CN110352804A - A kind of acclimatization and transplants method of savatier monochasma herb - Google Patents
A kind of acclimatization and transplants method of savatier monochasma herb Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of acclimatization and transplants methods of savatier monochasma herb, using savatier monochasma herb tissue culture rooted seedling as test material, conduct a research respectively from several respects such as bottle seedling domestication transition method, shade moisturizing processing, transplanting medium screening, the proportion of matrix, retain water and nutrients management of taking root.The survival rate for solving the hardening phase transition of savatier monochasma herb rooted seedling and being transplanted in container is low, transplant the technical problem of growth adaptability difference, savatier monochasma herb rooted seedling for happiness sun provides suitable hardening technology, it is set smoothly to spend the hardening phase, by selecting good cultivating container, cultivation matrix and water and fertilizer management mode further provide good growing environment for the savatier monochasma herb seedling of transplanting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of agricultural cultivation, the acclimatization and transplants method of specially a kind of savatier monochasma herb.
Background technique
Savatier monochasma herb (latin name: Monochasma sheareri Maxim.ex Franch.et savat.) is Scrophulariaceae
The herbaceos perennial that savatier monochasma herb belongs to, is distributed mainly on the ground such as Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Hunan.Savatier monochasma herb has clear
Thermal detoxification, wind-expelling pain-stopping, cooling blood and hemostasis and other effects are the civil common Wild Medicinal herbal medicine of many provinces of south China,
It is the raw medicinal material of some Chinese patent drugs, market dosage increases in recent years, and wild resource is limited, and power of regeneration is poor, in addition a large amount of
The market demand cause transition to be excavated so that savatier monochasma herb wild resource is deficient at present.
The cultivation of savatier monochasma herb Artificial facilities is to solve traditional Chinese medicinal material raw materials supply, while protecting the wild resource for being on the verge of exhaustion important
Means, while there is white fluff on its surface of savatier monochasma herb, unique outlook, branch ability is strong, has good ornamental value, in addition it is certainly
The pharmacologic action of body has great commercial value as potting medicinal material potted landscape.
Researcher has found suspend mode and the Germination characteristics of pilose antler grass seed in the prior art, and carrying out savatier monochasma herb includes kind
The research of various Propagation Methods including son breeding, Yang Yezheng et al. (" suspend mode and sprouting of pilose antler grass seed ", Yang Ye just etc.,
" seed ", in March, 2009) find that pilose antler grass seed has hibernation feature, pilose antler grass seed sprouts the requirement to environmental condition,
Dormant state can be handled by low temperature wet storage or gibberellin processing is broken, wherein being handled with gibberellin most easy and quick-acting.Chen Yi
Virtue et al. (" gibberellin concentration and temperature study Herba monochasmatis Seed Germination ", Chen Yifang etc., " Chinese medicine ", 2018
May in year) Herba monochasmatis seed sprouting suitable condition is disclosed, pilose antler grass seed is after 800mg/L gibberellin impregnates 24 hours
Gradually narrow germination is fast, germination percentage is high in 25 DEG C of days, emergence is neat.(" different disinfectants and various concentration hormone are to savatier monochasma herb by Wang Ying et al.
Explant induction research ", Wang Ying etc., " modern horticultural ", in June, 2018) with the wild pilose antler grass blade section in Ganzhou Xinfeng County and
Seed is material, and it is external in the different disposal time to have studied the different disinfectants such as 75% alcohol, 0.1% mercuric chloride, 2% sodium hypochlorite
The Disinfection Effect of implant.Lang Xiao equality (" influence of sterilizing methods and culture substrate to Herba monochasmatis germination ", Lang Xiaoping
Deng " Zhejiang Agriculture science ", in January, 2019) different sterilizing methods and culture substrate are had studied to Herba monochasmatis germination
Influence, disclose that seed chlorination 3h effect is preferable, the 1/2MS culture medium of the sucrose containing 20gL-1 can satisfy Sharpe deer
Fine and soft grass seed is sprouted and the demand of growth of seedling.Yang Ye it is just equal (Yang Ye just etc., " and start from the Herba monochasmatis of root induction from
Body culture and plant regeneration ", " Plant Physiology Communications ", in July, 2009) have studied savatier monochasma herb internode and root induction adventitious bud shape
At regeneration plant.A kind of " the quick breeding side of savatier monochasma herb suspension cell culture Liu Dongfeng etc. (CN104221878A) Zeng Faming
Method ", the induction of acquisition, callus including aseptic blade, the culture of suspension cell.Jiang Xinyu etc. (CN104782367A) people
Once invention " artificial cultivation method of savatier monochasma herb ", construction, breeding, plant, field management, harvesting including planting base plus
Work and storage the methods of are reserved seed for planting.
