CN110552356B - Comprehensive treatment system for hanging slag on lower side slope of road in plateau area and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Comprehensive treatment system for hanging slag on lower side slope of road in plateau area and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110552356B CN110552356B CN201910908828.XA CN201910908828A CN110552356B CN 110552356 B CN110552356 B CN 110552356B CN 201910908828 A CN201910908828 A CN 201910908828A CN 110552356 B CN110552356 B CN 110552356B
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- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 134
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
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- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
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- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001061906 Caragana Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000219000 Populus Species 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000002688 soil aggregate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0293—Seed or shoot receptacles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0295—Units comprising two or more connected receptacles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/033—Flat containers for turf, lawn or the like, e.g. for covering roofs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/18—Making embankments, e.g. dikes, dams
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F3/00—Sewer pipe-line systems
- E03F3/04—Pipes or fittings specially adapted to sewers
- E03F3/046—Open sewage channels
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/60—Planning or developing urban green infrastructure
Abstract
The invention provides a comprehensive treatment system for hanging slag on a side slope under a road in a plateau area and a construction method thereof, wherein the comprehensive treatment system comprises a slag pile, a slag blocking facility, a bottom platform, a lattice slope protection, a slope repairing surface layer, a top surface platform, a foreign soil spray seeding layer, a nutrition bag and a water intercepting and draining ditch, wherein the slag blocking facility is arranged at the toe of the pile slag and plays a role of blocking a slag body; a lattice slope protection used for ensuring the stability of slag bodies is arranged on two stages, close to the bottom platform, of the lower end of the slope repair surface layer; the top of the slag pile is provided with a top surface platform, and a nutrition bag is arranged on the exposed slope between the top surface platform and the road; the soil-dressing spray-seeding layer is sprayed on the exposed slope surface around the nutrition bag. The treatment method has comprehensive system and good treatment effect. The treatment measures are simple, can be widely applied to highway lower slope slag hanging treatment and high slope loose accumulation body reinforcement treatment, and has wide application range and strong popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a comprehensive treatment system and a method for road side slope slag hanging, in particular to a comprehensive treatment system for road side slope slag hanging in a plateau area and a construction method thereof.
Background
Roads constructed in the plateau area generally meander between mountains and canyons. In the road construction process, the excavated slag can be inevitably scattered into the gully and the slope surface at the lower side of the road to form slope surface slag hanging, occupy and destroy the original surface vegetation. Meanwhile, the method is limited to traffic conditions, slag transportation is difficult, and slag hanging is difficult and time-to-time transportation to a specified slag disposal field is caused.
The height of the slope surface hanging slag is generally higher than 20m, the slope surface hanging slag is loosely adhered to the surface of the slope surface and the surface of a ditch, and partial hanging slag is quickly introduced into the ditch, river and farmland at the bottom of the slope or even the lower side of the slope from the top of the slope during flood season, so that the damage of water and soil loss is easily caused; in the season of strong wind, scum enters the surrounding area, so that the quality of the surrounding air environment is reduced, and the surrounding ecology is seriously damaged (the current situation of slag hanging on a side slope of a certain highway is shown in figure 1).
Therefore, the comprehensive treatment system for the side slope hanging slag under the road and the construction method thereof are urgently needed to be developed, the principle is simple, the construction is rapid, and the requirements of lasting stability and rapid ecological restoration of the side slope hanging slag are met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a comprehensive treatment system for the road side slope hanging slag in a plateau area and a construction method thereof, which meet the requirements of lasting stability and quick ecological restoration of the road side slope hanging slag, provide a solution for the high side slope hanging slag and provide a thinking for the comprehensive treatment of the road side slope hanging slag.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the comprehensive treatment system for the hanging slag of the side slope under the road in the plateau area is characterized by comprising a slag pile, a slag blocking facility, a bottom platform, a lattice slope protection, a slope repairing surface layer, a top surface platform, a soil-covering spray seeding layer, a nutrition bag and a drainage intercepting ditch.
