CN110856466A - High-yield planting method for raspberries - Google Patents
High-yield planting method for raspberries Download PDFInfo
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- CN110856466A CN110856466A CN201810973604.2A CN201810973604A CN110856466A CN 110856466 A CN110856466 A CN 110856466A CN 201810973604 A CN201810973604 A CN 201810973604A CN 110856466 A CN110856466 A CN 110856466A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-yield planting method of raspberries, which comprises the following steps: selecting a planting environment with sufficient sunlight and proper temperature, wherein sandy loam with deep soil layer, subacid or neutral soil and pH value of 5.0-7.0 is used as a planting field which needs to have better air permeability and higher content of organic substances; step two: removing weed roots and stones in the selected planting field, leveling and deep ploughing the ground to a depth of 20-30cm, and then marking and digging planting holes according to the row spacing of the planted plants, wherein the row spacing range of the planting holes is 1.5-2.5m, and the row spacing is 0.2-0.4 m. According to the method, the raspberry branches are trimmed for multiple times, the dense weak branches and damaged branches are trimmed in a flush manner, the lateral buds are promoted to sprout and sprout, the branch quantity is increased, the basic branches are trimmed within 1.3-1.5m, the length promotes the growth of fruiting mother branches, the yield is increased, the flower buds of the basic branches are completely differentiated in the second year, the fruiting rate of the raspberries can be ensured, and the yield of the raspberries is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of raspberry production, in particular to a high-yield raspberry planting method.
Background
Raspberry is also named mountain tossed, milk bubble, seedling spreading bubble, March bubble, April bubble, dragon boat bubble, barley bubble, Daer thorn, thorn gourd, steamed bread, tall foot wave, erect shrub, 1-3 m tall; branches with skin pricks and young hair. Single leaf, egg-shaped to egg-shaped, and needles-shaped, mostly grows on sunny hillside, valley, wasteland, stream side and moist part in dense shrubs, and the flowering period is 2-3 months, and the fruiting period is 4-6 months. Has effects of astringing essence, invigorating kidney, tonifying yang, improving eyesight, relieving hangover, quenching thirst, eliminating phlegm, and removing toxic substance, and can be used for treating kidney essence deficiency, spermatorrhea, alcoholic intoxication, and erysipelas. The leaves are slightly bitter, and the method is widely applied to treatment of symptoms such as detoxification, detumescence, sore healing and the like, sore throat, multiple abscess, mastitis and the like, but at present, raspberries on the market do not have a relatively perfect planting method for large-scale planting, the survival rate of part of artificially planted raspberries is low, and the fruit yield can not meet the market demand, so that the invention of the high-yield planting method of raspberries is necessary to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-yield raspberry planting method, which is characterized in that branches of raspberries are trimmed for multiple times, dense thin and weak branches and damaged branches are trimmed off in a neat manner, lateral buds are promoted to sprout new branches, the branch quantity is increased, basic branches are trimmed within 1.3-1.5m, the length promotes the growth of fruiting mother branches, the yield is increased, the basic branches are completely differentiated in flower buds in the second year, the fruiting rate of raspberries is ensured, the yield of raspberries is increased, and the problems that no perfect planting method is used for large-scale planting of raspberries in the current market, the survival rate of part of artificially planted raspberries is low, and the fruit yield cannot meet the market demand are solved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a high-yield planting method of raspberries comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting a planting environment with sufficient sunlight and proper temperature, wherein sandy loam with deep soil layer, subacid or neutral soil and pH value of 5.0-7.0 is used as a planting field which needs to have better air permeability and higher content of organic substances;
step two: removing weed roots and stones in a selected planting field, leveling and deeply ploughing the ground to a depth of 20-30cm, and then scribing and digging planting holes according to the row spacing of planted plants, wherein the row spacing range of the planting holes is 1.5-2.5m, and the row spacing is 0.2-0.4 m;
