CN110896794A

CN110896794A - Scutellaria baicalensis cultivation method

Info

Publication number: CN110896794A
Application number: CN201811083490.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张勇
Original assignee: Nanchong Gaoping Fenghuangzhai Ecological Sightseeing Agriculture Co Ltd
Current assignee: Nanchong Gaoping Fenghuangzhai Ecological Sightseeing Agriculture Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-09-18
Filing date: 2018-09-18
Publication date: 2020-03-24

Abstract

The invention discloses a scutellaria baicalensis cultivation method, which comprises the steps of land selection, seed collection and seedling raising, transplanting or plant division propagation, field management, pest control, harvesting and soil adding, and is characterized in that: (1) selecting land: the scutellaria baicalensis is cultivated to take the hillside land which has good drainage, fertile humus soil and sandy soil, the surface soil is deep and soft, and the lower soil contains gravel as the planting land; (2) seed collection and seedling raising: (3) transplanting, (4) field management, (5) pest control, (6) harvesting and processing, wherein the scutellaria baicalensis cultivated by the method can obtain 350 kilograms of dry products in 3 years per mu, the quality is uniform and uniform, and the commodity performance is good.

Description

Scutellaria baicalensis cultivation method

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for cultivating medicinal plants, in particular to a method for cultivating scutellaria baicalensis.

Background

The scutellaria is a large amount of common traditional Chinese medicinal materials, has a long application history, has the functions of clearing heat and drying dampness, purging fire and removing toxicity, stopping bleeding and preventing miscarriage, and is sold at home and abroad. The root of Baikal skullcap root is used as medicine. For wild, scutellaria grows on gravelly or clay hills, mountain tops, grasslands, hilly slopes, grasslands, and also on relatively arid barren hills, and grassland type gravely mountain sunny slopes. It is favorable to mild weather and illumination, drought and cold resistant, and is suitable for growth of neutral or alkaline, loose and fertile soil. The wild plants are in a dispersed state and are difficult to harvest, so that the wild plants are difficult to meet the increasing market demands. Therefore, the development of an artificial cultivation yellow answer is necessary.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a scutellaria baicalensis cultivation method, which is realized by the following technical scheme and comprises the steps of selecting land, collecting seeds, raising seedlings, transplanting or dividing plants, breeding, managing fields, preventing and treating diseases and pests, harvesting and adding soil, and is characterized by being carried out according to the following methods:

1. selecting land: the scutellaria baicalensis is cultivated to take the hillside land which has good drainage, fertile humus soil and sandy soil, the surface soil is deep and soft, and the lower soil contains gravel as the planting land;

2. seed collection and seedling raising: selecting well-developed and robust 2-3 year-old plants as seed-collecting parent plants, harvesting after 9 months of fruit maturity, storing after drying, or mixing with soil and sand, burying in soil, selecting places with warm climate and good sunlight irradiation, arranging seedbeds, turning over the soil, smashing soil blocks, simultaneously applying rotten compost, human excrement and plant ash as base fertilizers, applying 2500 kg per mu, fully mixing with the soil, then arranging furrows with the width of 100-200 cm, determining the length of the furrows according to the terrain, sowing from 3 th ten days to 4 th days, sowing by adopting sowing or drilling, and planting when the seedlings grow 13-17 cm;

3. transplanting: in the field planting and transplanting period of 9 months in autumn or 4-5 months in spring, before planting, firstly making a furrow on the land, wherein the width of the furrow is 67 cm, the plant spacing is 23-26 cm, and covering soil and lightly pressing to enable the root to be tightly combined with the soil;

4. field management, (1) soil loosening and weeding: after the seedlings are planted and survive, weeding is carried out at any time, and soil loosening and ridging are carried out for 2-3 times; (2) fertilizing: composting for base fertilizer, applying 500-1000 kg of fertilizer per mu, applying human excrement and ammonium sulfate for topdressing, and applying topdressing for 2-3 times in stages during the growth period; (3) removing buds: when the flower buds occur, the flower buds are removed in time;

5. and (3) pest control: mainly comprises leaf blight, a control method, wherein 1000 times of 50% carbendazim wettable powder is used in the early stage of disease attack or 1: 1: spraying 120 Bordeaux mixture for 1 time every 7-14 days and continuously for 2-3 times;

6. harvesting and processing, wherein the scutellaria baicalensis can be harvested 2-3 years after being planted, harvested in spring and autumn, the roots are dug, the overground parts and soil are removed, the seeds are dried to be semi-dry, the skins are removed, and the seeds are dried to be completely dry.

The scutellaria baicalensis cultivated by the method can obtain 350 kilograms of dry products per mu in 3 years, the quality is uniform and uniform, and the commodity performance is good.

