CN109716990B

CN109716990B - Cultivation method of red soil dry land pollution-free silage raw material broussonetia papyrifera

Info

Publication number: CN109716990B
Application number: CN201811341147.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 韦剑锋; 庞晓红; 韦冬萍; 梁祺星; 胡桂娟; 崔娜; 吴锦兰
Original assignee: Lushan College of Guangxi University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Lushan College of Guangxi University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2018-11-12
Filing date: 2018-11-12
Publication date: 2021-08-17
Anticipated expiration: 2038-11-12
Also published as: CN109716990A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for cultivating paper mulberry trees as a pollution-free ensiling raw material in a red soil dry land, which comprises the following steps: (1) selecting land; (2) soil preparation and fertilizer burying; (3) selecting paper mulberry seedlings; (4) transplanting; (5) cutting; (6) topdressing; (7) drought drenching; (8) removing weeds; (9) performing rooting management on paper mulberry vines; (10) and (4) pest control. The planting method effectively improves the effective components of the paper mulberry, improves the economic value of the paper mulberry, provides powerful support for the development and utilization of the paper mulberry, greatly improves the biological yield of silage raw materials, reduces the recurrence rate of plant diseases and insect pests, improves the planting efficiency, saves the cost, shortens the growth period, and can meet the great demand of the current market on the silage raw materials of the paper mulberry because the content of heavy metals and the content of pesticide components of the paper mulberry are lower than the related limit of the state.

Description

Cultivation method of red soil dry land pollution-free silage raw material broussonetia papyrifera

[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device

The invention belongs to the technical field of paper mulberry cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for cultivating paper mulberry by using pollution-free silage raw materials in red soil dry land.

[ background of the invention ]

Paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera) also named as peach, papermulberry fruit, paper mulberry, millet wood, rice pulp tree, etc., is deciduous arbor. The paper mulberry has the characteristics of fast growth, strong adaptability, wide distribution, easy propagation, high heat quantity and short rotation period. The root system is shallow, the lateral roots are widely distributed, the growth is fast, the germination capacity and the tillering capacity are strong, and the pruning resistance is realized. The plant growth promoter is distributed in Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan and other places in China, can grow no matter in plain, hilly or mountain areas, leaves of the plant growth promoter are good animal feeds, phloem fibers of the plant growth promoter are high-grade papermaking raw materials, roots and seeds of the plant growth promoter can be used as medicines, sap can treat skin diseases, and the economic value is high. Wherein, the root system of the hybrid paper mulberry is developed, the soil is fixed and the water is preserved, the surface runoff, the water and soil loss are controlled, and the land desertification is prevented; the ecological. Most importantly, the hybrid paper mulberry leaves are rich in protein, amino acid, mineral nutrition and the like, and are excellent protein woody feed raw materials. The large-scale planting of the hybrid paper mulberry can obtain functional crude protein feed, solve the conflict of land conflict with grains, help farmers to defy poverty and become rich, improve the ecological environment of poverty-stricken areas and realize the organic combination of three benefits of economy, ecology and society. However, the paper mulberry has strong absorption and enrichment capacity for heavy metals in soil, most of the absorbed heavy metals are accumulated in the overground part of the paper mulberry, more than 60% of the absorbed heavy metals are accumulated in the leaves of the paper mulberry, and if the paper mulberry is not planted and managed properly, the heavy metal content of the leaves and fruits of the paper mulberry often exceeds the national limit standard, so that the food chain safety problem is caused. At present, the cultivation method or technology of the paper mulberry is mainly limited to the production of paper mulberry leaves as silage raw materials, the fresh and tender stems and branches of the paper mulberry are not considered to be used as the silage raw materials, and the cultivation method or technology of the paper mulberry is limited to living paper mulberry or high-yield cultivation, and the safety of the paper mulberry as the silage raw materials and animal products is not considered.

Chinese patent application document "a high-efficiency planting method of paper mulberry (publication number: CN 106718490A)" discloses a planting method of paper mulberry; the method comprises the following steps: (1) cutting and raising seedlings; (2) planting soil and transplanting; (3) managing water and fertilizer; (4) the method effectively improves the survival rate of seedlings, but has the problems of low yield, low crude protein content and low crude fat content of broussonetia papyrifera.