The research of the prior art only sets foot in the hardening phase transition in the various propagation methods of savatier monochasma herb, for savatier monochasma herb rooted seedling
Be transplanted to further nursery in container, the research during this almost without, and this period be the key that influence planting percent when
Phase, once not managing, it is very low to may result in early period fast numerous plant percent, can not continue to be transplanted to crop field or seedling
Garden.It would therefore be highly desirable to which the seedling-raising technique for solving the hardening phase transition of savatier monochasma herb rooted seedling and being transplanted in container, including savatier monochasma herb are raw
The hardening technology of offspring, the screening of planting matrix, the key technologies such as water and fertilizer management after transplanting.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of acclimatization and transplants method of savatier monochasma herb, the savatier monochasma herb rooted seedling for happiness sun is provided
Suitable hardening technology, makes it smoothly spend the hardening phase, by selecting good cultivating container, cultivation matrix and water and fertilizer management side
Formula further provides good growing environment for the savatier monochasma herb seedling of transplanting.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
A kind of acclimatization and transplants method of savatier monochasma herb, comprising the following steps:
(1) greenhouse hardening: savatier monochasma herb rooted seedling is put greenhouse hardening 30 days or so；
(2) matrix prepares: matrix is made of pine needle, turfy soil, river sand, and wherein pine needle needs decomposed in advance；
(3) mixed-matrix: pine needle, turfy soil, river sand are mixed according to 1-2:1-2:1-3 volume ratio respectively；
(4) transplant: selection rigid container is packed into the matrix mixed；The seedling of hardening is planted in matrix；
(5) moisture-keeping, fertilizer-keeping: moisturizing is covered with pine needle and film；Balance fertilizer is applied after one month.
Further, greenhouse hardening: being covered for first 3 days with 90% shading screen, first using 75% shading screen replacement 90% after 3 days
Shading screen first replaces 75% shading screen using 50% shading screen after 8 days, removes shading screen after 15 days and receive natural light by it.
Further, pine needle, turfy soil, river sand are mixed according to 1:1:3 volume ratio respectively.
Further, the decomposed method of pine needle are as follows: the partial size that it is length 2-4cm that pine needle, which crushes, by the way of stacking fermentation,
EM bacterium solution is uniformly sprayed and is inoculated in pine needle surface, is stirred, temperature is controlled at 25-35 DEG C, water content 50-60%, ferments
8-15 days.
Further, the partial size that it is length 3cm that pine needle, which crushes, control temperature are fermented 10 days in 35 DEG C, water content 50%.
Further, moisture-keeping, fertilizer-keeping: covering moisturizing with pine needle and film in 7 days after plantation, removes film reservation after 7 days
Pine needle is on surface；2000 times of balance fertilizers are applied after one month.
Further, when transplanting, the seedling of accompanying plant, herba digitariae or yellow Cape jasmine may be selected or moss is planted together, association is planted
Object seedling is unsuitable excessively high excessive, does not influence savatier monochasma herb illumination.
Further, it during container nursery, should not all be pulled out with the plant of savatier monochasma herb seedling association, it is appropriate to dredge
It cuts.
Further, savatier monochasma herb rooted seedling is preferably that cotyledon whitens, seedling length 4-5cm, fibrous root quantity 2-3 root.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1. savatier monochasma herb sun plant, thus greenhouse hardening is particularly important to savatier monochasma herb rooted seedling, needs gradually transition, allows children
Seedling gradually adapts to illumination, and shading screen degree of shading is too low, and rooted seedling is easy to be burnt, and causes seedling adaptation light capabilities poor, early period
Survival rate is low, therefore gradually to replace shading screen, receives it gradually and adapts to intense light irradiation, by testing it was also found that preceding
Phase is also unfavorable for the survival of savatier monochasma herb rooted seedling using 90% shading screen overlong time, thus at first 3 days with 90% shade square
Firmly, after 3 days draping better effect, draping also result in not in time later period savatier monochasma herb rooted seedling adapt to light capabilities it is not strong, at
Motility rate reduces.
