cluster on major branch and side shoot；Fruitful branch and fruit-bearing shoot cluster culture are with uniform and stable
Principle, space abundance then can emphasis culture larger result branch group；Vertical branch branch is not as a result selected, young pear tree can suitably select and remain the back of the body
Branch branch as a result afterwards, beneficial to bearing fruit and expansion angle ahead of time；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：
Adopt during conventional method is transplanted the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and note flower and fruit protecting, flower and fruit thinning；
The flower and fruit protecting, the concrete grammar of flower and fruit thinning are：
A, flower and fruit protecting：Pollinizers are prepared, Apiss are supported more, the florescence avoids spray insecticide；Initial bloom stage spraying borax, carbamide and phosphorus
To improve percentage of fertile fruit, the volume ratio of the water, Borax, carbamide and potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 5 to acid dihydride aqueous solutions of potassium:3:2:1；In case of
Initial bloom stage rainwater is not enough, sprays PBO (promoting and controlling agent for fruit tree)；
B, flower and fruit thinning：Based on fruit thinning, carry out at twice, prevent or cure a disease wormed fruit, malformed fruit and growth are dredged for the first time and is not caught up with
Fruitlet, each inflorescence typically only retain a fruit；Dredge by leaf-fruit ratio for second and go unnecessary fruit, make leaf-fruit ratio be maintained at 27:1.
(8) harvest：
Can harvest within 4 years after field planting, conventional field management be proceeded after harvesting, you can realize next year continuous result.
By the formula adjustment of base fertilizer in above-described embodiment step (2) be 80 jin of farm manure, 2 jin of conventional sulfuric acid K composite fertilizer or
65 jin of 50 jin of farm manure, 1 jin of phosphate fertilizer or farm manure, 1.5 jin of phosphate fertilizer；Step (3) is adjusted to the time of clear water root immersion
It is capable of achieving the present invention within 11 hours.
The above, is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, and any pro forma restriction is not made to the present invention, is appointed
What any is simply repaiied without departing from technical solution of the present invention content according to what the technical spirit of the present invention was made to above example
Change, equivalent variations and modification, still fall within the range of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of cultural method of pear tree, comprises the following steps：
(1) carry out contour famring, build horizontal ladder-type orchard：
Staged orchard tread width 3-4 rice, it is high outside and low outside, inside there are gutter, desilting hole；The plant of protecting ridge is planted on terraced bank side, per ladder kind
Plant a line fruit tree；
(2) dig big tree nest, use sufficient base fertilizer：
Depth 0.8-1 rice, diameter 0.8-1 rice, the tree nest of spacing 3-4 rice are excavated, table soil is put nearby during digging, subsoil heap is at a distance；Tree nest
Dig it is good after, the weeds wood leaf of 15-20 cm thicks is first inserted in bottom, then by farm manure 50-80 jin, compound fertilizer 1-2 jin or farm manure
50-80 jin, phosphate fertilizer 1-2 jin and table soil are sufficiently mixed to be inserted in each tree nest, is filled to the tree volume of nest 2/3；
(3) plant breeding strong sprout：
Selection root system is good, branch enriches, bud is full, the well healed,nonsymptomatic nursery stock of graft union, seedling root is pruned before plant,
Grafting membrane is removed, is colonized again with clear water root immersion 10-12 hours or with root-inducing powder process after pruning；
(4) it is colonized：
December to January is colonized, and nursery stock expansion root system is put into into tree nest, is filled up with table soil；The same day or second day drench after nursery stock is planted
Sufficient root water, covers one layer of 10-15 cm thick and loosens the soil and cover black mulch film after pouring, field planting is taken off black mulch film then the 7-8 months
Open；Mu plants 43-50 strains；
(5) soil fertilizer and water management：
After field planting, short stalk crop or green manure are in the ranks planted, note reserving tree disk and carry out weeding or clear cultivated to setting disk；Spring arid
Can pour once permeable in rudiment, to dig trenches to drain the water away in rainy season orchard；To pear tree basal dressing once every year, topdress three times；Base manure
Apply the 9-10 months every year, per plant is applied farm manure 50-100 jin, fertilizer 2-10 jin；Topdressing, forward and backward in rudiment and May respectively applies once,
Treelet every time every plant of organic fertilizer 2-5 jin, into each every plant of organic fertilizer 5-8 jin of age tree；
(6) pruning：
A, field planting are done and major branch culture after nursery stock branch then surely：
The heading height of pear tree is 60-80 centimetre, retains the branch of 4 uniform stagger arrangement arrangements as major branch, and remaining branch is cut；
4 major branches are kept respectively with level ground is into 110-120 degree angle and branch size, growing way are uniform；Retain respectively on every major branch
4-5 spacing is 30-50 centimetre of full bud, and remaining major branch part is cut, and last full bud is 20- with the distance of clip
30 centimetres；
2-5 carries out side shoot culture after b, field planting：
After major branch determines, general every major branch cultivates every year a side shoot, and side shoot is developed by full bud, keeps every side shoot
With major branch into 12-20 degree angle；
The culture of c, fruitful branch and fruit-bearing shoot cluster and the culture of side shoot are carried out simultaneously：
Can cultivation results branch and fruit-bearing shoot cluster on major branch and side shoot；Fruitful branch and fruit-bearing shoot cluster culture are with uniform and stable as original
Then, space abundance then can emphasis culture larger result branch group；Vertical branch branch as a result, young pear tree is not selected suitably to select and remain behind
Branch branch as a result, beneficial to bearing fruit and expansion angle ahead of time；
(7) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：
Adopt during conventional method is transplanted the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and note flower and fruit protecting, flower and fruit thinning；
(8) harvest：
4-5 can be harvested after field planting, conventional field management be proceeded after harvesting, you can realize next year continuous result.