[ summary of the invention ]

The invention provides a method for cultivating paper mulberry trees as a pollution-free ensiling raw material in a red soil dry land, which aims to solve the practical technical problems of low paper mulberry yield, low crude protein content and low crude fat content.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a cultivation method of paper mulberry trees as pollution-free silage raw materials in red soil dry land comprises the following steps: (1) selecting land; (2) soil preparation and fertilizer burying; (3) selecting paper mulberry seedlings; (4) transplanting; (5) cutting; (6) topdressing; (7) drought drenching; (8) removing weeds; (9) performing rooting management on paper mulberry vines; (10) pest control, its characterized in that: the compound organic fertilizer selected in the step (2) of land preparation and fertilizer burying comprises the following raw materials: urea, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, potassium chloride, pig manure, cow manure, corn straw segments, slaked lime powder, boric sludge, ferrous sulfate, sodium polyamino acid, polyoxyethylene, starch grafted sodium acrylate, brassinolide and chitosan oligosaccharide;

the weight ratio of the sodium polyamino acid to the polyoxyethylene to the starch grafted sodium acrylate to the brassinolide to the oligochitosan is (2-4): 2.4-3): 1.4-2): 0.5-0.8): 0.7-1.2.

Further, the compound organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4-8 parts of urea, 6-12 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 2-4 parts of potassium chloride, 10-20 parts of pig manure, 12-23 parts of cow manure, 18-35 parts of corn straw segments, 0.6-1.2 parts of slaked lime powder, 1.3-1.8 parts of boric sludge, 0.3-0.5 part of ferrous sulfate, 2-4 parts of sodium polyamino acid, 2.4-3 parts of polyoxyethylene, 1.4-2 parts of starch grafted sodium acrylate, 0.5-0.8 part of brassinolide and 0.7-1.2 parts of oligomeric chitosan.

Further, the step (1) optionally: selecting a red soil dry land with the gradient of less than 30 degrees, the pH value of a 0-40cm soil layer of less than 6.5, the cadmium, mercury, arsenic, copper, lead, chromium and zinc contents of 0-40cm soil layers of less than 0.25mg/kg, 20mg/kg, 55mg/kg, 50mg/kg, 90mg/kg and 115mg/kg respectively, and the red soil dry land is 5 kilometers above from polluted waste gas emission and dust pollution enterprises of chemical plants, mining fields, smelting plants and the like.

Further, step (2) soil preparation and fertilizer burying: transplanting the paper mulberry in the middle and last ten days of the last 10 months, mechanically removing weeds, shrubs and other crops on the ground surface and main root systems of plants in a 0-30cm deep soil layer; in the middle-upper ten days of 11 months, digging planting ditches with the depth of 30-35cm and the width of 40-45cm on the ground surface of the prepared land blocks at intervals of 45-50cm along the same contour line direction by using a mini excavator, turning out soil in the planting ditches, burying the soil with the thickness of 5-6cm after spreading a paper mulberry compound organic fertilizer with the thickness of 2-3cm from the bottom of the ditches, enabling the paper mulberry compound organic fertilizer and the soil in the planting ditches to form a 3-5-layer sandwich cake structure, covering the surface layers of the planting ditches with the soil until the planting ditches are filled up, and then covering the planting ditches with black mulching films with the width of 50cm and the thickness of 0.01 mm.

Further, selecting the broussonetia papyrifera seedlings in the step (3): the paper mulberry seedling is a hybrid paper mulberry variety, a cutting seedling, a seedling or a tissue culture seedling is cultivated by adopting a degradable non-woven cloth bag in the last 6-7 months, the average crude protein content of tender leaves is more than 23%, the washing fiber content is less than 16%, the height of the seedling is 35-45cm during transplanting, the epidermis of a main stem is yellow brown or dark brown, the stem and the branch are completely lignified, and the stem and the branch have no leaves.

Further, transplanting in the step (4): transplanting paper mulberry trees in the first ten days of 3 months of the current year, digging small holes with the diameter of 15-20cm on a black mulching film every 80-85cm after rainfall surface soil is thoroughly wetted, digging 1 small hole with the width of 10cm and the depth of 15cm below the small hole of the black mulching film by a small tip hoe, transplanting dormant paper mulberry seedlings and a non-woven cloth bag into the small holes, planting 1 paper mulberry seedling in each hole, immediately covering soil and compacting the small holes and the paper mulberry seedlings, and spraying water 4-5kg in each hole, covering the small holes of the black mulching film with the originally-scratched black mulching film, and compacting the mulching film by soil;

the contents of cadmium, mercury, arsenic, lead, copper, chromium and zinc in the used drenching water are respectively lower than 0.005mg/kg, 0.001mg/kg, 0.02mg/kg, 0.03mg/kg, 0.01mg/kg, 0.04mg/kg and 1 mg/kg.