2. matrix is a kind of for fixing cultivated crop, the basic substance of crop root moisture and nutrition is provided.Matrix
Total porosity determines the quality of the permeability of matrix, to influence the supply and absorption and plant itself of moisture, nutrient
Growth, the content of organic matter is the main source of plant nutrient in matrix, can promote the growth and development of plant.It is raw by field
Border investigation, it was noted that wild savatier monochasma herb is all grown in, silt content is biggish to have a small amount of fertile soil to tailo, and earth's surface has on a small quantity
The covering of dry branches and fallen leaves object, and by field investigation it has been found that pine needle is the magaphanerophytes of the tasted association of wild savatier monochasma herb,
Thus we attempt that river sand is added in matrix in later period test, combine it with different matrix components, have obtained best
The savatier monochasma herb seedling replanting matrix formulations of proportion, i.e. pine needle, turfy soil, river sand are mixed according to 1:1:3 volume ratio respectively, at
Motility rate and each index of two Growths be all remarkably higher than other in be used alone it is one of or two kinds of substrate combinations other
Experimental example illustrates when pine needle: turfy soil: when river sand mixing match, can play synergistic technical effect.
3.EM bacterium is that a kind of Mixed Microbes generally comprise photosynthetic bacteria, saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria etc. beneficial to mushroom, and can ferment has
Machine fertilizer, agricultural waste material etc., faster than spontaneous fermentation speed.Therefore, the present invention attempts the pine needle that fermented with EM bacterium, and test proves
It is with preferable ferment effect, conducive to the growth of savatier monochasma herb seedling.And by comparative test it was found that pine needle matrix passes through
Can grow to savatier monochasma herb after decomposed fermentation have significant facilitation, wherein when decomposed treatment conditions: temperature is at 35 DEG C, water content
50%, the better effect of fermentation 10 days, pine needle contains a large amount of cellulose, after being fermented by EM bacterium, hole of the pine needle in matrix
Porosity increases, when mixed-matrix as savatier monochasma herb, the pine needle after fermentation with good gas permeability and preservation capacity of water and fertility, and
Savatier monochasma herb has the habit of happiness loosing soil, provides good cultivation matrix environment for savatier monochasma herb root growth.
4. the partial size that it is length 3cm that pine needle, which crushes, can be provided by the way of stacking fermentation for savatier monochasma herb mixed-matrix
More preferably porosity and organic matter, savatier monochasma herb likes the environment of loosing soil, and can provide after crushing fermentation with pine needle for it good
Good voidage, and also there is retain water and nutrients effect.
5. selecting hardening container effect in container planting process since savatier monochasma herb is semiparasite herbaceos perennial
More preferable than softening container effect, we show that rigid container nursery has facilitation effect to savatier monochasma herb growth by experiment, and
Savatier monochasma herb seedling percent is also significantly greater than flexible container after being transplanted 1 year using rigid container.Illustrate with semiparasite characteristic
The root development of perennial savatier monochasma herb is suitable for that rigid container is selected to cultivate.
6. covering pine needle and/film can preferably play the role of retain water and nutrients, and after planting in 7 days with pine needle and
Film covers moisturizing, and removing film reservation pine needle after 7 days has very significantly savatier monochasma herb later period survival rate and growth amount on surface
Effect, pine needle covering surface can provide the function of moisture-keeping, fertilizer-keeping for soil, and the last week is transplanting survival rate more key
In period, so pine needle covering+film covering can play the effect of collaboration, coverage mode effect a kind of than single use is more excellent.
7. we have found that the savatier monochasma herb for seeking connections with ability with root likes association in research, when transplanting, we select suitable
Preferably planted together with the plant of savatier monochasma herb root association, herba digitariae or yellow Cape jasmine or moss.By comparison, with herba digitariae or yellow Cape jasmine or moss
Association transplanting, accompanying plant seedling is unsuitable excessively high excessive, does not influence savatier monochasma herb illumination i.e. and can promote savatier monochasma herb growth.
8. we have found that the savatier monochasma herb for seeking connections with ability with root likes association in research, when transplanting, we select suitable
Preferably planted together with the plant of savatier monochasma herb root association, herba digitariae or yellow Cape jasmine or moss.By with herba digitariae or yellow Cape jasmine or moss association
Transplanting can promote savatier monochasma herb growth, and transplanting took out container after 1 year, observation discovery savatier monochasma herb root it is visible with herba digitariae or yellow Cape jasmine or
Moss root is grown nonparasitically upon another plant together, and compared with not accompanying plant reference examples, accompanying plant can promote savatier monochasma herb root development, fibrous root
Number dramatically increases, and main root growing way is more sturdy.Furthermore it has been found that savatier monochasma herb root likes seeking connections with other dry branches and fallen leaves or companion
Plant root system, once extracting these accompanying plants during the growth process, savatier monochasma herb seedling is easily dead.