The slag blocking facility is arranged at the slope toe of the piled slag and plays a role in blocking slag bodies;
a bottom platform is formed between the slope feet of the slag piles and the slag blocking facilities;
the slope repairing surface layer is paved on the surface of the slag pile, and the slope repairing surface layer is provided with multiple stages from top to bottom;
a lattice slope protection used for ensuring the stability of slag bodies is arranged on two stages, close to the bottom platform, of the lower end of the slope repair surface layer;
the top of the slag pile is provided with a top surface platform, and a nutrition bag is arranged on the exposed slope between the top surface platform and the road;
the soil-dressing spray-seeding layer is sprayed on the exposed slope surface around the nutrition bag;
the intercepting drainage ditch is arranged on the periphery of a side slope, a horse road and a slag hanging area under the road and is used for intercepting and guiding the water of the road, the slag pile slope and the peripheral slope, and reducing the flushing of the slag pile area by water flow.
The top width of the slag blocking facility is 1.5m, the wall height is 5.0m, the depth of the foundation of the slag blocking facility below the in-situ surface line is 1.5m, the slag blocking facility has a slag facing side slope ratio of 1:0.1, and the back slag side slope ratio of 1:0.4.
And planting arbor and sowing grass seeds on the bottom platform and the top platform to recover vegetation.
The slope ratio of the slope repairing surface layer is 1:1.5-1:2.5, and the single-stage slope height is 10-15 m.
The lattice slope protection comprises a top beam, a bottom beam, lattice beams and node dowel bars, wherein the top beam is built at the top of a two-stage slope at the lowest part of a slope building surface layer, the bottom beam is built at the slope toe of the slope building surface layer, the lattice beams are poured between the top beam and the bottom beam and are arranged in a crossed mode, the node dowel bars are arranged at the crossed positions of the lattice beams, the node dowel bars are inserted into a slag pile, a space surrounded by the crossed arrangement of the lattice beams is filled with a nutrient soil layer, the interval distance between the lattice beams is 3.0mX3.0m, and the cross section area is 0.4mX0.4m.
The distance between the nutrient bags is 1.0mx1.0m, the nutrient bags are arranged in a plum blossom shape, and the spraying thickness of the soil-alien spraying layer is 10cm.
The construction method of the comprehensive treatment system for the hanging slag of the side slope under the road in the plateau area comprises the following specific steps:
s1, preparing construction, repairing an existing or newly-built construction channel, meeting the requirements of construction machinery and material transportation, achieving the requirements of water passage, power supply, passage, ventilation, communication and leveling site, and creating conditions for engineering construction;
s2, constructing a slag blocking facility, firstly lofting according to an axis, and excavating a foundation by adopting an excavator; secondly, constructing a concrete jump bin, adopting a steel template to erect a mould, adopting a pump truck to directly pump the concrete into the bin, and carrying out layered vibrating compaction; finally, adopting maintenance measures such as grass bag coverage, watering and the like until the concrete reaches 28 days of age, and removing the template;
s3, constructing a drainage ditch, and firstly, lofting according to the axis; the method is characterized in that manual excavation is adopted for peripheral drainage ditches, and manual drilling and blasting construction is adopted for local rock areas; for slope tops and pavement drainage ditches, manual excavation is adopted after slag turning and slope repairing are finished, after the excavation is finished, a steel template is adopted for erecting a mould, concrete is pumped into a bin in a pump truck and pipeline mode, and layered vibration is carried out for compaction; finally, adopting maintenance measures such as grass bag coverage, watering and the like until the concrete reaches 28 days of age, and removing the template;
s4, turning slag on a slope layer and repairing the slope, carrying out slag turning construction from top to bottom according to current slope surface slag hanging distribution, wherein the upper middle part is mainly manually turned and transported, and the middle lower part is mainly mechanically turned; in the process of turning slag, leveling a pile slag slope into a single-stage or multi-stage slope according to the current situation of slag hanging after turning, and constructing the slope from top to bottom to ensure the digging and filling balance as much as possible;
s5, constructing a lattice slope protection, namely firstly, carrying out lattice Liang Fangyang and artificial grooving; secondly, paving a lattice reinforcement cage in the groove, embedding tie bars in the nodes of the lattice beam, and overlapping and binding the ends of the tie bars and the reinforcement cage; adopting a steel template to erect a mould, pumping concrete into a bin in a pump truck and pipeline mode, and carrying out layered vibrating compaction; finally, adopting maintenance measures such as grass bag coverage, watering and the like until the concrete reaches 28 days of age, and removing the template;
s6, constructing a nutrition bag, namely firstly carrying out nutrition bag acupoint lofting and hole digging by a drilling machine, then putting the well-packed nutrition bag into the hole, fixing a short anchor rod and protecting the surface by adopting a lead wire net;
s7, constructing a foreign soil spraying layer, firstly fixing a foreign soil spraying machine, and putting the material of the foreign soil aggregate structure into the foreign soil spraying machine to be uniformly stirred; secondly, paving a layer of wire netting on the slope, and uniformly spraying the uniformly mixed soil-alienating slurry around the nutrition bags by adopting a mode of manually carrying a spray gun; after the spray seeding is finished, covering by adopting non-woven fabrics, and properly adopting atomized water drops to spray and maintain according to climatic conditions;
s8, plant measure construction, namely firstly, lofting arbor and shrub acupoints, and digging holes or fish scale pits; and spreading a layer of farmyard manure with the thickness of 10cm at the bottom of the pit, putting arbor and shrub seedlings into the pit, covering nutrient soil, and manually tamping the surface. According to the climate conditions, proper nursery stock tending measures such as sun protection, irrigation and the like are adopted.