Further, cutting in the step (5): when 3-4 new leaves grow out from the seedlings of the paper mulberry in the current year, horizontally cutting off the main stem at a position 12-16cm away from the ground to promote the germination of first-level lateral branches; when the first-level lateral branches grow to 50-60cm, cutting the first-level lateral branches at the positions 6-8cm away from the germination of the first-level lateral branches, and using the cut first-level lateral branches and fresh leaves as silage raw materials; after 10 months, when 80% of new branches grown from each batch of sprouts grow to 45-50cm, cutting the new branches at the sprouting positions of the new branches, and using the cut new branches and fresh leaves as silage raw materials; the new branches sprouting in 11 months and 12 months are not cut again and are preserved for overwintering;

after transplanting for the second year, cutting off new branches remained in the last year at the germination positions in the middle ten days of 3 months every year, wherein 80-90% of the new branches germinated and grown later are 45-50cm long, the base parts of the new branches are bright green, and new branches and fresh leaves are cut at the germination positions of the new branches to serve as ensiling raw materials before brown patches do not appear on the surfaces of the new branches or the new branches become brown; new branches sprouting in 11 and 12 months per year are not cut again and are preserved for overwintering.

Further, topdressing in the step (6): broadcasting 50 g/plant of urea and 30 g/plant of potassium chloride at a position 10-20cm away from the base of the paper mulberry in the last 5 months of the first year of transplanting in combination with rainfall; broadcasting 50g of compound fertilizer per plant at a distance of 10-20cm from the base of the paper mulberry in the last 8 months of the first year of transplanting in combination with rainfall;

digging a ring ditch with the depth of 3-5cm at the position 15-25cm away from the base of the paper mulberry in the middle ten days of the next year and after transplanting, applying 0.5 kg/plant of paper mulberry compound organic fertilizer in the ring ditch, and covering the organic fertilizer with dug soil; broadcasting 100g of compound fertilizer per plant at a distance of 15-25cm from the base of the paper mulberry in the late 6 months each year in combination with rainfall;

when fertilizing, the covered black mulching film is firstly opened, and is restored to cover after the fertilizing is finished, and if the mulching film is severely weathered and torn, the mulching film is replaced with a new mulching film in time.

Further, the drought water spraying in the step (7): and 4 to 10 months every year, when the drought weather without rainfall lasts for more than 12 continuous days and the surface soil of the planting ditch has small cracks, 5 to 6kg of water is sprayed on the base of the paper mulberry tree.

Further, step (10) pest control: 1 light-controlled black light trap lamp of 20W is installed at each 400-450 square meters of the paper mulberry planting field to trap and kill main pests, and the distance between a light source of the black light trap lamp and the ground is 2.5 m; when the broussonetia papyrifera has leaf brown spot and soft coal disease, pollution-free pesticide chlorothalonil and mancozeb are used for preventing and treating according to the dilution times and spraying times of the specification, but no pesticide is sprayed 20 days before each batch of silage raw materials are cut into the broussonetia papyrifera; the paper mulberry plant is sporadically and slightly damaged by diseases and pests, and damaged branches and leaves and corresponding diseases and pests can be removed in time; the paper mulberry plant is damaged seriously by diseases and insects and cannot sprout new branches or leaves, and the damaged plant is dug out with roots and burnt.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) as can be seen from the data of examples 1-3 and comparative example 7, the average wood yield per mu, the average leaf yield per mu, the average growth time, the average crude protein content and the average crude fat content of the broussonetia papyrifera planted by the method of examples 1-3 are all obviously improved, which shows that the method of the invention is superior to the prior art (comparative example 7), is beneficial to improving the yield, shortening the growth period of the broussonetia papyrifera and improving the quality and the production benefit; meanwhile, as can be seen from the data of examples 1 to 3, example 2 is the most preferred example.

(2) As can be seen from the data of example 2 and comparative examples 1 to 6, the sodium polyamino acid, the polyethylene oxide, the starch grafted sodium acrylate, the brassinolide and the chitosan oligosaccharide play a synergistic role in preparing the compound organic fertilizer, and the average wood yield, the average leaf yield, the average growth time, the average crude protein content and the average crude fat content of the paper mulberry are synergistically improved, namely:

the sodium polyamino acid can increase the void degree and water holding capacity of soil, is beneficial to improving the water and fertilizer holding capacity of soil, creates good conditions for the growth and development of the root system of paper mulberry, improves the yield of wood and leaves, and shortens the growth cycle; the polyoxyethylene contains hydrophilic ends and can be combined with particles of the compound organic fertilizer, the polyoxyethylene has good water resistance, molecular chains of the polyoxyethylene can be well stretched in water and uniformly arranged on an interface, the steric hindrance is increased, the particles of the compound fertilizer are rapidly dispersed in the water, the absorption of paper mulberry is facilitated, and the yield, the average crude protein content and the average crude fat content accumulation are improved; the starch grafted sodium acrylate can be used as a slow release carrier material of a fertilizer, and when the starch grafted sodium acrylate is used in combination with sodium polyamino acid and polyethylene oxide, the fertilizer absorption rate of paper mulberry can be increased, and the yield of wood and leaves of paper mulberry, the average crude protein content and the average crude fat content accumulation of paper mulberry can be improved; the brassinolide has obvious promotion effect on cell division, can promote the differentiation of buds, promote the generation of lateral branches, increase the number of branches and leaves, improve the yield of wood and leaves of a paper mulberry and shorten the growth period; the amino group in the oligomeric chitosan structure has complexation, ion exchange and slow control performance, can be combined with an ionic group in the compound organic fertilizer, can continuously provide nutrients for the broussonetia papyrifera, has long action time, can excite defense genes in the broussonetia papyrifera, generates chitinase, glucanase, preservative, PR protein and the like with disease resistance, has the function of activating cells, is beneficial to the recovery of the damaged broussonetia papyrifera, promotes roots and seedlings, enhances the stress resistance of crops, promotes various stages of the growth cycle of the broussonetia papyrifera, such as light action stages and the like, and ensures that the quantity of products obtained by the broussonetia papyrifera through photosynthesis and the like is enough to maintain the growth of the broussonetia papyrifera; the chitosan oligosaccharide also has the functions of killing virus, bacteria and fungi, has extremely strong prevention, control and eradication functions on fungi, bacteria and viruses, protects the paper mulberry, and enhances the disease resistance and the tolerance of the paper mulberry; the chitosan oligosaccharide and the brassinolide are matched for use, so that the absorption effect of the broussonetia papyrifera on the brassinolide can be improved, the growth of the broussonetia papyrifera, the average crude protein content and the average crude fat content accumulation can be promoted, the leaves can be prevented from falling, the effective components, the wood yield and the leaf yield of the broussonetia papyrifera can be effectively improved, and the economic value of the broussonetia papyrifera can be improved.

(3) The planting method effectively improves the effective components of the paper mulberry, improves the economic value of the paper mulberry, provides powerful support for the development and utilization of the paper mulberry, greatly improves the biological yield of silage raw materials, reduces the recurrence rate of plant diseases and insect pests, improves the planting efficiency, saves the cost, shortens the growth period, and can meet the great demand of the current market on the silage raw materials of the paper mulberry because the content of heavy metals and the content of pesticide components of the paper mulberry are lower than the related limit of the state.

(4) The method can harvest the paper mulberry silage raw materials every 40-45 days every 4-10 months every year, the average length of each batch of paper mulberry silage raw materials is more than 45cm, the average crude protein content of the paper mulberry silage raw materials is more than 35.3%, the average crude fat content is more than 6.84%, the average neutral detergent fiber content is less than 15%, the average acid detergent fiber content is less than 12%, and the heavy metal content and pesticide component content of the paper mulberry silage raw materials are lower than the limit of GB/T17890-2008 corn for feed, so that safe silage raw materials can be provided for livestock breeding.

(5) The method of the invention can use the fresh and tender stem branches and the fresh and tender leaves of the paper mulberry as the silage raw materials, and can effectively improve the utilization efficiency of the paper mulberry.

[ detailed description ] embodiments

In order to facilitate a better understanding of the invention, the following examples are given to illustrate, but not to limit the scope of the invention.

The cultivation method of the red soil dry land pollution-free silage raw material broussonetia papyrifera comprises the following steps:

(1) selecting land: selecting a red soil dry land with the gradient of less than 30 degrees, the pH value of a 0-40cm soil layer of less than 6.5, the cadmium, mercury, arsenic, copper, lead, chromium and zinc contents of 0-40cm soil layers of less than 0.25mg/kg, 20mg/kg, 55mg/kg, 50mg/kg, 90mg/kg and 115mg/kg respectively, and the red soil dry land is 5 kilometers above from polluted waste gas emission and dust pollution enterprises of chemical plants, mining fields, smelting plants and the like.

(2) Land preparation and fertilizer burying: transplanting the paper mulberry in the middle and the last ten days of the last 10 months, mechanically removing weeds, shrubs and other crops on the ground surface and main root systems of plants in a 0-30cm deep soil layer. In the middle-upper ten days of 11 months, digging planting ditches with the depth of 30-35cm and the width of 40-45cm on the ground surface of the prepared land blocks at intervals of 45-50cm along the same contour line direction by using a mini excavator, turning out soil in the planting ditches, burying the soil with the thickness of 5-6cm after spreading a paper mulberry compound organic fertilizer with the thickness of 2-3cm from the bottom of the ditches, enabling the paper mulberry compound organic fertilizer and the soil in the planting ditches to form a 3-5-layer sandwich cake structure, covering the surface layers of the planting ditches with the soil until the planting ditches are filled up, and then covering the planting ditches with black mulching films with the width of 50cm and the thickness of 0.01 mm.

