CN105625443A - High-steep soil nail grass planting slope protection structure system and construction method thereof - Google Patents
High-steep soil nail grass planting slope protection structure system and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105625443A CN105625443A CN201610125124.1A CN201610125124A CN105625443A CN 105625443 A CN105625443 A CN 105625443A CN 201610125124 A CN201610125124 A CN 201610125124A CN 105625443 A CN105625443 A CN 105625443A
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G20/20—Cultivation on mats
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
- E02D17/202—Securing of slopes or inclines with flexible securing means
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
A high steep soil nail grass planting slope protection structure system comprises a planting layer, a soil nail reinforcing body, a vegetation plate and a metal net; the vegetation board is fixed on the inclined plane of the rock-soil slope through the soil nail reinforcing body to divide the slope into a plurality of section surfaces; laying a metal net and a planting layer on each section surface, and fixing the planting layer on the metal net and the planting plate through soil nail reinforcing bodies; the metal net and the planting layer, the planting plate and the soil nail reinforcing body act together to form a high-steep soil nail grass planting slope protection structure system capable of solidifying, protecting and beautifying rock and soil side slopes; the construction method comprises the following process flows: construction preparation → construction of the first row of soil nail reinforcing body → installation of the first row of plant growth plates → installation of the rest soil nails and plant growth plates in sequence → arrangement of monitoring points → laying of metal mesh → laying of a planting layer → covering of non-woven fabric → maintenance and nursing. The structure system is simple; the construction period is short, the labor investment is less, and the method is economical and applicable; the construction on the abrupt slope need not scaffold frame operation, utilizes safety rope protection, plant living board as stepping on the point, and factor of safety is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high abrupt slope bank protection, greening structure system and constructional method thereof, particularly soil nail in a kind of high abrupt slope plants grass protective slope structure system and constructional method thereof.
Background technology
In new highway, construction site, railway both sides, in order to protect original natural water area and vegetation in place, keeping earthwork balance, the green method excavation in many employings slope, road both sides puts slope.
What extensively adopt at present is that " sash soil moved in improve the original greening method " carries out a cubic metre of earth slope retaining (see 11-1��Figure 11-2); This slope retaining technique is: on precipitous rock side slope face, utilizing works anchor pole is fixing forms planting groove with reinforced concrete girder slab, and the plantation soil in groove is planted shrub and creepers plant. Process flow is: set up scaffolding �� anchor pole become hole, making �� reinforced concrete girder slab groove build �� groove in filling plantation soil �� plantation shrub and creepers plant landscape �� maintenance; This method for protecting support has the following disadvantages:
The construction period of its anchor pole and reinforced concrete girder slab is longer, earthwork slope and land slide easily occurs, cave in operating process; Need to employ Steel Pipe Scaffold, large-scale machinery coordinative construction, have high input, cost height; And overall perception is poor, takies land use for greening area; Therefore traditional " sash soil moved in improve the original greening construction method " can not meet the requirement reducing costs, shortening the duration.
Patent publication No. is the greening technique that the application for a patent for invention of CN1548663A discloses a kind of precipitous soft side slope, adopts the method that domatic anchor pole linked network and spray concrete greening technique combine, but still has the following disadvantages:
The method adopts major diameter anchor pole and metal mesh sheet to build stable internal structure stress system on slope soil, and at domatic spraying green concrete protection system, two individual system actings in conjunction, mutually protect, side slope reinforced; A large amount of use, cover concrete, environment is produced certain pollution, is unfavorable for natural water cycle; Not material-saving; Can not having planted plant after covering concrete, artificial decreases tree and grass coverage, reduces impression quality.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide " a kind of high abrupt slope soil nail plants grass protective slope structure system and constructional method thereof ", grass protective slope structure system planted by this high abrupt slope soil nail is a kind of novel slope retaining mode, by adopting slope retaining and afforest two-in-one method, reach best effect; One-stop solve the problems such as safety, civilized construction, construction cost input, environmental protection; accelerating construction progress to greatest extent; allow geotechnical slope be able within the short period of time and obtain appropriate protection; green vegetation comes into operation as early as possible; reduce the cost of development of mountain region Building group, reach the object of joint ground, material-saving.
The technical scheme solved the problem is: grass protective slope structure system planted by a kind of high abrupt slope soil nail, comprise plantation layer, plantation layer fixed sturcture, it is characterized in that: described plantation layer fixed sturcture comprises soil nail and add solid, plate from plant wastes and wire netting, plate from plant wastes adds solid by soil nail and is fixed on the diagonal plane of geotechnical slope, and slope is separated into n section face; Being laid with wire netting, plantation layer on each section of face, wire netting, plate from plant wastes add solid fixing plantation layer by soil nail; Wire netting adds solid acting in conjunction with plantation layer, plate from plant wastes with soil nail, forms the high abrupt slope soil nail that can solidify, protect, beautify geotechnical slope and plants careless protective slope structure system, and the span of n is: n is any integer between 2��1000.
