CN112205234A - High-yield planting method applied to raspberries - Google Patents
High-yield planting method applied to raspberries Download PDFInfo
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- CN112205234A CN112205234A CN202011124057.4A CN202011124057A CN112205234A CN 112205234 A CN112205234 A CN 112205234A CN 202011124057 A CN202011124057 A CN 202011124057A CN 112205234 A CN112205234 A CN 112205234A
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Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C3/00—Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-yield planting method applied to raspberries, and relates to the technical field of raspberries planting. The method comprises the following steps of S1, land selection and preparation: selecting a planting environment with sufficient sunlight and proper temperature, using sandy loam with deep soil layer, subacid or neutral soil and pH value of 5.0-7.0 as a planting field, wherein the planting field has better air permeability and higher content of organic substances for centralized and continuous planting in flat land or gentle slope land; s2, treating cutting seedlings: the method is characterized in that the transplanted raspberry seedling with thick stem and tender green leaves is adopted, a branch with the length of 18-22cm is cut by disinfected scissors before planting, the cut of the branch is soaked in a nutrient for 24 hours, and then the cut is soaked in a growth promoter for 20-30 min. According to the high-yield planting method applied to the raspberries, due to the adoption of field planting treatment, the first raspberry seedlings can be fixed, and the second raspberry seedlings can not block the root system respiration of the raspberries, are not deeply and shallowly planted, so that the survival rate of the raspberries is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of raspberry planting, in particular to a high-yield planting method applied to raspberries.
Background
Raspberry, alias: raspberry, shuobo bubble, mountain flint nut, milk bubble, seedling spreading bubble, march bubble, april bubble, dragon boat bubble, barley bubble, thorn, steamed bread, Chinese yam, seedling, tuo, rose, raspberry fruit amino acid at least contains 17 amino acids. The taste is slightly sour, one seed is soaked in one bag, and the root, stem, leaf and fruit of the raspberry can be used as medicines, so that the raspberry has the effects of astringing essence, tonifying kidney, supporting yang, improving eyesight, dispelling the effects of alcohol, quenching thirst, reducing phlegm and detoxifying, is mainly used for treating diseases such as kidney deficiency, spermatorrhea, drunkenness and erysipelas, has slightly bitter leaf characteristics, detoxifying, detumescence and sore astringing, is mainly used for treating diseases such as sore throat, multiple abscess and mastitis, is usually mashed into tender leaves and fed to animals for treating diarrhea, has sweet fruit taste, contains sugar, malic acid, citric acid, vitamin C and the like, and can be eaten for life, jam preparation and wine brewing. The fruits, roots and leaves are used as medicine, and have the effects of promoting blood circulation, removing toxicity and stopping bleeding, and tannin extract can be extracted from root bark, stem bark and leaves.
In the prior art, in the process of raspberry planting, because raspberries belong to shallow root crops, dead seedlings can be caused when the raspberries are planted too deeply, the survival rate is reduced, the autumn and winter season is selected for the field planting time, the temperature is high in early spring and 4 months, nursery stocks are not favorable to survival, and the shallow planting can easily cause freeze injury to the raspberries root systems.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a high-yield planting method applied to raspberries, and aims to solve the problems in the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a high-yield planting method applied to raspberries comprises the following steps:
s1, land selection and preparation: selecting a planting environment with sufficient sunlight and proper temperature, using sandy loam with deep soil layer, subacid or neutral soil and pH value of 5.0-7.0 as a planting field, wherein the planting field has better air permeability and higher content of organic substances for centralized and continuous planting in flat land or gentle slope land;
s2, treating cutting seedlings: the method comprises the following steps of cutting a branch with the length of 18-22cm by using disinfected scissors for a root system of a transplanted raspberry seedling with thick stem and tender green leaves before planting, soaking a cut of the branch in a nutrient for 24 hours, soaking the cut in a growth promoter for 20-30min, mixing yellow muddy water biological carbon powder according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.08-0.12 to obtain a mixed solution, dipping the cut in the mixed solution for 20-30s, and then cutting the branch and watering;
s3, raspberry seedling planting: digging a pit in the planting field in the step S1, spreading a layer of mellow soil in the pit, then fertilizing, putting a fertilizer with the thickness of 15-25cm, then covering a layer of mellow soil, putting the nursery stock trimmed in the step S2 into the planting pit, enabling a root system to stretch, lifting the nursery stock while hilling, stepping on the nursery stock with feet, and then watering thoroughly and sealing a dibble;
s4, pest control; before the flowering of raspberry seedlings, spraying 100 times of liquid of 50% carbendazim 500-;
s5, pruning and bud thinning: topping when the raspberry plants in the step S4 grow to 1.8-2m high, trimming thin and weak branches and damaged branches, wherein the annual new shoots grow 40-60cm in length, pinching, and 6-8 strong base branches can be reserved for each plant;
s6, water and fertilizer management: applying a special fertilizer to the raspberry seedlings every 2-3 months from the beginning of transplanting, wherein the application amount is carried out according to the standard of 100 plus 400 kg;
s7, foliar fertilization: spraying a foliar fertilizer on the first foliar surface after the buds of the raspberries appear, and spraying a foliar fertilizer on the second foliar surface after 15-20 days;
s8, field management: and (3) moisturizing the raspberry seedlings in the whole growth period of the raspberry seedlings, wherein the standard of moisturizing is to moisturize the raspberry planting field when the water content of the soil in the planting field is less than or equal to 2-2.5%.
