CN109644712A - Cortex Eucommiae breeding and seedling nursing with equipment, grafting and mechanical transplanting integrated planting method - Google Patents
Cortex Eucommiae breeding and seedling nursing with equipment, grafting and mechanical transplanting integrated planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109644712A CN109644712A CN201811593013.9A CN201811593013A CN109644712A CN 109644712 A CN109644712 A CN 109644712A CN 201811593013 A CN201811593013 A CN 201811593013A CN 109644712 A CN109644712 A CN 109644712A
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- 230000001488 breeding Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000000474 nursing Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000036536 Cave Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003020 moisturizing Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000283898 Ovis Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000034303 cell budding Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000000481 Breast Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019994 cava Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002054 transplantation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000422 nocturnal Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- NPDODHDPVPPRDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N permanganate Chemical compound [O-][Mn](=O)(=O)=O NPDODHDPVPPRDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007226 seed germination Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000003608 Feces Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000282898 Sus scrofa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000208688 Eucommia Species 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 206010053615 Thermal burn Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000004083 survival Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000003917 Bambusa tulda Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000208689 Eucommia ulmoides Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000208686 Eucommiaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000899 Gutta-Percha Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000588 Gutta-percha Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 240000000342 Palaquium gutta Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000003491 Skin Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large scale production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0281—Protective ground coverings for individual plants, e.g. for plants in pots
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention discloses Cortex Eucommiae breeding and seedling nursing with equipment, grafting and mechanical transplanting integrated planting methods.It includes eucommia bark seed harvesting and storage, presprouting of seeds processing, it is educated seedling (stock) under facility condition using degradable tailored version nursery cylinder, the selection and acquisition of cuttings, is grafted under facility condition, grafting tending management and the transplanting that is out of the garden, cultivation rear protecting and etc..The quality that the method for the invention greatly increases Cortex Eucommiae grafting efficiency, grafts nursery stock; improve plantation efficiency; it reduces costs; the anniversary grafted and transplanted under Cortex Eucommiae facility condition can be achieved, become the effective way of the large-scale development Cortex Eucommiae planting industry (especially in Desert Area).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Cortex Eucommiae breeding and seedling nursing with equipment, grafting and mechanical transplanting integrated planting method, belong to forestry, planting industry and
Desertification bionomic control field.
Background technique
Cortex Eucommiae (Eucommia ulmoides Olv.) belongs to Eucommiaceae (Eucomiaceae) Cortex Eucommiae category, single to belong to single, for many years
Raw deciduous tree usually has 40~60 years life cycles, and rare plant has been used as to be put into " Chinese Plants Red Data Book-dilute
Have endangered plants " (first volume) national second class protection tree species, it is the distinctive rare economic tree in China, collects economic forest and Timber stands
Advantage, be alternatively arranged as northwest China Desert Area check winds and fix drifting sand, water and soil conservation and realize ecological safety desirable plants,
It has been included into official reserves woods tree species catalogue.In addition, the skin of Cortex Eucommiae, leaf and seed all have very high economic value.Around Cortex Eucommiae,
China has gradually formed the related industries such as Cortex Eucommiae timber, Eucommia Oil, gutta-percha, Cortex Eucommiae medicine, Eucommia Tea, eucommia feed.The whole nation 27
A only about 5,000,000 mu of province (area, city) eucommia resource preservation area, the eucommia resource area for meeting modern Cortex Eucommiae industry development is only
100000 mu or so.For this purpose, clearly being mentioned in " national Cortex Eucommiae industrial development planning " (2016-2030) of in December, 2016 publication
Plan out to the year two thousand thirty to build up 50,000,000 mu of Cortex Eucommiae breeding Efficient Cultivation industrial bases.However at present: (1) cultivating eucommia is usually adopted
With sowing in the field seedling raising manners, though in a short time can a large amount of Cortex Eucommiae seedlings of large-scale production, however there is extensive management and nursery
The limitation of site condition causes the problems such as germination is uneven, and root growth is bad.(2) Cortex Eucommiae is transferred in big field
It connects, success rate is easily affected by environment, and large labor intensity, operates also relatively difficult.(3) Cortex Eucommiae transplanting is usually all using artificial
Large labor intensity, low efficiency are transplanted in transplanting.Therefore, carry out Cortex Eucommiae nursery under facility condition, grafting and mechanization transplanting integration
Technical research is imperative, and it is necessary to, it otherwise can interfere extensive development Cortex Eucommiae planting industry.