The nutrition bag in the step S6 adopts an anti-aging geotechnical bag with the specification of 60cm multiplied by 40cm multiplied by 25cm, and is internally filled with nutrition soil, grass-filling seeds and nutritional agent, wherein each bag of nutrition soil is 0.05m 3 0.6g of shrub seeds, 2.4g of grass seeds, 0.5g of water-retaining agent and 0.005m of organic fertilizer 3 27g of chemical fertilizer, wherein the nutrition bags are buried by digging holes, the hole spacing is 1.0m multiplied by 1.0m, the nutrition bags are arranged in a plum blossom shape, the hole length is 0.6m, the hole short diameter is 0.4m, the hole depth is 0.1m, each nutrition bag is fixed by 2 short anchor rods, and the surface of each nutrition bag is protected by a lead wire net.
The spraying thickness of the soil-dressing spraying layer in the step S7 is 10cm, and each timem 2 In the spray seeding area, the common silicate cement is 6kg, the sand is 2kg, and the planting soil is 0.006m 3 Organic matter 0.002m 3 200g of wood fiber, 3g of shrub seeds and 9g of grass seeds, and paving a layer of wire netting on the slope surface before spraying and sowing in foreign soil; after the spraying is finished, measures such as non-woven fabric covering, atomized water drop spraying and the like are needed according to weather conditions.
In the step S8, the vegetation is restored by combining the grass irrigation on the slope layer and in the lattice slope protection, wherein the shrubs are selected from the golden prune and the caragana with the mixing proportion of 1:1 and the plant row spacing of 1.0m multiplied by 1.0m, the fish scale pit is adopted for soil preparation, the pit specification is adopted, and the length diameter multiplied by the short diameter multiplied by the pit depth is 0.6m multiplied by 0.4m multiplied by 0.5m; sowing grass seeds in the forest, wherein the grass seeds are selected from the group consisting of elymus dropsy, bluegrass in cold land and old wheat grass, the mixed sowing ratio is 2:1:2, and the sowing amount is 200kg/hm 2 Planting trees and sowing grass seeds on the bottom platform and the top platform to recover vegetation, wherein the trees are willow and poplar, the plants are mixed, the row spacing of the plants is 3.0m multiplied by 3.0m, the hole digging and soil preparation are adopted, the hole specification is adopted, and the hole diameter multiplied by the hole depth is 0.8m multiplied by 0.8m; sowing grass seeds in the forest, wherein the grass seeds are selected from the group consisting of elymus dropsy, bluegrass in cold land and old wheat grass, the mixed sowing ratio is 2:1:2, and the sowing amount is 200kg/hm 2 。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The treatment method has comprehensive system and good treatment effect. The comprehensive treatment measures of combining engineering, plants and ecological slope protection are adopted, so that the vegetation on the slope can be quickly recovered on the basis of comprehensively protecting the slope from the slag, and the damage to the surrounding ecological environment is greatly slowed down; after treatment, the requirements of lasting stability and quick ecological restoration of the slope hanging slag can be met.
(2) The application range is wide. The treatment measures are simple, can be widely applied to highway lower slope slag hanging treatment and high slope loose accumulation body reinforcement treatment, and has wide application range and strong popularization.
