CN212896409U - Three-dimensional geotechnique's net pad grass planting slope protection structure - Google Patents
Three-dimensional geotechnique's net pad grass planting slope protection structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN212896409U CN212896409U CN202021608198.9U CN202021608198U CN212896409U CN 212896409 U CN212896409 U CN 212896409U CN 202021608198 U CN202021608198 U CN 202021608198U CN 212896409 U CN212896409 U CN 212896409U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a three-dimensional geotechnological net pad grass planting slope protection structure utilizes active plant and combines engineering material such as geosynthetic material, constructs a protection system who has self growth ability domatic, carries out a reinforced (rfd) new technology to the bank protection through the growth of plant. According to the characteristics of the landform, the soil quality and the regional climate of the slope protection, a layer of geosynthetic material is covered on the surface of the slope protection, and various plants are planted according to a certain combination and spacing. The purpose of root system reinforcement and stem leaf erosion prevention is achieved through the growth activity of plants, dense vegetation cover can be formed on a slope surface through the ecological slope protection technical treatment, root systems with root joints are formed on a surface soil layer, the erosion of storm runoff on the slope protection is effectively inhibited, the shear strength of a soil body is increased, the pore water pressure and the soil body self-gravity are reduced, and therefore the stability and the erosion resistance of the slope protection are greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a vegetation protection technology field, concretely relates to three-dimensional geotechnique's net pad grass planting slope protection structure.
Background
With the development of economy, environmental problems are realistic and severe, and the traditional concept of slope protection and environment-friendly ecology construction is not in line with. With the enhancement of environmental awareness and the improvement of aesthetic requirements, vegetation protection has become a main type of protection engineering. Traditional bank protection is protected and is directly sown grass seeds on the bank protection, and grass seeds survival rate is low, before the turf does not grow, can not protect the land surface and avoid the erosion of wind and rain.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Not enough to above-mentioned prior art, the utility model provides a three-dimensional geotechnological net pad grass planting slope protection structure not only effectively reduces wind, rain, gravity to the erosion of bank protection, makes domaticly receive the protection, and the environmental protection is ecological moreover.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following technical scheme:
a three-dimensional geotechnical net pad grass planting slope protection structure comprises a plurality of three-dimensional geotechnical net pads which are paved and fixed on a slope protection, backfill soil is arranged in and above meshes of the three-dimensional geotechnical net pads, a grass seed layer is arranged above the backfill soil, and non-woven fabrics cover the grass seed layer; the top of slope and the toe punishment of bank protection are equipped with the slot respectively, and three-dimensional geotechnological net pad extends to the ditch inslot and fixes.
Further, the lap joint length of the upper and lower three-dimensional geonet pads is 10cm, an anchor is additionally arranged at the lap joint center every 50cm, and the upper three-dimensional geonet pad is arranged above the lower three-dimensional geonet pad.
Furthermore, the width and the depth of the groove at the top and the foot of the slope protection are 20cm and 30cm, and the distance between the groove and the slope protection is 20cm and 50cm respectively.
Furthermore, the three-dimensional geonet pad and the slope protection at the top of the slope and the lap joint are connected with main anchors, and the other three-dimensional geonet pads and the slope protection are connected with auxiliary anchors.
Furthermore, the vertical junction of the three-dimensional geonet pad at the top end of the revetment has an included angle of 60 degrees and is buried in the soil by 30 cm.
Further, the lap joint length of the left and right three-dimensional geonet pads is 2 cm.
The utility model has the advantages that: 1. the slope protection has good protection performance, loose and flexible texture, 90% of space is reserved for filling soil, gravel and fine stones, plant roots can penetrate through the space, comfortable, tidy and balanced growth is achieved, the grown turf enables the surfaces of the net mat, the turf and soil to be firmly combined together, and the plant roots can penetrate 30-40cm below the earth surface to form a firm green composite protection layer and play an important role in stabilizing the slope surface.
2. The ground surface is protected from weather until the turf has not grown. The composite protective layer formed after the plant grows up can withstand the washing of high water level and large flow rate.
3. The construction is simple and convenient, the construction can be carried out after the ground surface is leveled, the operation is convenient, and the construction speed is high.
4. The three-dimensional geonet pad can greatly reduce the construction cost, can replace slope surface protection materials such as concrete, grouted rubble, riprap and the like, and saves a large amount of resources.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a three-dimensional geotechnical mesh pad slope arrangement diagram;
reference numbers in the figures: 1. slope protection; 2. a three-dimensional geonet pad; 3. a grass seed layer; 4. backfilling; 5. a primary anchor; 6. auxiliary anchoring bolts; 7. slope protection platform; 8. side ditches; 9. the longitudinal lap joint of the three-dimensional geotechnical net pad; 10. and the three-dimensional geonet pad is transversely overlapped.
