CN110558071A - Cutting seedling method for olive twigs - Google Patents
Cutting seedling method for olive twigs Download PDFInfo
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- CN110558071A CN110558071A CN201910973127.4A CN201910973127A CN110558071A CN 110558071 A CN110558071 A CN 110558071A CN 201910973127 A CN201910973127 A CN 201910973127A CN 110558071 A CN110558071 A CN 110558071A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/10—Aromatic or araliphatic carboxylic acids, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with a carbocyclic ring
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N45/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing compounds having three or more carbocyclic rings condensed among themselves, at least one ring not being a six-membered ring
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cutting seedling of olive twigs, which comprises the procedures of preparing a cutting bed, preparing a matrix, collecting cuttings, cutting and managing after cutting, wherein the prepared seedling matrix is filled into a non-woven fabric seedling bag and is tightly placed in the cutting bed, the newly extracted and semi-lignified olive twigs in the current year are collected as the cuttings and are disinfected, then the cuttings are treated by a rooting agent and are cut, a water soluble fertilizer is sprayed every 7 days after cutting until the height of the seedlings is more than 25cm, and finally, the management of water fertilizer and plant diseases and insect pests is carried out according to a conventional seedling method until the seedlings are out of a nursery. The invention takes the olive twigs as the cutting slips, has primary lignification, strong growth capability, short cultivation time, high and stable rooting rate of over 95 percent in 100 days of cutting, good quality of the cultivated nursery stock, high ratio of early opening and early bearing after transplanting and good economic, social and ecological benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of plant cultivation, and relates to a method for raising seedlings of olive twigs by cutting.
Background
The olive with high economic value is a famous woody tree and fruit tree species in the world, contains rich high-quality edible oil, namely olive oil, and is a famous subtropical fruit tree and an important economic forest. China starts to introduce the olive in batches and test planting from the 60 s of the 20 th century, and good economic and social benefits are obtained. The first introduction places are concentrated in southern Shaanxi, Szechwan basin, Yunnan and other inland areas, and the introduction of seeds is less. At present, with the progress of cultivation technology, the Shanghai, Jiangzhe and Huaihe river basin have the climatic and geographical conditions for planting the olea europaea, and a new opportunity is provided for the development of local agricultural industry.
With the continuous improvement of the living standard of people, the demand of the olive oil rich in nutrition is more and more. In recent years, the planting scale of the olea europaea is getting larger, but the olea europaea seed shell is hard, difficult to germinate and has variation, the pollination is poor under natural conditions, the embryo development is incomplete, and the breeding speed of the seedling is greatly reduced. Meanwhile, under the influence of various factors, the survival rate of the existing olive cutting propagation technology is not high, the quality of seedlings is not good enough, and particularly, the phenomena of no flowering and no fruiting appear after transplanting, and the seedlings can bloom and bear fruits after years generally, so that the forest land is seriously occupied, the planting enthusiasm of fruit growers is influenced, the popularization and the planting of the olives are not facilitated, and the development of the whole industry is restricted.
Disclosure of Invention
the invention overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides the method for raising seedlings by cutting the tender olive branches, which has high survival rate of cutting and rooting and good seedling quality.