step three: spreading a layer of mellow soil in the holes, then fertilizing, putting a fertilizer with the thickness of 15-25cm, then covering a layer of mellow soil, putting the trimmed nursery stocks into the planting pits, extending the root systems, carrying out soil cultivation while lifting the seedlings, simultaneously stepping on the seedlings with feet, then watering thoroughly and sealing the holes;
step four: uniformly irrigating the raspberry after planting to ensure sufficient soil moisture, and simultaneously irrigating respectively at different growth periods of the raspberry, wherein the water is thoroughly irrigated once to reach a main root distribution layer;
step five: when young shoots grow to be about 50cm, the young shoots should be immediately bound by a branch erecting frame and additionally fertilized once in 5 months and 6 months respectively, so that the problems that soil fertility is low, the young shoots grow slowly and cannot form strong basal branches to influence the fruiting in the next year are avoided;
step six: aiming at the nascent stems and the flower stems, partial branches are cut off, the population nutrition space is improved, the illumination is improved, the yield is increased, the main purpose of raspberry pruning is to increase the solar illumination among the branches, increase fruit setting, reduce excessive nascent stems and flower diameters, and enhance the nutrition supply among the branch populations;
step seven: intertillage weeding is carried out on raspberries for 2-3 times every year, soil loosening and weeding need to be carried out for removing early and small weeds, besides, chemical herbicides can be used, meanwhile, in order to improve the utilization rate and economic benefit of land and solve the source of organic fertilizers in the land, and annual short and small green manure crops such as beans, potatoes, vegetables and the like can be planted in a raspberry garden; step eight: the raspberry is picked in time in the mature season, and after the picking is finished, the raspberry is timely transported to the market for sale or a factory for processing, so that the deterioration of raspberry fruits is avoided.
Preferably, organic fertilizers are mainly applied in the second step, such as solid fertilizers like barnyard manure, compost, oil cakes, peat and the like, are not easy to run off, and compound fertilizers with three elements of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium can also be applied.
Preferably, the multiple water filling operations in the fourth step are respectively as follows: irrigating water after removing the cold-proof soil, wherein the period is from the emergence of young shoots to the emergence of inflorescence, and the irrigation creates conditions for flowering and fruit setting; irrigating water from the young shoots to the fruit setting stage, wherein the irrigation water can promote the young shoots to grow rapidly; irrigating water in the fruit rapid expansion period; the overwintering soil is buried for winter protection, and water is filled before overwintering, and the overwintering property of the tree body can be improved by sealing the frozen water in the period.
Preferably, the branch frame in the fifth step can be made of wood branches or cement columns, the wood branches need to be smeared on the part embedded into the soil by using asphalt to resist corrosion, support columns are arranged every 5-10m when the branch frame is erected, the support columns are embedded into the ground by 40-50cm, particularly, the tension borne by the side columns at two ends of each row is the largest, thick and firm support columns need to be adopted and embedded into the ground deeply to ensure firmness, the support columns are connected through iron wires, then the iron wires are fixed on the support columns by using u-shaped nails without being nailed, so that the height of the iron wire can be adjusted at any time according to shaping requirements, and wire tightening devices are arranged on the support columns at two ends of each row to tighten the iron wires on the surface of the frame at any time.
Preferably, the branches are trimmed for multiple times in the step six: the first pruning is field planting pruning in early spring, trimming off dense weak branches and damaged branches, and pruning when the annual young shoots grow to 40-60 cm; the second pruning is to prune the basic branches (namely the young shoots in the current year), namely the basic branches are pruned and kept within 1.3-1.5m, 6-8 strong basic branches can be selected from each plant every year, and the rest are pruned; the third pruning is to regularly remove the mother branches after the harvest is finished.