Detailed Description
In order to describe the present invention more specifically, the present invention is described in detail below by way of examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
1. Application scope
According to the pair of revetmentsThe slope ratio, the rock quality, the height, the PH value and other factors are determined, the utility model is suitable for a slope protection slope rate should not be steeper than l: 1, the height of each grade of slope is lower than 5m soil cutting slope protection or the road section of 8m soft rock cutting slope protection and the first grade slope protection of multistage embankment, the soil hardness of filling slope protection is generally 5kg/cm2The hardness of the soil for the excavation slope protection is 5 to 200kg/cm2In the meantime. The pH value of the soil is generally between 5.9 and 6.7.
2. Principle of the process
The utility model discloses an utilize active plant and combine engineering material such as geosynthetic material, construct a protection system that has self growth ability domatic, carry out a reinforced (rfd) new technology to the bank protection through the growth of plant. According to the characteristics of the landform, the soil quality and the regional climate of the slope protection, a layer of geosynthetic material is covered on the surface of the slope protection, and various plants are planted according to a certain combination and spacing. The purpose of root system reinforcement and stem leaf erosion prevention is achieved through the growth activity of plants, dense vegetation cover can be formed on a slope surface through the ecological slope protection technical treatment, root systems with root joints are formed on a surface soil layer, the erosion of storm runoff on the slope protection is effectively inhibited, the shear strength of a soil body is increased, the pore water pressure and the soil body self-gravity are reduced, and therefore the stability and the erosion resistance of the slope protection are greatly improved.
3. Process flow
3.1 slope surface finishing and base fertilizer application
And cleaning and leveling the slope surface, and removing impurities such as pumice, tree roots and the like with the diameter of more than 2cm, so as to be beneficial to the combination of the base material and the rock slope surface. If the soil on the slope surface is too dense, soil loosening measures should be taken within the range of 5-7.5 cm of the slope surface to serve as a seeding layer; if the rock area of the slope surface is large, fine surface soil with the thickness of 5-7.5 cm is paved on the slope surface and lightly compacted to provide a basic growing environment for grass; for the development of rock joints, the trends are different, corners of the slope and edges of the top of the slope are trimmed to form an arc shape, the operation surface is leveled as much as possible, so that the effective combination of the geonet and the slope is facilitated, and meanwhile, the greening effect of the operation surface is increased; if the rock area of the slope surface is large, a layer of fine surface soil should be paved on the slope surface and lightly compacted to provide a basic growing environment for plants such as grass, shrubs and the like.
When the soil is barren in nutrients and has improper pH value, base fertilizer and soil conditioner are needed to be applied before seeding. The base fertilizer mainly comprises a nitrogenous fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer and a potash fertilizer in a ratio of 15: 8: 7, the fertilizing amount is determined according to the fertility condition of soil, and generally 100g/m2Left and right application.
3.2 nailing three-dimensional geonet pad
On the slope surface which is slower than 30 degrees, the adoption of EM2 and EM3 is reasonable; when the gradient is 30-45 degrees, EM4 is adopted; with a steeper slope than 45 deg., a higher than EM4 is used. The net is placed on the top of the slope, and then the net pad is pulled out along the slope from top to bottom to the bottom of the slope. The upper coiled material and the lower coiled material are lapped, the lapping length of the upper material pressed on the upper material is 10cm, and an anchor is added about every 50cm at the lapping center. When the net pad is laid, the net pad is kept smooth and is not tensioned, the net pad is prevented from being separated from the slope surface, the net is enabled to be tightly attached to the slope surface without suspended folding, and therefore the net pad is not beneficial to the stability of the net pad and the growth of vegetation. And respectively excavating grooves with the width of 20cm and the depth of 30cm at the top and the bottom of the slope, laying the geonet in the grooves, fixing the geonet by using an anchor nail, and arranging an included angle of 60 degrees at the longitudinal joint of the top ends of the net pads. Because the water content of the upper end of the slope surface is much lower than that of the lower layer in the engineering, the grass seeds are not easy to germinate, and a water storage ditch is arranged at the slope top which is 20cm away from the net pad to be beneficial to irrigation. The slope bottom should be a horizontal plane of more than 50 cm.
And filling the slope protection, fixing by using U-shaped nails made of phi 6mm steel bars and 8# iron wires, and fixing by using main anchor nails at the top and lap joints of the slope. The rest parts of the slope surface are fixed by auxiliary anchors. The distance between anchor bolts at the top of the slope is 70cm, and the distance between anchor bolts at the top of the slope is 100 cm. Anchor specification: the main anchor is (phi 6mm steel bar) U-shaped steel nail with the length of 20-30 cm and the width of 10cm, the auxiliary anchor is (8# iron wire) U-shaped steel nail with the length of 15-20 cm and the width of 5cm, and when the auxiliary anchor is fixed, the nail and the net are tightly attached to the slope.