The broussonetia papyrifera compound organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4-8 parts of urea (containing 46.4 percent of N) and 6-12 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer (containing P)₂O₅15 percent) and 2 to 4 parts of potassium chloride (containing K)₂60 percent of O), 10-20 percent of pig manure (with the moisture content of 12-15 percent), 12-23 percent of cow manure (with the moisture content of 12-15 percent), 18-35 percent of corn straw segments (with the moisture content of 15-20 percent, the segment length of 2-3cm and the segment thickness of 0.5-1cm), 0.6-1.2 percent of slaked lime powder, 1.3-1.8 percent of boric sludge, 0.3-0.5 percent of ferrous sulfate, 2-4 percent of sodium polyamino acid, 2.4-3 percent of polyoxyethylene, 1.4-2 percent of starch grafted sodium acrylate, 0.5-0.8 percent of brassinolide and 0.7-1.2 percent of oligochitosan; the preparation method comprises the steps of mixing, stirring uniformly, composting and fermenting for 1 month to obtain the components; the content of heavy metals and the content of harmful components in the obtained broussonetia papyrifera compound organic fertilizer are lower than the limits of the national Standard of NY 884-2012 biological organic fertilizer.

(3) Selecting paper mulberry seedlings: the paper mulberry seedling is a hybrid paper mulberry variety, a cutting seedling, a seedling or a tissue culture seedling is cultivated by adopting a degradable non-woven cloth bag in the last 6-7 months, the average crude protein content of tender leaves is more than 23%, the washing fiber content is less than 16%, the height of the seedling is 35-45cm during transplanting, the epidermis of a main stem is yellow brown or dark brown, the stem and the branch are completely lignified, and the stem and the branch have no leaves.

(4) Transplanting: transplanting paper mulberry trees in the first ten days of 3 months of the current year, digging small holes with the diameter of 15-20cm on a black mulching film every 80-85cm after rainfall surface soil is thoroughly wetted, digging 1 small hole with the width of 10cm and the depth of 15cm below the small hole of the black mulching film by a small tip hoe, transplanting dormant paper mulberry seedlings and a non-woven cloth bag into the small holes, planting 1 paper mulberry seedling in each hole, immediately covering soil and compacting the small holes and the paper mulberry seedlings, spraying water 4-5kg in each hole, covering the small holes of the black mulching film with the originally-scratched black mulching film, and compacting the mulching film by soil.

(5) Cutting: when 3-4 new leaves grow out from the seedlings of the paper mulberry in the current year, horizontally cutting off the main stem at a position 12-16cm away from the ground to promote the germination of first-level lateral branches; when the first-level lateral branches grow to 50-60cm, cutting the first-level lateral branches at the positions 6-8cm away from the germination of the first-level lateral branches, and using the cut first-level lateral branches and fresh leaves as silage raw materials; after 10 months, when 80% of new branches grown from each batch of sprouts grow to 45-50cm, cutting the new branches at the sprouting positions of the new branches, and using the cut new branches and fresh leaves as silage raw materials; and new branches sprouting in 11 months and 12 months are not cut again and are preserved for overwintering.

And after transplanting for the second year, cutting off new branches remained in the last year at the germination positions in the middle ten days of 3 months every year, cutting off new branches and fresh leaves at the germination positions of the new branches to serve as silage raw materials after 80% -90% of the new branches germinated and grow to 45-50cm, wherein the base parts of the new branches are fresh green, and the surfaces of the new branches do not have brown patches or are changed into brown. New branches sprouting in 11 and 12 months per year are not cut again and are preserved for overwintering.

(6) Topdressing: broadcasting 50 g/plant of urea and 30 g/plant of potassium chloride at a position 10-20cm away from the base of the paper mulberry in the last 5 months of the first year of transplanting in combination with rainfall; broadcasting compound fertilizer (N-P) at a distance of 10-20cm from the base of the paper mulberry in the last 8 months of the first year of transplantation in combination with rainfall₂O₅-K₂O is 15-5-10)50 g/strain.

Digging a ring ditch with the depth of 3-5cm at the position 15-25cm away from the base of the paper mulberry in the middle ten days of the next year and after transplanting, applying 0.5 kg/plant of paper mulberry compound organic fertilizer in the ring ditch, and covering the organic fertilizer with dug soil; broadcasting compound fertilizer (N-P) at a distance of 15-25cm from the base of the paper mulberry in 6 late months in combination with rainfall each year₂O₅-K₂O is 15-5-10)100 g/strain.

When fertilizing, the covered black mulching film is firstly lifted, and after fertilizing, the black mulching film is restored to cover. If the mulching film is seriously weathered and torn, the mulching film is replaced with a new mulching film in time.

(7) Drought and water drenching: and 4 to 10 months every year, when the drought weather without rainfall lasts for more than 12 continuous days and the surface soil of the planting ditch has small cracks, 5 to 6kg of water is sprayed on the base of the paper mulberry tree.