9. by the tissue-cultured seedling obtained in laboratory, when our selection of seedling before hardening, comparative experiments has also been made, i.e.,
Savatier monochasma herb rooted seedling is preferably that cotyledon whitens, seedling length 4-5cm, fibrous root quantity 2-3 root, as shown in Figure 2, because, pilose antler
Grass roots portion is more fragile, interferes vulnerable to external environment and influences later period transplanting survival rate, passes through selection, it has been found that above-mentioned growing way
Preferable high-quality seedling optimum transplanting, survival rate are significantly higher than other rooted seedlings.
Detailed description of the invention
The tissue culture rooted seedling of Fig. 1 savatier monochasma herb hardening
Fig. 2 savatier monochasma herb rooted seedling root system development schematic diagram
Fig. 3 savatier monochasma herb rooted seedling root system development schematic diagram
The photo of Fig. 4 savatier monochasma herb and accompanying plant syntrophism
The photo of Fig. 5 savatier monochasma herb and accompanying plant syntrophism
The photo of Fig. 6 savatier monochasma herb and accompanying plant syntrophism
Fig. 7 savatier monochasma herb root system seeks connections with the photo of accompanying plant root system
Fig. 8 pulls out the photo of savatier monochasma herb death after aulophyte
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that retouched
The embodiment stated is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, originally
Field those of ordinary skill every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, belongs to the present invention
The range of protection.
Embodiment 1
A kind of acclimatization and transplants method of savatier monochasma herb, comprises the steps of:
(1) greenhouse hardening: putting greenhouse hardening 30 days for savatier monochasma herb rooted seedling, is covered with 90% shading screen within first 3 days, after 3 days
90% shading screen is first replaced using 75% shading screen, 75% shading screen is first replaced using 50% shading screen after 8 days, is removed after 15 days
Shading screen receives natural light by it；
(2) Screening matrix: matrix is made of pine needle, turfy soil, river sand, and wherein pine needle needs decomposed in advance；
(3) mixed-matrix: pine needle, turfy soil, river sand are mixed according to 1:1:3 volume ratio respectively；Pine needle therein is decomposed
Method are as follows: EM bacterium solution is uniformly sprayed by the way of stacking fermentation and be inoculated in pine needle by the partial size that it is length 3cm that pine needle, which crushes,
Surface is stirred, and control temperature is fermented 10 days in 35 DEG C, water content 50%.
(4) transplant: selection rigid container is packed into the matrix mixed；The seedling of hardening is planted in matrix；
(5) moisture-keeping, fertilizer-keeping: covering moisturizing with pine needle and film in 7 days after plantation, removes film reservation pine needle after 7 days and exists
2000 times of balance fertilizers are applied on surface after one month.
The different hardening Shading treatment methods of experiment one take root the influence of shoot survival percent to savatier monochasma herb
Carry out in March, 2017 and test, test material is with the stem of the wild pilose antler straw cord axillary bud in Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province Xinfeng County
The tissue culture rooted seedling of section induction breeding is test material, is experimental field located at Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province Jiangxi environmental project Professional School temperature
Room nursery.Using different shading screens to savatier monochasma herb rooted seedling carry out hardening treatment, 3 repetitions of each processing, 20 plants of each repetition,
Survival rate, survival rate therein=survive quantity/plantation total quantity are investigated after all processing hardening phases.
Experimental example 1
Savatier monochasma herb rooted seedling is put greenhouse hardening 20 days or so, is covered with 90% shading screen within first 3 days, is first used after 3 days
75% shading screen replaces 90% shading screen, first replaces 75% shading screen using 50% shading screen after 8 days, removes shading screen after 15 days
It is allowed to receive natural light.
Experimental example 2
Savatier monochasma herb rooted seedling is put greenhouse hardening 20 days or so, is covered with 90% shading screen within first 5 days, is first used after 5 days
75% shading screen replaces 90% shading screen, first replaces 75% shading screen using 50% shading screen after 10 days, removes shade after 15 days
Net receives natural light by it.
Experimental example 3
Savatier monochasma herb rooted seedling is put greenhouse hardening 20 days or so, is covered with 90% shading screen within first 8 days, is first used after 8 days
75% shading screen replaces 90% shading screen, first replaces 75% shading screen using 50% shading screen after 10 days, removes shade after 15 days
Net receives natural light by it.
Experimental example 4
Savatier monochasma herb rooted seedling is put into greenhouse hardening 30 days, is covered with 90% shading screen within first 3 days, is first hidden using 75% after 3 days
Shade net 90% shading screen of replacement, first replaces 75% shading screen using 50% shading screen after 8 days, removes shading screen after 15 days and connect by it
By natural light.
Experimental example 5
Savatier monochasma herb rooted seedling is put greenhouse hardening 30 days or so, is covered with 90% shading screen within first 3 days, is first used after 3 days
75% shading screen replaces 90% shading screen, first replaces 75% shading screen using 50% shading screen after 8 days, removes shading screen after 20 days
It is allowed to receive natural light.