in order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A method for raising seedlings of olive twigs by cutting comprises the procedures of preparing a cutting bed, preparing a matrix, collecting cuttings, cutting and managing after cutting, wherein the prepared seedling raising matrix is filled into a non-woven fabric seedling raising bag and is tightly placed in the cutting bed, the newly-extracted and semi-lignified olive twigs in the current year are collected to be used as the cuttings and are disinfected, then the seedlings are subjected to cutting after being treated by a rooting agent, water soluble fertilizer is sprayed every 7 days after cutting until the height of the seedlings is more than 25cm, and finally water fertilizer and pest and disease damage management is carried out according to a conventional seedling raising method until the seedlings are out of a nursery; the main operation steps are as follows:
(1) Preparing a cuttage bed: selecting a leeward and sunny place with good water permeability to build a cuttage bed, wherein the length and the width of the cuttage bed are 10-20 m multiplied by 1-1.2 m, and the cuttage bed is padded with stones or coarse sand; building a greenhouse with shading degree of 60-70% on the cutting bed;
(2) Preparing a substrate: putting the seedling substrate into a non-woven seedling bag with the thickness of 8cm multiplied by 12cm, and tightly placing the seedling substrate in a cutting bed; thoroughly spraying the seedling culture substrate, and controlling the water content of the seedling culture substrate in the seedling culture bag to 65-75% during cuttage; sterilizing the seedling culture substrate by potassium permanganate with the volume concentration of 0.5 percent 1 day before cuttage;
(3) And (3) cutting collection: collecting young branches of newly-extracted semi-lignified olive with the length of 6-10 cm and the diameter of more than 2.5mm in the current year as cuttings;
(4) And (3) cutting treatment: rapidly immersing the collected cutting slips into a treatment solution, carrying out disinfection treatment on the cutting slips for 15-20 min, and then cleaning the cutting slips with clear water for later use;
(5) cuttage: soaking the treated cutting slips in a rooting agent for 2-3 h, then mixing the rooting agent into a slurry state by using talcum powder, directly inserting the cutting slips into the seedling substrate prepared in the step (2) after dipping the slurry, wherein the cutting depth is 3-5 cm, and immediately watering thoroughly;
(6) Managing after cuttage: spraying a water-soluble fertilizer every 7 days after cuttage, and performing conventional watering management to keep the water content of the seedling culture substrate at 80-85%; controlling the relative humidity in the greenhouse to be 80-85% and the temperature to be 24-30 ℃ by spraying and moisturizing; and (4) removing the greenhouse when the seedlings are more than 25cm, stopping spraying the water-soluble fertilizer, and managing water fertilizer and plant diseases and insect pests according to a conventional seedling raising method until the seedlings are outplanted.
Preferably, the seedling substrate in the step (2) is prepared by uniformly mixing camphor tree leaves, coconut coir, loess, pumice and aloe according to the volume ratio of 3: 1: 4: 1: 0.5.
preferably, the treatment solution in the step (4) is a mixed solution of mancozeb with a volume concentration of 0.5%, potassium permanganate with a volume concentration of 0.5%, and absolute ethyl alcohol with a volume concentration of 2%.
Preferably, the rooting agent in the step (5) has the following raw material content: 50-100 mg/L, IBA 50-100 mg/L of NAA, 200mg/L of gibberellin, 50mg/L of nicotinic acid and 5-10 mg/L, Ca of biotin (NO)3)2•4H2O 1000～1600mg/L、KH2PO4 240mg/L and NH4H2PO4 100-130 mg/L, and adding sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH value of the rooting agent to 7.2-7.5.
Preferably, the water-soluble fertilizer prepared in the step (6) has the following raw material content: CaCl2 400mg/L、KNO3 400mg/L boric acid 30mg/L, NH4H2PO4 150-180 mg/L, 5-10 mg/L folic acid and 5-10 mg/L brassinolide.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and beneficial effects as follows:
1. According to the invention, the olive twigs are used as cutting slips, lignification is firstly shown, the growth capacity is strong, the cultivation time is short, the rooting rate reaches more than 95% in 100 days of cutting, and the rooting rate is high and stable; meanwhile, according to the growth characteristics of the olea europaea, technical measures such as a substrate proportion, a cutting processing method, a rooting agent formula, a fertilizer formula and the like are set, the cultivated nursery stock has good quality, the ratio of early cutting and early fruiting after transplanting is high, and the olive planting method has good economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefit.
2. The seedling raising substrate prepared by the invention has good ventilation and drainage performance, higher fertility and certain sterilization effect, avoids stem rot and root rot of the cuttage seedlings, and improves the cuttage survival rate.
3. Because the olea europaea is a high-fat tree species, terpenes, phenolic acids and other secondary biomasses are metabolized vigorously and are subjected to in-vitro cutting and rapid propagation, the branches are easy to have the problems of difficult healing, browning, decay and the like, the cutting slips are soaked by adopting the mixed solution of 0.5% mancozeb in volume concentration, 0.5% potassium permanganate in volume concentration and 2% absolute ethyl alcohol in volume concentration, the problems of difficult healing, easy decay and the like of the cutting slips can be effectively solved, and the cutting survival rate is further improved.
4. The rooting agent disclosed by the invention comprises growth hormone, a proper amount of mineral elements, hormones and the like, so that the rooting capacity and the root quality of the olive twig cuttage are improved, the seedlings grow rapidly and have strong adaptability, and the outplanting rate of the cuttage seedlings and the survival rate after transplantation are greatly improved.