Summary of the invention
To solve Cortex Eucommiae nursery, grafting vulnerable to management, environment and site influence, large labor intensity, transplanting efficiency are low, artificial
The problems such as at high cost, provides Cortex Eucommiae breeding and seedling nursing with equipment, grafting and mechanical transplanting integrated planting method.
Cortex Eucommiae breeding and seedling nursing with equipment, grafting and mechanical transplanting integrated planting method, comprising the following steps:
(1) stock prepares: it is selected from any one following method:
Method one: being transplanted to nursery in tailored version nursery cylinder for Cortex Eucommiae seedling, after transplanted seedling turns green, grows normal,
It can be used as stock to start to graft；
Method two: the following steps are included:
1. seed collection and storage；
2. lukewarm water method vernalization is handled: the seed chosen in advance is put into 0.3%~0.5% liquor potassic permanganate or 0.5%
6~9min is impregnated in~1.0% copper-bath, is rinsed well after pulling out with clear water；And then with 40~45 DEG C of warm water chamber
For 24 hours, it is real to remove floating kind for interior seed soaking, pulls out and drains moisture and can sow；Or with 28~30 DEG C water seed soaking 3 days, change daily 1 time
Water removes floating seed when changing water for the second time, pull out and drain moisture and can sow；
3. the cultivation of stock: 1. sowing: after tailored version nursery cylinder is filled up seedling medium, being fitly arranged in facility
Square matrix after sprinkling profoundly water, sows 2~4,2~3cm of seed level at every nutrient matrix face center position, earthing；Or according to reality
Situation interval sowing has standardization the guarantee anniversary, the Cortex Eucommiae seedling of high quality can be used as stock utilization；2. seedling fosters pipe
Reason: the Seed germination and emergence phase, temperature should be controlled and can be emerged after 18~26 DEG C, 7 days in facility；After emergence, room temperature in facility
30 DEG C are not exceeded, nocturnal temperature is at 15~18 DEG C, in due course moisturizing；Seedling starts thinning when growing 2~4 leaves, in every
One plant of strong sprout is stayed, while paying attention to top dressing, prevention and treatment pest and disease damage；When seedling seedling current-year branch reaches semi-lignified or more, ground
When rugosity reaches 0.6cm or more at 5cm, it can be used as stock and start to graft；
Wherein, the tailored version nursery cylinder specification is degradable tailored version nursery cylinder, the high 25~30cm of cylinder, cylinder internal diameter
6~8cm, 0.1~0.3mm of wall thickness, cylinder bottom and lower sidewall are provided with root system of plant and stretch out hole；The seedling medium
Ingredient includes Desert Sand, mineral nutrition, clay, turfy soil, water-retaining agent, vermiculite, perlite and decomposed pig, sheep, one in cow dung
Kind is a variety of；
(2) it the selection of scion: selects in excellent variety tree crown, 1 year upright branch of life that lower part is substantial makees scion；
(3) tending management with grafting is grafted: using plate budding method, cut-grafting, cleft grafting or cortex grafting method to tailored version
Stock is grafted in nursery cylinder；Room temperature does not exceed 35 DEG C in facility, and humidity maintains 50~80%, moisturizing in due course cylinder；
(4) it is out of the garden: can be out of the garden when grafting grows to 5~10cm, has 4~6 leaves or more, seedling must be practiced before being out of the garden
7d；When being out of the garden, one layer of vegetation powder, straw powder or sawdust are spread in cylinder；
(5) graft transplantation of seedlings: transplanting method is divided into two kinds: 1. one is 8~10cm of diameter, depth are first dug using planting machinery
Then Cortex Eucommiae grafting is integrally implanted into plantation hole, entire cylinder by the plantation hole of 6~10cm together with seedling medium and nursery cylinder
Or the 2/3 of cylinder must be buried in the earth, by seedling or the soil pressure reality of cylinder surrounding；2. one is using " seedling-of digging pit-throw covers
The integrated tailored version mechanical equipment of soil " is directly planted, and nursery cylinder also must be whole or 2/3 is buried in the earth.
