CN112136078A - 用于提高光场均匀性的显示设备和控制系统 - Google Patents
用于提高光场均匀性的显示设备和控制系统 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
用于产生由观察者观看的图像的显示设备(10)包括光学系统(14)和控制单元(20)。光学系统将指示图像的输入光接收到光传播通道(14A)中,在出射瞳(14B)处产生具有与要呈现给观察者(18)的图像对应的视场(FOV)的输出光。所述光传播通道在所述出射光瞳的横向尺寸x和FOV的20度角跨度φ上具有所述光学系统的强度传递函数映射I1(x,φ)。控制单元(20)通过至少部分地补偿所述光学系统的所述强度传递函数映射I1(x,φ)中的强度非均匀性,以基于校正强度映射的强度调制来修正要在所述光学系统中输入的图像数据,使所述光学系统的所述出射瞳处的输出并指示的图像的光具有由所述观察者观看的具有提高的强度均匀性的调制强度映射。
Description
技术领域
本发明大体在用于提高光学系统视场内的光场均匀性的光学技术领域。特别地,本发明在基于光导耦合器用于显示虚拟图像的近眼显示器中是有用的。
背景技术
用于近眼显示器(near-eye display,NED)中的光导耦合器的操作的主要物理原理在于,指示虚拟图像的光波通过来自基板主表面的全内反射被捕获在基板内,并且通过一个或更多个(内部)至少部分反射或衍射的表面耦出至观看者的眼睛中。限定NED性能的重要因素之一与对由从光导耦合器输出的光形成的照明的均匀性的要求相关联。非均匀性或非规则性是基于光导的NED固有的,与耦出的物理过程无关。非规则性可以看起来像图像上的条纹或者具有较低/较高强度的带,其中,角频率大致处在1/4视场(field of view,FOV)与FOV/100之间的范围内。在独立处理颜色的光导架构中,这些显示为跨场景的颜色变化。
已经开发了各种技术来提高照明的均匀性,并且例如在US6829095、US7724442、US8004765、US9551874和WO16132347中进行了描述,以上均转让给本申请的申请人。
发明内容
如上所述,跨系统输出的视场的照明/亮度的均匀性是系统性能的重要需求,尤其是对于包括虚拟成像系统的显示设备。上述更早的技术通过利用沿光传播路径的各种表面上的涂层来提高图像的暗区和亮区的亮度平均水平以解决该问题。
而在最近提交的国际专利申请第PCT/IL2018/050010号中描述了由本申请的发明人开发的另一技术。根据该技术,使用了光学地耦合至光学单元的输出的掩蔽光学元件,其中光学单元产生跨光学单元的视场的具有非均匀强度分布的光。掩蔽元件被配置有根据非均匀强度分布的跨元件的空间变化的透射分布,使得与掩蔽元件的光相互作用(例如穿过)影响强度分布内具有相对高的光强度的区域以将强度调制施加到穿过掩蔽光学元件的光,并且提高光强度均匀性。
本发明提供了用于提高由观看者观察到的通过系统产生的图像的强度/亮度均匀性的新方法。本发明特别适用于那种利用光导光学元件(LOE)来引导光传播通过该光导光学元件的光学系统。将这样的LOE用在用于投影虚拟图像的近眼显示设备中。LOE被配置用于通过来自LOE主表面的全内反射来引导虚拟图像光传播通过LOE,并且可以包括嵌入其中的用于朝向一个或更多个输出方向引导虚拟图像光的一个或更多个光引导表面(例如至少部分反射表面)。
根据本发明,通过对要经由光学系统的入射瞳输入至光学系统的图像携载光场施加强度调制,提高了由观看者观察到的图像(即观看者的眼瞳处的图像)的照明均匀性分布。可以电子地施加(例如,经由空间光调制器的操作)输入场强度调制,该输入场强度调制的电子施加可以与要输入光学系统中的图像数据的创建同时进行,或者对先前创建的图像数据在输入光学系统中之前施加输入场强度调制。