5. the water soluble fertilizer comprises a large amount of mineral elements required by plant growth, and is matched with phenolic acid substances (folic acid) and promoters such as plant growth regulators, so that the growth of cutting slips can be ensured, the vitality of the cutting slips can be maintained, the rooting rate of cutting can be improved, the growth of overground parts of plants can be promoted, the seedlings are robust, and the seedling outplanting rate is high.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example 1:
Building a cuttage bed in a leeward and sunny place with good water permeability, wherein the length and width of the cuttage bed are 10-15 m multiplied by 1m, and the cuttage bed is underlaid by stones or coarse sand; and (3) building a greenhouse with shading degree of 60-65% on the cutting bed. The seedling substrate obtained by uniformly mixing camphor tree leaves, coconut coir, loess, pumice and aloe according to the volume ratio of 3: 1: 4: 1: 0.5 is filled into a non-woven seedling bag with the thickness of 8cm multiplied by 12cm and is tightly placed in a cuttage bed. Thoroughly spraying the seedling culture substrate, and controlling the water content of the seedling culture substrate in the seedling culture bag to be 65-70% during cuttage; and (3) disinfecting the seedling culture substrate by using potassium permanganate with the volume concentration of 0.5% 1 day before cuttage.
Collecting young branches of newly-extracted semi-lignified olive with the length of 6-10 cm and the diameter of more than 2.5mm in the current year as cuttings; quickly immersing the collected cutting slips into a mixed solution of mancozeb with the volume concentration of 0.5 percent, potassium permanganate with the volume concentration of 0.5 percent and absolute ethyl alcohol with the volume concentration of 2 percent, carrying out disinfection treatment on the cutting slips, soaking for 15min, and then cleaning the cutting slips by clear water for later use.
Soaking the treated cutting slips in a rooting agent for 2 hours, then mixing the rooting agent into a slurry state by using talcum powder, directly inserting the cutting slips into a prepared seedling substrate after dipping the slurry, wherein the cutting depth is 3-5 cm, and immediately watering thoroughly; the rooting agent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: NAA 50mg/L, IBA 100mg/L, gibberellin 200mg/L, nicotinic acid 50mg/L, biotin 5mg/L, Ca (NO)3)2•4H2O 1600mg/L、KH2PO4 240mg/L and NH4H2PO4 100mg/L, adding sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH value of the rooting agent to 7.2.
Spraying a water-soluble fertilizer every 7 days after cuttage, and performing conventional watering management to keep the water content of the seedling culture substrate at 80-85%; controlling the relative humidity in the greenhouse to be 80-85% and the temperature to be 24-26 ℃ by spraying and moisturizing; the water-soluble fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: CaCl2 400mg/L、KNO3 400mg/L boric acid 30mg/L, NH4H2PO4 150mg/L, folic acid 5mg/L and brassinolide 5 mg/L. And (4) removing the greenhouse when the seedlings are more than 25cm, stopping spraying the water-soluble fertilizer, and managing water fertilizer and plant diseases and insect pests according to a conventional seedling raising method until the seedlings are outplanted. After 3 months of cuttage, the survival rate of the olive seedlings is counted to be 96.8%.
example 2:
Building a cuttage bed in a leeward and sunny place with good water permeability, wherein the length and width of the cuttage bed are 15-18 m multiplied by 1m, and the cuttage bed is underlaid by stones or coarse sand; and (3) building a greenhouse with shading degree of 65-70% on the cutting bed. The seedling substrate obtained by uniformly mixing camphor tree leaves, coconut coir, loess, pumice and aloe according to the volume ratio of 3: 1: 4: 1: 0.5 is filled into a non-woven seedling bag with the thickness of 8cm multiplied by 12cm and is tightly placed in a cuttage bed. The seedling raising substrate is thoroughly sprayed, and the water content of the seedling raising substrate in the seedling raising bag is controlled to be 70-75% during cuttage; and (3) disinfecting the seedling culture substrate by using potassium permanganate with the volume concentration of 0.5% 1 day before cuttage.
collecting young branches of newly-extracted semi-lignified olive with the length of 6-10 cm and the diameter of more than 2.5mm in the current year as cuttings; quickly immersing the collected cutting slips into a mixed solution of mancozeb with the volume concentration of 0.5 percent, potassium permanganate with the volume concentration of 0.5 percent and absolute ethyl alcohol with the volume concentration of 2 percent, carrying out disinfection treatment on the cutting slips, soaking for 18min, and then cleaning the cutting slips by clear water for later use.
