CN110901361A - 电池外壳的固定结构 - Google Patents

电池外壳的固定结构 Download PDF

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CN110901361A
CN110901361A CN201910742044.4A CN201910742044A CN110901361A CN 110901361 A CN110901361 A CN 110901361A CN 201910742044 A CN201910742044 A CN 201910742044A CN 110901361 A CN110901361 A CN 110901361A
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大熊香苗
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Abstract

一种电池外壳的固定结构，电池外壳(31)的朝向车宽度方向外侧的外壳侧壁(31d)具备向车宽度方向外侧突出并固定于车身的至少两个固定部(31g)和形成为与外壳侧壁(31d)对置的面形状并将至少两个固定部(31g)在前后方向连结的连结壁(31h)，固定部(31g)及连结壁(31h)与电池外壳(31)一体形成，因此侧面碰撞的碰撞载荷传入电池外壳时由两个固定部(31g)、连结壁(31h)及外壳侧壁(31d)围成的空间被压扁，能够有效地吸收碰撞能量。固定部(31g)及连结壁(31h)与金属压铸件制的电池外壳(31)一体形成，因此不仅能削减部件数量，还能通过固定部及连结壁提高电池外壳的刚性。从而，使电动车辆的电池外壳的强度增加而提高侧面抗碰撞性能。

