CN107548852A - A kind of pear tree cultivation method for premature of water circulation control orchard temperature - Google Patents
A kind of pear tree cultivation method for premature of water circulation control orchard temperature Download PDFInfo
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- CN107548852A CN107548852A CN201710885894.0A CN201710885894A CN107548852A CN 107548852 A CN107548852 A CN 107548852A CN 201710885894 A CN201710885894 A CN 201710885894A CN 107548852 A CN107548852 A CN 107548852A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of pear tree cultivation method for premature of water circulation control orchard temperature, using common Pear Trees with Various Cultivars, by cultivation management of the present invention, promotes pear tree to terminate natural dormancy period ahead of time, realizes early germination, prematurity, the effect of precocity fruiting.Influence of the orchard temperature difference greatly to blooming of fruit trees is reduced using the specific heat capacity of water, meanwhile, well water adds the content of the microorganism and organic matter in water, and weaken the temperature difference of well water and surface water by storage, circulation, exposure in water channel.Irrigated with the water in water channel and not only increase fertility, it is thus also avoided that directly injured with stimulation of the well water to fruit tree root system.Method simple possible, easily operation, less investment, science pruning method combines conventional water and fertilizer management, fruit variety is had no special requirements, also it is not required to apply the chemicals such as ripener in cultivating process, reduces chemical residues, the operatic circle quality is obviously improved, fruit is big, high yield, suitable for large-scale promotion application.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to planting fruit trees field, and in particular to a kind of pear tree ealy maturing culture side of water circulation control orchard temperature
Method.
Background technology
Pear is in temperate fruit tree.Central China and northern area pear tree bloom later, are generally bloomed in four Mays, and 90
Month is ripe, and to typically refer to fruit ripe before early July for jargonel.In order to promote pear tree precocity fruiting, orchard worker is usually
During cultivation management, apply many fertilizer, agricultural chemicals and ripener, excessive use chemicals adds being produced into for pear tree
This, and cause the operatic circle chemical residual exceeded, do not meet pollution-free food requirement.
Also, not only yield is relatively low for the pear tree that this method is accelerated the ripening, and the pears quality and mouthfeel of output are also poor, because
This, exploitation is a kind of can improving the operatic circle yield and quality, and green pear tree cultivation method for premature is necessary.
The content of the invention
The present invention is for above shortcomings in the prior art, there is provided a kind of pear tree of water circulation control orchard temperature is early
Ripe cultural method, by the measure for applying water circulation to control orchard temperature to avoid cold spell in later spring from influenceing blooming of fruit trees, realize the operatic circle
It is precocious.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows：
A kind of pear tree cultivation method for premature of water circulation control orchard temperature, step include：
1）Leveling earth, 80~100m of the length of side square plot is divided into, and annular drainage ditch, gutter installation are excavated around plot
Sluice, controlling water level；
2）Pear tree presses 6M*6M thin plantings, digs irrigation canals and ditches at interval of between two row pear trees, is connected with perimeter gutter, forms water circulation,
And water temperature is kept in irrigation canals and ditches at 0~20 DEG C；
3）After winter pear tree fallen leaves, bough and all branches less than 1.5m are removed, retain three major branches, cuts and intersects branch, the back of the body
Branch and weak branch afterwards, retain plagiotropic growth by 15~25cm spacing and back branch, plagiotropic growth cut off the 2/3~3/4 of branch total length, carry on the back
Upper secateurs goes to the 1/5~2/5 of branch total length；
4）Before temperature gos up after the Spring Festival, the trimming control pear tree height of tree is more than 0.8m, Ran Hou in 2~2.5m, branch apart from ground
Parallel longitudinal trace deep each each side standardized 2~3mm of row of major branch, it is 45 °~60 ° to indulge trace Relative vertical direction inclination angle,
Away from 30~50cm；And centered on three trunks of reservation, each trunk uniformly retains 30~35 fruitful branches；
5）Bud starts to dredge flower bud when just aobvious, and 2~3 are retained per sequence all one's life or downward bud, bough then is evened up into fixation, cut
Fall newborn branch, follow-up Routine Management.
Step 1）In, described gutter, 2.0~2.5m of bottom width, ditch 1.5~2m of bottom width on ditch, deep 1.5~1.8m.
Step 2）In, described irrigation canals and ditches, wide 1.5~1.8m, deep 0.8~1.0m.
Step 2）In, described pear tree, the preferred Dangshan pear of kind.
Step 3）In, it is preferable that on all remaining branches every 3 branch cut one, every 5 branch cut 2, often
Individual branch holds up to be no more than 5 branch.