(8) Removing weeds: when weeds grow in rows of the paper mulberry, the weeds are pulled out by artificial roots when the soil is wet after rainfall, and the weeds on the ground are cut off by artificial or a mower when the soil on the surface layer is dry and hard.

(9) And (3) rooting management of paper mulberry vines: the broussonetia papyrifera root system climbs to the row space and germinates to grow plants, and the broussonetia papyrifera plants outside the planting ditch are dug out in time together with the root system; and (5) allowing the root system of the paper mulberry to grow in the planting furrows and germinate to grow plants, and cutting according to the step 5.

(10) And (3) pest control: 1 light-controlled black light trap lamp of 20W is installed at each 400-450 square meters of the paper mulberry planting field to trap and kill main pests, and the distance between a light source of the black light trap lamp and the ground is 2.5 m; when the broussonetia papyrifera has the leaf brown spot and the soft coal disease, pollution-free pesticide chlorothalonil and mancozeb are used for preventing and treating according to the dilution times and spraying times of the specification, but no pesticide is sprayed 20 days before each batch of silage raw materials are cut into the broussonetia papyrifera. The paper mulberry plant is sporadically and slightly damaged by diseases and pests, and damaged branches and leaves and corresponding diseases and pests can be removed in time; the paper mulberry plant is damaged seriously by diseases and insects and cannot sprout new branches or leaves, and the damaged plant is dug out with roots and burnt.

The following is a more specific example.

Example 1

A cultivation method of paper mulberry trees as pollution-free silage raw materials in red soil dry land comprises the following steps:

(1) selecting land: selecting a red soil dry land with the gradient of less than 29 degrees, the pH value of a soil layer of 6-20cm being less than 6.2, the content of cadmium, mercury, arsenic, copper, lead, chromium and zinc of the soil layer of 6-20cm being less than 0.25mg/kg, 20mg/kg, 55mg/kg, 50mg/kg, 90mg/kg and 115mg/kg respectively, and the red soil dry land is 6.3 kilometers away from polluted waste gas emission and dust pollution enterprises such as chemical plants, mining fields, smelting plants and the like.

(2) Land preparation and fertilizer burying: transplanting the paper mulberry in the middle and the last ten days of the last 10 months, mechanically removing weeds, shrubs and other crops on the ground surface and main root systems of plants in a 0-30cm deep soil layer. In the middle-upper ten days of 11 months, digging planting ditches with the depth of 35cm and the width of 42cm on the ground surface of the prepared land block by a mini excavator at intervals of 50cm along the same contour line direction, turning out soil in the planting ditches, burying the soil with the thickness of 6cm after spreading the paper mulberry compound organic fertilizer with the thickness of 3cm from the ditch bottom, enabling the paper mulberry compound organic fertilizer and the soil in the planting ditches to form a sandwich cake structure with 5 layers, covering the surface layers of the planting ditches with the soil until the planting ditches are filled up, and covering the planting ditches with black mulching films with the width of 50cm and the thickness of 0.01 mm.

The broussonetia papyrifera compound organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 parts of urea (containing 46.4 percent of N) and 12 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer (containing P)₂O₅15 percent) and 4 parts of potassium chloride (containing K)₂60 percent of O), 10 percent of pig manure (moisture content-15 percent), 12 percent of cow manure (moisture content 12 percent), 35 percent of corn straw segments (moisture content 15 percent, segment length 3cm and segment thickness 1cm), 1.2 percent of slaked lime powder, 1.8 percent of boric sludge, 0.5 percent of ferrous sulfate, 4 percent of sodium polyamino acid, 3 percent of polyoxyethylene, 2 percent of starch grafted sodium acrylate, 0.8 percent of brassinolide and 0.7 percent of oligochitosan; the preparation method comprises the steps of mixing, stirring uniformly, composting and fermenting for 1 month to obtain the components; the content of heavy metals and the content of harmful components in the obtained broussonetia papyrifera compound organic fertilizer are lower than the limits of the national Standard of NY 884-2012 biological organic fertilizer.

(3) Selecting paper mulberry seedlings: the paper mulberry seedlings are hybrid paper mulberry varieties, cutting seedlings, seedling seedlings or tissue culture seedlings are cultivated by adopting degradable non-woven bags in the last 6 months, the average crude protein content of tender leaves is more than 26%, the washing fiber content is less than 14%, the height of the seedlings is 45cm during transplanting, the epidermis of a main stem is yellow brown or dark brown, the stem and branch are completely lignified, and the stem and branch have no leaves.

(4) Transplanting: transplanting the paper mulberry in the middle-upper ten days of 3 months of the current year, digging small holes with the diameter of 15cm on the black mulching film every 85cm after rainfall surface soil is thoroughly wetted, digging 1 small hole with the width of 10cm and the depth of 15cm below the small holes of the black mulching film by using a small tip hoe, transplanting dormant paper mulberry seedlings and a non-woven cloth bag into the small holes, planting 1 paper mulberry seedling in each hole, immediately covering soil on the small holes and compacting the paper mulberry seedlings, spraying 5kg of water on each hole, covering the small holes of the black mulching film with the originally-scratched black mulching film, and compacting the mulching film by using soil.