(3) The construction is simple and quick. The concrete, the reinforcing steel bars, the geotechnical bags, the nutrient soil, the grass-filling seeds and the arbor and shrub seedlings adopted by the comprehensive treatment measure can be purchased directly; the construction process is simple, and the construction is simple and convenient.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a view showing the current situation of slag hanging on a slope of a road.
FIG. 2 is a schematic plan layout view of a comprehensive treatment system for hanging slag on a side slope under a road in a plateau area.
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a comprehensive treatment system for hanging slag on a road lower slope in a plateau region.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the slag blocking device of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the lattice slope of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of section A-A of fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of section B-B of fig. 5.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of section C-C of fig. 5.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of section D-D of fig. 5.
Fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a nutrient bag and soil-engaging spray seeding layer of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic plan view of the nutrient bag and soil-engaging spray seeding layer of the present invention.
The reference numerals in the figure respectively represent a 1-slag pile, a 2-slag blocking facility, a 3-bottom platform, a 4-lattice slope protection, a 5-slope layer, a 6-top surface platform, a 7-soil-covering spray seeding layer, an 8-nutrition bag, a 9-drainage ditch and a 10-road.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 11, the system for comprehensively treating slag on a slope under a plateau area road according to the embodiment of the invention comprises a slag pile 1, a slag blocking facility 2, a bottom platform 3, a lattice slope protection 4, a slope repairing surface layer 5, a top surface platform 6, a soil-covering spray layer 7, a nutrition bag 8, a water intercepting and draining ditch 9 and a road 10.
The slag blocking facility 2 is arranged at the slope toe of the slag pile 1 and plays a role in blocking slag bodies;
a bottom platform 3 is formed between the slope toe of the slag pile 1 and the slag blocking facility 2;
the slope repairing surface layer 5 is paved on the surface of the slag pile 1, and the slope repairing surface layer 5 is provided with multiple stages from top to bottom;
a lattice slope protection 4 used for ensuring the stability of slag bodies is arranged on two stages, close to the bottom platform 3, of the lower end of the slope repair surface layer 5;
the top of the slag pile 1 is provided with a top surface platform 6, and a nutrition bag 8 is arranged on a bare slope between the top surface platform 6 and a road 10;
the soil-dressing spray-seeding layer 7 is sprayed on the exposed slope surface around the nutrition bag 8;
the intercepting and draining ditch 9 is arranged on the periphery of a side slope, a horse road and a slag hanging area under the road 10 and is used for intercepting and guiding water collected on the road 10, the slope of the slag pile 1 and the periphery slope, and reducing water flow flushing of the slag pile area.
The top width of the slag blocking facility 2 is 1.5m, the wall height is 5.0m, the depth of the foundation of the slag blocking facility 2 below the in-situ surface line is 1.5m, the facing slag side slope ratio of the slag blocking facility 2 is 1:0.1, and the back slag side slope ratio is 1:0.4.
And arbor and grass seeds are planted on the bottom platform 3 and the top surface platform 6 for recovering vegetation.
The side slope ratio of the slope repairing surface layer 5 is 1:1.5-1:2.5, and the single-stage side slope height is 10-15 m.
The lattice slope protection 4 comprises a top beam 41, a bottom beam 42, lattice beams 43 and node dowel bars 44, wherein the top beam 41 is built at the top of the two-stage slope at the lowest part of the slope building surface layer 5, the bottom beam 42 is built at the slope toe of the slope building surface layer 5, the lattice beams 43 are poured between the top beam 41 and the bottom beam 42, the lattice beams 43 are arranged in a crossing mode, the node dowel bars 44 are arranged at the crossing position of the lattice beams 43, the node dowel bars 44 are inserted into the slag pile 1, a space surrounded by the crossing arrangement of the lattice beams 43 is filled with a nutrient soil layer 45, the interval of the lattice beams 43 is 3.0m×3.0m, and the cross section area is 0.4m×0.4m. Adopting C25 reinforced concrete for cast-in-situ, and embedding the reinforced concrete into the slag body by 10cm; a water interception tank 46 is arranged at one side of the lattice beam 43, the cross section area of the water interception tank 46 is 0.1m multiplied by 0.58m, C25 reinforced concrete is adopted for cast-in-situ (integrated with the lattice beam 43), and the slag is embedded into the slag body for 10cm; the cross section area of the top beam 41 is 0.3m multiplied by 0.4m, C25 reinforced concrete is adopted for cast-in-situ (integrated with the lattice beam 43), and the top beam is embedded into the slag body for 10cm; the bottom beam 42 is polygonal, has the height of 0.7m and the width of 0.5-0.71 m, and is cast in situ by C25 reinforced concrete (connected with the lattice beam 43 into a whole); the joint dowel 44 is made of HRB400 grade screw steel with a diameter of 25mm and l=4.5m.