Preferably, before planting, the root system of the seedling is soaked in water for 12-24h to ensure that the root system absorbs enough water so as to improve the survival rate, deep planting and shallow planting are carried out when the deep planting is carried out, the root system of the seedling is 10-15cm away from the ground, the shallow planting is carried out within 25-35cm around the seedling, and the soil covering cannot exceed the original soil mark on the branch.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that:
1. through multi-time pruning of branches of the raspberries, excessively dense weak branches and damaged branches are pruned in a neat manner, lateral buds are promoted to sprout and new branches, the branch quantity is increased, and basal branches are pruned within 1.3-1.5m, so that the growth of fruiting mother branches is promoted, the yield is increased, the flower buds of the basal branches are completely differentiated in the second year, the fruiting rate of the raspberries can be ensured, and the yield of the raspberries is increased;
2. the seedling root system is soaked in water before planting, so that the root system absorbs enough water to improve the survival rate, deep planting and shallow planting are realized during planting, the freezing resistance of the raspberry in the growth process can be improved, and the planting yield is improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the invention provides a high-yield planting method of raspberries, which comprises the following steps: selecting a planting environment with sufficient sunlight and proper temperature, wherein sandy loam with deep soil layer, subacid or neutral soil and pH value of 5.0-7.0 is used as a planting field which needs to have better air permeability and higher content of organic substances;
step two: removing weed roots and stones in a selected planting field, leveling and deeply ploughing the ground to a depth of 30cm, scribing and digging planting holes according to the row spacing of planted plants, wherein the row spacing range of the planting holes is 2.5m, the row spacing is 0.4m, organic fertilizers are mainly used, such as stable manure, compost, oil cakes, peat and other solid fertilizers are not easy to run off, and compound fertilizers with three elements of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium can also be applied;
step three: spreading a layer of mellow soil in the holes, then fertilizing, putting a fertilizer with the thickness of 25cm, then pressing a layer of mellow soil, putting the trimmed seedlings into planting holes, expanding root systems, carrying out soil cultivation and seedling raising, simultaneously stepping on the seedlings with feet, then watering the seedlings thoroughly, sealing the holes, soaking the seedling root systems in water for 24 hours before planting to ensure that the root systems absorb enough water to improve the survival rate, deeply planting and shallowly burying the seedlings when planting, wherein the root systems of the seedlings are 15cm away from the ground, the shallowly burying is within 35cm around the seedlings, and the soil covering cannot exceed the original soil print on branches,
step four: uniformly irrigating the raspberry after planting to ensure that the soil has sufficient water, and simultaneously, respectively irrigating at different growth periods of the raspberry, wherein the water is thoroughly irrigated once when irrigating to ensure that the water reaches a main root system distribution layer, and the cold-proof soil is irrigated after being removed, wherein the period is from emerging of new shoots to emergence of inflorescences, and the irrigation creates conditions for flowering and fruit setting; irrigating water from the young shoots to the fruit setting stage, wherein the irrigation water can promote the young shoots to grow rapidly; irrigating water in the fruit rapid expansion period; irrigating water before overwintering, burying soil and preventing cold, wherein in the period, the overwintering property of the tree body can be improved by sealing the frozen water;
step five: when young shoots grow to be about 50cm, the branch erecting frame is bound in time, and additional fertilizer is applied once in 5 months and 6 months respectively, so that the problems that soil fertility is low, the young shoots grow slowly and cannot form strong base branches, and the results of the next year are influenced are solved, the branch erecting frame can adopt wood branches or cement columns, the parts of the wood branches embedded into the soil need to be coated with asphalt for corrosion resistance, a support column is arranged every 10m during the branch erecting frame and is embedded into the ground for 50cm, particularly, the tensile force borne by side columns at two ends of each row is the largest, thick and firm support columns are needed to be adopted and are embedded into the ground deeply for ensuring firmness, the support columns are connected through iron wires, then the iron wires are fixed on the support columns through u-shaped nails, but the nails are not needed to be fixed, so that the height of the iron wires can be adjusted at any time according to the shaping requirements, and wire tightening devices are arranged on the support columns at two ends of each row so as to tighten the iron wires on the;