Description

电池外壳的固定结构
技术领域
本发明涉及电池外壳的固定结构，其将收容电动车辆的驱动用电池的金属压铸件制的电池外壳固定于车身的下部。
背景技术
在下述专利文献1公开一种如下的电池外壳的固定结构的方案：从收容电动车辆的驱动用电池的铝压铸件制的外壳的侧壁的上端开口部，将在水平方向延伸的隔板部、在垂直方向延伸的垂直凸缘以及在水平方向延伸的水平凸缘以剖面曲柄状伸出，将水平凸缘通过螺栓紧固于底板骨架部件上。
专利文献1日本特开2000-85375号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的课题
然而，关于上述以往的电池外壳的固定结构，在电动车辆发生侧面碰撞而碰撞载荷传入电池外壳时，从电池外壳的侧壁的上端开口部伸出的剖面曲柄状的部分不能有效地吸收碰撞能量，有可能不能充分保护收容于内部的驱动用电池。
本发明鉴于上述情况而提出，其目的在于使电动车辆的电池外壳的强度增加而提高侧面抗碰撞性能。
用于解决课题的方案
为了达成上述目的，根据技术方案1记载的发明，提出了一种电池外壳的固定结构，其将收容电动车辆的驱动用电池的金属压铸件制的电池外壳固定于车身的下部，所述电池外壳的固定结构的特征在于：所述电池外壳的朝向车宽度方向外侧的外壳侧壁具备：至少两个固定部，其向车宽度方向外侧突出并固定于车身；及连结壁，其形成为与所述外壳侧壁对置的面形状并将至少两个所述固定部在前后方向连结，所述固定部以及所述连结壁与所述电池外壳一体地形成。
另外，技术方案2记载的发明，在技术方案1的结构的基础上，提出了一种电池外壳的固定结构，其特征在于：所述电池外壳具备肋，所述肋在两个所述固定部之间将所述外壳侧壁以及所述连结壁在车宽度方向连结。
另外，技术方案3记载的发明，在技术方案1或技术方案2的结构的基础上，提出了一种电池外壳的固定结构，其特征在于：所述固定部固定于在前后方向延伸的底板边梁，所述固定部的车宽度方向外端位于比所述底板边梁的车宽度方向外端靠车宽度方向内侧的位置。
需要说明的是，实施方式的外壳主体31对应于本发明的电池外壳，实施方式的第二固定部31g对应于本发明的固定部，实施方式的电池模块34对应于本发明的驱动用电池。
发明效果
根据技术方案1的结构，收容电动车辆的驱动用电池的金属压铸件制的电池外壳固定于车身的下部。电池外壳的朝向车宽度方向外侧的外壳侧壁具备：至少两个固定部，其向车宽度方向外侧突出并固定于车身；连结壁，其形成为与外壳侧壁对置的面形状并将至少两个固定部在前后方向连结。固定部以及连结壁与电池外壳一体地形成，因此，在侧面碰撞的碰撞载荷传入电池外壳时，由两个固定部、连结壁以及外壳侧壁围成的空间被压扁，由此能够有效地吸收碰撞能量。并且，固定部以及连结壁与金属压铸件制的电池外壳一体地形成，因此不仅能够削减部件数量，还能够通过固定部以及连结壁提高电池外壳的刚性。
另外，根据技术方案2的结构，电池外壳具备在两个固定部之间将外壳侧壁以及连结壁在车宽度方向连结的肋，因此能够通过肋加强固定部以及连结壁，进一步提高侧面抗碰撞性能。
另外，根据技术方案3的结构，固定部固定于在前后方向延伸的底板边梁，固定部的车宽度方向外端位于比底板边梁的车宽度方向外端靠车宽度方向内侧的位置，因此将侧面碰撞的碰撞载荷优先地由底板边梁支承，再将底板边梁无法承受的碰撞载荷由电池外壳来承受，由此能够将电池外壳的损伤抑制在最小限度。
附图说明
图1是插电式混合动力车辆的车身侧视图。
图2是图1的2方向向视图。
图3是图2的3-3线剖视图。
图4是图3的4-4线向视图。
图5是电池包的分解立体图。
图6是示出电池包的安装状态的立体图。
图7是图6的7方向向视图。
符号说明
15 底板边梁
31 外壳主体(电池外壳)
31d 外壳侧壁
31g 第二固定部(固定部)
31h 连结壁
31i 肋
34 电池模块(驱动用电池)
具体实施方式
以下，基于图1～图7对本发明的实施方式进行说明。需要说明的是，本说明书的前后方向、左右方向(车宽度方向)以及上下方向是以就坐于驾驶席上的乘客作为基准而定义的。
如图1、图2以及图4所示，在前轮驱动的插电式混合动力车辆的车身前部搭载有电动马达11、发动机12及动力驱动单元13，电动马达11驱动前轮；发动机12驱动给电池充电的发电机；动力驱动单元13具备逆变器，逆变器控制电动马达11的驱动。
在车身中央的左右两侧部配置有在前后方向延伸的左右一对下边梁14，而且在左右的下边梁14的车宽度方向内侧配置有在前后方向延伸的左右一对底板边梁15，左右的下边梁14以及左右的底板边梁15的前部之间通过在车宽度方向延伸的第一底板横梁16连接，左右的下边梁14以及左右的底板边梁15的前后方向中间部之间通过在车宽度方向延伸的第二底板横梁17连接。第一底板横梁16以及第二底板横梁17通过在前后方向延伸的多个座椅导轨18连接，这些座椅导轨18支承前部座椅19。
电池包21支承于左右的底板边梁15以及第二底板横梁17的下表面，该电池包21将驱动电动马达11的电池收纳于电池外壳20内而成。在电池包21的前侧，配置有经由充电电缆与外部电源连接而给电池充电的充电器22(或者非接触式的充电垫)，在电池包21的后侧，配置有储存驱动发动机12的燃料的燃料箱23。
如图2～图7所示，电池外壳20是通过将向上开放的金属(铝)压铸件制的外壳主体31和向下开放的金属(铝)压铸件制的盖32在它们的外周部由多个螺栓33在上下方向结合而构成的。在外壳主体31的底部搭载8个的电池模块34，在其上部配置电池控制装置、连接板、单体电压传感器等电气安装部件35。