(5) Cutting: when 3-4 new leaves grow out from the seedlings of the paper mulberry in the current year, horizontally cutting off the main stem at a position 16cm away from the ground to promote the germination of first-level lateral branches; when the primary lateral branches grow to 60cm, the primary lateral branches are cut at the positions 8cm away from the primary lateral branches, and the cut primary lateral branches and fresh leaves are used as silage raw materials; after 10 months, when 80% of new branches grown from each batch of sprouts grow to 45cm, cutting the new branches at the sprouting positions of the new branches, and using the cut new branches and fresh leaves as silage raw materials; and new branches sprouting in 11 months and 12 months are not cut again and are preserved for overwintering.

And after transplanting for the second year, cutting off new branches remained in the last year at the sprouting positions in the middle ten days of 3 months every year, cutting off new branches and fresh leaves at the sprouting positions of the new branches to serve as ensiling raw materials before 90% of the new branches germinated and grown are 45cm long, the bases of the new branches are bright green, and the skins of the new branches do not have brown patches or become brown. New branches sprouting in 11 and 12 months per year are not cut again and are preserved for overwintering.

(6) Topdressing: in the last 5 months of the first year of transplanting, spraying 50 g/plant of urea and 30 g/plant of potassium chloride at a position 20cm away from the base of the paper mulberry in combination with rainfall; broadcasting compound fertilizer (N-P) in the last 8 months of the first year of transplantation at a distance of 20cm from the base of the paper mulberry in combination with rainfall₂O₅-K₂O is 15-5-10)50 g/strain.

Digging a ring ditch with the depth of 5cm at a position 15cm away from the base of the paper mulberry in the middle ten days of 3 months every year after transplanting for the second year, applying 0.5 kg/plant of paper mulberry compound organic fertilizer to the ring ditch, and covering the organic fertilizer with dug soil; broadcasting compound fertilizer (N-P) at a distance of 15-25cm from the base of the paper mulberry in 6 late months in combination with rainfall each year₂O₅-K₂O is 15-5-10)100 g/strain.

(7) Drought and water drenching: in 4-10 months each year, when dry weather without rainfall occurs for more than 12 continuous days and the soil on the surface layer of the planting ditch has small cracks, 6kg of water is sprayed on the base of the paper mulberry tree.

(10) And (3) pest control: 1 light-operated black light trap lamp of 20W is installed every 450 square meters of the paper mulberry planting field to trap and kill main pests, and the distance between a light source of the black light trap lamp and the ground is 2.5 m; when the broussonetia papyrifera has the leaf brown spot and the soft coal disease, pollution-free pesticide chlorothalonil and mancozeb are used for preventing and treating according to the dilution times and spraying times of the specification, but no pesticide is sprayed 20 days before each batch of silage raw materials are cut into the broussonetia papyrifera. The paper mulberry plant is sporadically and slightly damaged by diseases and pests, and damaged branches and leaves and corresponding diseases and pests can be removed in time; the paper mulberry plant is damaged seriously by diseases and insects and cannot sprout new branches or leaves, and the damaged plant is dug out with roots and burnt.

Example 2

(1) selecting land: selecting a red soil dry land with the gradient of less than 26 degrees, the pH value of a 0-30cm soil layer of less than 6.5, the cadmium, mercury, arsenic, copper, lead, chromium and zinc contents of 0-30cm soil layers of less than 0.25mg/kg, 20mg/kg, 55mg/kg, 50mg/kg, 90mg/kg and 115mg/kg respectively, and the red soil dry land is 5.2 kilometers away from polluted waste gas emission and dust pollution enterprises such as chemical plants, mining fields, smelting plants and the like.

(2) Land preparation and fertilizer burying: transplanting the paper mulberry in the middle and the last ten days of the last 10 months, mechanically removing weeds, shrubs and other crops on the ground surface and main root systems of plants in a 0-20cm deep soil layer. In the middle-upper ten days of 11 months, digging planting ditches with the depth of 32cm and the width of 44cm on the ground surface of the prepared land block by a mini excavator at intervals of 46cm along the same contour line direction, turning out soil in the planting ditches, then burying the soil with the thickness of 5.5cm after spreading a paper mulberry compound organic fertilizer with the thickness of 2.6cm from the bottom of the ditches, enabling the paper mulberry compound organic fertilizer and the soil in the planting ditches to form a sandwich cake structure with 4 layers, covering the surface layers of the planting ditches with the soil until the planting ditches are filled up, and then covering the planting ditches with black mulching films with the width of 50cm and the thickness of 0.01 mm.