step six: aiming at the nascent stems and scapes, partial branches are cut off, the population nutrition space is improved, the illumination is improved, the yield is increased, the main purpose of raspberry pruning is to increase the solar illumination among the branches, increase fruit setting, reduce excessive nascent stems and flower diameters, enhance the nutrition supply among all branch populations, and the branches need to be pruned for multiple times: the first pruning is field planting pruning in early spring, trimming off dense weak branches and damaged branches, and pruning when the annual young shoots grow to 60 cm; the second pruning is to prune the basic branches (namely the young shoots in the current year), namely the basic branches are pruned and kept within 1.5m, 6-8 strong basic branches can be selected from each plant every year, and the rest are pruned; the third pruning is to regularly remove the fruit mother branches after the harvest is finished;
step seven: intertillage weeding is carried out on raspberries for 2-3 times every year, soil loosening and weeding need to be carried out for removing early and small weeds, besides, chemical herbicides can be used, meanwhile, in order to improve the utilization rate and economic benefit of land and solve the source of organic fertilizers in the land, and annual short and small green manure crops such as beans, potatoes, vegetables and the like can be planted in a raspberry garden;
step eight: the raspberry is picked in time in the mature season, and after the picking is finished, the raspberry is timely transported to the market for sale or a factory for processing, so that the deterioration of raspberry fruits is avoided.
Example two:
the invention provides a high-yield planting method of raspberries, which comprises the following steps: selecting a planting environment with sufficient sunlight and proper temperature, wherein sandy loam with deep soil layer, subacid or neutral soil and pH value of 5.0-7.0 is used as a planting field which needs to have better air permeability and higher content of organic substances;
step two: removing weed roots and stones in a selected planting field, leveling and deeply ploughing the ground to a depth of 20cm, scribing and digging planting holes according to the row spacing of planted plants, wherein the row spacing range of the planting holes is 1.5m, the row spacing is 0.2m, organic fertilizers are mainly used, such as stable manure, compost, oil cakes, peat and other solid fertilizers are not easy to run off, and compound fertilizers with three elements of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium can also be applied;
step three: spreading a layer of mellow soil in the holes, then fertilizing, putting a fertilizer with the thickness of 15cm, then pressing a layer of mellow soil, putting the trimmed seedlings into planting holes, expanding root systems, carrying out soil cultivation and seedling raising, simultaneously stepping on the seedlings with feet, then watering the seedlings thoroughly, sealing the holes, soaking the seedling root systems in water for 12 hours before planting to ensure that the root systems absorb enough water to improve the survival rate, deeply planting and shallowly burying the seedlings when planting, wherein the root systems of the seedlings are 10cm away from the ground, the shallowly burying is within 25cm around the seedlings, and the soil covering cannot exceed the original soil print on branches,
step four: uniformly irrigating the raspberry after planting to ensure that the soil has sufficient water, and simultaneously, respectively irrigating at different growth periods of the raspberry, wherein the water is thoroughly irrigated once when irrigating to ensure that the water reaches a main root system distribution layer, and the cold-proof soil is irrigated after being removed, wherein the period is from emerging of new shoots to emergence of inflorescences, and the irrigation creates conditions for flowering and fruit setting; irrigating water from the young shoots to the fruit setting stage, wherein the irrigation water can promote the young shoots to grow rapidly; irrigating water in the fruit rapid expansion period; irrigating water before overwintering, burying soil and preventing cold, wherein in the period, the overwintering property of the tree body can be improved by sealing the frozen water;