浅容器状的外壳主体31具备：大致平坦的外壳底壁31a、从外壳底壁31a的外周立起的外壳前壁31b、外壳后壁31c以及左右的外壳侧壁31d、将左右的外壳侧壁31d在车宽度方向连接的横梁31e。本实施方式的横梁31e是从外壳底壁31a立起的多个肋的集合体(参照图5)，可以为任意构造。在外壳主体31的横梁31e上形成左右一对圆筒状的第一固定部31f，另外在左右的外壳侧壁31d的车宽度方向的外表面上，分别形成前后一对圆筒状的第二固定部31g。前后一对第二固定部31g通过L字状剖面的连结壁31h连接，连结壁31h相对于外壳侧壁31d平行地延伸。其结果是，由外壳侧壁31d、一对第二固定部31g以及连结壁31h包围而形成向下开放的空间，在该空间内形成连接外壳侧壁31d以及连结壁31h的多个肋31i。
电池外壳20的盖32，在与外壳主体31的横梁31e对应的位置形成向下凹陷的槽状的凹部32a，在该凹部32a上形成与外壳主体31的一对第一固定部31f重叠的一对螺栓孔32b，另外在盖32的左右的车宽度方向外壁形成与外壳主体31的一对第二固定部31g重叠的一对螺栓孔32c。在盖32的前部向上突出地设置收纳电气安装部件35的隆起部32d、32e。
固定于车身底板36的下表面的第二底板横梁17，在上下方向观察下与外壳主体31的横梁31e以及盖32的凹部32a重叠(参照图3)。
关于这样构成的电池外壳20，将两根螺栓37从下向上贯通外壳主体31的左右两个第一固定部31f以及盖32的左右两个螺栓孔32b后，与设置于第二底板横梁17的上表面的两个螺母38螺合；并且，将左右各两根螺栓39从下向上贯通外壳主体31的左右各两个第二固定部31g以及盖32的左右各两个的螺栓孔32c后，与设置于左右的底板边梁15的上表面的各两个螺母40螺合，由此将该电池外壳20固定于车身底板36的下表面。
接下来，说明具备上述结构的本发明的实施方式的作用。
由外壳主体31以及盖32构成的电池外壳20是金属压铸件制的，因此将其第一、第二固定部31f、31g与外壳主体31一体地形成从而不仅能够削减部件数量、重量，通过在外壳主体31上一体形成横梁31e，还能够将部件数量、重量的增加抑制在最小限度，同时能够使外壳主体31的强度增加而提高侧面抗碰撞性能。
即，在与底板边梁15对置的电池外壳20的外壳主体31的外壳侧壁31d一体地形成前后两个第二固定部31g和连结壁31h，连结壁31h形成为与外壳侧壁31d对置的面形状并将两个第二固定部31g在前后方向连结，因此车辆发生侧面碰撞而碰撞载荷从底板边梁15传入电池外壳20的外壳主体31时，由两个第二固定部31g、连结壁31h以及外壳侧壁31d围成的空间被压扁，由此能够有效地吸收碰撞能量。
此时，第二固定部31g的车宽度方向外端位于比底板边梁15的车宽度方向外端靠车宽度方向内侧的位置，因此将侧面碰撞的碰撞载荷优先由底板边梁15支承，再将底板边梁无法承受的碰撞载荷由电池外壳20承受，由此能够将电池外壳20的损伤抑制在最小限度。
另外，第二固定部31g以及连结壁31h与金属压铸件制的外壳主体31一体地形成，因此不仅能够削减部件数量，也能够通过第二固定部31g以及连结壁31h提高外壳主体31的刚性。并且，外壳主体31具备在两个的第二固定部31g之间将外壳侧壁31d以及连结壁31h在车宽度方向连结的肋31i，因此，通过肋31i加强第二固定部31g以及连结壁31h从而能够进一步提高侧面抗碰撞性能。
进而，从外壳主体31的外壳侧壁31d向车宽度方向外侧突出的第二固定部31g由螺栓39以及螺母40固定于底板边梁15，因此通过侧面碰撞的碰撞载荷从底板边梁15直接传递到外壳主体31的横梁31e而进行支承，即使降低底板边梁15的强度实现轻型化也能够确保侧面抗碰撞性能。
另外，电池外壳20的盖32形成朝向外壳主体31的横梁31e向下凹陷的凹部32a，该凹部32a与车身的第二底板横梁17在上下方向观察下重叠，因此能够避免与第二底板横梁17的干涉的同时，还能够将电池外壳20配置于较高的位置，可以确保车辆的最低离地高度。
并且，在电池外壳20的盖32的上表面，形成收纳电池控制装置，连接板，单体电压传感器等电气安装部件35的隆起部32d、32e，该隆起部32d、32e在上下方向观察下配置于第一底板横梁16以及第二底板横梁17之间，因此能够避免与第一、第二底板横梁16、17的干涉的同时，还能够将具有隆起部32d、32e的电池外壳20搭载于车身。
另外，电池外壳20的外壳后壁31c位于比燃料箱23的前端部靠前方的位置，因此不使电池外壳2()向后方突出而能够确保后座的舒适性。
以上，说明了本发明的实施方式，但本发明在不脱离其主旨的范围内能够进行各种设计变更。
例如，第二固定部31g的数量不限定于实施方式的左右各两个，也可以是左右各3个以上。
在实施方式中电池外壳20的外壳主体31以及盖32均是金属压铸件制，但盖32无须一定是金属压铸件制的。

Claims (3)

1.一种电池外壳的固定结构，其将收容电动车辆的驱动用电池(34)的金属压铸件制的电池外壳(31)固定于车身的下部，
所述电池外壳的固定结构的特征在于：
所述电池外壳(31)的朝向车宽度方向外侧的外壳侧壁(31d)具备：
至少两个固定部(31g)，其向车宽度方向外侧突出并固定于车身；及
连结壁(31h)，其形成为与所述外壳侧壁(31d)对置的面形状并将至少两个所述固定部(31g)在前后方向连结，
所述固定部(31g)以及所述连结壁(31h)与所述电池外壳(31)一体地形成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电池外壳的固定结构，其特征在于：
所述电池外壳(31)具备肋(31i)，所述肋(31i)在两个所述固定部(31g)之间将所述外壳侧壁(31d)以及所述连结壁(31h)在车宽度方向连结。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的电池外壳的固定结构，其特征在于：
所述固定部(31g)固定于在前后方向延伸的底板边梁(15)，所述固定部(31g)的车宽度方向外端位于比所述底板边梁(15)的车宽度方向外端靠车宽度方向内侧的位置。
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