The further technical scheme of grass protective slope structure system planted by described a kind of high abrupt slope soil nail: the soil that described soil nail adds the soil nail reinforcing bar in native hole that solid is the hole formation by side slope diagonal plane, anchor soil inlet hole, the locating support being enclosed within soil nail reinforcing bar and the sand-cement slurry that is poured in soil hole is formed is followed closely and added solid; Described soil nail reinforcing bar is " 7 " font, for supporting plate from plant wastes and fixing metal net; Following closely reinforcing steel bars exposed end place namely at soil: " 7 " word head place, plate from plant wastes place, wire netting is connected by iron wire with soil nail reinforcing bar, plate from plant wastes colligation.
Described plate from plant wastes is wooden plate from plant wastes, is perpendicular to domatic and adds solid by soil nail and be fixed on the diagonal plane of geotechnical slope, contacts with domatic closely, and plate from plant wastes becomes level to become arrangement to put, and line space is 450-550mm.
Another relevant technical scheme is: the constructional method of grass bank protection planted by a kind of high abrupt slope soil nail, it constructs the constructional method that grass protective slope structure system planted by above-mentioned high abrupt slope soil nail, it utilizes plate from plant wastes and soil nail on the diagonal plane of geotechnical slope, carries out artificially separating segmentation; Laying wire netting, plantation layer on each point of compartment face, wire netting, plate from plant wastes add solid fixing plantation layer by soil nail; Construction period covers non-woven fabrics 4 and protects vegetation; Wire netting and plantation layer, plate from plant wastes and soil nail acting in conjunction, form the high abrupt slope soil nail that can solidify, protect, beautify geotechnical slope and plant grass protective slope structure system; The technical process of its constructional method is:
Preparation of construction �� construct first casting nail adds that remaining soil nail of plate from plant wastes �� install successively is arranged in solid �� installations first, plate from plant wastes �� layout of the monitoring points �� laying wire netting �� lay plantation layer �� covering non-woven fabrics �� maintenance is nursed;
Concrete steps are as follows:
A, preparation of construction:
B, construction the 1st casting nail add solid:
Layouting in B1, position, hole, between soil nail, spacing is 1.5-2.0m, adopts rectangle or quincuncial arrangement;
B2, beat soil hole: soil aperture, hole is 50-150mm, and soil hole hole depth is 80��4000mm;
B3, wear reinforcing bar: after clear hole, locating support is enclosed within soil nail reinforcing bar and puts into hole, ensure that soil nail reinforcing bar is in the position, center in hole; " 7 " word head of soil nail reinforcing bar exposes outside domatic 50��70mm; And follow closely, at soil, the locating support that reinforcing bar is positioned at soil bore portion setting, and ensureing that reinforcing bar is in the position, center in hole, locating support is along following closely long spacing about 1��1.5m, and every root soil follows closely reinforcing bar should not less than 2;
B4, slip casting:
Adopting the method for gravity slip casting, by proportioning by grout or mortar filling orifice, gravity slip casting is with till full hole, but needs to mend slurry 1��2 time;
C, installation the 1st row's plate from plant wastes:
Plate from plant wastes adopts wooden plate from plant wastes, is perpendicular to domatic and adds solid by soil nail and be fixed on the diagonal plane of geotechnical slope, contacts with domatic closely, it should not have built on stilts phenomenon;
D, repeating step B, C install each casting nail, plate from plant wastes successively:
The soil nail of the first row adds after solid and plate from plant wastes install, from bottom to top according to the identical operation of step B, C, technique, install successively make the 2nd row, the 3rd arrange ... n-th casting nail adds solid and n-th row's plate from plant wastes; Plate from plant wastes becomes level to become arrangement to put, and line space is 450-550mm, adjusts according to domatic gradient size; The span of n is: n is any integer between 2��1000;
E, laying monitoring point:
F, laying wire netting:
G, lay plantation layer:
H, covering non-woven fabrics:
After plantation layer is laid, cover non-woven fabrics by top, slope immediately to toe whole plane;
I, maintenance nursing.
The further technical scheme of the constructional method that grass bank protection planted by described high abrupt slope soil nail is: in A, preparation of construction step, the concrete practice is:
A1, according to scheme choice construction equipment and technique;
Slope excavation line, locating point, leveling point, distortion point of observation should be determined before A2, construction;
A3, lay earth anchor on top, slope, for safety operation rope binding, fixing;
A4, smooth domatic:
A5, base treatment
A6, processing soil nail reinforcing bar
The steel bar meter meeting specification is become " 7 " font; It is exposed at domatic outer steel bar end outside it and it is coated with rust-inhibiting paint 2 times.