Preferably as one kind of the invention, nutrient matrix used in the nursery cylinder is using Desert Sand, radix rehmanniae preparata soil, minerals
Fertilizer, decomposed cattle and sheep excrement are mixed by the ratio uniform of 1~2:1~2:0.5~1:0.5~1；
Preferably as one kind of the invention, when using plate budding method, after grafting at the above 2cm that budders cut anvil；It budders and sprouts
Other rudiments or the coppice shoot on stock are erased after dynamic in time, and retains one and healthy and strong budders.
Preferably as one kind of the invention, Transplanting Density is every 666.7m2Plant 40~200 caves.
Preferably as one kind of the invention, transplanting is advisable with cloudy day or the lower weather of temperature, pours root water after transplanting in time.
Beneficial effect
The invention has the benefit that (1) the technology, harvests and is stored from eucommia bark seed, presprouting of seeds processing, facility
Under the conditions of educated seedling (stock) using degradable tailored version nursery cylinder, the selection and acquisition of cuttings are grafted under facility condition, are transferred
The links such as rear protecting are planted in seedlings picking tending management and the transplanting that is out of the garden, comprehensive to promote Cortex Eucommiae nursery, grafting and plantation quality and efficiency；
(2) degradable tailored version nursery cylinder used in, which had not only risen, undertakes the places such as container for plant growth and grafting and bud picking function, but also rises and hold
It carries seedling and nursery nutrient matrix transplants function together, nursery, grafting and mechanization transplanting is made to combine, compared to tradition
Cortex Eucommiae nursery, grafting and transplanting method can effectively improve efficiency, reduce cost；(3) under facility condition, in tailored version nursery cylinder
In nursery and grafting, can avoid influenced by environmental factor, grafting time extend, grafting labor intensity can substantially reduce, operation more
It is convenient, it grafts better quality, working efficiency and has higher success rate；(4) under facility condition can interval sowing nursery, grafting, and
It is out of the garden by stages, realizes anniversary transplanting plantation；(5) traditional seedling transplanting technique is compared, is not completely cured, do not hurt root, it is basic after transplanting
Without seedling-slowing stage etc., and educated Cortex Eucommiae seedling is more strong, and root system is more flourishing；(6) when being out of the garden, one layer of vegetation powder, stalk are spread in cylinder
Powder or sawdust can effectively prevent seedling base portion soil to be heated up by direct sunlight after transplanting, generate earth's surface high temperature stress, scald children
Seedling base portion.In addition, also nutrient and water can be provided under Desert Conditions for seedling by carrying nursery nutrient matrix and water-retaining agent
Point, promote growth.Cortex Eucommiae breeding and seedling nursing with equipment, grafting and mechanical transplanting integrated planting method of the present invention, will be expected to become
The technical support of the following especially Desert Area Cortex Eucommiae large-scale planting industry.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 educates seedling (stock) schematic diagram using tailored version nursery cylinder by of the present invention；
Fig. 2 educates grafting schematic diagram using tailored version nursery cylinder by of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is tailored version nursery cylinder bottom substance schematic diagram of the present invention.
1, nursery cylinder 2, seedling medium 3, nursery barrel 4, root system of plant stretch out hole 5, nursery cylinder bottom
Specific embodiment
It is described in detail combined with specific embodiments below for the present invention.
1, enforcement place
Choose Xinjiang South Sinkiang Weili County Lop Nur desert side.