Experimental example 6
Savatier monochasma herb rooted seedling is put greenhouse hardening 30 days or so, is covered with 90% shading screen within first 3 days, is first used after 3 days
75% shading screen replaces 90% shading screen, first replaces 75% shading screen using 50% shading screen after 10 days, removes shade after 15 days
Net receives natural light by it.
Experimental example 7
Savatier monochasma herb rooted seedling is put greenhouse hardening 30 days or so, is covered with 90% shading screen within first 3 days, is first used after 3 days
75% shading screen replaces 90% shading screen, first replaces 75% shading screen using 50% shading screen after 10 days, removes shade after 20 days
Net receives natural light by it.
Experimental example 8
Savatier monochasma herb rooted seedling is put greenhouse hardening 30 days or so, is covered with 90% shading screen within first 5 days, is first used after 5 days
75% shading screen replaces 90% shading screen, first replaces 75% shading screen using 50% shading screen after 8 days, removes shading screen after 15 days
It is allowed to receive natural light.
Experimental example 9
Savatier monochasma herb rooted seedling is put greenhouse hardening 30 days or so, is covered with 90% shading screen within first 5 days, is first used after 5 days
75% shading screen replaces 90% shading screen, first replaces 75% shading screen using 50% shading screen after 10 days, removes shade after 15 days
Net receives natural light by it.
Experimental example 10
Savatier monochasma herb rooted seedling is put greenhouse hardening 30 days or so, is covered with 90% shading screen within first 5 days, is first used after 5 days
75% shading screen replaces 90% shading screen, first replaces 75% shading screen using 50% shading screen after 10 days, removes shade after 20 days
Net receives natural light by it.
Reference examples 1
Savatier monochasma herb rooted seedling is put greenhouse hardening 20 days or so, is covered with 90% shading screen within first 5 days, is first used after 5 days
55% shading screen replaces 90% shading screen, removes shading screen after 15 days and receives natural light by it.
Reference examples 2
Savatier monochasma herb rooted seedling is put greenhouse hardening 30 days or so, is covered with 90% shading screen within first 5 days, is first used after 5 days
55% shading screen replaces 90% shading screen, removes shading screen after 20 days and receives natural light by it.
Reference examples 3
Savatier monochasma herb rooted seedling is put greenhouse hardening 20 days or so, is covered with 90% shading screen within first 5 days, is first used after 5 days
75% shading screen replaces 90% shading screen, removes shading screen after 15 days and receives natural light by it.
Reference examples 4
Savatier monochasma herb rooted seedling is put greenhouse hardening 30 days or so, is covered with 90% shading screen within first 5 days, is first used after 5 days
75% shading screen replaces 90% shading screen, removes shading screen after 20 days and receives natural light by it.
Experimental result:As shown in table 1, in the comparative experiments that different Shading treatments influence savatier monochasma herb survival rate, shade
The difference of processing shows different survival rates, wherein experimental example 4 domestication transition method acclimatization and transplants survival rate most
Height, up to 90.56%, there are extremely significant differences with the method for reference examples 1-4, and with experimental example 1-3, there is also aobvious by experimental example 8-10
Write difference.
As it can be seen that with the increase of hardening time, its transplanting survival rate is consequently increased in the hardening domestication of rooted seedling.And
Shading screen of transition of relative comparison example 1-4, the survival rate of the experimental example 1-10 of transition twice is higher, i.e., savatier monochasma herb is taken root
Seedling is put greenhouse hardening 30 days or so, is covered with 90% shading screen within first 3 days, first using 75% shading screen replacement, 90% shade after 3 days
Net first replaces 75% shading screen using 50% shading screen after 8 days, removes shading screen after 15 days by it and receive natural light, survival rate
Most preferably.Shown in table 1, it is important research discovery of the invention that the different times of hardening, which are used without the shading screen of degree of shading, wherein
It was covered at first 3 days with 90% shading screen, the effect of draping is more excellent after 3 days, than the high survival rate of draping behind 5 days or 8 days, explanation
The hardening period of savatier monochasma herb, 90% shading screen of more early replacement are more conducive to take exercise nursery stock to the adaptability of illumination.