Soaking the treated cutting slips in a rooting agent for 2.5h, then mixing the rooting agent into a slurry state by using talcum powder, directly inserting the cutting slips into a prepared seedling substrate after dipping the slurry, wherein the cutting depth is 3-5 cm, and immediately watering thoroughly; the rooting agent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: NAA 60mg/L, IBA 80mg/L, gibberellin 200mg/L, nicotinic acid 50mg/L, biotin 8mg/L, Ca (NO)3)2•4H2O 1500mg/L、KH2PO4 240mg/L and NH4H2PO4 110mg/L, and adding sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH value of the rooting agent to 7.2.
Spraying a water-soluble fertilizer every 7 days after cuttage, and performing conventional watering management to keep the water content of the seedling culture substrate at 80-85%; controlling the relative humidity in the greenhouse to be 80-85% and the temperature to be 26-28 ℃ by spraying and moisturizing; the water-soluble fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: CaCl2 400mg/L、KNO3 400mg/L boric acid 30mg/L, NH4H2PO4 160mg/L, folic acid 8mg/L and brassinolide 10 mg/L. And (4) removing the greenhouse when the seedlings are more than 25cm, stopping spraying the water-soluble fertilizer, and managing water fertilizer and plant diseases and insect pests according to a conventional seedling raising method until the seedlings are outplanted. After 3 months of cuttage, the survival rate of the olive seedlings is calculated to be 97.2%.
Example 3:
Building a cuttage bed in a leeward and sunny place with good water permeability, wherein the length and width of the cuttage bed are 18-20 m multiplied by 1.2m, and the cuttage bed is padded with stones or coarse sand; and (3) building a greenhouse with shading degree of 65-70% on the cutting bed. The seedling substrate obtained by uniformly mixing camphor tree leaves, coconut coir, loess, pumice and aloe according to the volume ratio of 3: 1: 4: 1: 0.5 is filled into a non-woven seedling bag with the thickness of 8cm multiplied by 12cm and is tightly placed in a cuttage bed. Thoroughly spraying the seedling culture substrate, and controlling the water content of the seedling culture substrate in the seedling culture bag to be 65-70% during cuttage; and (3) disinfecting the seedling culture substrate by using potassium permanganate with the volume concentration of 0.5% 1 day before cuttage.
Collecting young branches of newly-extracted semi-lignified olive with the length of 6-10 cm and the diameter of more than 2.5mm in the current year as cuttings; quickly immersing the collected cutting slips into a mixed solution of mancozeb with the volume concentration of 0.5 percent, potassium permanganate with the volume concentration of 0.5 percent and absolute ethyl alcohol with the volume concentration of 2 percent, carrying out disinfection treatment on the cutting slips, soaking for 20min, and then cleaning the cutting slips by clear water for later use.
Soaking the treated cutting slips in a rooting agent for 3 hours, then mixing the rooting agent into a slurry state by using talcum powder, directly inserting the cutting slips into a prepared seedling substrate after dipping the slurry, wherein the cutting depth is 3-5 cm, and immediately watering thoroughly; the rooting agent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: NAA 100mg/L, IBA 50mg/L, gibberellin 200mg/L, nicotinic acid 50mg/L, biotin 10mg/L, Ca (NO)3)2•4H2O 1000mg/L、KH2PO4 240mg/L and NH4H2PO4 130mg/L, and adding sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH value of the rooting agent to 7.5.
Spraying a water-soluble fertilizer every 7 days after cuttage, and performing conventional watering management to keep the water content of the seedling culture substrate at 80-85%; controlling the relative humidity in the greenhouse to be 80-85% and the temperature to be 28-30 ℃ by spraying and moisturizing; the water-soluble fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: CaCl2 400mg/L、KNO3 400mg/L boric acid 30mg/L, NH4H2PO4 180mg/L, folic acid 10mg/L and brassinolide 6 mg/L. And (4) removing the greenhouse when the seedlings are more than 25cm, stopping spraying the water-soluble fertilizer, and managing water fertilizer and plant diseases and insect pests according to a conventional seedling raising method until the seedlings are outplanted. After 3 months of cuttage, the survival rate of the olive seedlings is calculated to be 95.9%.