The distance between the nutrient bags 8 is 1.0m multiplied by 1.0m, the nutrient bags are arranged in a quincuncial shape, and the spraying thickness of the soil-alienating spraying layer 7 is 10cm.
The construction method of the comprehensive treatment system for the hanging slag of the side slope under the road in the plateau area comprises the following specific steps:
s1, preparing construction, repairing an existing or newly-built construction channel, meeting the requirements of construction machinery and material transportation, achieving the requirements of water passage, power supply, passage, ventilation, communication and leveling site, and creating conditions for engineering construction;
s2, constructing a slag blocking facility 2, firstly lofting according to an axis, and excavating a foundation by adopting an excavator; secondly, constructing a concrete jump bin, adopting a steel template to erect a mould, adopting a pump truck to directly pump the concrete into the bin, and carrying out layered vibrating compaction; finally, adopting maintenance measures such as grass bag coverage, watering and the like until the concrete reaches 28 days of age, and removing the template;
s3, constructing a drainage ditch 9, and firstly lofting according to the axis; the method is characterized in that manual excavation is adopted for peripheral drainage ditches, and manual drilling and blasting construction is adopted for local rock areas; for slope tops and pavement drainage ditches, manual excavation is adopted after slag turning and slope repairing are finished, after the excavation is finished, a steel template is adopted for erecting a mould, concrete is pumped into a bin in a pump truck and pipeline mode, and layered vibration is carried out for compaction; finally, adopting maintenance measures such as grass bag coverage, watering and the like until the concrete reaches 28 days of age, and removing the template;
s4, turning slag of a slope repairing surface layer 5 and repairing the slope, carrying out slag turning construction from top to bottom according to current slope slag hanging distribution, wherein the upper middle part is mainly manually turned and transported, and the middle lower part is mainly mechanically turned; in the process of turning slag, leveling a pile slag slope into a single-stage or multi-stage slope according to the current situation of slag hanging after turning, and constructing the slope from top to bottom to ensure the digging and filling balance as much as possible;
s5, constructing a lattice slope protection 4, and firstly, carrying out lattice Liang Fangyang and artificial grooving; secondly, paving a lattice reinforcement cage in the groove, embedding tie bars in the nodes of the lattice beam, and overlapping and binding the ends of the tie bars and the reinforcement cage; adopting a steel template to erect a mould, pumping concrete into a bin in a pump truck and pipeline mode, and carrying out layered vibrating compaction; finally, adopting maintenance measures such as grass bag coverage, watering and the like until the concrete reaches 28 days of age, and removing the template;
s6, constructing a nutrition bag 8, namely firstly carrying out nutrition bag acupoint lofting and hole digging by a drilling machine, then putting the well-packed nutrition bag into the hole, fixing a short anchor rod and protecting the surface by adopting a lead wire net;
s7, constructing a foreign soil spraying layer 7, firstly fixing a foreign soil spraying machine, and putting the material with the foreign soil aggregate structure into the foreign soil spraying machine for uniform stirring; secondly, paving a layer of wire netting on the slope, and uniformly spraying the uniformly mixed soil-alienating slurry around the nutrition bags by adopting a mode of manually carrying a spray gun; after the spray seeding is finished, covering by adopting non-woven fabrics, and properly adopting atomized water drops to spray and maintain according to climatic conditions;
s8, plant measure construction, namely firstly, lofting arbor and shrub acupoints, and digging holes or fish scale pits; and spreading a layer of farmyard manure with the thickness of 10cm at the bottom of the pit, putting arbor and shrub seedlings into the pit, covering nutrient soil, and manually tamping the surface. According to the climate conditions, proper nursery stock tending measures such as sun protection, irrigation and the like are adopted.