At E, laying monitoring point step, the construction monitoring that grass bank protection planted by high abrupt slope soil nail at least should comprise following content:
1. the measurement of supporting displacement;
2. earth's surface cracking state, comprises position, fracture width observation;
3. the deformation measurement of the facility such as close to buildings and important pipeline and crack are observed;
4. the WATER LEVEL CHANGES inside and outside seepage water and base hole cheated by base;
5. observation process should be strengthened monitoring after rainy day and rain especially, and the various water source that may jeopardize supporting safety is carefully observed;
6. in the supporting construction stage, every day, monitoring was no less than 1��2 time, completed excavation of foundation pit, suitably reduced monitoring number of times when distortion tends towards stability, and construction monitoring process should continue to whole pit backfill to terminate, till supporting is deactivated.
At F, laying wire netting step, the concrete practice is:
Being paved from top to bottom to toe by top, slope by galvanized metal net, top metal network edge is buried in the earth fixing, and lower end is suitably strained and retained horizontal plane, and between net and net, overlap joint is not less than 100mm;
Namely soil follow closely reinforcing steel bars exposed end place: " 7 " word head place, plate from plant wastes place, wire netting colligation is fixed with iron wire, and it is domatic that process of deployment makes net be close to as far as possible, it should not unsettled buckling phenomena occurs.
At G, laying plantation layer step, the concrete practice is:
Treated seed and soil improvement agent, paper pulp fiber, compound manure, wetting Agent for Printing Inks are mixed into a certain proportion of clear water; it is dissolved in spray seeder and fully stirring through machinery; form uniform mixed solution; then current principle is utilized; by the effect of high-pressure pump, mixed solution evenly is sowed grass seeds by duster at a high speed processed good domatic on, formed uniform coverture protect under grass seeds layer; unnecessary water infiltrates in soil, and fiber, colloid form translucent moisturizing top layer.
In I, maintenance nursing step, the concrete practice is:
1. maintenance of, in earlier stage spraying is 60 days, and mid-term, by nature rainwater maintenance, if the arid of chance, monthly sprays water 2��3 times, and late maintaining is monthly sprayed water 2 times;
2., emerge 15 days after, answer nitrogen fertilizer application once, after 10 days sealing fertilizers once, and suitably water according to weather situation;
3., regularly spray insecticide pointedly, regularly remove weeds.
The present invention's it " a kind of high abrupt slope soil nail plants grass protective slope structure system and constructional method thereof " has following feature and useful effect:
A kind of high abrupt slope soil nail of the present invention is planted grass protective slope structure system and is utilized plate from plant wastes+soil nail to add solid on the diagonal plane of geotechnical slope, carries out artificially separating segmentation; Laying wire netting, plantation layer on each separation face, wire netting, plate from plant wastes add solid fixing plantation layer by soil nail; Construction period covers non-woven fabrics protection vegetation; Wire netting adds solid acting in conjunction with plantation layer, plate from plant wastes and soil nail, reaches solidification, protects, beautifies the object of geotechnical slope.
Its Force principle is: the stress that plantation layer produces acts on soil nail reinforcing bar by plate from plant wastes, wire netting; Soil nail reinforcing bar is then imbedded in side slope diagonal plane hole, and cement injection mortar forms soil nail and adds solid; Add the frictional force of solid with soil by soil nail, make the soil passive tension of nail and stabilize it to retrain, to reinforce to the soil body, plantation layer, effectively prevent the distortion of cubic metre of earth side slope; Vegetation on the plantation layer native stone granulate on the root system solidification side slope top layer of its prosperity so that it is wash away from rainwater and soil erosion.
Compared with prior art, therefore, the useful effect that the native nail in a kind of high abrupt slope of the present invention plants grass protective slope structure system and constructional method thereof is:
1, install light: main raw of the present invention soil nail adopts soil nail reinforcing bar, iron wire and a small amount of cement to make, and plate from plant wastes adopts wooden plate from plant wastes, it may also be useful to material compare existing lighter, it is not necessary to use hoisting machinery to assist; Operation is few, and construction period is few, labour's less investment.
2, than existing greening engineering compared with support engineering, drop into less, economic and practical:
1. greening engineering and support engineering are overlapped by present configuration system, have employed permanent Greening Design to substitute supporting work, drop into for two times that avoid supporting. Create the slope ecological environment that a greenery is strong, improve the view of road in park, meet existing environmental requirement, economic and practical;
2. recycling capable of circulation: the material in construction process, can be recycled; Part soil nail reinforcing bar and air-permeating film plant grass layer play a role after recyclable, then drop into next engineering.