step five: when young shoots grow to be about 50cm, the branch erecting frame is bound in time, and topdressing is performed once in 5 months and 6 months respectively, so that the problems that soil fertility is low, the young shoots grow slowly and cannot form strong base branches, and the results of the next year are influenced are solved, the branch erecting frame can adopt wood branches or cement columns, the parts of the wood branches embedded into the soil need to be coated with asphalt for corrosion resistance, a support column is arranged every 5m during the branch erecting frame and is embedded into the ground for 40cm, particularly, the tensile force borne by side columns at two ends of each row is the largest, thick and firm support columns are needed to be adopted and are embedded into the ground deeply for ensuring firmness, the support columns are connected through iron wires, then the iron wires are fixed on the support columns through u-shaped nails, but the nails are not needed to be fixed, so that the height of the iron wires can be adjusted at any time according to the shaping requirements, and wire tensioning devices are arranged on the support columns at two ends of each row so as to tension the iron wires on the;
step six: aiming at the nascent stems and scapes, partial branches are cut off, the population nutrition space is improved, the illumination is improved, the yield is increased, the main purpose of raspberry pruning is to increase the solar illumination among the branches, increase fruit setting, reduce excessive nascent stems and flower diameters, enhance the nutrition supply among all branch populations, and the branches need to be pruned for multiple times: the first pruning is field planting pruning in early spring, trimming off dense weak branches and damaged branches, and pruning when the annual young shoots grow to 40 cm; the second pruning is to prune the basic branches (namely the young shoots in the current year), namely the basic branches are pruned and kept within 1.3m, 6-8 strong basic branches can be selected from each plant every year, and the rest are pruned; the third pruning is to regularly remove the fruit mother branches after the harvest is finished;
step seven: intertillage weeding is carried out on raspberries for 2-3 times every year, soil loosening and weeding need to be carried out for removing early and small weeds, besides, chemical herbicides can be used, meanwhile, in order to improve the utilization rate and economic benefit of land and solve the source of organic fertilizers in the land, and annual short and small green manure crops such as beans, potatoes, vegetables and the like can be planted in a raspberry garden;
step eight: the raspberry is picked in time in the mature season, and after the picking is finished, the raspberry is timely transported to the market for sale or a factory for processing, so that the deterioration of raspberry fruits is avoided.
Example three:
the invention provides a high-yield planting method of raspberries, which comprises the following steps: selecting a planting environment with sufficient sunlight and proper temperature, wherein sandy loam with deep soil layer, subacid or neutral soil and pH value of 5.0-7.0 is used as a planting field which needs to have better air permeability and higher content of organic substances;
step two: removing weed roots and stones in a selected planting field, leveling and deeply ploughing the ground to a depth of 25cm, scribing and digging planting holes according to the row spacing of planted plants, wherein the row spacing range of the planting holes is 2.0m, the row spacing is 0.3m, organic fertilizers are mainly used, such as stable manure, compost, oil cakes, peat and other solid fertilizers are not easy to run off, and compound fertilizers with three elements of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium can also be applied;
step three: spreading a layer of mellow soil in the holes, then fertilizing, putting a fertilizer with the thickness of 20cm, then pressing a layer of mellow soil, putting the trimmed seedlings into planting holes, expanding root systems, carrying out soil cultivation and seedling raising, simultaneously stepping on the seedlings with feet, then watering the seedlings thoroughly, sealing the holes, soaking the seedling root systems in water for 18 hours before planting to ensure that the root systems absorb enough water to improve the survival rate, deeply planting and shallowly burying the seedlings when planting, wherein the root systems of the seedlings are 13cm away from the ground, the shallowly burying is within 30cm around the seedlings, and the soil covering cannot exceed the original soil print on branches,
step four: uniformly irrigating the raspberry after planting to ensure that the soil has sufficient water, and simultaneously, respectively irrigating at different growth periods of the raspberry, wherein the water is thoroughly irrigated once when irrigating to ensure that the water reaches a main root system distribution layer, and the cold-proof soil is irrigated after being removed, wherein the period is from emerging of new shoots to emergence of inflorescences, and the irrigation creates conditions for flowering and fruit setting; irrigating water from the young shoots to the fruit setting stage, wherein the irrigation water can promote the young shoots to grow rapidly; irrigating water in the fruit rapid expansion period; irrigating water before overwintering, burying soil and preventing cold, wherein in the period, the overwintering property of the tree body can be improved by sealing the frozen water;