Technical solution of the present invention has the beneficial effect that：
1) common Pear Trees with Various Cultivars is used, by cultivation management of the present invention, promotes pear tree to terminate natural dormancy period ahead of time, realizes early hair
Bud, prematurity, the effect of precocity fruiting.
2）Influence of the orchard temperature difference greatly to blooming of fruit trees is reduced using the specific heat capacity of water, meanwhile, well water passes through in water channel
Storage, circulation, exposure, add the content of the microorganism and organic matter in water, and weaken the temperature of well water and surface water
Difference.Irrigated with the water in water channel and not only increase fertility, it is thus also avoided that directly injured with stimulation of the well water to fruit tree root system.To fruit
The increasing both production and income of tree has certain help.
3）Method simple possible, easily operation, less investment, science pruning method combines conventional water and fertilizer management, to fruit tree product
Kind has no special requirements, and is also not required to apply the chemicals such as ripener in cultivating process, reduces chemical residues, the operatic circle quality is bright
Aobvious to improve, fruit is big, high yield, suitable for large-scale promotion application.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described below by specific embodiment, the description below be only it is exemplary, it is not right
Its content is defined.
Following embodiments and comparative example, it is Anhui Dangshan theatre to implement ground.
Embodiment 1
A kind of pear tree cultivation method for premature of water circulation control orchard temperature, step include：
1）Leveling earth, 80~100m of the length of side square plot is divided into, and annular drainage ditch, gutter installation are excavated around plot
Sluice, controlling water level；Gutter, bottom width 2.5m, ditch bottom width 2m, deep 1.8m on ditch.
2）Dangshan pear presses 6M*6M thin plantings, at interval of digging irrigation canals and ditches, ditch width of the channel 1.8m, deep 1.0m, with week between two row pear trees
Side gutter is connected, and forms water circulation, and keeps in irrigation canals and ditches water temperature at 0~20 DEG C；
3）After winter pear tree fallen leaves, bough and all branches less than 1.5m are removed, retain three major branches, cuts and intersects branch, the back of the body
Branch and weak branch afterwards, retain plagiotropic growth by 15~25cm spacing and back branch, plagiotropic growth cut off the 2/3~3/4 of branch total length, carry on the back
Upper secateurs goes to the 1/5~2/5 of branch total length；On all remaining branches every 3 branch cut one, every 5 branch cut 2,
Each branch holds up to be no more than 5 branch；
4）Before temperature gos up after the Spring Festival, the trimming control pear tree height of tree is more than 0.8m, Ran Hou in 2~2.5m, branch apart from ground
Parallel longitudinal trace deep each each side standardized 2~3mm of row of major branch, it is 45 ° to indulge trace Relative vertical direction inclination angle, spacing 30~
40cm；And centered on three trunks of reservation, each trunk uniformly retains 30~35 fruitful branches；
5）Bud starts to dredge flower bud when just aobvious, and 2~3 are retained per sequence all one's life or downward bud, bough then is evened up into fixation, cut
Fall newborn branch, follow-up Routine Management.
Embodiment 2
A kind of pear tree cultivation method for premature of water circulation control orchard temperature, step include：
1）Leveling earth, 80~100m of the length of side square plot is divided into, and annular drainage ditch, gutter installation are excavated around plot
Sluice, controlling water level；Step 1）In, described gutter, bottom width 2.0m, ditch bottom width 1.5m, deep 1.5m on ditch.
2）（Kingfisher hat）Pear tree presses 6M*6M thin plantings, at interval of digging irrigation canals and ditches between two row pear trees, ditch width of the channel 1.5m, deep 0.8m, with
Perimeter gutter is connected, and forms water circulation, and keeps in irrigation canals and ditches water temperature at 0~20 DEG C；
3）After winter pear tree fallen leaves, bough and all branches less than 1.5m are removed, retain three major branches, cuts and intersects branch, the back of the body
Branch and weak branch afterwards, retain plagiotropic growth by 15~25cm spacing and back branch, plagiotropic growth cut off the 2/3~3/4 of branch total length, carry on the back
Upper secateurs goes to the 1/5~2/5 of branch total length；On all remaining branches every 3 branch cut one, every 5 branch cut 2,
Each branch holds up to be no more than 5 branch；
4）Before temperature gos up after the Spring Festival, the trimming control pear tree height of tree is more than 0.8m, Ran Hou in 2~2.5m, branch apart from ground
Parallel longitudinal trace deep each each side standardized 2~3mm of row of major branch, it is 60 ° to indulge trace Relative vertical direction inclination angle, spacing 40~
50cm；And centered on three trunks of reservation, each trunk uniformly retains 30~35 fruitful branches；
5）Bud starts to dredge flower bud when just aobvious, and 2~3 are retained per sequence all one's life or downward bud, bough then is evened up into fixation, cut
Fall newborn branch, follow-up Routine Management.