Further optimizing the technical scheme, the land selection in the step S1 needs to sterilize the field soil before planting the raspberries.
Further optimizing the technical scheme, the soil conditioner is applied to the planting field according to the amount of 150-200 kg/mu before transplanting in the step S3, deeply turned and uniformly mixed, and naturally placed for 7-8 days.
Further optimizing the technical scheme, the depth of the planting land dug in the step S3 is 35-40 cm.
Further optimizing the technical scheme, the fertilizer in the step S3 comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-12 parts of decomposed animal manure, 5-7 parts of humus, 3-5 parts of borax, 2-3 parts of monopotassium phosphate and 3-5 parts of ternary compound fertilizer.
Further optimizing the technical scheme, the nutritional agent in the step S2 is monopotassium phosphate, and the growth promoting agent is a mixed solution of potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate and ammonium molybdate.
Further optimizing the technical scheme, the fertilizer application amount in the step S3 is 3000 kilograms of 2500 per mu, the concentration of the chitosan solution sprayed on the surfaces of the branches and the trunks in the step S4 is 0.03-0.05%, and the concentration of the chitosan solution sprayed on the surfaces of the leaves is 0.1-0.15%.
Further optimizing the technical scheme, the special fertilizer in the step S6 is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of urea, 12-18 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 15-20 parts of potassium sulfate, 3-6 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1-2 parts of ammonium molybdate and 1-2 parts of zinc sulfate.
Further optimizing the technical scheme, the foliar fertilizer in the step S7 is composed of the following mixed liquor in parts by weight: 0.65-0.75 part of sodium molybdate, 0.8-0.9 part of zinc gluconate, 0.1-0.2 part of urea, 0.4-0.7 part of potassium chloride, 0.4-1 part of amino acid fertilizer, 0.2-0.4 part of zinc oxide, 0.1-0.15 part of calcium nitrate, 0.03-0.05 part of sodium naphthalene acetate and 80-100 parts of water.
Further optimizing the technical scheme, the spraying amount of the foliar fertilizer sprayed on the first foliage in the step S7 is 650 + 750 mL/plant, and the spraying amount of the foliar fertilizer sprayed on the second foliage is 940 + 960 mL/plant.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a high-yield planting method applied to raspberries, which has the following beneficial effects:
1. the high-yield planting method for the raspberries adopts field planting treatment, so that the first raspberry seedling can be fixed, the second raspberry seedling can not block the root respiration of the raspberries, the planting depth is not small, and the survival rate of the raspberries is improved.