根据本发明,提供了关于光学系统的数据,即基于由光学系统限定的光传播通道的已知配置测量或模拟的数据。关于光学系统的这样的数据包括跨光学系统的出射瞳的横向尺寸x以及与要由光学系统呈现给观看者的图像对应的视场(FOV)的角跨度φ的表征强度传递函数映射I1(x,φ)。换言之,光学系统在角空间的空间中具有其特征强度分布。分析该数据以适当地影响要输入光学系统中的图像数据,使得观察者观看到正在显示的具有提高的强度均匀性的图像。
因此,根据本发明的一个广泛方面,提供了一种用于产生要由观察者观看的图像的显示设备。显示设备包括光学系统和控制单元。光学系统包括具有出射瞳的光传播通道,并且被配置且可操作以接收指示图像的输入光并且在出射瞳处产生具有与要呈现给观察者的图像对应的视场(FOV)的输出光,而光传播通道的配置限定跨出射瞳的横向尺寸x以及FOV的角跨度φ的光学系统的表征强度传递函数映射I1(x,φ)。控制单元被配置且可操作以通过对要输入光学系统中的图像数据施加基于校正强度映射的强度调制来影响图像数据,该校正强度映射被配置成至少部分地补偿光学系统的表征强度传递函数映射I1(x,φ)中的强度非均匀性,使得光学系统的出射瞳处输出的并且指示图像的光具有由观看者观察到的具有提高的强度均匀性的调制强度映射。
在一些实施方式中,控制单元包括强度映射生成器模块,该强度映射生成器模块被配置且可操作以分析光学系统的表征强度传递函数映射I1(x,φ)和预定眼瞳相关数据,以确定指示从出射瞳到眼瞳的角强度传递的相应强度传递函数映射,并且生成校正强度映射。由强度映射调制器工具分析校正强度映射,强度映射调制器工具利用校正强度映射来生成相应强度调制并且将该强度调制施加到正被输入至光学系统的图像数据。将施加到图像的强度调制作为指示校正强度映射的至少一部分的数据的反演来施加。
预定眼瞳相关数据包括指示眼瞳尺寸x’的数据(针对特定观察者给定的或测量的),和/或指示出射瞳与眼瞳之间的距离z(对于特定的头戴近眼显示设备可以是固定的)的数据或者在设备的使用期间测量的数据,以及指示出射瞳与眼瞳之间的横向偏移(x’-x)的数据。
在一些实施方式中,强度映射生成器模块包括积分器模块,该积分器模块被配置成在预定眼瞳尺寸x’以及出射瞳与眼瞳之间的预定横向偏移(x’-x)上对表征强度传递函数映射I1(x,φ)进行卷积,以获得指示卷积强度传递函数映射I’1((x’-x),φ)的数据,卷积强度传递函数映射I’1((x’-x),φ)指示从出射瞳到预定眼瞳尺寸x’的角强度传递。
如上所述,控制单元可以利用指示眼瞳尺寸x’的给定数据。
在一些实施方式中,指示卷积强度传递函数映射I’1((x’-x),φ)的数据包括对应于不同瞳范围x’的多个卷积强度传递函数映射。
强度映射生成器模块可以包括选择器模块/工具,其被配置且可操作以利用指示出射瞳与眼瞳之间的距离z以及出射瞳与眼瞳之间的横向偏移(x’-x)的数据,并且分析卷积强度传递函数映射I’1((x’-x),φ)以在卷积强度传递函数映射I’1((x’-x),φ)中识别对应于特定距离z和偏移(x’-x)值的区域,并且生成校正强度映射。
强度映射调制器工具被配置成将强度调制生成为卷积强度传递函数映射I’1((x’-x),φ)的所选区域的反演。
如上所述,可以在图像显示会话期间测量眼瞳相关数据的一个或更多个参数。为此,系统包括眼睛位置控制器,该眼睛位置控制器被配置且可操作以监测观察者的眼瞳的一个或更多个参数,并且确定眼瞳相关数据,从而使控制单元能够动态地调整校正强映射。
如上所述,在一些实施方式中,根据本发明的显示设备被配置为用于显示虚拟图像的近眼显示设备,或者透视型显示设备以另外地并且同时地显示真实场景图像。这样的近眼显示设备的光学系统可以包括光导光学元件(LOE),该LOE包括波导并且包括一个或更多个光引导表面,波导被配置用于通过来自波导的主表面的全内反射来引导光传播通过波导,所述一个或更多个光引导表面嵌入波导中并且被布置成限定出射瞳以将光从波导中导出。