3. safety coefficient height:
A when grass protective slope structure system construction planted by high abrupt slope soil nail, construct in abrupt slope without the need to scaffolding operation, utilize the protection of safety rope, with plate from plant wastes as trampling a little so that security is more secure.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the technology feature that a kind of high abrupt slope soil nail of the present invention plants grass protective slope structure system and constructional method thereof is described further.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The high abrupt slope soil that Fig. 1 is the present invention follows closely the structural representation planting grass protective slope structure system;
Fig. 2 is the installation position view of locating support 13;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of soil nail reinforcing bar;
Fig. 4��Figure 10 is the concrete steps schematic diagram that the constructional method of grass bank protection planted by high abrupt slope soil nail:
Fig. 4 is that the basic unit on high abrupt slope is smooth and view after cleaning;
Fig. 5 is that the n-th casting nail of having constructed adds view after solid;
Fig. 6 installs view after n-th row's plate from plant wastes;
Fig. 7 is view after laying wire netting;
Fig. 8 be lay plantation layer after view;
Fig. 9 is view after covering non-woven fabrics;
Figure 10 is that grass bank protection profile state schematic diagram planted by the high abrupt slope soil nail after vegetation germinates;
Figure 11-1��Figure 11-2 is existing sash soil moved in improve the original greening method construction view.
In Fig. 1��Figure 10:
1-soil nail adds solid, 11-soil hole, 12-soil nail reinforcing bar, 13-locating support, 14-sand-cement slurry;
2-wire netting, 3-plate from plant wastes, 4-non-woven fabrics, 5-kind plants layer, the length of L-soil nail reinforcing bar flat segments;
In Figure 11-1��Figure 11-2:
21-reinforced concrete beam, 22-sash plants grass, 23-plate from plant wastes, 24-soil moved in improve the original (plantation soil), the former soil layer of 25-, 26-anchor pole.
Embodiment
Embodiment one:
Grass protective slope structure system planted by a kind of high abrupt slope soil nail, comprise plantation layer 5, plantation layer fixed sturcture, described plantation layer fixed sturcture comprises soil nail and adds solid 1, plate from plant wastes 3 and wire netting 2, plate from plant wastes 3 adds solid 1 by soil nail and is fixed on the diagonal plane of geotechnical slope, and slope is separated into n section face; Being laid with wire netting 2, plantation layer 5 on each section of face, wire netting 2, plate from plant wastes 3 add the fixing plantation layer 5 of solid 1 by soil nail; Wire netting adds solid acting in conjunction with plantation layer, plate from plant wastes with soil nail, forms the high abrupt slope soil nail that can solidify, protect, beautify geotechnical slope and plants careless protective slope structure system, and the span of n is: n is any integer between 2��1000; See, in Fig. 1, Fig. 1, having 4 section faces.
The locating support 13(that described soil nail adds the soil nail reinforcing bar 12 in native hole 11 that solid 1 is the hole formation by side slope diagonal plane, anchor soil inlet hole 11, be enclosed within soil nail reinforcing bar is see Fig. 2) and the soil that formed of the sand-cement slurry 14 that is poured in soil hole follow closely and add solid; Described soil nail reinforcing bar 12 is " 7 " font, for supporting plate from plant wastes and fixing metal net (see Fig. 3), follows closely reinforcing bar 12 exposed junction place namely at soil: " 7 " word head place, plate from plant wastes 3 place, and wire netting 2 is connected by iron wire 6 with soil nail reinforcing bar 12, plate from plant wastes 3 colligation.
Described plate from plant wastes is wooden plate from plant wastes, is perpendicular to domatic and adds solid by soil nail and be fixed on the diagonal plane of geotechnical slope, contacts with domatic closely, and plate from plant wastes becomes level to become arrangement to put, and line space is 450-550mm;
The stress that plantation layer produces acts on soil nail reinforcing bar by plate from plant wastes, wire netting; Add the frictional force of solid with soil by soil nail, make soil nail add the passive tension of solid and stabilize it to retrain, to reinforce to the soil body, plantation layer, effectively prevent the distortion of cubic metre of earth side slope; Vegetation on the plantation layer native stone granulate on the root system solidification side slope top layer of its prosperity so that it is wash away from rainwater and soil erosion.