2. According to the high-yield planting method applied to the raspberries, through scientific seedling raising, transplanting, pest control and field management, the planted raspberries are high in disease resistance and insect resistance, high in yield and strong in pesticide effect, and compared with the acre yield of raspberries planted by a traditional method, the yield can be increased.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a high-yield planting method applied to raspberries according to the present invention;
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows: referring to fig. 1, the present invention discloses a high yield planting method for raspberries, comprising the following steps:
s1, land selection and preparation: selecting a planting environment with sufficient sunlight and proper temperature, using sandy loam with deep soil layer, subacid or neutral soil and pH value of 5.0 as a planting field, wherein the planting field needs to have better air permeability and high content of organic substances for centralized and continuous planting in a flat land or a gentle slope land, and the field soil needs to be disinfected before the raspberries are planted in the selected field;
s2, treating cutting seedlings: the method comprises the steps of shearing a branch with the length of 18cm by using disinfected scissors for a root system of a transplanted raspberry seedling with thick stem and tender green leaves before planting, soaking a cut of the branch in a nutrient for 24 hours, soaking the cut for 20 minutes by using a growth promoter, wherein the nutrient is potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the growth promoter is a mixed solution of potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate and ammonium molybdate, mixing yellow mud aquatic carbon powder according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.08 to obtain a mixed solution, dipping the cut in the mixed solution for 20-30 seconds, and then cutting and watering the branch;
s3, raspberry seedling planting: digging pits in the planting land in the step S1, wherein the depth of the digging pits in the planting land is 35-40cm, spreading a layer of mellow soil in the pits, then fertilizing, putting a fertilizer with the thickness of 15-25cm, then covering a layer of mellow soil, putting the seedlings trimmed in the step S2 into the planting pits, stretching root systems, lifting the seedlings while earthing up, treading the seedlings with feet, then watering thoroughly, sealing the holes, applying a soil conditioner into the planting land according to the amount of 200 kg/mu of soil conditioner 150 and soil for 150 times before transplanting, turning the soil conditioner deeply and stirring uniformly, and naturally placing for 7-8 days, wherein the fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 parts of decomposed animal manure, 5 parts of humus, 3 parts of borax, 2 parts of monopotassium phosphate and 3 parts of ternary compound fertilizer, wherein the fertilizer application amount is 2500-3000 kg per mu;
s4, pest control; before raspberry seedlings bloom, spraying 50% carbendazim 500 times liquid on branches, trunks, leaves and the ground surface to resist diseases, spraying 40% omethoate emulsion 1500 times liquid to kill insects, after blooming, uniformly covering the ground surface with zeolite-chitosan composite powder 30-50 kg/mu, spraying chitosan solution on the surfaces of the branches, the trunks and the leaves to prevent and control plant diseases and insect pests, wherein the concentration of the chitosan solution sprayed on the surfaces of the branches and the trunks is 0.03%, and the concentration of the chitosan solution sprayed on the surfaces of the leaves is 0.15%;
s5, pruning and bud thinning: topping when the raspberry plants in the step S4 grow to 1.8-2m high, trimming thin and weak branches and damaged branches, wherein the annual new shoots grow 40cm in length, pinching, and 6-8 strong base branches can be reserved for each plant;
s6, water and fertilizer management: applying a special fertilizer to raspberry seedlings every 2-3 months from the beginning of transplanting, wherein the special fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of urea, 18 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 20 parts of potassium sulfate, 6 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1 part of ammonium molybdate and 2 parts of zinc sulfate, wherein the application amount is carried out according to the standard of 200 kg;
s7, foliar fertilization: spraying a foliar fertilizer on the first foliar surface after the buds of the raspberries appear, and spraying a foliar fertilizer on the second foliar surface after 15-20 days, wherein the foliar fertilizer consists of the following mixed liquid in parts by weight: 0.65 part of sodium molybdate, 0.8 part of zinc gluconate, 0.1 part of urea, 0.4 part of potassium chloride, 0.4 part of amino acid fertilizer, 0.2 part of zinc oxide, 0.1 part of calcium nitrate, 0.03 part of sodium naphthaleneacetate and 80 parts of water, wherein the spraying amount of the foliar fertilizer for the first foliar spraying is 650 mL/plant, and the spraying amount of the foliar fertilizer for the second foliar spraying is 940 mL/plant;
s8, field management: and (3) moisturizing the raspberry seedlings in the whole growth period of the raspberry seedlings, wherein the standard of moisturizing is to moisturize the raspberry planting field when the water content of the soil in the planting field is less than or equal to 2%.