step five: when young shoots grow to be about 50cm, the branch erecting frame is bound in time, and topdressing is performed once in 5 months and 6 months respectively, so that the problems that soil fertility is low, the young shoots grow slowly and cannot form strong base branches, and the results of the next year are influenced are solved, the branch erecting frame can adopt wood branches or cement columns, the parts of the wood branches embedded into the soil need to be coated with asphalt for corrosion resistance, a support column is arranged every 8m during the branch erecting frame and is embedded into the ground for 45cm, particularly, the tensile force borne by side columns at two ends of each row is the largest, thick and firm support columns are needed to be adopted and are embedded into the ground deeply for ensuring firmness, the support columns are connected through iron wires, then the iron wires are fixed on the support columns through u-shaped nails, but the nails are not needed to be fixed, so that the height of the iron wires can be adjusted at any time according to the shaping requirements, and wire tensioning devices are arranged on the support columns at two ends of each row so as to tension the iron wires on the;
step six: aiming at the nascent stems and scapes, partial branches are cut off, the population nutrition space is improved, the illumination is improved, the yield is increased, the main purpose of raspberry pruning is to increase the solar illumination among the branches, increase fruit setting, reduce excessive nascent stems and flower diameters, enhance the nutrition supply among all branch populations, and the branches need to be pruned for multiple times: the first pruning is field planting pruning in early spring, trimming off dense weak branches and damaged branches, and pruning when the annual young shoots grow to 50 cm; the second pruning is to prune the basic branches (namely the young shoots in the current year), namely the basic branches are pruned and kept within 1.4m, 6-8 strong basic branches can be selected from each plant every year, and the rest are pruned; the third pruning is to regularly remove the fruit mother branches after the harvest is finished;
step seven: intertillage weeding is carried out on raspberries for 2-3 times every year, soil loosening and weeding need to be carried out for removing early and small weeds, besides, chemical herbicides can be used, meanwhile, in order to improve the utilization rate and economic benefit of land and solve the source of organic fertilizers in the land, and annual short and small green manure crops such as beans, potatoes, vegetables and the like can be planted in a raspberry garden;
step eight: the raspberry is picked in time in the mature season, and after the picking is finished, the raspberry is timely transported to the market for sale or a factory for processing, so that the deterioration of raspberry fruits is avoided.
Example four:
the high-yield planting method of raspberries provided by the first embodiment, the second embodiment and the third embodiment is compared with raspberries planted by a conventional (current) raspberry planting method on the market, and the data records are as follows:
from the above data it can be derived: the high-yield planting method for the raspberries, provided by the embodiment III, has the advantages that the survival rate and the fruiting rate of the raspberries are high, the number of the raspberries is large, the fruit juice yield is high, the yield of the raspberries is greatly improved, and the method can be applied to large-scale planting of the raspberries.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A high-yield planting method of raspberries is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting a planting environment with sufficient sunlight and proper temperature, wherein sandy loam with deep soil layer, subacid or neutral soil and pH value of 5.0-7.0 is used as a planting field which needs to have better air permeability and higher content of organic substances;
step two: removing weed roots and stones in a selected planting field, leveling and deeply ploughing the ground to a depth of 20-30cm, and then scribing and digging planting holes according to the row spacing of planted plants, wherein the row spacing range of the planting holes is 1.5-2.5m, and the row spacing is 0.2-0.4 m;
step three: spreading a layer of mellow soil in the holes, then fertilizing, putting a fertilizer with the thickness of 15-25cm, then covering a layer of mellow soil, putting the trimmed nursery stocks into the planting pits, extending the root systems, carrying out soil cultivation while lifting the seedlings, simultaneously stepping on the seedlings with feet, then watering thoroughly and sealing the holes;
step four: uniformly irrigating the raspberry after planting to ensure sufficient soil moisture, and simultaneously irrigating respectively at different growth periods of the raspberry, wherein the water is thoroughly irrigated once to reach a main root distribution layer;