在一些实施方式中,控制单元被配置成与存储设备进行通信以接收指示光学系统的表征强度传递函数映射的数据。替选地或另外地,控制单元可以包括模拟器模块,该模拟器模块被配置且可操作以接收指示光学系统的光传播通道的配置的数据,并且确定包括指示光学系统的表征强度传递函数映射的数据的模拟数据。
根据本发明的另一广泛方面,提供了一种用于控制由观看者从具有光学系统的显示设备观察到的图像的照明均匀性的控制系统。控制系统被配置为包括数据处理器与分析器的计算机系统,该数据处理器与分析器包括强度映射生成器模块,以及与强度映射生成器模块进行数据通信的强度映射调制器工具。强度映射生成器模块被配置且可操作以接收并且分析输入数据,该输入数据包括观看者的眼瞳相关数据,以及跨光学系统的出射瞳的横向尺寸x和视场(FOV)的角跨度φ的光学系统的表征强度传递函数映射I1(x,φ),视场对应于要由光学系统呈现给观看者的图像。强度映射生成器模块确定指示从出射瞳到眼瞳的角强度传递的相应强度传递函数映射,并且生成校正强度映射。强度映射调制器工具被配置且可操作以利用校正强度映射并且生成要施加至正输入光学系统的图像数据的相应强度调制,以影响图像数据以至少部分地补偿光学系统的表征强度传递函数映射中的强度非均匀性,以提供在光学系统的出射瞳处的指示图像的输出光具有由观看者观察到的具有提高的强度均匀性的调制强度映射。
附图说明
为了更好地理解在本文中公开的主题以及例示如何在实践中实施主题,现在将参照附图仅通过非限制性示例描述实施方式,在附图中:
图1是根据本发明配置的用于显示要由观察者观看的图像的显示设备的框图;
图2是本发明的用于图1的系统中以控制由观看者观察到的正在显示的图像的照明均匀性的控制系统的配置的框图;
图3A至图3D例示了本发明的用于提高在观察正由利用基于LOE的光学系统的近眼显示器显示的图像时的照明均匀性的技术,;
图4A至4C和图5A至5C例示了通过例示的基于LOE的光学系统的光方案(scheme)传播如何影响LOE的出射瞳处的强度映射,该强度映射可以用于模拟基于LOE光学系统的强度映射;以及
图6例示了如何可以使用线CCD扫描测量角空间的空间中光学系统的表征强度传递函数映射I1(x,φ)。
具体实施方式
参照图1,其通过框图示出了本发明的显示设备10。显示设备10包括与图像数据生成器12相关联的光学系统14。图像数据生成器12被配置且可操作以从图像数据提供器接收图像数据并且生成相应的光场(具有光强度映射的结构光)。这可以通过使用空间光调制器例如基于LCD的调制器或者一般地使用光源(例如OLED)的矩阵来实现。
光学系统14包括限定光传播通道14A的一个或更多个光学元件(未示出),光传播通道14A用于将对应于要显示的图像的结构光朝向出射瞳14B引导通过光传播通道14A,出射瞳14B具有与要呈现给观看者/观察者的眼睛18或者要由观看者/观察者的眼睛18观看的光学系统的图像对应的视场(FOV)。光传播通道14A的配置限定跨出射瞳14B的横向尺寸x和FOV的角跨度φ的光学系统的表征强度传递函数映射I1(x,φ)。
在显示设备10中还设置有控制单元20,控制单元20根据本发明被配置且可操作以控制由观看者观察到的图像的照明/强度均匀性。应当理解,本发明的目的是改进由观看者观察到的即在眼瞳18处的图像的强度分布。这将在下面更具体地进一步描述。
控制单元20可以是图像数据生成器12的一部分或是单独的单元。控制单元20接收指示光强度映射的要输入至光学系统的图像数据ID,并且通过对图像数据施加强度调制来影响该图像数据,以生成强度调制图像数据IDmod。通过任何合适的已知配置的空间光调制器(SLM)例如基于LCD的调制器将该强度调制图像数据IDmod转换成相应的光场(结构光)以传播通过光学系统14。