Claims (5)
1. A method for raising seedlings of olive twigs by cutting is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of preparing a cutting bed, preparing a substrate, collecting cutting shoots, cutting and managing after cutting, wherein the prepared seedling substrate is filled into a non-woven fabric seedling culture bag and is tightly placed in the cutting bed, newly extracted and semi-lignified young olive branches in the current year are collected to be used as cutting shoots and are subjected to disinfection treatment, then the cutting is carried out after the treatment of a rooting agent, water soluble fertilizer is sprayed every 7 days after the cutting until the height of the seedlings is more than 25cm, and finally, the management of water fertilizer and plant diseases and insect pests is carried out according to a conventional seedling culture method until the seedlings are out of a nursery; the main operation steps are as follows:
(1) Preparing a cuttage bed: selecting a leeward and sunny place with good water permeability to build a cuttage bed, wherein the length and the width of the cuttage bed are 10-20 m multiplied by 1-1.2 m, and the cuttage bed is padded with stones or coarse sand; building a greenhouse with shading degree of 60-70% on the cutting bed;
(2) preparing a substrate: filling the seedling substrate into a non-woven seedling bag with the thickness of 8cm multiplied by 12cm, and tightly placing the seedling substrate in a cutting bed; thoroughly spraying the seedling culture substrate, and controlling the water content of the seedling culture substrate in the seedling culture bag to 65-75% during cuttage; sterilizing the seedling culture substrate by potassium permanganate with the volume concentration of 0.5 percent 1 day before cuttage;
(3) And (3) cutting collection: collecting young branches of newly-extracted semi-lignified olive with the length of 6-10 cm and the diameter of more than 2.5mm in the current year as cuttings;
(4) And (3) cutting treatment: rapidly soaking the collected cutting slips into the prepared treatment liquid, carrying out disinfection treatment on the cutting slips for 15-20 min, and then cleaning the cutting slips with clear water for later use;
(5) Cuttage: soaking the treated cutting slips in a rooting agent for 2-3 h, then mixing the rooting agent into a slurry state by using talcum powder, directly inserting the cutting slips into the seedling substrate prepared in the step (2) after dipping the slurry, wherein the cutting depth is 3-5 cm, and immediately watering thoroughly;
(6) Managing after cuttage: spraying a water-soluble fertilizer every 7 days after cuttage, and performing conventional watering management to keep the water content of the seedling culture substrate at 80-85%; controlling the relative humidity in the greenhouse to be 80-85% and the temperature to be 24-30 ℃ by spraying and moisturizing; and (4) removing the greenhouse when the seedlings are more than 25cm, stopping spraying the water-soluble fertilizer, and managing water fertilizer and plant diseases and insect pests according to a conventional seedling raising method until the seedlings are outplanted.
2. The method for raising seedlings of olive twigs by cutting as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the seedling substrate in the step (2) is obtained by uniformly mixing camphor tree leaves, coconut coir, loess, pumice and aloe according to the volume ratio of 3: 1: 4: 1: 0.5.
3. The method for raising seedlings of olive twigs by cutting as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the treatment solution in the step (4) is a mixed solution of mancozeb with a volume concentration of 0.5%, potassium permanganate with a volume concentration of 0.5% and absolute ethyl alcohol with a volume concentration of 2%.
4. The method for raising seedlings of olive twigs by cutting as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the rooting agent in the step (5) comprises the following raw materials: 50-100 mg/L, IBA 50-100 mg/L of NAA, 200mg/L of gibberellin, 50mg/L of nicotinic acid and 5-10 mg/L, Ca of biotin (NO)3)2•4H2O 1000～1600mg/L、KH2PO4 240mg/L and NH4H2PO4 100-130 mg/L, and adding sodium hydroxide solution to adjust the pH value of the rooting agent to 7.2-7.5.
5. The method for raising seedlings of olive twigs by cutting as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the water-soluble fertilizer prepared in the step (6) comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: CaCl2 400mg/L、KNO3 400mg/L boric acid 30mg/L, NH4H2PO4 150-180 mg/L, 5-10 mg/L folic acid and 5-10 mg/L brassinolide.
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