step five: when young shoots grow to be about 50cm, the young shoots should be immediately bound by a branch erecting frame and additionally fertilized once in 5 months and 6 months respectively, so that the problems that soil fertility is low, the young shoots grow slowly and cannot form strong basal branches to influence the fruiting in the next year are avoided;
step six: aiming at the nascent stems and the flower stems, partial branches are cut off, the population nutrition space is improved, the illumination is improved, the yield is increased, the main purpose of raspberry pruning is to increase the solar illumination among the branches, increase fruit setting, reduce excessive nascent stems and flower diameters, and enhance the nutrition supply among the branch populations;
step seven: intertillage weeding is carried out on raspberries for 2-3 times every year, soil loosening and weeding need to be carried out for removing early and small weeds, besides, chemical herbicides can be used, meanwhile, in order to improve the utilization rate and economic benefit of land and solve the source of organic fertilizers in the land, and annual short and small green manure crops such as beans, potatoes, vegetables and the like can be planted in a raspberry garden;
step eight: the raspberry is picked in time in the mature season, and after the picking is finished, the raspberry is timely transported to the market for sale or a factory for processing, so that the deterioration of raspberry fruits is avoided.
2. The high-yield planting method for the raspberries as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the second step, organic fertilizers are applied mainly, such as solid fertilizers like animal manure, compost, oil cakes, peat and the like, are not easy to run off, and compound fertilizers with three elements of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium can also be applied.
3. The high-yield planting method for the raspberries as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the multiple water filling work in the fourth step is respectively as follows: irrigating water after removing the cold-proof soil, wherein the period is from the emergence of young shoots to the emergence of inflorescence, and the irrigation creates conditions for flowering and fruit setting; irrigating water from the young shoots to the fruit setting stage, wherein the irrigation water can promote the young shoots to grow rapidly; irrigating water in the fruit rapid expansion period; the overwintering soil is buried for winter protection, and water is filled before overwintering, and the overwintering property of the tree body can be improved by sealing the frozen water in the period.
4. The high-yield planting method for the raspberries as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the fifth step, the branch frame can be made of wood branches or cement columns, the parts of the wood branches, which are buried in the soil, need to be coated with asphalt for corrosion resistance, a support column is arranged every 5-10m when the branch frame is erected, the support columns are buried in the ground for 40-50cm, particularly, the tensile force borne by the side columns at two ends of each row is the largest, thick and firm support columns are needed to be buried in the ground deeply for ensuring firmness, the support columns are connected through iron wires, then the iron wires are fixed on the support columns through U-shaped nails without being nailed, so that the height of the iron wire can be adjusted at any time according to the shaping requirement, and wire tightening devices are arranged on the support columns at two ends of each row for tightening the iron wires on the surface of the frame at any time.
5. The high-yield planting method for the raspberries as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and step six, pruning the branches for multiple times: the first pruning is field planting pruning in early spring, trimming off dense weak branches and damaged branches, and pruning when the annual young shoots grow to 40-60 cm; the second pruning is to prune the basic branches (namely the young shoots in the current year), namely the basic branches are pruned and kept within 1.3-1.5m, 6-8 strong basic branches can be selected from each plant every year, and the rest are pruned; the third pruning is to regularly remove the mother branches after the harvest is finished.
6. The high-yield planting method for the raspberries as claimed in claim 1, wherein: before planting, the root system of the seedling is soaked in water for 12-24h to ensure that the root system absorbs enough water so as to improve the survival rate, deep planting and shallow planting are carried out when the deep planting is carried out, the root system of the seedling is 10-15cm away from the ground, the shallow planting is carried out within 25-35cm around the seedling, and the soil covering cannot exceed the original soil mark on the branch.
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