2, implement scale
2300 Cortex Eucommiae graftings educated using tailored version nursery cylinder.
3, implement the time
In October, 2016~2018 year September.
4, implementation process
Implementation method one: seed seedling-raising (stock)
(1) seed collection and storage.In October, 2016 in Cortex Eucommiae breeding breeding garden, when exocarp is in green-yellow, powder yellow
Or brown color, tool is bright and beginning dehydration, among fruit seed bearing protrusion it is full, it is big that hand pinches hardness；It peels off
Exocarp, kernel is completely thick and solid, light yellow or sundown, endosperm ecru, there is a bright sense, when cotyledon milky, harvesting；It adopts
Time receiving will first set lower sundries and clean out, and layer overlay plastic film, and elite stand branch is slightly beaten with bamboo pole；After seed collection
It puts and is dried at shady and cool ventilation in time；After removing impurity, it is placed in gunnysack or cloth bag and is stored in 0~15 DEG C of temperature, relative humidity
Under the conditions of 50%~70%, for use；
(2) vernalization of lukewarm water method is handled.The seed chosen in advance is put into 0.5% liquor potassic permanganate and impregnates 6min, is fished out
It is rinsed well after out with clear water；And then for 24 hours with seed soaking in 45 DEG C of warm water chamber, it is real to remove floating kind, pulls out and drains moisture i.e.
It can sow；
(3) tailored version nursery cylinder specification.Degradable tailored version the nursery high 30cm of cylinder cylinder, cylinder internal diameter 8cm, wall thickness 0.3mm.
Cylinder bottom and lower sidewall are provided with root system of plant and stretch out hole；
(4) seedling medium.Nutrient matrix used in nursery cylinder uses Desert Sand, radix rehmanniae preparata soil, minerals fertilizer, decomposed cattle and sheep excrement
It is mixed by 2:1.5:1:1 ratio uniform, while adding commercially available water-retaining agent 3g (Chengdu Xin Hao Chemical Co., Ltd. life in every
It produces)；
(5) it the cultivation of stock: 1. sows.After nursery cylinder is filled up seedling medium, fitly it is arranged in vinyl house
Square matrix after sprinkling profoundly water, sows 2~4,2~3cm of seed level at every nutrient matrix face center position, earthing；2. seedling
(stock) tending management.The Seed germination and emergence phase, temperature control can emerge after 18~26 DEG C, 7 days in facility；After emergence,
Room temperature does not exceed 30 DEG C in greenhouse, and nocturnal temperature is at 15~18 DEG C, in due course moisturizing；Between seedling starts when growing 2~4 leaves
Seedling stays one plant of strong sprout, attention control pest and disease damage in every；When seedling seedling current-year branch reaches semi-lignified or more, rugosity
When reaching 0.6cm (at the 5cm of ground) or more, it can be used as stock and start to graft；
(6) selection of scion.It selects in excellent variety tree crown, 1 year upright branch of life that lower part is substantial makees scion；
(7) tending management with grafting is grafted.1. stock in tailored version nursery cylinder is grafted using plate budding method,
By the height of workbench adjustment nursery cylinder when grafting, keep grafting personnel easier to operate；It is cut at the above 2cm that budders after grafting
Anvil；It budders other rudiments or the coppice shoot that erased in time after sprouting on stock, and retains one and healthy and strong budder；2. using cleft grafting
Method grafts stock in tailored version nursery cylinder；3. being grafted using cortex grafting method to stock in tailored version nursery cylinder.Greatly
Room temperature does not exceed 35 DEG C in canopy, and humidity maintains 60%, moisturizing in due course cylinder；
(8) it is out of the garden.It can be out of the garden when grafting grows to 5~10cm, has 4~6 leaves or more.Practice seedling 7d before being out of the garden；
When being out of the garden, one layer of vegetation powder, straw powder or sawdust are spread in cylinder.