由控制单元20施加的强度调制基于校正强度映射,校正强度映射由控制单元确定并且被配置成至少部分地补偿光学系统的表征强度传递函数映射I1(x,φ)的强度非均匀性,使得光学系统14的出射瞳14B处的图像携载输出光具有由观看者观察到的具有提高的强度均匀性的调制强度映射Imod。
如图中所例示的,控制单元20从数据提供器22(例如存储设备)接收输入数据(例如,访问存储这样的数据的存储设备),该输入数据包括指示光学系统的表征强度传递函数映射I1(x,φ)的数据。然而,应当注意,指示表征强度传递函数映射I1(x,φ)的数据可以包括先前创建(例如模拟的或测量的)并且存储在存储设备中的这样的映射数据本身;或者指示表征强度传递函数映射I1(x,φ)的这样的数据可以包括关于给定光学系统的光传播通道的配置的数据。在后一种情况下,控制单元20包括被配置且可操作以分析光传播通道的配置并且确定光学系统的表征强度传递函数映射I1(x,φ)的模拟数据的模拟器模块。这也将在下面更具体地进一步描述。
还如图所示,控制单元20还可以利用眼瞳相关数据以生成强度调制图像数据IDmod。这样的眼瞳相关数据包括如眼瞳的横向尺寸x’、出射瞳14B与眼瞳18之间的距离z以及出射瞳14B与眼瞳18之间的横向偏移(x’-x)的这样的参数中的一个或更多个。
在一些实施方式中,可以给出这些参数中的一个或更多个,即,典型值(例如,眼瞳的横向尺寸x’通常约为3mm);在显示设备相对于观看者的位置固定的情况下,例如在头戴式显示设备的情况下,出射瞳14B与眼瞳18之间的距离z和横向偏移(x’-x)的值可以是几乎固定的。
在一些其他实施方式中,如下面将进一步描述的,显示设备10可以替选地或另外地包括眼瞳控制器,眼瞳控制器配备有合适的眼睛跟踪器,该眼睛跟踪器在图像显示会话(session)期间监测/测量距离z和/或横向偏移(x’-x)值的变化,并且生成相应的数据,控制单元响应于所生成的数据动态地调整/更新强度调制图像数据IDmod。眼瞳控制器还可以包括测量观看者的眼瞳尺寸x’的测量单元。
本发明的光学系统或其至少一部分(例如光导元件)可以具有非常紧凑的配置,并且可以安装在平视显示器(head-up display,HUD)上或者作为单独的模块来与HUD一起使用。本发明的另一可能应用是作为安装有预定软件应用的智能电话的一部分。这样的配置的示例例如可连接至HUD的手持式光导元件等在转让给本申请的受让人的US8004765中进行了描述。
图2示出了示例性控制单元20的配置的框图。控制单元20包括未特别示出的数据输入和输出工具以及存储器。控制单元20可以是图像数据提供器22的一部分,或者可以是被配置成与图像数据生成器12进行数据通信的独立单元/电路20,其中图像数据生成器12又是图像数据提供器22的一部分或者可连接至图像数据提供器22。
控制单元20包括强度映射生成器模块24,如上所述,映射生成器模块24被配置且可操作以分析指示光学系统的(例如,给定的或模拟的)表征强度传递函数映射I1(x,φ)的数据以及观看者的眼瞳相关数据,并且确定指示从出射瞳到眼瞳的角强度传递的相应强度传递函数映射,并且生成校正强度映射I2(x,φ)。
如图中所例示的,强度映射生成器模块24包括积分器模块24A,该积分器模块24A被配置成对表征强度传递函数映射I1(x,φ)在预定眼瞳尺寸x’以及出射瞳与眼瞳之间的预定横向偏移(x’-x)上进行卷积,并且获得指示卷积强度传递函数映射I’1((x’-x),φ)的数据。这样的卷积强度传递函数映射I’1((x’-x),φ)指示从出射瞳14B到具有预定横向尺寸以及相对于出射瞳的相对位置的眼瞳18的角度强度传递。