Influence of the different Shading treatments of table 1 to savatier monochasma herb survival rate
| Experiment number | Average survival (%) | 5% level of signifiance | 1% level of signifiance |
| Experimental example 1 | 61.62 | b | AB |
| Experimental example 2 | 61.45 | b | AB |
| Experimental example 3 | 60.09 | b | AB |
| Experimental example 4 | 90.56 | a | A |
| Experimental example 5 | 75.13 | ab | AB |
| Experimental example 6 | 84.42 | ab | AB |
| Experimental example 7 | 85.35 | ab | AB |
| Experimental example 8 | 61.47 | b | AB |
| Experimental example 9 | 60.63 | b | AB |
| Experimental example 10 | 60.58 | b | AB |
| Reference examples 1 | 37.75 | c | B |
| Reference examples 2 | 47.24 | c | B |
| Reference examples 3 | 34.46 | c | B |
| Reference examples 4 | 46.53 | c | B |
Two different substrates formulas are tested to the comparative experiments of savatier monochasma herb increment
Currently, the domestic matrix more commonly used to savatier monochasma herb cultivation base Quality Research have peat, perlite, river sand, sawdust,
Fertile soil etc..Since wild savatier monochasma herb is all grown in, silt content is biggish to have a small amount of fertile soil to tailo, and earth's surface has a small amount of
The covering of dry branches and fallen leaves object, and by field investigation it has been found that pine needle is the magaphanerophytes of the tasted association of wild savatier monochasma herb, because
This, this experiment is attempted to be used as matrix component using pine needle, that is, study the river sand of different proportion, turfy soil, pine needle matrix proportion
Influence to savatier monochasma herb increment, while also compared individually or two-by-two effect of the above-mentioned matrix as cultivation matrix.It is wherein every
3 repetitions of a processing, 20 plants of each repetition observe savatier monochasma herb respectively and survive feelings after plantation 20 days, after plantation 2 months respectively
Condition, and savatier monochasma herb aerial growth height and germinating and Plant weight are counted after measuring 2 months.Specific cultural method is same
Embodiment 1, only substrate composition reference table 2 therein is replaced accordingly (does not need operation to implement if not selecting pine needle
The pine needle of 1 step 3 of example is decomposed).
The selection table of 2 different substrates formula of table
Experimental result:
By table 3 it is found that bad with turfy soil planting effect, the later period is all dead, is mixed with turfy soil with river sand, pine needle
It is opposite with river sand mixed planting survival rate preferable, but the increment and germinating planted with water plant and river sand are all not enough managed
Think.When pine needle in experimental example 26: turfy soil: river sand according to 1:1:3 volume ratio mixing match when, more conducively savatier monochasma herb survives
And the accumulation of late growth amount.By the independent matrix of experimental example 11-14, matrix mixing comparison is found experimental example 15-23 two-by-two,
When pine needle: turfy soil: after river sand mixes, the effect of survival rate and growth amount is more excellent, and better than exclusive use one of which or two
Kind of substrate combination, 26 pine needle of experimental example therein: turfy soil: river sand according to 1:1:3 volume ratio mixing match, survival rate,
And two each index of Growth be all remarkably higher than other in other one of or two kinds of substrate combinations experiments are used alone
Example, illustrates when pine needle: turfy soil: when river sand mixing match, can play synergistic technical effect.
Influence of the 3 different substrates formula of table to savatier monochasma herb survival rate and increment
Test the influence that the decomposed fermentation of three pine needles and pine needle covering moisturizing grow savatier monochasma herb
During experiment obtains the cultivation matrix proportion of suitable savatier monochasma herb growth, it has been found that, pine needle is decomposed can
Further to provide more sufficient nutrient for savatier monochasma herb growth of seedling, savatier monochasma herb increment is improved, and is transplanted to the deer in container
Fine and soft grass, prophase management most importantly moisturizing and heat preservation, therefore, film has also been attempted in we and pine needle covers two kinds of processing modes
Influence to savatier monochasma herb growth.
Influence of the different decomposed conditions (temperature, humidity, fermentation time) of this experiment discussion to increment after savatier monochasma herb transplanting.
Specific cultural method is with embodiment 1, and only decomposed treatment conditions reference table 4 therein is replaced accordingly.Wherein EM bacterium uses
Han Tangsheng herds EM bacterium, configures solution by product packaging and is uniformly sprayed on pine needle surface, 3 repetitions of each processing, each
20 plants are repeated, observes savatier monochasma herb growing state after plantation 2 months.