2. a kind of cultural method of pear tree as claimed in claim 1, wherein：Step (2) the tree nest is in field planting the first two months
Excavate and backfill.
3. a kind of cultural method of pear tree as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein：The flower and fruit protecting, flower and fruit thinning it is concrete
Method is：
A, flower and fruit protecting：Pollinizers are prepared, Apiss are supported more, the florescence avoids spray insecticide；Initial bloom stage spraying borax, carbamide and di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
To improve percentage of fertile fruit, the volume ratio of the water, Borax, carbamide and potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 5 to hydrogen aqueous solutions of potassium:3:2:1；Such as first flower
Phase rainwater is not enough, can spray flower and fruit protecting medicament；
B, flower and fruit thinning：Based on fruit thinning, carry out at twice, it is little that thin prevent or cure a disease wormed fruit, malformed fruit and growth for the first time does not catch up with
Really, each inflorescence typically only retains a fruit；Dredge by leaf-fruit ratio for second and go unnecessary fruit, make leaf-fruit ratio be maintained at 25-30:1.
4. a kind of cultural method of pear tree as claimed in claim 3, wherein：The flower and fruit protecting medicament is PBO.
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN107347552A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-11-17 | 叶集试验区绿叶果木种植专业合作社 | A kind of pear tree intermediate stock grafting Cultivation With Dwarf Varieties And Close Spacing method |
| CN107371981A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-11-24 | 南充市嘉陵区集凤镇红瓦房果业合作社 | The cultivating superior high-yield method of Cuiguan pear |
| CN107439324A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2017-12-08 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | A kind of pear tree cultural method |
| CN107466762A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-12-15 | 叶集试验区绿叶果木种植专业合作社 | A kind of pear tree high-yield cultivating method of efficiently flower thinning |
| CN107548852A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-01-09 | 砀山县鼎丰源家庭农场 | A kind of pear tree cultivation method for premature of water circulation control orchard temperature |
| CN107593220A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2018-01-19 | 山西省农业科学院果树研究所 | A kind of northern pear tree early ties the cultural method of high yield |
| CN107624478A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-01-26 | 镇江市丹徒区明兰瓜果种植家庭农场 | A kind of implantation methods of pear tree |
| CN107646489A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-02-02 | 熊新家 | A kind of cultural method of pear tree |
| CN108668870A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-10-19 | 山西省农业科学院果树研究所 | A kind of north high-yield pear cultivation method |
| CN108770583A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-11-09 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of persimmon disjunctor cultural method and verify its advanced check experiment method |
| CN108886901A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-11-27 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Indigenous method is consolidated in a kind of water conservation for mountainous region theatre |
| CN108925329A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2018-12-04 | 城步怡发水果种植专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods that pear tree can be promoted to shift to an earlier date fruiting |
| CN109168863A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2019-01-11 | 杭州晶星农业开发有限公司 | A kind of shaping and trimming method and cultural method improving sweet pears yield |
| CN110178624A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-08-30 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | A kind of sun-proof cultural method of avocado drought resisting |
| CN113396763A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-09-17 | 铜仁市万山区乡情农业种养殖专业合作社 | Efficient ecological agricultural cultivation technology combining pear tree planting and honey cultivation |
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| CN108925329A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2018-12-04 | 城步怡发水果种植专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods that pear tree can be promoted to shift to an earlier date fruiting |
| CN107466762A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-12-15 | 叶集试验区绿叶果木种植专业合作社 | A kind of pear tree high-yield cultivating method of efficiently flower thinning |
| CN107347552A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-11-17 | 叶集试验区绿叶果木种植专业合作社 | A kind of pear tree intermediate stock grafting Cultivation With Dwarf Varieties And Close Spacing method |
| CN107371981A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-11-24 | 南充市嘉陵区集凤镇红瓦房果业合作社 | The cultivating superior high-yield method of Cuiguan pear |
| CN107439324A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2017-12-08 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | A kind of pear tree cultural method |
| CN107593220A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2018-01-19 | 山西省农业科学院果树研究所 | A kind of northern pear tree early ties the cultural method of high yield |
| CN107548852A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-01-09 | 砀山县鼎丰源家庭农场 | A kind of pear tree cultivation method for premature of water circulation control orchard temperature |
| CN107624478A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-01-26 | 镇江市丹徒区明兰瓜果种植家庭农场 | A kind of implantation methods of pear tree |
| CN107646489A (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2018-02-02 | 熊新家 | A kind of cultural method of pear tree |
| CN108668870A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-10-19 | 山西省农业科学院果树研究所 | A kind of north high-yield pear cultivation method |
| CN108668870B (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2020-07-31 | 山西省农业科学院果树研究所 | High-yield cultivation method for northern pear trees |
| CN108886901A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-11-27 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Indigenous method is consolidated in a kind of water conservation for mountainous region theatre |
| CN108770583A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-11-09 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of persimmon disjunctor cultural method and verify its advanced check experiment method |
| CN109168863A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2019-01-11 | 杭州晶星农业开发有限公司 | A kind of shaping and trimming method and cultural method improving sweet pears yield |
| CN110178624A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-08-30 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | A kind of sun-proof cultural method of avocado drought resisting |
| CN113396763A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-09-17 | 铜仁市万山区乡情农业种养殖专业合作社 | Efficient ecological agricultural cultivation technology combining pear tree planting and honey cultivation |
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