(9) transplantation of seedlings is grafted.Transplanting method is divided into two kinds: 1. one is 8~10cm of diameter, depth are first dug using planting machinery
Then Cortex Eucommiae grafting is integrally implanted into plantation hole (cave) by the plantation hole (cave) of 6~10cm together with seedling medium and nursery cylinder,
The 2/3 of entire cylinder or cylinder must be buried in the earth, and by seedling or the soil pressure reality of cylinder surrounding, implement 900 (every kind of graftings
Method 300).2. nursery cylinder also must be whole one is directly being planted using " seedling-earthing of digging pit-throw " integrated machine equipment
Body 2/3 is buried in the earth, and implements 900 (every kind of engrafting method 300).Every 666.7m2Plant 80 caves.
Implementation method two: transplanting nursery (stock)
(1) tailored version nursery cylinder specification.Degradable tailored version the nursery high 25cm of cylinder cylinder, cylinder internal diameter 8cm, wall thickness 0.1mm.
Cylinder bottom and lower sidewall are provided with root system of plant and stretch out hole；
(2) seedling medium.Nutrient matrix used in nursery cylinder uses Desert Sand, radix rehmanniae preparata soil, minerals fertilizer, decomposed cattle and sheep excrement
It is mixed by 2:2:0.8:1 ratio uniform；
(3) cultivation of stock: room temperature does not exceed 30 DEG C in greenhouse, selects excellent, healthy seedling, is transplanted to and uses type
Nursery cylinder, in due course moisturizing；After transplanted seedling turns green, grows normal, it can be used as stock and start to graft；
(6) selection of scion.It selects in excellent variety tree crown, 1 year upright branch of life that lower part is substantial makees scion；
(7) tending management with grafting is grafted.Stock in tailored version nursery cylinder is grafted using plate budding method, is transferred
By the height of workbench adjustment nursery cylinder when connecing, keep grafting personnel easier to operate；After grafting at the above 2cm that budders cut anvil；
It budders other rudiments or the coppice shoot that erased in time after sprouting on stock, and retains one and healthy and strong budder；Room temperature temperature in greenhouse
Degree does not exceed 35 DEG C, and humidity maintains 50~80%, moisturizing in due course cylinder；
(8) it is out of the garden.It can be out of the garden when grafting grows to 5~10cm, has 4~6 leaves or more.Practice seedling 7d before being out of the garden；
When being out of the garden, one layer of vegetation powder, straw powder or sawdust are spread in cylinder.
(9) transplantation of seedlings is grafted.The plantation hole (cave) of 8~10cm of diameter, deep 6~10cm are first dug using planting machinery, then
Cortex Eucommiae grafting is integrally implanted into plantation hole (cave) together with seedling medium and nursery cylinder, the 2/3 of entire cylinder or cylinder must bury
In burying, by seedling or the soil pressure reality of cylinder surrounding, implement 500.Every 666.7m2Plant 80 caves.
5, experimental result
In September, 2018, counted Cortex Eucommiae grafting efficiency and grafting survival rate situation respectively, grafted successfully in July, 2017 and
Rate reaches 80%~95% or more, and transplanting survival rate all reaches 90% or more, relative to 30% or more conventional method save the cost,
Efficiency improves 50% or more.