Experimental result:
Table 4 is it is found that pine needle matrix has significant facilitation by that can grow to savatier monochasma herb after decomposed fermentation, wherein working as corruption
Ripe treatment conditions: temperature is at 35 DEG C, water content 50%, and the better effect of fermentation 10 days, pine needle contains a large amount of cellulose, passes through
After the fermentation of EM bacterium, porosity of the pine needle in matrix is increased, and when mixed-matrix as savatier monochasma herb, the pine needle after fermentation has
Good gas permeability and preservation capacity of water and fertility, and savatier monochasma herb has the habit of happiness loosing soil, mentions for savatier monochasma herb root growth
For good cultivation matrix environment.Life compared with control group (35), behind matrix savatier monochasma herb 2 months of the not decomposed fermentation process of pine needle
Long amount is lower than the pine needle cultivation matrix Jing Guo decomposed fermentation.Fermentation temperature simultaneously, the moisture content and the fermentation equal shadow of number of days of matrix
Nutrition and ventilative water permeability of the pine needle in cultivation matrix are rung, this is tested us and obtains the decomposed condition grown conducive to savatier monochasma herb.
The decomposed influence that savatier monochasma herb is grown of fermenting of 4 pine needle of table
Test influence of the four different vessels nursery to savatier monochasma herb increment
In container planting process, the present invention explores different vessels to the growth effect of savatier monochasma herb transplanted seedling, specific cultivation
Method is replaced with embodiment 1, container referring to table 5.Wherein 3 repetitions of each processing, 20 plants of each repetition, transplanting plantation 12 months
Savatier monochasma herb growing state is observed afterwards.
Experimental result:
Since savatier monochasma herb is semiparasite herbaceos perennial, hardening container effect is selected to want in container planting process
More preferable than softening container effect, following table is that rigid container and flexible container planting effect compare.We are obtained hard by experiment
Matter container nursery has facilitation effect to savatier monochasma herb growth, especially has protective effect to root, and transplant 1 year using rigid container
Savatier monochasma herb seedling percent is also significantly greater than flexible container afterwards.Illustrate the root hair of the perennial savatier monochasma herb with semiparasite characteristic
Educating is suitable for that rigid container is selected to cultivate, and flexible container is easily deformed and is unfavorable for root growth.
Influence of the 5 different vessels nursery of table to savatier monochasma herb increment
| Container Type | Survival rate (%) | Plant height (cm) | Hat width (cm) | Branch amount (item) | Plant height * hat width (cm2) |
| Rigid container | 95±1.32 | 6±0.82 | 5±0.64 | 6±0.28 | 30±0.52 |
| Soft container | 78±2.16 | 3±0.65 | 3±0.44 | 3±0.39 | 9±0.29 |
Influence of the experiment five difference covering treatment to savatier monochasma herb transplanted seedling increment
Retain water and nutrients are needed to handle after savatier monochasma herb transplanting, savatier monochasma herb is transplanted in the covering of this experimental study pine needle and film covering
The influence of seedling increment.Specific cultural method is with embodiment 1, and only covering treatment conditioned reference table 6 therein is replaced accordingly
It changes.Wherein 3 repetitions of each processing, 20 plants of each repetition, transplanting plantation observed savatier monochasma herb growing state after 2 months.
Experimental result:
As shown in table 6, not covering treatment compared to the control group, covering pine needle and/film can preferably play water conservation and protect
The effect of fertilizer.Moisturizing is covered with pine needle and film in 7 days after the plantation of experimental example 42, removes film reservation pine needle after 7 days and exists
There is significant effect on surface to savatier monochasma herb later period survival rate and growth amount, and pine needle covering surface can provide moisturizing for soil
The function of fertilizer conservation, the last week is transplanting survival rate more crucial period, so pine needle covering+film covering can play collaboration
Effect, coverage mode effect a kind of than single use is more excellent, when transplanting after a week, if film removes not in time, matrix is wet
Savatier monochasma herb rooting development can be also unfavorable for greatly by spending, and root is subject to pest and disease damage, and savatier monochasma herb can be increased by removing film after a week
The gas permeability of cultivation matrix, meanwhile, the pine needle covering of 5cm can also continue to the moisture-keeping, fertilizer-keeping function of matrix, and be continuously deer
Fine and soft grass growth provides organic nutrient, conducive to the growth of savatier monochasma herb.
Influence of the different covering treatments of table 6 to savatier monochasma herb transplanted seedling increment
Test influence of six accompanying plants to savatier monochasma herb transplanted seedling increment
It is strong that ability is sought connections in savatier monochasma herb root, and finds that it is tasted and other plant root system association life in outdoor habitatss investigation
It is long.This experiment mainly influence of the research association species to savatier monochasma herb transplanted seedling increment, specific cultural method with embodiment 1,
In 3 repetitions of each processing, 20 plants of each repetition, transplanting plantation 12 months after observe savatier monochasma herb growing state.