应当注意,可以是这样的情况,指示卷积强度传递函数映射I’1((x’-x),φ)的数据被设置成包括对应于不同瞳范围x’的多个卷积强度传递函数映射。在该示例中,强度映射生成器模块24还包括选择器模块24B,该选择器模块24B被配置且可操作以利用指示出射瞳14B与眼瞳18之间的距离z以及出射瞳与眼瞳之间的横向偏移(x’-x)的数据,以在卷积强度传递函数映射I’1((x’-x),φ)中识别对应于距离z和偏移(x’-x)值的区域,并且生成校正强度映射I2(x,φ)。
在控制单元20中还设置有强度映射调制器工具26,该强度映射调制器工具26从图像数据生成器12接收图像数据ID(例如虚拟图像),并且从强度映射生成器模块24接收校正强度映射I2(x,φ)。强度映射调制器工具26被配置且可操作以分析校正强度映射I2(x,φ)并且生成相应的强度调制,并且将该调制施加到图像数据ID,从而产生强度调制图像数据IDmod。产生强度调制并将强度调制例如作为校正强度映射的反演(或一定近似的反演)——即卷积强度传递函数映射I’1((x’-x),φ)的所选区域的反演——来施加到图像数据ID。
将这样创建的强度调制图像数据IDmod转换成进入具有表征强度传递函数映射I1(x,φ)的光学系统14的相应光场(结构光),以至少部分地补偿光学系统的表征强度传递函数映射I1(x,φ)中的强度非均匀性。因此,光学系统的出射瞳处的指示原始图像的输出光具有经调制的强度映射,使得由观察者(在眼瞳处)观看到具有改进的强度映射I’2(x,φ)的相应图像。
考虑到在虚拟成像系统中使用的显示设备,显示设备通常包括动态地调整/更新眼瞳相关参数(通常,距离z和横向偏移(x’-x))中的一个或更多个的眼瞳控制器(眼睛跟踪器)28。因此,控制单元20(其强度映射生成器24)动态地调整校正强度映射I2(x,φ)。
现在参照图3A至图3D,其例示了本发明的用于控制近眼显示器中使用的基于LOE光学系统的操作的技术。
图3A例示了平视显示设备30,该平视显示设备30包括光学系统14,光学系统14利用具有主表面32和34以及嵌入其中的光引导元件31和35(至少部分地反射)的LOE 16、以及准直模块17,这些一同限定通过光学系统14的光传播通道14A。还如图所示,显示设备30包括如上所述配置的图像创建设备36(例如,包括投影仪,例如基于SLM的投影仪),以将图像数据转换成相应的图像携载光。图像创建设备由包括控制单元20或可连接至控制单元20的图像数据提供器22(例如,如上所述配置)操作。如图所示,图像携载光穿过准直模块17,进入LOE(波导/基板)16,从光引导元件(反射器)31反射并且被捕获在LOE的基板/主体中,其中,光通过来自主表面32和34的全内反射被引导并且与至少部分反射元件35依次相互作用,其中元件35将光从基板耦出以朝向观看者的眼睛的瞳孔18传播。
这样的基于LOE的光学系统14的配置和操作自身是已知的并且在本申请的受让人的以上提及的更早的专利公布中被例示。这样的光学系统的配置和操作不形成本发明的一部分,并且因此这里不详细描述。关于使用光学系统的配置来确定/模拟光学系统的表征强度传递函数映射I1(x,φ)的原理,这些在下面将更具体地进一步描述。
图3B例示了跨出射瞳的横向尺寸x以及与要呈现给观察者的图像对应的FOV的角跨度φ并且还沿出射瞳与观察者的眼瞳之间的距离z的光学系统的表征强度传递函数映射I1(x,φ)。这里,线A及其角取向α分别对应于眼瞳的横向尺寸x’以及相对于光学系统的出射瞳的眼瞳位置z。
图3C示出了卷积强度传递函数映射I’1((x’-x),φ),其通过在预定眼瞳尺寸x’以及出射瞳与眼瞳之间的预定横向偏移(x’-x)上对图3B的表征强度传递函数映射I1(x,φ)进行卷积而获得。这样的卷积强度传递函数映射I’1((x’-x),φ)指示从出射瞳到预定眼瞳尺寸x’的角强度传递。