Example two: referring to fig. 1, the present invention discloses a high yield planting method for raspberries, comprising the following steps:
s1, land selection and preparation: selecting a planting environment with sufficient sunlight and proper temperature, using sandy loam with deep soil layer, subacid or neutral soil and pH value of 6.0 as a planting field, wherein the planting field needs to have better air permeability and high content of organic substances for centralized and continuous planting in a flat land or a gentle slope land, and the field soil needs to be disinfected before the raspberries are planted in the selected field;
s2, treating cutting seedlings: the method comprises the steps of shearing a 22cm branch from a transplanted raspberry seedling with disinfected scissors before planting, placing a branch cut in a nutrient for soaking for 24 hours, soaking the cut in a growth promoter for 20min, wherein the nutrient is potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the growth promoter is a mixed solution of potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate and ammonium molybdate, mixing yellow mud aquatic carbon powder according to a mass ratio of 1: 0.08 to obtain a mixed solution, dipping the cut in the mixed solution for 30s, cutting the branch, and watering;
s3, raspberry seedling planting: digging pits in the planting land in the step S1, wherein the depth of the digging pits in the planting land is 35-40cm, spreading a layer of mellow soil in the pits, then fertilizing, putting a fertilizer with the thickness of 15-25cm, then covering a layer of mellow soil, putting the seedlings trimmed in the step S2 into the planting pits, stretching root systems, lifting the seedlings while hilling, treading the seedlings with feet, then watering thoroughly, sealing the dibbles, applying a soil conditioner into the planting land according to the amount of 150-kg/mu before transplanting, turning deeply and stirring uniformly, and naturally placing for 7-8 days, wherein the fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 parts of decomposed animal manure, 5 parts of humus, 3 parts of borax, 2 parts of monopotassium phosphate and 3 parts of ternary compound fertilizer, wherein the fertilizer application amount is 2500 kilograms per mu;
s4, pest control; before raspberry seedlings bloom, spraying 300 times of liquid of 50% carbendazim on branches, trunks, leaves and the ground surface to resist diseases, spraying 1300 times of liquid of 40% omethoate emulsion to kill insects, after blooming, uniformly covering 30-50 kg/mu of zeolite-chitosan composite powder on the ground surface, spraying chitosan solution on the surfaces of the branches, the trunks and the leaves to prevent and control plant diseases and insect pests, wherein the concentration of the chitosan solution sprayed on the surfaces of the branches and the trunks is 0.03%, and the concentration of the chitosan solution sprayed on the surfaces of the leaves is 0.1%;
s5, pruning and bud thinning: topping when the raspberry plants in the step S4 grow to 1.8-2m high, trimming thin and weak branches and damaged branches, wherein the annual new shoots grow 40-60cm in length, pinching, and 6-8 strong base branches can be reserved for each plant;
s6, water and fertilizer management: applying a special fertilizer to raspberry seedlings every 2-3 months from the beginning of transplanting, wherein the special fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of urea, 15 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 20 parts of potassium sulfate, 3 parts of magnesium sulfate, 2 parts of ammonium molybdate and 1 part of zinc sulfate, wherein the application amount is carried out according to the standard of 100-400 kg;
s7, foliar fertilization: spraying a foliar fertilizer on the first foliar surface after the buds of the raspberries appear, and spraying a foliar fertilizer on the second foliar surface after 15-20 days, wherein the foliar fertilizer consists of the following mixed liquid in parts by weight: 0.75 part of sodium molybdate, 0.85 part of zinc gluconate, 0.15 part of urea, 0.6 part of potassium chloride, 0.4 part of amino acid fertilizer, 0.3 part of zinc oxide, 0.13 part of calcium nitrate, 0.03 part of sodium naphthaleneacetate and 100 parts of water, wherein the spraying amount of the foliar fertilizer sprayed on the first leaf surface is 650 plus 750 mL/plant, and the spraying amount of the foliar fertilizer sprayed on the second leaf surface is 950 mL/plant;
s8, field management: and (3) moisturizing the raspberry seedlings in the whole growth period of the raspberry seedlings, wherein the standard of moisturizing is to moisturize the raspberry planting field when the water content of the soil in the planting field is less than or equal to 2.3%.