And (3) digging a square slope, wherein the main shaft nail is a U-shaped steel nail made of a reinforcing steel bar with the diameter of 8mm, the auxiliary anchor nail is a U-shaped steel nail with the diameter of 6mm, the top and the lap joint of the slope are fixed by the main anchor nail, and the rest part of the slope surface is fixed by the auxiliary anchor nail. The distance between anchor bolts at the top of the slope is 50cm, and the distance between anchor bolts at the slope is 100 cm. Anchor specification: the main anchor is a (phi 8mm steel bar) U-shaped steel nail with the length of 20-30 mm and the width of 10 cm; the auxiliary anchor is a (phi 6mm steel bar) U-shaped steel nail with the length of 15-20 mm and the width of 5 cm. When the net is fixed, the net is tensioned, and the nails are tightly attached to the slope surface.
3.3 backfill Shi
For filling slope protection, after the three-dimensional geotechnical net pad is fixed, backfilling is carried out by adopting a dry soil construction method, cohesive soil, compound fertilizer or retted fertilizer are fully and uniformly stirred and are manually thrown on the slope surface of the slope protection for 2-3 times, the throwing is controlled to be 3-5 cm for the first time, 1-2 cm for the second time, and the backfilling is carried out until a covering net bag (after natural sedimentation) is covered. After each time of throwing, mechanically sprinkling water on the surface of the thrown soil layer, wherein during mechanical sprinkling, water columns are scattered, and the sprinkling amount cannot be too much, so that the loss of the new backfilled soil is avoided, the aim is to enable the backfilled dry soil layer to be naturally settled, and proper tamping is carried out, so that the local new backfilled soil layer is prevented from being separated from the three-dimensional net. The slope surface after filling is required to be smooth without exposing the net bag. The selected cohesive soil is in a powdery shape, no stones and other impurities exist, the fertilizer can adopt an imported compound fertilizer (N: P: K is 15:15:15) or a composting base fertilizer, and the fertilizer consumption is as follows: 20g/m2. The dry soil construction method has the advantages of simple construction operation, no pollution to the road surface and the like.
For the excavation bank protection, after the net is fixed, the organic soil consisting of the cohesive soil, the stack retting rice bran or humus soil, the compound fertilizer, the adhesive and the cement is fully mixed and fully stirred by a stirrer, and the weight ratio of the organic soil components is the cohesive soil: stacking and retting rice bran or humus soil: compound fertilizer: cement 10:1.5:0.003:0.3, and the dosage of the adhesive is 1-2 g/m2. After the preparation work is finished, the uniformly mixed organic soil is sprayed on the fixed three-dimensional net slope surface by using a spraying machine, and during spraying, the water consumption is manually controlled by a switch on a spray gun, so that the water consumption is not high, not low and moderate, and the phenomena of overflow and scattering are avoided. The spraying should be carried out from the front as far as possible, the concave-convex part and the dead angle part should be fully sprayed, the formed new soil layer is ensured to completely cover the three-dimensional geotechnical net pad, and the phenomenon that the net bag is exposed cannot occur.
3.4 spray-seeding grass seeds
The principle and the operation method of the hydraulic spray seeding greening technology are that mechanical power is applied, hydraulic transmission is carried out, a seed adhesive agent for promoting the growth of small seedlings with seeds to germinate, paper fiber, a compound fertilizer, a humectant, grass seeds and a certain amount of clear water are dissolved in a spray seeding machine and are fully stirred mechanically to form uniform mixed liquid, the mixed liquid is uniformly sprayed onto a treated slope surface at a high speed under the action of a high-pressure pump, and the mixed liquid is attached to the ground surface to form an organic whole with soil seeds. When the temperature is lower than 12 ℃, spray seeding construction is not suitable.
Grass seed proportioning is carried out according to the factors of natural conditions, soil types, climatic conditions, construction seasons and the like of the revetment, so that the revetment can grow well on the slope surface of the revetment and form a 'natural and beautiful' landscape. The specific species and amount used will depend on the site.
3.5 covering non-woven fabrics
The single-layer or multi-layer non-woven fabrics are covered on the spray-seeding surface layer according to the climatic conditions and the slope of the revetment during construction, so that the erosion of seeds caused by strong precipitation is reduced, and meanwhile, the evaporation of water on the surface of the revetment is also reduced, thereby further improving the germination and growth environments of the seeds.