图3D示出了校正强度映射I2(x,φ),其通过利用距离z和横向偏移(x’-x)以从卷积强度传递函数映射I’1((x’-x),φ)提取对应于这些距离z和偏移(x’-x)值的区域而获得。
如上所述,然后使用这样获得的校正强度映射I2(x,φ)以将强度调制作为校正强度映射I2(x,φ)的反演来施加到图像数据,并且相应地操作图像创建设备36(例如投影仪)。
参照图4A至图4C以及图5A至图5C,其例示了通过例示的基于LOE光学系统的光方案传播如何影响光学系统(即LOE的)的出射瞳处的强度映射,该强度映射可以用于模拟跨出射瞳的横向尺寸x以及与要呈现给观察者的图像对应的FOV的角跨度φ的光学系统的表征强度传递函数映射I1(x,φ)。这些图示出了暗带效应的本质及其在角空间的空间中的表示,即在表征特定光学系统的强度传递函数映射I1(x,φ)中的表示。
图4A示出了与所谓的“结构带”相关联的效应:由于对于以不同角度进入LOE的光线在与光引导元件31的光相互作用的不同,在FOV上,一些光线比其他光线经受更多的衰减。更特别地,结构带以每个全内反射的倍数增长,因此,在较高编号的光引导元件/刻面(按照在通过LOE的光传播的大体方向上连续排布的小平面(facet)的顺序)处,例如,在第三刻面处,其累加而产生明显可见的带。这在图5A中示出。
图4B和图5B示出了“照明非均匀性”相关带:在入射瞳上的不均匀照明通过LOE被复制并且形成亮度的周期性变化。
图4C和图5C示出了所谓的“欠交叠带效应”:在较低的角处存在光线不能填充的薄区域,而在较高的角处存在光线两次填充的类似区域。
因此,对于任何瞳横向尺寸和z距离,可以使用光学系统的表征强度传递函数映射I1(x,φ)来确定关于视场上的暗带的完整数据。使用该数据可以确定校正映射,并且可以电子地补偿暗带效应(其中,精确度依赖于眼睛位置知识)。
除了上述基于涂层的解决方案之外,还可以使用本发明的技术。例如,发明人已发现,对于基于LOE的光学系统,最成问题的暗带效应出现在瞳尺寸/FOV映射的中心处,并且这可以通过适当的涂层设计来改进,而其他效应可以通过如上所述的校正映射电子地补偿/改进。
还如上所述,可以测量给定光学系统的表征强度传递函数映射I1(x,φ)。这样的测量可以例如通过使用线CCD扫描出射瞳输出来实现。这在图6中进行例示,图6示出了线CCD映射,即在角空间的空间中的测量强度分布(跨出射瞳的横向尺寸x,沿距出射瞳的距离z,以及FOV的角跨度φ)。线分布是跨瞳x的FOV上的强度变化,并且斜度(slope)α对应于眼距(eye relief)或距离z。
测量或模拟的这样的映射包含针对眼距(z距离)、眼睛位置(横向偏移)和眼瞳直径(横向尺寸)的所有强度数据。因此,该映射是在角空间的空间中的光学系统的表征强度传递函数映射I1(x,φ),该映射可以用于补偿(动态地经由眼睛跟踪器或静态地)强度非均匀性源(暗带效应)。
Claims (23)
1.一种用于产生要由观察者观看的图像的显示设备,所述显示设备包括:
光学系统,其包括具有出射瞳的光传播通道,所述光学系统被配置且能够操作以接收指示要显示的图像的输入图像携载光,并且在所述出射瞳处产生具有与要呈现给所述观察者的所述图像对应的视场(FOV)的输出光,所述光传播通道的配置限定跨所述出射瞳的横向尺寸x和所述FOV的角跨度φ的所述光学系统的表征强度传递函数映射I1(x,φ);以及
控制单元,其被配置且能够操作以通过对图像数据施加基于校正强度映射的强度调制来影响所述图像数据,所述校正强度映射被配置成至少部分地补偿所述光学系统的所述表征强度传递函数映射I1(x,φ)中的强度非均匀性,使得所述输入图像携载光对应于指示要显示的所述图像的强度调制图像数据IDmod,并且所述光学系统的所述出射瞳处的指示所述图像的所述输出光具有由所述观看者观察到的具有提高的强度均匀性的调制强度映射。