Example three: referring to fig. 1, the present invention discloses a high yield planting method for raspberries, comprising the following steps:
s1, land selection and preparation: selecting a planting environment with sufficient sunlight and proper temperature, using sandy loam with deep soil layer, subacid or neutral soil and pH value of 7.0 as a planting field, wherein the planting field needs to have better air permeability and high content of organic substances for centralized and continuous planting in a flat land or a gentle slope land, and the field soil needs to be disinfected before the raspberries are planted in the selected field;
s2, treating cutting seedlings: the method comprises the steps of shearing a 22cm branch from a transplanted raspberry seedling with disinfected scissors before planting, placing a branch cut in a nutrient for soaking for 24 hours, soaking the cut in a growth promoter for 30min, wherein the nutrient is potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the growth promoter is a mixed solution of potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate and ammonium molybdate, mixing yellow mud aquatic carbon powder according to a mass ratio of 1: 0.12 to obtain a mixed solution, dipping the cut in the mixed solution for 30s, cutting the branch, and watering;
s3, raspberry seedling planting: digging pits in the planting land in the step S1, wherein the depth of the digging pits in the planting land is 35-40cm, spreading a layer of mellow soil in the pits, then fertilizing, putting a fertilizer with the thickness of 15-25cm, then covering a layer of mellow soil, putting the seedlings trimmed in the step S2 into the planting pits, stretching root systems, lifting the seedlings while earthing up, treading the seedlings with feet, then watering thoroughly, sealing the holes, applying a soil conditioner into the planting land according to the amount of 200 kg/mu of soil conditioner 150 and soil for 150 times before transplanting, turning the soil conditioner deeply and stirring uniformly, and naturally placing for 7-8 days, wherein the fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12 parts of decomposed animal manure, 7 parts of humus, 5 parts of borax, 3 parts of monopotassium phosphate and 5 parts of ternary compound fertilizer, wherein the fertilizer application amount is 3000 kilograms per mu;
s4, pest control; before raspberry seedlings bloom, spraying 100 times of 50% carbendazim solution on branches, trunks, leaves and the ground surface to resist diseases, spraying 1500 times of 40% omethoate emulsion to kill insects, after blooming, uniformly covering 30-50 kg/mu of zeolite-chitosan composite powder on the ground surface, spraying chitosan solution on the surfaces of the branches, the trunks and the leaves to prevent and control plant diseases and insect pests, wherein the concentration of the chitosan solution sprayed on the surfaces of the branches and the trunks is 0.05%, and the concentration of the chitosan solution sprayed on the surfaces of the leaves is 0.15%;
s5, pruning and bud thinning: topping when the raspberry plants in the step S4 grow to 1.8-2m high, trimming thin and weak branches and damaged branches, wherein the annual new shoots grow 60cm in length, pinching, and 8 strong base branches can be reserved for each plant;
s6, water and fertilizer management: applying a special fertilizer to raspberry seedlings every 2-3 months from the beginning of transplanting, wherein the special fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of urea, 18 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 20 parts of potassium sulfate, 6 parts of magnesium sulfate, 2 parts of ammonium molybdate and 2 parts of zinc sulfate, wherein the application amount is carried out according to the standard of 100-400 kg;
s7, foliar fertilization: spraying a foliar fertilizer on the first foliar surface after the buds of the raspberries appear, and spraying a foliar fertilizer on the second foliar surface after 15-20 days, wherein the foliar fertilizer consists of the following mixed liquid in parts by weight: 0.75 part of sodium molybdate, 0.9 part of zinc gluconate, 0.2 part of urea, 0.4 part of potassium chloride, 1 part of amino acid fertilizer, 0.4 part of zinc oxide, 0.15 part of calcium nitrate, 0.05 part of sodium naphthaleneacetate and 100 parts of water, wherein the spraying amount of the foliar fertilizer sprayed on the first leaf surface is 750 mL/plant, and the spraying amount of the foliar fertilizer sprayed on the second leaf surface is 960 mL/plant;
s8, field management: and (3) moisturizing the raspberry seedlings in the whole growth period of the raspberry seedlings, wherein the standard of moisturizing is to moisturize the raspberry planting field when the water content of the soil in the planting field is less than or equal to 2.5%.