The nutrition bag 8 in the step S6 adopts an anti-aging geotechnical bag with the specification of 60cm multiplied by 40cm multiplied by 25cm, and is internally filled with nutrition soil, grass-filling seeds and nutritional agent, wherein each bag of nutrition soil is 0.05m 3 0.6g of shrub seeds, 2.4g of grass seeds, 0.5g of water-retaining agent and 0.005m of organic fertilizer 3 27g of chemical fertilizer, burying nutrition bags 8 by digging holes, wherein the hole spacing is 1.0m multiplied by 1.0m, the nutrition bags are arranged in a plum blossom shape, the hole length is 0.6m, the hole short diameter is 0.4m, and the hole depth is 0.1m, each nutrition bag 8 is fixed by 2 short anchor rods, and the surface of each nutrition bag is protected by a lead wire net.
The soil-dressing spraying layer 7 in the step S7 is sprayedThickness of 10cm, at each m 2 In the spray seeding area, the common silicate cement is 6kg, the sand is 2kg, and the planting soil is 0.006m 3 Organic matter 0.002m 3 200g of wood fiber, 3g of shrub seeds and 9g of grass seeds, and paving a layer of wire netting on the slope surface before spraying and sowing in foreign soil; after the spraying is finished, measures such as non-woven fabric covering, atomized water drop spraying and the like are needed according to weather conditions.
In the step S8, the vegetation is restored by combining the grass irrigation on the slope layer 5 and in the lattice slope protection 4, wherein the shrubs are selected from the golden prune and the caragana with the mixing proportion of 1:1 and the plant row spacing of 1.0m multiplied by 1.0m, the fish scale pit is adopted for soil preparation, the pit specification is adopted, and the length diameter multiplied by the short diameter multiplied by the pit depth is 0.6m multiplied by 0.4m multiplied by 0.5m; sowing grass seeds in the forest, wherein the grass seeds are selected from the group consisting of elymus dropsy, bluegrass in cold land and old wheat grass, the mixed sowing ratio is 2:1:2, and the sowing amount is 200kg/hm 2 Planting arbor and sowing grass seeds on the bottom platform 3 and the top platform 6 to recover vegetation, wherein the arbor selects willow and poplar, the plants are mixed and crossed, the plant row spacing is 3.0m multiplied by 3.0m, the hole digging and soil preparation are adopted, the hole specification is adopted, and the hole diameter multiplied by the hole depth is 0.8m multiplied by 0.8m; sowing grass seeds in the forest, wherein the grass seeds are selected from the group consisting of elymus dropsy, bluegrass in cold land and old wheat grass, the mixed sowing ratio is 2:1:2, and the sowing amount is 200kg/hm 2 。
Although an example of the present invention has been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A comprehensive treatment system for hanging slag on a side slope under a road in a plateau area is characterized by comprising a slag pile (1), a slag blocking facility (2), a bottom platform (3), a lattice slope protection (4), a slope repairing surface layer (5), a top surface platform (6), a soil-covering spray seeding layer (7), a nutrition bag (8), a water intercepting and draining ditch (9) and a road (10),
the slag blocking facility (2) is arranged at the slope toe of the slag pile (1) and plays a role in blocking slag bodies;
a bottom platform (3) is formed between the slope toe of the slag pile (1) and the slag blocking facility (2);
the slope repairing surface layer (5) is paved on the surface of the slag pile (1), and the slope repairing surface layer (5) is provided with multiple stages from top to bottom;
a lattice slope protection (4) for ensuring the stability of slag bodies is arranged on two stages, close to the bottom platform (3), of the lower end of the slope repair surface layer (5);
the top of the slag pile (1) is provided with a top surface platform (6), and a nutrition bag (8) is arranged on a bare slope between the top surface platform (6) and a road (10);
the soil-dressing spray-seeding layer (7) is sprayed on the exposed slope surface around the nutrition bag (8);
the intercepting and draining ditch (9) is arranged on the periphery of a side slope, a horse road and a slag hanging area under the road (10) and is used for intercepting and guiding water collected on the road (10), the slope of the slag pile (1) and the periphery slope, so that water flow scouring of the slag pile area is reduced;
the slope ratio of the slope repairing surface layer (5) is 1:1.5-1:2.5, and the single-stage slope height is 10-15 m;
the utility model provides a lattice bank protection (4) includes back timber (41), underbeam (42), lattice beam (43) and node dowel (44), the top of two-stage side slope of back timber (41) construction at the slope layer (5) bottommost is constructed, and the toe of slope layer (5) is constructed at to underbeam (42), pours lattice beam (43) between back timber (41) and underbeam (42), and lattice beam (43) cross arrangement, node dowel (44) set up the intersection position at lattice beam (43), in the slag pile (1) is inserted to node dowel (44), space intussuseption that lattice beam (43) cross arrangement encloses is filled with nutrient soil layer (45), the interval row spacing of lattice beam (43) is 3.0m×3.0m, and cross-section area is 0.4m×0.4m.