Cortex Eucommiae breeding and seedling nursing with equipment, grafting and mechanical transplanting integrated planting method of the present invention, harvest from eucommia bark seed
It is handled with storage, presprouting of seeds, seedling (stock), the selection of cuttings is educated using degradable tailored version nursery cylinder under facility condition
And acquisition, it grafts under facility condition, grafting tending management and the transplanting that is out of the garden, plants the links such as rear protecting, comprehensive promotion Cortex Eucommiae is educated
Seedling, grafting and plantation quality and efficiency；Used degradable tailored version nursery cylinder both risen undertake container for plant growth and grafting and
The places such as bud picking function, but carrying seedling and nursery nutrient matrix transplant function together, make nursery, grafting and mechanization transplanting
It combines, compared to traditional Cortex Eucommiae nursery, grafting and transplanting method, efficiency can be effectively improved, reduce cost；Facility condition
Under, nursery and grafting in tailored version nursery cylinder can avoid being influenced by environmental factor, and grafting labor intensity can substantially reduce,
More convenient operation, grafting better quality, more efficient；Under facility condition can interval sowing nursery, grafting, and be out of the garden by stages,
The transplanting plantation of realization anniversary；Compared to traditional seedling transplanting technique, it is not completely cured, does not hurt root, substantially without seedling-slowing stage etc. after transplanting, and
And educated Cortex Eucommiae seedling is more strong, root system is more flourishing；When being out of the garden, one layer of vegetation powder, straw powder or sawdust are spread in cylinder, after transplanting
Seedling base portion soil can be effectively prevent to be heated up by direct sunlight, generate earth's surface high temperature stress, scald seedling base portion.In addition, may be used also
Nutrient and moisture are provided under Desert Conditions for seedling by carrying nursery nutrient matrix and water-retaining agent, promote growth.This hair
The bright Cortex Eucommiae breeding and seedling nursing with equipment, grafting and mechanical transplanting integrated planting method will be expected to become following (the especially desert
Area) Cortex Eucommiae large-scale planting industry technical support.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the invention patent, it is noted that for the common skill of the art
For art personnel, under the premise of not departing from the invention patent principle, several improvements and modifications can also be made, these improve and
Retouching also should be regarded as the scope of protection of the patent of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. Cortex Eucommiae breeding and seedling nursing with equipment, grafting and mechanical transplanting integrated planting method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) stock prepares: it is selected from any one following method:
Method one: being transplanted to nursery in the tailored version nursery cylinder equipped with seedling medium for Cortex Eucommiae seedling, when transplanted seedling turns green, gives birth to
After length is normal, it can be used as stock and start to graft；
Method two: the following steps are included:
1. seed collection and storage；
2. lukewarm water method vernalization is handled: by the seed chosen in advance be put into 0.3%~0.5% liquor potassic permanganate or 0.5%~
6~9min is impregnated in 1.0% copper-bath, is rinsed well after pulling out with clear water；And then in 40~45 DEG C of warm water chamber
For 24 hours, it is real to remove floating kind for seed soaking, pulls out and drains moisture and can sow；Or with 28~30 DEG C water seed soaking 3 days, change daily 1 time
Water removes floating seed when changing water for the second time, pull out and drain moisture and can sow；
3. the cultivation of stock: 1. sowing: after tailored version nursery cylinder is filled up seedling medium, after sprinkling profoundly water, in every nutrient matrix
Face center position sows 2~4,2~3cm of seed level, earthing；2. seedling tending management: the Seed germination and emergence phase, in facility
Temperature should be controlled can emerge after 18~26 DEG C, 7 days；After emergence, room temperature does not exceed 30 DEG C in facility, and nocturnal temperature is 15
~18 DEG C, in due course moisturizing；Seedling starts thinning when growing 2~4 leaves, one plant of strong sprout is stayed in every, while paying attention to top dressing, preventing
It cures the disease insect pest；When seedling seedling current-year branch reaches semi-lignified or more, rugosity reaches 0.6cm or more at the 5cm of ground, i.e.,
It can be used as stock to start to graft；
Wherein, the tailored version nursery cylinder be degradable tailored version nursery cylinder, the high 25~30cm of cylinder, cylinder 6~8cm of internal diameter,
0.1~0.3mm of wall thickness, cylinder bottom and lower sidewall are provided with root system of plant and stretch out hole；The seedling medium is at subpackage
Include Desert Sand, mineral nutrition, clay, turfy soil, water-retaining agent, vermiculite, perlite and one of decomposed pig, sheep, cow dung or more
Kind；
(2) it the selection of scion: selects in excellent variety tree crown, 1 year upright branch of life that lower part is substantial makees scion；
(3) tending management with grafting is grafted: using plate budding method, cut-grafting, cleft grafting or cortex grafting method to tailored version nursery
Stock is grafted in cylinder；Room temperature does not exceed 35 DEG C in facility, and humidity maintains 50~80%, moisturizing in due course cylinder；
(4) it is out of the garden: can be out of the garden when grafting grows to 5~10cm, has 4~6 leaves or more, seedling 7d must be practiced before being out of the garden；Out
When garden, one layer of vegetation powder, straw powder or sawdust are spread in cylinder；
(5) graft transplantation of seedlings: transplanting method is divided into two kinds: 1. one is first dug using planting machinery 8~10cm of diameter, it is deep 6~
Then Cortex Eucommiae grafting is integrally implanted into plantation hole by the plantation hole of 10cm together with seedling medium and nursery cylinder, entire cylinder or
The 2/3 of cylinder must be buried in the earth, by seedling or the soil pressure reality of cylinder surrounding；2. one is use " seedling-earthing of digging pit-throw "
Integrated tailored version mechanical equipment is directly planted, and nursery cylinder also must be whole or 2/3 is buried in the earth.