3.6 maintenance management
Watering is carried out in the seedling stage to ensure the moisture required by the germination and growth of the seeds. The spray irrigation water is maintained for 60 days in the early period, the spray irrigation water is maintained by natural rainwater in the middle period, if drought occurs, the spray water is sprayed for 2-3 times per month, and the spray water is sprayed for 2 times per month in the later period; uncovering the non-woven fabric in due time to ensure the grass seedling to grow normally; and (4) applying fertilizer properly, wherein a compound fertilizer is generally used for providing required nutrients for plant growth. Performing primary topdressing when the height of the seedlings is 8-10 cm, and performing foliar topdressing according to actual conditions; and the pesticide is sprayed in a targeted manner at regular time, weeds are removed regularly, and the healthy growth of plants is ensured.
4. Application example one: water pipe engineering (Ningwu railway-ginkgo lake large road) of Bingjiang river water works (near term) in Jiangning district
4.1 overview of the engineering
The three-dimensional geotechnical net cushion grass planting revetment construction in the engineering design range has three positions which are respectively at the position of pile number k04+180-k04+440, the position of k05+840-k06+010 and the position of k06+050-k06+ 105. The slope rate of grass planting slope protection is equal to l: 1.5. wherein, the k04+180-k04+440 position is a digging slope protection, and a high earthwork 3021m is dug2The net pad is 260m in grass planting length and 9-26 m in width; k05+840-k06+010 part is a square digging slope protection, and the high earthwork is dug off 2096m2The net pad is 170m in grass planting length and 3-29 m in width; k06+050-k06+105 part is used as fill slope protection and fill earthwork 521m2The net pad has a grass planting length of 100m and a width of 3.5-24 m.
4.2, construction conditions
The grass planting slope protection project is constructed from the middle ten days of 4 months in 2020 to the end of 5 months in 2020. Because the construction method for the three-dimensional geotechnical net cushion grass planting slope protection is mature in technology and simple to operate, all indexes finally reach the design requirements through strict quality control in construction.
4.3 engineering evaluation
The construction method for the three-dimensional geotechnical net pad grass planting slope protection saves the construction period, is safe and quick in construction, saves the cost, saves energy, protects the environment and obtains obvious comprehensive benefits. The construction method has positive influence on the coordinated development of human and nature, economy and society, and is worthy of being popularized in slope protection engineering in the future.
The above-mentioned embodiments further describe the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in detail, it should be understood that the above description is only the embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A three-dimensional geotechnical net pad grass planting slope protection structure is characterized by comprising a plurality of three-dimensional geotechnical net pads (2) which are paved and fixed on a slope protection (1), backfill soil (4) is arranged in and above meshes of the three-dimensional geotechnical net pads (2), a grass seed layer (3) is arranged above the backfill soil (4), and non-woven fabrics cover the grass seed layer (3); the top and the foot of the slope protection (1) are respectively provided with a groove, and the three-dimensional geotechnical net pad (2) extends into the groove and is fixed.
2. The three-dimensional geonet mat grass planting slope protection structure according to claim 1, wherein the overlapping length of the upper and lower three-dimensional geonet mats (2) is 10cm, an anchor is provided every 50cm at the overlapping center, and the upper three-dimensional geonet mat (2) is above the lower three-dimensional geonet mat (2).
3. The three-dimensional geotechnical net cushion grass planting slope protection structure according to claim 1, wherein the groove width at the top and bottom of the slope protection (1) is 20cm, the groove depth is 30cm, and the groove width is 20cm and 50cm from the slope protection (1).
4. The three-dimensional geonet mat grass planting slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the three-dimensional geonet mat (2) at the top of the slope and the lap joint is connected with the slope protection (1) through main anchor bolts (5), and the rest three-dimensional geonet mats (2) are connected with auxiliary anchor bolts (6) through the slope protection (1).
5. The three-dimensional geonet mat grass planting slope protection structure according to claim 1, wherein the vertical connection of the three-dimensional geonet mat (2) at the top end of the slope protection (1) has an included angle of 60 degrees, and the three-dimensional geonet mat (2) is buried in the soil by 30 cm.
6. The three-dimensional geonet mat grass planting slope protection structure according to claim 1, wherein the overlapping length of the left and right three-dimensional geonet mats (2) is 2 cm.
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| CN202021608198.9U CN212896409U (en) | 2020-08-05 | 2020-08-05 | Three-dimensional geotechnique's net pad grass planting slope protection structure |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114215076A (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2022-03-22 | 广东省水利水电第三工程局有限公司 | Construction method of three-dimensional soil engineering grass planting revetment |
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- 2020-08-05 CN CN202021608198.9U patent/CN212896409U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114215076A (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2022-03-22 | 广东省水利水电第三工程局有限公司 | Construction method of three-dimensional soil engineering grass planting revetment |
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Granted publication date: 20210406 |