Embodiment two:
A constructional method for grass bank protection planted by high abrupt slope soil nail, and it is the constructional method that formation constructs that grass protective slope structure system planted by the native nail in high abrupt slope described in embodiment one, and it utilizes plate from plant wastes and native nail to add solid on the diagonal plane of geotechnical slope, carries out artificially separating segmentation; Laying wire netting 2, plantation layer 5 on each point of compartment face, wire netting 2, plate from plant wastes 3 add solid fixing plantation layer 5 by soil nail; Construction period covers non-woven fabrics 4 and protects vegetation; Wire netting and vegetation layer, plate from plant wastes and soil nail add solid acting in conjunction, form the high abrupt slope soil nail that can solidify, protect, beautify geotechnical slope and plant grass protective slope structure system (see Fig. 1); The technical process of its constructional method is:
Preparation of construction �� construct first casting nail adds solid �� installations first and arranges plate from plant wastes �� install remaining soil nail, plate from plant wastes �� laying monitoring point �� laying wire netting �� lay plantation layer �� covering non-woven fabrics �� maintenance nursing �� salvage material utilization successively;
Concrete steps are as follows:
A, preparation of construction:
A1, according to scheme choice construction equipment and technique, and monitoring device running situation, arranges on-the-spot water, electricity, illumination, material stockyard and construction working face, and material is carried out raw-material inspection and deposited with keeping after marching into the arena;
Slope excavation line, locating point, leveling point, distortion point of observation etc. should be determined before A2, construction; In addition appropriate protection after determining, as detection foundation, for the work of handing-over inspection and transfering work face is prepared;
A3, lay earth anchor on top, slope, for safety operation rope binding, fixing; Earth anchor can choose 5 years raw arbors, it is also possible to the �� 48.3*3.6mm steel pipe of length 1.0 meters, anchors into underground and makes;
A4, smooth domatic: (see Fig. 4)
Cleaning, smooth domatic diameter of being removed are greater than the foreign material such as the float stone of 2cm, tree root, are beneficial to plantation layer and domatic combination, adopt small machine or shovel spade to carry out cutting side slope, to reach the gradient of design code and suitable planeness;
A5, base treatment:
As being rock slope, before injection plantation layer, then the dust thing on rock face first should be rinsed well with water;
As barren in soil nutrient in good time with PH value, it is necessary to use base fertilizer and soil improvement agent before sowing, rate of fertilizer application is fixed with the fertility situation of soil;
A6. processing soil nail reinforcing bar
The steel bar meter meeting specification is become " 7 " font (see Fig. 3); It is exposed at domatic outer steel bar end 121 outside it and it is coated with rust-inhibiting paint 2 times;
Soil nail reinforcing bar many employings �� 18 reinforcing bar adopted, the length L of its flat segments, is divided into three kinds according to different soil properties, refers to subordinate list one " the length L table look-up of different soil property soil nail reinforcing bar flat segments ";
B, construction the 1st casting nail add solid: (see Fig. 5)
Layouting in B1, position, hole, between soil nail, spacing is 1.5-2.0m, adopts rectangle or quincuncial arrangement;
B2, beat soil hole: soil aperture, hole is 50-150mm, and soil hole hole depth is 800��4000mm;
Mechanical hole building should be adopted for increasing work efficiency as far as possible, eyelet direction is vertical with domatic, its position deviation must not be greater than 150mm, level inclination error must not be greater than 3o, general aperture is 50mm, aperture permissible variation is+20mm��-5mm, and hole depth is 800��3000mm, permissible error is+200mm��-50mm; Meeting obstacle in pore forming process when need to adjust, must not affect supporting safety, Cheng Konghou to be carried out hole clearly and check, should be processed in time at collapse hole place;
B3, wear reinforcing bar: after clear hole, locating support 13 is enclosed within soil nail reinforcing bar 12 and puts into hole, ensure that soil nail reinforcing bar is in the position, center in hole; " 7 " word head of soil nail reinforcing bar exposes outside domatic 50��70mm;
Locating support 13 on every root soil nail reinforcing bar should not less than 2; Locating support 13 reinforcement fabrication, the structure of locating support should not hinder the unrestricted flow of injection slurry;
B4, slip casting:
Adopting the method for gravity slip casting, by proportioning by grout or mortar filling orifice, gravity slip casting is with till full hole, but needs to mend slurry 1��2 time;
During slip casting, grouting pipe should be inserted at the bottom of hole, is spread out with uniform speed slow by conduit while slip casting, and the grout outlet of conduit should be in hole to starch below the surface of body all the time, ensures that in hole, gas can all be overflowed;
C, installation the 1st row's plate from plant wastes:
Plate from plant wastes 3 adopts wooden plate from plant wastes, and specification is thick in width: 10mm �� 50mm, and length is determined according to domatic concavo-convex fluctuating;
Plate from plant wastes is perpendicular to domatic and adds solid 1 by soil nail and be fixed on the diagonal plane of geotechnical slope, contacts with domatic closely, it should not have built on stilts phenomenon;
D, repeating step B, C install each casting nail, plate from plant wastes successively:
The soil nail of the first row adds after solid and plate from plant wastes install, from bottom to top according to the identical operation of step B, C, technique, install successively make the 2nd row, the 3rd arrange ... n-th casting nail adds solid and n-th row's plate from plant wastes; Plate from plant wastes becomes level to become arrangement to put, and line space is 450-550mm, adjusts according to domatic gradient size; The span of n is: n is any integer between 2��1000; See Fig. 6: install view after n-th row's plate from plant wastes, in Fig. 6; N=4;
E, laying monitoring point:
The construction monitoring that grass bank protection supporting planted by high abrupt slope soil nail at least should comprise following content:
1. the measurement of supporting displacement;
2. earth's surface cracking state, comprises position, fracture width observation;
3. the deformation measurement of the facility such as close to buildings and important pipeline and crack are observed;
4. the WATER LEVEL CHANGES inside and outside seepage water and base hole cheated by base;
5. observation process should be strengthened monitoring after rainy day and rain especially, and the various water source that may jeopardize supporting safety is carefully observed;
6. in the supporting construction stage, every day, monitoring was no less than 1��2 time, completed excavation of foundation pit, suitably reduced monitoring number of times when distortion tends towards stability, and construction monitoring process should continue to whole pit backfill to terminate, till supporting is deactivated;
F, laying wire netting: (see Fig. 7)
Adopting 14# galvanized metal net to pave to toe by top, slope from top to bottom, top metal network edge is buried in the earth fixing, and lower end is suitably strained and retained horizontal plane, and between net and net, overlap joint is not less than 100mm;
Namely soil follow closely reinforcing steel bars exposed end place: " 7 " word head place, plate from plant wastes place, wire netting 2 colligation is fixed with the iron wire 6 of 2mm diameter, and it is domatic that process of deployment makes net be close to as far as possible, it should not unsettled buckling phenomena occurs;
G, lay plantation layer:
Treated seed and soil improvement agent, paper pulp fiber, compound manure, wetting Agent for Printing Inks are mixed into a certain proportion of clear water, it is dissolved in spray seeder and fully stirring through machinery, form uniform mixed solution, then current principle is utilized, by the effect of high-pressure pump, mixed solution evenly is sowed grass seeds by duster at a high speed processed good domatic on, formed uniform coverture protect under grass seeds layer, unnecessary water infiltrates in soil, and fiber, colloid form translucent moisturizing top layer; (see Fig. 8)
H, covering non-woven fabrics:
After plantation layer is laid, cover non-woven fabrics 4 by top, slope immediately to toe whole plane; (see Fig. 9)
Non-woven fabrics lap-joint (is no less than 150mm) and all being fixed end to end of every sheet non-woven fabrics by iron wire fourth or bamboo let, and sprinkles a small amount of fine sand or fine earth flanging;
Period adopts atomisation device to sprinkle water, and keeps domatic moistening, avoids directly washing away plantation layer. Grow to after 30mm height until vegetation, non-woven fabrics can be removed;
The main effect of non-woven fabrics reduces the evaporation of domatic moisture, improves seed germination growing environment, prevents bird fowl from pecking at seed, can also alleviate precipitation (heavy rain) washing away seed simultaneously. Approximately spend about 15 days, after when should take advantage of cloudy day or afternoon 3 when grass seedling grows to 3��5 centimetres, lift non-woven fabrics in time, through one night dew carry seedling, make seedling can adapt to the climatope of the Nature as early as possible. Non-woven fabrics can not be raised too early, is early unable to undergo solar exposure and atrocious weather impact because grass seedling children is tender, excessively raises evening and can cause grass seedling growth deformity;
I, maintenance nursing:
Early stage, sprinkling irrigation maintenance was 60 days, and mid-term, by nature rainwater maintenance, if the arid of chance, monthly sprays water 2��3 times, and late maintaining is monthly sprayed water 2 times; After emerging 15 days, in order to promote lawn growth, answer nitrogen fertilizer application (5 grams/m2) once, after 10 days sealing fertilizer (15 grams/m2) once; And suitably water according to weather situation, so that it may to reach the effect of green side slope; Timing is sprayed insecticide pointedly, regularly removes weeds, ensures plant health growth; High abrupt slope soil nail is planted grass protective slope structure system and is fully formed (see Figure 10).
The slope protection mechanism of grass protective slope structure system planted by height abrupt slope of the present invention soil nail:
Utilize active plant and the engineering materialss such as combined with steel reinforced concrete synthetic materials, at domatic structure safeguard system with own growth ability, add solid opposite side slope by the growth of plant in conjunction with permanent soil nail and reinforce; Feature according to side slope topography and geomorphology, soil property and region weather, arranges soil nail and adds solid in slope soil inside, and soil body surface is covered lid layer geosynthetics and planted various plants by certain combination and spacing; The internal displacement distortion of solid binding side slope is added by soil nail; The object that root system adds muscle, the anti-erosion of stem leaf is reached by the growth activity of plant, process through ecological vestige, can at the dense vegetative coverage of domatic formation, deep-rooted root system is formed at topsoil, effectively suppress Storms runoff to the erosion of side slope, increasing the slip resistance of the soil body, reduce pore water pressure and the soil body from gravity, two kinds of technology combine thus increase substantially stability and the erosion resistibility of side slope.