2. The comprehensive treatment system for the hanging slag on the lower side slope of the road in the plateau area according to claim 1, wherein the top width of the slag blocking facility (2) is 1.5m, the wall height is 5.0m, the depth of the foundation of the slag blocking facility (2) below the in-situ surface line is 1.5m, the facing slag side slope ratio of the slag blocking facility (2) is 1:0.1, and the back slag side slope ratio is 1:0.4.
3. The comprehensive control system for the hanging slag on the lower side slope of the road in the plateau area according to claim 1, wherein the bottom platform (3) and the top surface platform (6) are used for planting arbor and sowing grass seeds for recovering vegetation.
4. The comprehensive treatment system for the hanging slag of the lower side slope of the road in the plateau area according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the nutrition bags (8) is 1.0m multiplied by 1.0m, the nutrition bags are arranged in a quincuncial shape, and the spraying thickness of the soil-covering spraying layer (7) is 10cm.
5. A construction method of a comprehensive treatment system for hanging slag on a lower slope of a road in a plateau area according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which comprises the following specific steps:
s1, preparing construction, repairing an existing or newly-built construction channel, meeting the requirements of construction machinery and material transportation, achieving the requirements of water passage, power supply, passage, ventilation, communication and leveling site, and creating conditions for engineering construction;
s2, constructing a slag blocking facility (2), firstly lofting according to an axis, and excavating a foundation by adopting an excavator; secondly, constructing a concrete jump bin, adopting a steel template to erect a mould, adopting a pump truck to directly pump the concrete into the bin, and carrying out layered vibrating compaction; finally, adopting the maintenance measures of grass bag covering and watering until the concrete reaches 28 days of age, and removing the template;
s3, constructing a drainage ditch (9), and firstly lofting according to the axis; the method is characterized in that manual excavation is adopted for peripheral drainage ditches, and manual drilling and blasting construction is adopted for local rock areas; for slope tops and pavement drainage ditches, manual excavation is adopted after slag turning and slope repairing are finished, after the excavation is finished, a steel template is adopted for erecting a mould, concrete is pumped into a bin in a pump truck and pipeline mode, and layered vibration is carried out for compaction; finally, adopting the maintenance measures of grass bag covering and watering until the concrete reaches 28 days of age, and removing the template;
s4, turning slag of a slope repairing surface layer (5) and repairing the slope, carrying out slag turning construction from top to bottom according to current slope slag hanging distribution, wherein the upper middle part is mainly manually turned and transported, and the middle lower part is mainly mechanically turned; in the process of turning slag, leveling a pile slag slope into a single-stage or multi-stage slope according to the current situation of slag hanging after turning, and constructing the slope from top to bottom to ensure the digging and filling balance as much as possible;
s5, constructing a lattice slope protection (4), and firstly, carrying out lattice Liang Fangyang and artificial grooving; secondly, paving a lattice reinforcement cage in the groove, embedding tie bars in the nodes of the lattice beam, and overlapping and binding the ends of the tie bars and the reinforcement cage; adopting a steel template to erect a mould, pumping concrete into a bin in a pump truck and pipeline mode, and carrying out layered vibrating compaction; finally, adopting the maintenance measures of grass bag covering and watering until the concrete reaches 28 days of age, and removing the template;
s6, constructing a nutrition bag (8), namely firstly carrying out nutrition bag acupoint lofting and hole digging by a drilling machine, then putting the well-packed nutrition bag into the hole, fixing a short anchor rod and protecting the surface by adopting a lead wire net;
s7, constructing a foreign soil spraying layer (7), firstly fixing a foreign soil spraying machine, and putting the material of the foreign soil aggregate structure into the foreign soil spraying machine to be uniformly stirred; secondly, paving a layer of wire netting on the slope, and uniformly spraying the uniformly mixed soil-alienating slurry around the nutrition bags by adopting a mode of manually carrying a spray gun; after the spray seeding is finished, covering by adopting non-woven fabrics, and properly adopting atomized water drops to spray and maintain according to climatic conditions;
s8, plant measure construction, namely firstly, lofting arbor and shrub acupoints, and digging holes or fish scale pits; secondly, paving a layer of farmyard manure with the thickness of 10cm at the bottom of the pit, putting arbor and shrub seedlings into the pit, covering nutritive soil, manually tamping the surface, and adopting proper sun-proof and irrigation seedling tending measures according to climatic conditions.