2.根据权利要求1所述的显示设备,其中,所述控制单元包括:
强度映射生成器模块,其被配置且能够操作以分析所述光学系统的所述表征强度传递函数映射I1(x,φ)以及预定眼瞳相关数据,确定指示从所述出射瞳到所述眼瞳的角强度传递的相应强度传递函数映射,并且生成所述校正强度映射;以及
强度映射调制器工具,其被配置且能够操作以利用所述校正强度映射来生成相应强度调制并且将所述强度调制施加到正输入至所述光学系统的所述图像数据。
3.根据权利要求2所述的显示设备,其中,所述预定眼瞳相关数据包括指示眼瞳尺寸x’的数据。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的显示设备,其中,所述预定眼瞳相关数据包括指示所述出射瞳与所述眼瞳之间的距离z以及所述出射瞳与所述眼瞳之间的横向偏移(x’-x)的数据。
5.根据权利要求2至4中任一项所述的显示设备,其中,所述强度映射生成器模块包括积分器模块,所述积分器模块被配置成在预定眼瞳尺寸x’以及所述出射瞳与所述眼瞳之间的预定横向偏移(x’-x)上对所述表征强度传递函数映射I1(x,φ)进行卷积,以获得指示卷积强度传递函数映射I’1((x’-x),φ)的数据,所述卷积强度传递函数映射I’1((x’-x),φ)指示从所述出射瞳到所述预定眼瞳尺寸x’的角强度传递。
6.根据权利要求5所述的显示设备,其中,所述控制单元利用指示所述眼瞳尺寸x’的给定数据。
7.根据权利要求5或6所述的显示设备,其中,指示卷积强度传递函数映射I’1((x’-x),φ)的所述数据包括对应于不同瞳范围x’的多个卷积强度传递函数映射。
8.根据权利要求5至7中任一项所述的显示设备,其中,所述强度映射生成器模块包括选择器模块,所述选择器模块被配置且能够操作以利用指示所述出射瞳与所述眼瞳之间的距离z以及所述出射瞳与所述眼瞳之间的横向偏移(x’-x)的数据,并且分析指示所述卷积强度传递函数映射I’1((x’-x),φ)的所述数据以在所述卷积强度传递函数映射I’1((x’-x),φ)中识别对应于所述距离z和所述偏移(x’-x)的区域,并且生成所述校正强度映射。
9.根据权利要求8所述的显示设备,其中,所述强度映射调制器工具被配置成将所述强度调制生成为所述卷积强度传递函数映射I’1((x’-x),φ)的所选区域的反演。
10.根据权利要求2至9中任一项所述的显示设备,包括眼睛位置控制器,所述眼睛位置控制器被配置且能够操作以在图像显示会话期间监测所述观察者的眼瞳的一个或更多个参数,确定所述眼瞳相关数据,从而使所述控制单元能够动态地调整所述校正强度映射。
11.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的显示设备,其被配置为用于显示虚拟图像的近眼显示设备。
12.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的显示设备,其中,所述光学系统包括光导光学元件(LOE),所述光导光学元件包括波导并且包括一个或更多个光引导表面,所述波导被配置用于通过来自所述波导的主表面的全内反射来引导光传播通过所述波导,所述一个或更多个光引导表面嵌入所述波导中并且被布置成限定所述出射瞳以将光从所述波导中导出。
13.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的显示设备,其中,所述控制单元被配置成与存储设备进行通信以接收指示所述光学系统的所述表征强度传递函数映射I1(x,φ)的所述数据。
14.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的显示设备,其中,所述控制单元包括模拟器模块,所述模拟器模块被配置且能够操作以接收指示所述光学系统的所述光传播通道的所述配置的数据并且确定包括指示所述光学系统的所述表征强度传递函数映射I1(x,φ)的所述数据的模拟数据。