And (4) judging the standard: through comparison of the three embodiments, the best effect is the second embodiment, so that the second embodiment is selected as the best embodiment, and the specific change of the amount also belongs to the protection scope of the technical scheme.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the high-yield planting method applied to the raspberries, due to the adoption of field planting treatment, the first raspberry seedling can be fixed, the second raspberry seedling can not block the root respiration of the raspberries, the planting is not deep or shallow, and the survival rate of the raspberries is improved; according to the method, through scientific seedling raising, transplanting, pest control and field management, the planted raspberry seedlings are high in disease resistance and pest resistance, high in yield and strong in pesticide effect, and compared with the acre yield of the raspberry seedlings planted by a traditional method, the yield can be increased.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The high-yield planting method applied to the raspberries is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, land selection and preparation: selecting a planting environment with sufficient sunlight and proper temperature, using sandy loam with deep soil layer, subacid or neutral soil and pH value of 5.0-7.0 as a planting field, wherein the planting field has better air permeability and higher content of organic substances for centralized and continuous planting in flat land or gentle slope land;
s2, treating cutting seedlings: the method comprises the following steps of cutting a branch with the length of 18-22cm by using disinfected scissors for a root system of a transplanted raspberry seedling with thick stem and tender green leaves before planting, soaking a cut of the branch in a nutrient for 24 hours, soaking the cut in a growth promoter for 20-30min, mixing yellow muddy water biological carbon powder according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.08-0.12 to obtain a mixed solution, dipping the cut in the mixed solution for 20-30s, and then cutting the branch and watering;
s3, raspberry seedling planting: digging a pit in the planting field in the step S1, spreading a layer of mellow soil in the pit, then fertilizing, putting a fertilizer with the thickness of 15-25cm, then covering a layer of mellow soil, putting the nursery stock trimmed in the step S2 into the planting pit, enabling a root system to stretch, lifting the nursery stock while hilling, stepping on the nursery stock with feet, and then watering thoroughly and sealing a dibble;
s4, pest control; before the flowering of raspberry seedlings, spraying 100 times of liquid of 50% carbendazim 500-;
s5, pruning and bud thinning: topping when the raspberry plants in the step S4 grow to 1.8-2m high, trimming thin and weak branches and damaged branches, wherein the annual new shoots grow 40-60cm in length, pinching, and 6-8 strong base branches can be reserved for each plant;
s6, water and fertilizer management: applying a special fertilizer to the raspberry seedlings every 2-3 months from the beginning of transplanting, wherein the application amount is carried out according to the standard of 100 plus 400 kg;
s7, foliar fertilization: spraying a foliar fertilizer on the first foliar surface after the buds of the raspberries appear, and spraying a foliar fertilizer on the second foliar surface after 15-20 days;
s8, field management: and (3) moisturizing the raspberry seedlings in the whole growth period of the raspberry seedlings, wherein the standard of moisturizing is to moisturize the raspberry planting field when the water content of the soil in the planting field is less than or equal to 2-2.5%.
2. The high-yield planting method applied to raspberries as claimed in claim 1, wherein the land selection in step S1 requires disinfection of field soil before raspberries are planted.
3. The high yield planting method for raspberry as claimed in claim 1, wherein the soil conditioner is applied to the planting field in an amount of 150-200 kg/mu before transplanting in step S3, and the soil conditioner is turned over deeply and stirred uniformly and left for 7-8 days naturally.
4. The high-yield planting method applied to raspberries as claimed in claim 1, wherein the depth of the planting ground dug in step S3 is 35-40 cm.
5. The high-yield planting method for the raspberries as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fertilizer in the step S3 comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-12 parts of decomposed animal manure, 5-7 parts of humus, 3-5 parts of borax, 2-3 parts of monopotassium phosphate and 3-5 parts of ternary compound fertilizer.
6. The high-yield planting method for the raspberries as claimed in claim 1, wherein the nutrient in the step S2 is potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and the growth promoter is a mixture of potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate and ammonium molybdate.
7. The high-yield planting method applied to raspberries as claimed in claim 1, wherein the raspberries are planted in the high-yield planting method. The fertilizer application amount in the step S3 is 2500-3000 kg per mu, the concentration of the chitosan solution sprayed on the surfaces of the branches and the trunks in the step S4 is 0.03-0.05%, and the concentration of the chitosan solution sprayed on the surfaces of the leaves is 0.1-0.15%.
8. The high-yield planting method for the raspberries as claimed in claim 1, wherein the special fertilizer in the step S6 is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of urea, 12-18 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 15-20 parts of potassium sulfate, 3-6 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1-2 parts of ammonium molybdate and 1-2 parts of zinc sulfate.
9. The high-yield planting method for the raspberries as claimed in claim 1, wherein the foliar fertilizer in the step S7 is composed of the following mixed liquid in parts by weight: 0.65-0.75 part of sodium molybdate, 0.8-0.9 part of zinc gluconate, 0.1-0.2 part of urea, 0.4-0.7 part of potassium chloride, 0.4-1 part of amino acid fertilizer, 0.2-0.4 part of zinc oxide, 0.1-0.15 part of calcium nitrate, 0.03-0.05 part of sodium naphthalene acetate and 80-100 parts of water.
10. The high-yield planting method for raspberries as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spraying amount of the foliar fertilizer for the first time in the step S7 is 650 + 750 mL/plant, and the spraying amount of the foliar fertilizer for the second time is 940 + 960 mL/plant.
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