6. The method for constructing a comprehensive treatment system for road side slope and hanging slag in a plateau region according to claim 5, wherein the nutrient bag (8) in the step S6 is an anti-aging geotechnical bag with the specification of 60cm×40cm×25cm, and is filled with nutrient soil, grass-filling seeds and nutrient, wherein each bag of nutrient soil is 0.05m 3 Shrub seeds0.6g, 2.4g of grass seeds, 0.5g of water-retaining agent and 0.005m of organic fertilizer 3 27g of chemical fertilizer, burying nutrition bags (8) by digging holes, wherein the hole spacing is 1.0m multiplied by 1.0m, the nutrition bags are arranged in a plum blossom shape, the hole length is 0.6m, the hole short diameter is 0.4m, and the hole depth is 0.1m, each nutrition bag (8) is fixed by 2 short anchor rods, and the surface of each nutrition bag is protected by a lead wire net.
7. The method for constructing a comprehensive treatment system for road side slope and slag in a plateau region according to claim 6, wherein the spraying thickness of the soil-covering spraying layer (7) in the step S7 is 10cm, per m 2 In the spray seeding area, the common silicate cement is 6kg, the sand is 2kg, and the planting soil is 0.006m 3 Organic matter 0.002m 3 200g of wood fiber, 3g of shrub seeds and 9g of grass seeds, and paving a layer of wire netting on the slope surface before spraying and sowing in foreign soil; after the spraying is finished, adopting non-woven fabric covering and atomized water drop spraying measures according to weather conditions.
8. The construction method of the comprehensive treatment system for the road lower side slope and the slag in the plateau area according to claim 6, wherein in the step S8, the vegetation is recovered by adopting the combination of grass irrigation on the slope layer (5) and in the lattice slope protection (4), wherein the shrubs are selected from the group consisting of the golden prune and the caragana with the mixing ratio of 1:1, the plant row spacing of 1.0m multiplied by 1.0m, the scale pit soil preparation is adopted, the pit specification is adopted, and the length diameter multiplied by the short diameter multiplied by the pit depth is 0.6m multiplied by 0.4m multiplied by 0.5m; sowing grass seeds in the forest, wherein the grass seeds are selected from the group consisting of grass with the vertical ears, bluegrass and old wheat, the mixed sowing proportion is 2:1:2, the sowing amount is 200kg/hm < 2 >, arbor planting and grass seed sowing are adopted to recover vegetation on the bottom platform (3) and the top platform (6), the arbor is selected from the group consisting of willow and poplar, the plant-plant mixed crossing is carried out, the plant row spacing is 3.0m multiplied by 3.0m, the hole digging soil preparation is adopted, the hole specification is adopted, and the hole diameter multiplied by the hole depth is 0.8m multiplied by 0.8m; sowing grass seeds in the forest, wherein the grass seeds are selected from the group consisting of elymus dropsy, bluegrass in cold land and old wheat grass, the mixed sowing ratio is 2:1:2, and the sowing amount is 200kg/hm 2 。
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| CN114703871A (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-07-05 | 华东建筑设计研究院有限公司上海地下空间与工程设计研究院 | Rigid and flexible combined supporting structure of expansive soil excavation side slope and construction method |
| CN114467609A (en) * | 2022-02-14 | 2022-05-13 | 中国水电顾问集团桂阳新能源有限公司 | Ecological restoration structure system and restoration method for high and steep rubble soil slope |
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