Subordinate list one: the different soil property length L table look-up of soil nail reinforcing bar flat segments
Unit of length: mm
Claims (9)
1. grass protective slope structure system planted by a high abrupt slope soil nail, comprise plantation layer, plantation layer fixed sturcture, it is characterized in that: described plantation layer fixed sturcture comprises soil nail and add solid (1), plate from plant wastes (3) and wire netting (2), plate from plant wastes (3) adds solid (1) by soil nail and is fixed on the diagonal plane of geotechnical slope, and slope is separated into n section face; Being laid with wire netting (2), plantation layer (5) on each section of face, wire netting (2), plate from plant wastes (3) add solid (1) fixing plantation layer (5) by soil nail; Wire netting adds solid acting in conjunction with plantation layer, plate from plant wastes with soil nail, forms the high abrupt slope soil nail that can solidify, protect, beautify geotechnical slope and plants careless protective slope structure system, and the span of n is: n is any integer between 2��1000.
2. grass protective slope structure system planted by soil nail in one according to claim 1 high abrupt slope, it is characterised in that: the soil nail that described soil nail adds soil nail reinforcing bar (12) in native hole (11) that solid (1) is the hole formation by side slope diagonal plane, anchor soil inlet hole (11), the locating support (13) being enclosed within soil nail reinforcing bar and the sand-cement slurry (14) that is poured in soil hole is formed adds solid;
Described soil nail reinforcing bar (12) is " 7 " font, for supporting plate from plant wastes and fixing metal net; Following closely reinforcing bar (12) exposed junction place namely at soil: " 7 " word head place, plate from plant wastes (3) place, wire netting (2) is connected by iron wire (6) with soil nail reinforcing bar (12), plate from plant wastes (3) colligation.
3. grass protective slope structure system planted by one according to claim 1 high abrupt slope soil nail, it is characterized in that: described plate from plant wastes (3) is wooden plate from plant wastes, it is perpendicular to domatic and adds solid (1) by soil nail and be fixed on the diagonal plane of geotechnical slope, contact closely with domatic, plate from plant wastes becomes level to become arrangement to put, and line space is 450-550mm.
4. a constructional method for grass bank protection planted by soil nail in high abrupt slope, and it constructs high abrupt slope soil nail described in claim 1 to plant the constructional method of grass protective slope structure system, and it utilizes plate from plant wastes and soil nail on the diagonal plane of geotechnical slope, carries out artificially separating segmentation; Laying wire netting (2), plantation layer (5) on each point of compartment face, wire netting (2), plate from plant wastes (3) add solid (1) fixing plantation layer (5) by soil nail; Construction period covers non-woven fabrics 4 and protects vegetation; Wire netting and plantation layer, plate from plant wastes and soil nail acting in conjunction, form the high abrupt slope soil nail that can solidify, protect, beautify geotechnical slope and plant grass protective slope structure system; The technical process of its constructional method is:
Preparation of construction �� construct first casting nail adds that remaining soil nail of plate from plant wastes �� install successively is arranged in solid �� installations first, plate from plant wastes �� layout of the monitoring points �� laying wire netting �� lay plantation layer �� covering non-woven fabrics �� maintenance is nursed;
Concrete steps are as follows:
A, preparation of construction:
B, construction the 1st casting nail add solid:
C, installation the 1st row's plate from plant wastes:
Layouting in B1, position, hole, between soil nail, spacing is 1.5-2.0m, adopts rectangle or quincuncial arrangement;
B2, beat soil hole: soil aperture, hole is 50-150mm, and soil hole hole depth is 800��4000mm;
B3, wear reinforcing bar: after clear hole, locating support (13) is enclosed within soil nail reinforcing bar (12) and puts into hole, ensure that soil nail reinforcing bar is in the position, center in hole; " 7 " word head of soil nail reinforcing bar exposes outside domatic 50��70mm; And follow closely, at soil, the locating support that reinforcing bar is positioned at soil bore portion setting, and ensureing that reinforcing bar is in the position, center in hole, locating support is along following closely long spacing about 1��1.5m, and every root soil follows closely reinforcing bar should not less than 2;
B4, slip casting:
Adopting the method for gravity slip casting, by proportioning by grout or mortar filling orifice, gravity slip casting is with till full hole, but needs to mend slurry 1��2 time;
C, installation the 1st row's plate from plant wastes:
Plate from plant wastes (3) adopts wooden plate from plant wastes, is perpendicular to domatic and is added solid (1) be fixed on the diagonal plane of geotechnical slope by soil nail, and domatic between be in close contact, it should not have built on stilts phenomenon;
D, repeating step B, C install each casting nail, plate from plant wastes successively:
The soil nail of the first row adds after solid and plate from plant wastes install, from bottom to top according to the identical operation of step B, C, technique, install successively make the 2nd row, the 3rd arrange ... n-th casting nail adds solid and n-th row's plate from plant wastes; Plate from plant wastes becomes level to become arrangement to put, and line space is 450-550mm, adjusts according to domatic gradient size; The span of n is: n is any integer between 2��1000;
E, laying monitoring point:
F, laying wire netting:
G, lay plantation layer:
H, covering non-woven fabrics:
After plantation layer is laid, cover non-woven fabrics by top, slope immediately to toe whole plane;
I, maintenance nursing.