15.一种用于控制由观看者从具有光学系统的显示设备观察到的图像的照明均匀性的控制系统,所述控制系统包括数据输入和输出工具、存储器工具以及数据处理器与分析器,所述数据处理器与分析器包括:
强度映射生成器模块,其被配置且能够操作以进行以下操作:接收并且分析输入数据,所述输入数据包括观看者的眼瞳相关数据,以及跨所述光学系统的出射瞳的横向尺寸x和视场(FOV)的角跨度中的所述光学系统的表征强度传递函数映射I1(x,φ),所述视场对应于要由所述光学系统呈现给所述观看者的图像;确定指示从所述出射瞳到所述眼瞳的角强度传递的相应强度传递函数映射;并且生成校正强度映射;以及
强度映射调制器工具,其被配置且能够操作以利用所述校正强度映射并且生成要施加到正被转换成图像携载光的图像数据的相应强度调制,所述图像携载光指示要输入至所述光学系统的图像,所述强度调制影响所述图像数据以至少部分地补偿所述光学系统的所述表征强度传递函数映射I1(x,φ)中的强度非均匀性,以提供在所述光学系统的所述出射瞳处的指示所述图像的输出光具有由所述观看者观察到的具有提高的强度均匀性的调制强度映射。
16.根据权利要求15所述的控制系统,其中,所述预定眼瞳相关数据包括指示眼瞳尺寸x’的数据。
17.根据权利要求15或16所述的控制系统,其中,所述预定眼瞳相关数据包括指示所述出射瞳与所述眼瞳之间的距离z以及所述出射瞳与所述眼瞳之间的横向偏移(x’-x)的数据。
18.根据权利要求15至17中任一项所述的控制系统,其中,所述强度映射生成器模块包括积分器模块,所述积分器模块被配置成在预定眼瞳尺寸x’以及所述出射瞳与所述眼瞳之间的预定横向偏移(x’-x)上对所述表征强度传递函数映射I1(x,φ)进行卷积,以获得指示卷积强度传递函数映射I’1((x’-x),φ)的数据,所述卷积强度传递函数映射I’1((x’-x),φ)指示从所述出射瞳到所述预定眼瞳尺寸x’的角强度传递。
19.根据权利要求18所述的控制系统,其中,所述强度映射生成器模块数据接收包括所述眼瞳尺寸x’的输入数据。
20.根据权利要求18或19所述的控制系统,其中,指示卷积强度传递函数映射I’1((x’-x),φ)的所述数据包括对应于不同瞳范围x’的多个卷积强度传递函数映射。
21.根据权利要求18至20中任一项所述的控制系统,其中,所述强度映射生成器模块包括选择器模块,所述选择器模块被配置且能够操作以利用指示所述出射瞳与所述眼瞳之间的距离z以及所述出射瞳与所述眼瞳之间的横向偏移(x’-x)的数据,并且分析指示所述卷积强度传递函数映射I’1((x’-x),φ)的所述数据以在所述卷积强度传递函数映射I’1((x’-x),φ)中识别对应于所述距离z和所述偏移(x’-x)的区域,并且生成所述校正强度映射。
22.根据权利要求21所述的控制系统,其中,所述强度映射调制器工具被配置成将所述强度调制生成为所述卷积强度传递函数映射I’1((x’-x),φ)的所选区域的反演。
23.根据权利要求15至22中任一项所述的控制系统,其被配置成响应于包括在图像显示会话期间所述观看者的眼瞳的一个或更多个参数的输入数据,确定所述眼瞳相关数据,并且动态地调整所述校正强度映射。
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CN112136078B (zh) | 2024-03-26 |
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US11567331B2 (en) | 2023-01-31 |
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