Comparative example 1
With embodiment 1, difference is：Step 4）In, do not include " deep in each side standardized 2~3mm of row of each major branch
Parallel longitudinal trace, indulge trace Relative vertical direction inclination angle be 45 °, 30~40cm " of spacing.
Comparative example 2
A kind of cultivation method for premature of pear tree, not drainage trenching and irrigation canals and ditches, remaining step is the same as embodiment 1.
Comparative example 3
Dangshan pear, using greenhouse ealy maturing culture method.
Comparative example 4
Pear tree（Kingfisher hat）, using common precocious outdoor cropping, pruning method is the same as embodiment 2.
Embodiment and comparative example method compare, and are shown in Table 1.
Table 1
It can be seen that common ealy maturing culture method of the cultural method of the present invention than same veriety, full-bloom stage and maturity period have in advance, and pears
Tree diseases and insect pests resistance improves, fruit type is attractive in appearance, individual big uniform.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of pear tree cultivation method for premature of water circulation control orchard temperature, it is characterised in that step includes：
1）Leveling earth, 80~100m of the length of side square plot is divided into, and annular drainage ditch, gutter installation are excavated around plot
Sluice, controlling water level；
2）Pear tree presses 6M*6M thin plantings, digs irrigation canals and ditches at interval of between two row pear trees, is connected with perimeter gutter, forms water circulation,
And water temperature is kept in irrigation canals and ditches at 0~20 DEG C；
3）After winter pear tree fallen leaves, bough and all branches less than 1.5m are removed, retain three major branches, cuts and intersects branch, the back of the body
Branch and weak branch afterwards, retain plagiotropic growth by 15~25cm spacing and back branch, plagiotropic growth cut off the 2/3~3/4 of branch total length, carry on the back
Upper secateurs goes to the 1/5~2/5 of branch total length；
4）Before temperature gos up after the Spring Festival, the trimming control pear tree height of tree is more than 0.8m, Ran Hou in 2~2.5m, branch apart from ground
Parallel longitudinal trace deep each each side standardized 2~3mm of row of major branch, it is 45 °~60 ° to indulge trace Relative vertical direction inclination angle,
Away from 30~50cm；And centered on three trunks of reservation, each trunk uniformly retains 30~35 fruitful branches；
5）Bud starts to dredge flower bud when just aobvious, and 2~3 are retained per sequence all one's life or downward bud, bough then is evened up into fixation, cut
Fall newborn branch, follow-up Routine Management.
2. cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 1）In, described gutter, bottom width on ditch
2.0~2.5m, ditch 1.5~2m of bottom width, deep 1.5~1.8m.
3. cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 2）In, described irrigation canals and ditches, wide 1.5~1.8m,
Deep 0.8~1.0m.
4. cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 2）In, described pear tree, kind is that Dangshan is crisp
Pears.
5. cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step 3）In, every 3 branch on all remaining branches
Cut one, every 5 branch cut 2, each branch holds up to be no more than 5 branch.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102369864A (en) * | 2010-08-10 | 2012-03-14 | 林光德 | Snowflake pear tree culture method |
| CN104429770A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-03-25 | 重庆隆玉恒农业发展有限公司 | Cultivation method of pear trees |
| CN106665251A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-17 | 六盘水钟海农业发展有限公司 | Pear tree planting method |
-
2017
- 2017-09-27 CN CN201710885894.0A patent/CN107548852A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102369864A (en) * | 2010-08-10 | 2012-03-14 | 林光德 | Snowflake pear tree culture method |
| CN104429770A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-03-25 | 重庆隆玉恒农业发展有限公司 | Cultivation method of pear trees |
| CN106665251A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-05-17 | 六盘水钟海农业发展有限公司 | Pear tree planting method |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 张绍铃: "《梨产业实用技术》", 31 December 2013, 中国农业科学技术出版社 * |
| 辽宁省熊岳农业专科学校主编: "《果树栽培学 上册 总论》", 31 July 1961, 农业出版社 * |
| 陈新平等: "《果农最新实用技术精编》", 30 September 2013, 中原农民出版社 * |
| 马文会等: "《梨栽培关键技术与疑难问题解答》", 31 January 2017, 金盾出版社 * |
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