2. Cortex Eucommiae breeding and seedling nursing with equipment according to claim 1, grafting and mechanical transplanting integrated planting method, feature exist
In, nutrient matrix used in the nursery cylinder using Desert Sand, radix rehmanniae preparata soil, minerals fertilizer, decomposed cattle and sheep excrement press 1~2:1~
The ratio uniform of 2:0.5~1:0.5~1 mixes；Or water-retaining agent 2-5g/ are added on this basis.
3. Cortex Eucommiae breeding and seedling nursing with equipment according to claim 1, grafting and mechanical transplanting integrated planting method, feature exist
In, when using plate budding method, after grafting at the above 2cm that budders cut anvil；Other on stock will be erased in time by buddering after sprouting
Rudiment or coppice shoot, and retain one and healthy and strong budder.
4. Cortex Eucommiae breeding and seedling nursing with equipment according to claim 1, grafting and mechanical transplanting integrated planting method, feature exist
In Transplanting Density is every 666.7m2Plant 40~200 caves.
5. Cortex Eucommiae breeding and seedling nursing with equipment according to claim 1, grafting and mechanical transplanting integrated planting method, feature exist
In transplanting is advisable with cloudy day or the lower weather of temperature, pours root water after transplanting in time.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110313343A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-10-11 | 四川省林业科学研究院 | A kind of cultural method for promoting Cortex Eucommiae to do sth. in advance result |
| CN110367109A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-10-25 | 南京三生万物环保科技有限公司 | A kind of bluish dogbane implantation methods of floating seedlings in conjunction with mechanization transplanting |
| CN113455306A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-10-01 | 中煤科工集团北京土地整治与生态修复科技研究院有限公司 | Vegetation greening method |
| CN114731885A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-07-12 | 江西普正制药股份有限公司 | Seedling growing method for eucommia ulmoides |
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| CN104081983A (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2014-10-08 | 南京三生万物环保科技有限公司 | Plant cultivation method combining seedling nursing, mechanical transplanting and seedling protection |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104081983A (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2014-10-08 | 南京三生万物环保科技有限公司 | Plant cultivation method combining seedling nursing, mechanical transplanting and seedling protection |
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| 杜兰英等: ""杜仲嫁接育苗技术规程"", 《林业实用技术》 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110367109A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-10-25 | 南京三生万物环保科技有限公司 | A kind of bluish dogbane implantation methods of floating seedlings in conjunction with mechanization transplanting |
| CN110313343A (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2019-10-11 | 四川省林业科学研究院 | A kind of cultural method for promoting Cortex Eucommiae to do sth. in advance result |
| CN113455306A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-10-01 | 中煤科工集团北京土地整治与生态修复科技研究院有限公司 | Vegetation greening method |
| CN114731885A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-07-12 | 江西普正制药股份有限公司 | Seedling growing method for eucommia ulmoides |
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