5. the constructional method of grass bank protection planted by soil nail in high abrupt slope according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: in A, preparation of construction step, the concrete practice is:
A1, according to scheme choice construction equipment and technique;
Slope excavation line, locating point, leveling point, distortion point of observation should be determined before A2, construction;
A3, lay earth anchor on top, slope, for safety operation rope binding, fixing;
A4, smooth domatic:
A5, base treatment:
A6, processing soil nail reinforcing bar: the steel bar meter meeting specification is become " 7 " font; It is exposed at domatic outer steel bar end outside it and it is coated with rust-inhibiting paint 2 times.
6. the constructional method of grass bank protection planted by soil nail in high abrupt slope according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: at E, laying monitoring point step, the construction monitoring that grass bank protection planted by high abrupt slope soil nail at least should comprise following content:
1., the measurement of supporting displacement;
2., earth's surface cracking state, comprise position, fracture width observe;
3., the deformation measurement of the facility such as close to buildings and important pipeline and crack are observed;
4., the WATER LEVEL CHANGES inside and outside seepage water and base hole cheated by base;
5., observation process should be strengthened monitoring after rainy day and rain especially, and the various water source that may jeopardize supporting safety is carefully observed;
6., in the supporting construction stage, every day, monitoring was no less than 1��2 time, completed excavation of foundation pit, suitably reduced monitoring number of times when distortion tends towards stability, and construction monitoring process should continue to whole pit backfill to terminate, till supporting is deactivated.
7. the constructional method of grass bank protection planted by soil nail in high abrupt slope according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: at F, laying wire netting step, the concrete practice is:
Being paved from top to bottom to toe by top, slope by galvanized metal net (2), top metal network edge is buried in the earth fixing, and lower end is suitably strained and retained horizontal plane, and between net and net, overlap joint is not less than 100mm;
Namely soil follow closely reinforcing steel bars exposed end place: " 7 " word head place, plate from plant wastes place, wire netting (2) colligation is fixed with iron wire (6), and it is domatic that process of deployment makes net be close to as far as possible, it should not unsettled buckling phenomena occurs.
8. the constructional method of grass bank protection planted by soil nail in high abrupt slope according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: at G, laying plantation layer step, the concrete practice is:
Treated seed and soil improvement agent, paper pulp fiber, compound manure, wetting Agent for Printing Inks are mixed into a certain proportion of clear water; it is dissolved in spray seeder and fully stirring through machinery; form uniform mixed solution; then current principle is utilized; by the effect of high-pressure pump, mixed solution evenly is sowed grass seeds by duster at a high speed processed good domatic on, formed uniform coverture protect under grass seeds layer; unnecessary water infiltrates in soil, and fiber, colloid form translucent moisturizing top layer.
9. the constructional method of grass bank protection planted by soil nail in high abrupt slope according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: in I, maintenance nursing step, the concrete practice is:
1. maintenance of, in earlier stage spraying is 60 days, and mid-term, by nature rainwater maintenance, if the arid of chance, monthly sprays water 2��3 times, and late maintaining is monthly sprayed water 2 times;
2., emerge 15 days after, answer nitrogen fertilizer application once, after 10 days sealing fertilizers once, and suitably water according to weather situation;
3., regularly spray insecticide pointedly, regularly remove weeds.
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| CN109629581A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-04-16 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | A kind of non-support high gradient slope covers green construction method |
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| CN111395357A (en) * | 2020-04-23 | 2020-07-10 | 中铁建设集团有限公司 | Recoverable soil nail wall supporting system of formula of paving |
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Address after: No. 167, Donghuan Avenue, Liuzhou City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Patentee after: Guangxi construction engineering Fifth Construction Engineering Group Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. 167, Donghuan Avenue, Liuzhou City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Patentee before: THE FIFTH CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING COMPANY OF GUANGXI CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING Group |
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Granted publication date: 20171013 |