Detailed Description

Embodiment 1, a scutellaria baicalensis cultivation method, comprising the steps of selecting land, collecting seeds, raising seedlings, transplanting or dividing plants, managing the field, preventing and treating diseases and insect pests, harvesting and adding soil, is carried out according to the following method:

2. seed collection and seedling raising: selecting a well-developed 2-3 year old plant as a seed collecting parent plant, gradually maturing fruits in 9 months, collecting, drying and storing, or mixing with soil and sand, burying in soil, selecting a place with warm climate and good sunlight irradiation, arranging a seedbed, turning over the soil, smashing soil blocks, simultaneously applying thoroughly decomposed compost, human excrement and plant ash as base fertilizers, applying 2500 kg per mu, fully mixing with the soil, arranging a furrow with the width of 100-200 cm, determining the length of the furrow according to the visible terrain, adopting broadcasting or strip sowing from 3 lower ten days to 4 middle days of the sowing period, wherein the sowing period is uniform in density, the strip sowing distance is 7-10 cm, covering a thin soil layer after sowing, covering straw on the soil surface, preventing the furrow surface from drying and hardening, ensuring that the seeds germinate well, removing the covered grass after germination, and removing small seedlings if weeds occur in the dense growth part of the seedlings, the seedlings also need to be pulled out at any time, excrement and urine are applied for 1-2 times in the seedling raising period, and the seedlings can be planted when growing for 13-17 cm;

3. transplanting: in the field planting and transplanting period of 9 months in autumn or 4-5 months in spring, the land is bedded before planting, the width of the land is 67 cm, and the plant spacing is 23-26 cm. Selecting well-developed strong seedlings, loading 1 plant in each hole, covering soil and lightly pressing to enable roots to be tightly combined with soil;

4. field management, (1) soil loosening and weeding: after the seedlings are planted and survive, weeding is carried out at any time, soil loosening and earthing up are carried out for 2-3 times, the soil loosening is shallow, and the roots are not damaged so as to avoid rotting; (2) fertilizing: composting for base fertilizer, applying 500-1000 kg of fertilizer per mu, applying human excrement and ammonium sulfate for topdressing, and applying topdressing for 2-3 times in stages during the growth period; (3) removing buds: when the flower buds occur, the flower buds are removed in time to promote the development and growth of roots.

Claims

1. A scutellaria baicalensis cultivation method comprises the steps of land selection, seed collection and seedling raising, transplanting or plant division propagation, field management, pest control, harvesting and soil adding, and is characterized in that: the method is carried out as follows

(1) Selecting land: the scutellaria baicalensis is cultivated to take the hillside land which has good drainage, fertile humus soil and sandy soil, the surface soil is deep and soft, and the lower soil contains gravel as the planting land;

(2) seed collection and seedling raising: selecting well-developed and robust 2-3 year-old plants as seed-collecting parent plants, harvesting after 9 months of fruit maturity, storing after drying, or mixing with soil and sand, burying in soil, selecting places with warm climate and good sunlight irradiation, arranging seedbeds, turning over the soil, smashing soil blocks, simultaneously applying rotten compost, human excrement and plant ash as base fertilizers, applying 2500 kg per mu, fully mixing with the soil, then arranging furrows with the width of 100-200 cm, determining the length of the furrows according to the terrain, sowing from 3 th ten days to 4 th days, sowing by adopting sowing or drilling, and planting when the seedlings grow 13-17 cm;

(3) transplanting: in the field planting and transplanting period of 9 months in autumn or 4-5 months in spring, before planting, firstly making a furrow on the land, wherein the width of the furrow is 67 cm, the plant spacing is 23-26 cm, and covering soil and lightly pressing to enable the root to be tightly combined with the soil;

(4) ① soil loosening and weeding, namely weeding at any time after seedlings are planted and survive, loosening the soil and earthing up for 2-3 times, ② fertilizing, namely composting for base fertilizer, applying 500-1000 kg soil per mu, applying human excrement and ammonium sulfate for topdressing, and applying topdressing for 2-3 times in stages during the growth period, ③ removing buds, namely removing the buds in time when the buds occur;

(5) and (3) pest control: mainly comprises leaf blight, a control method, wherein 1000 times of 50% carbendazim wettable powder is used in the early stage of disease attack or 1: 1: spraying 120 Bordeaux mixture for 1 time every 7-14 days and continuously for 2-3 times;

(6) harvesting and processing, wherein the scutellaria baicalensis can be harvested 2-3 years after being planted, harvested in spring and autumn, the roots are dug, the overground parts and soil are removed, the seeds are dried to be semi-dry, the skins are removed, and the seeds are dried to be completely dry.