Experimental result:
We have found that the savatier monochasma herb for seeking connections with ability with root likes association in research, when transplanting, we select suitable
With the plant of savatier monochasma herb root association, herba digitariae or yellow Cape jasmine or moss are planted together.Through table 7 compared with reference examples, with herba digitariae or
Yellow Cape jasmine or moss association transplanting can promote savatier monochasma herb growth, and container is taken out in transplanting after 1 year, observation discovery savatier monochasma herb root is visible
It grows nonparasitically upon another plant together with herba digitariae or yellow Cape jasmine root, and compared with not accompanying plant reference examples, accompanying plant can promote savatier monochasma herb root
Development, fibrous root number dramatically increase, and main root growing way is more sturdy.In addition, ineffective with Caulis Miscanthis floriduli association.Therefore, it is being transplanted to appearance
In device after nursery, selecting herba digitariae or yellow Cape jasmine or moss, association planting effect is more together.
Influence of 7 accompanying plant of table to savatier monochasma herb transplanted seedling increment
| Experimental example number | Accompanying plant | Survival rate (%) | Plant height (cm) | Hat width (cm) | Branch amount (item) |
| 49 | Moss | 96±1.45 | 6.4±0.34 | 5.4±0.50 | 6±0.42 |
| 50 | Herba digitariae | 98±1.13 | 6.7±0.54 | 5.7±0.55 | 6±0.32 |
| 51 | Yellow Cape jasmine | 99±1.24 | 6.5±0.37 | 5.4±0.45 | 6±0.41 |
| 52 | Caulis Miscanthis floriduli | 92±1.44 | 5.3±0.46 | 4.8±0.35 | 6±0.49 |
| 53 (controls) | Not association | 95±1.32 | 6±0.82 | 5±0.64 | 6±0.28 |
It although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with
A variety of variations, modification, replacement can be carried out to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention by understanding
And modification, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of acclimatization and transplants method of savatier monochasma herb, which comprises the following steps:
The following steps are included:
(1) greenhouse hardening: savatier monochasma herb rooted seedling is put greenhouse hardening 30 days or so；
(2) matrix prepares: matrix is made of pine needle, turfy soil, river sand, and wherein pine needle needs decomposed in advance；
(3) mixed-matrix: pine needle, turfy soil, river sand are mixed according to 1-2:1-2:1-3 volume ratio respectively；
(4) transplant: selection rigid container is packed into the matrix mixed；The seedling of hardening is planted in matrix；
(5) moisture-keeping, fertilizer-keeping: moisturizing is covered with pine needle and film；Balance fertilizer is applied after one month.
2. a kind of acclimatization and transplants method of savatier monochasma herb as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that the greenhouse hardening: preceding 3 days use
90% shading screen covers, and first replaces 90% shading screen using 75% shading screen after 3 days, is first replaced using 50% shading screen after 8 days
75% shading screen removes shading screen after 15 days and receives natural light by it.
3. a kind of acclimatization and transplants method of savatier monochasma herb as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that the pine needle, turfy soil, river sand point
It is not mixed according to 1:1:3 volume ratio.
4. a kind of acclimatization and transplants method of savatier monochasma herb as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that the decomposed method of pine needle are as follows: pine
EM bacterium solution is uniformly sprayed by the way of stacking fermentation and is inoculated in pine needle surface, stirred by the partial size that it is length 2-4cm that needle, which crushes,
Mixing is mixed, temperature is controlled at 25-35 DEG C, water content 50-60%, ferments 8-15 days.
5. a kind of acclimatization and transplants method of savatier monochasma herb as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that wherein, it is length 3cm that pine needle, which crushes,
Partial size, control temperature at 35 DEG C, ferment 10 days by water content 50%.
6. a kind of acclimatization and transplants method of savatier monochasma herb as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the moisture-keeping, fertilizer-keeping is plantation
Moisturizing is covered with pine needle and film in 7 days afterwards, removes film after 7 days and retains pine needle on surface；2000 times are applied after one month
Balance fertilizer.
7. a kind of acclimatization and transplants method of savatier monochasma herb as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that when the transplanting, may be selected
The seedling of accompanying plant, herba digitariae or yellow Cape jasmine or moss are planted together, and accompanying plant seedling is unsuitable excessively high excessive, do not influence savatier monochasma herb
Illumination.
8. a kind of acclimatization and transplants method of savatier monochasma herb as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that container nursery after the transplanting
In the process, it should not all pull out with any plant of savatier monochasma herb seedling association, suitably prune off.
9. a kind of acclimatization and transplants method of savatier monochasma herb as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the savatier monochasma herb rooted seedling is excellent
It is selected as cotyledon to whiten, seedling length 4-5cm, fibrous root quantity 2-3 root.
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