The broussonetia papyrifera compound organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 7 parts of urea (containing 46.4 percent of N) and 10 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer (containing P)₂O₅15 percent) and 3 parts of potassium chloride (containing K)₂60 percent of O), 17 percent of pig manure (the moisture content is 13 percent), 20 percent of cow manure (the moisture content is 15 percent), 30 percent of corn straw segments (the moisture content is 20 percent, the segment length is 2.5cm, and the segment thickness is 0.7cm), 1 percent of slaked lime powder, 1.5 percent of boric sludge, 0.4 percent of ferrous sulfate, 3.2 percent of sodium polyamino acid, 2.8 percent of polyoxyethylene, 1.8 percent of starch grafted sodium acrylate, 0.7 percent of brassinolide and 0.9 percent of oligomeric chitosan; the preparation method comprises the steps of mixing, stirring uniformly, composting and fermenting for 1 month to obtain the components; the content of heavy metals and the content of harmful components in the obtained broussonetia papyrifera compound organic fertilizer are lower than the limits of the national Standard of NY 884-2012 biological organic fertilizer.

(3) Selecting paper mulberry seedlings: the paper mulberry seedling is a hybrid paper mulberry variety, a cutting seedling is cultivated by adopting a degradable non-woven fabric bag in the last 6 months, the average crude protein content of tender leaves is more than 23%, the washing fiber content is less than 16%, the plant height is 40cm during transplanting, the epidermis of a main stem is yellow brown or dark brown, the stem and branch are completely lignified, and the stem and branch have no leaves.

(4) Transplanting: transplanting the paper mulberry in the middle-upper ten days of 3 months of the current year, digging small holes with the diameter of 17cm on the black mulching film every 82cm after combining rainfall surface soil to be thoroughly wetted, digging 1 small hole with the width of 10cm and the depth of 15cm below the small holes of the black mulching film by using a small tip hoe, transplanting dormant paper mulberry seedlings and a non-woven cloth bag into the small holes, planting 1 paper mulberry seedling in each hole, immediately covering soil on the small holes and compacting the paper mulberry seedlings, spraying 4.6kg of water on each hole, covering the small holes of the black mulching film by using the originally-carved black mulching film, and compacting the mulching film by using the soil.

(5) Cutting: when 3 new leaves grow out of the seedlings of the paper mulberry in the current year, horizontally cutting off the main stem at a position 15cm away from the ground to promote the germination of first-level lateral branches; when the first-level lateral branches grow to 56cm, cutting the first-level lateral branches at a position 7cm away from the germination of the first-level lateral branches, and using the cut first-level lateral branches and fresh leaves as silage raw materials; after 10 months, when 80% of new branches grown from each batch of sprouts grow to 48cm, cutting the new branches at the sprouting positions of the new branches, and using the cut new branches and fresh leaves as silage raw materials; and new branches sprouting in 11 months and 12 months are not cut again and are preserved for overwintering.

And after transplanting for the second year, cutting off new branches remained in the last year at the sprouting positions in the middle ten days of 3 months every year, cutting off new branches and fresh leaves at the sprouting positions of the new branches to serve as ensiling raw materials before 85% of the new branches germinated and grown to 46cm, wherein the bases of the new branches are bright green, and the skins of the new branches do not have brown patches or become brown. New branches sprouting in 11 and 12 months per year are not cut again and are preserved for overwintering.

(6) Topdressing: in the last 5 months of the first year of transplanting, spraying 50 g/plant of urea and 30 g/plant of potassium chloride at a position 15cm away from the base of the paper mulberry in combination with rainfall; broadcasting compound fertilizer (N-P) in the last 8 months of the first year of transplanting in combination with rainfall at a distance of 16cm from the base of the paper mulberry₂O₅-K₂O is 15-5-10)50 g/strain.

Digging a ring ditch with the depth of 4cm at a position 22cm away from the base of the paper mulberry in the middle ten days of 3 months every year after transplanting for the second year, applying 0.5 kg/plant of paper mulberry compound organic fertilizer to the ring ditch, and covering the organic fertilizer with dug soil; broadcasting compound fertilizer (N-P) at a distance of 22cm from the base of the paper mulberry in 6 months in combination with rainfall each year₂O₅-K₂O is 15-5-10)100 g/strain.

(7) Drought and water drenching: and 4 to 10 months every year, when the drought weather without rainfall occurs for more than 12 continuous days and the soil on the surface layer of the planting ditch has small cracks, 5.5kg of water is sprayed on the base of the paper mulberry tree.

(10) And (3) pest control: 1 light-operated black light trap lamp of 20W is installed in each 420 square meters of the paper mulberry planting field to trap and kill main pests, and the distance between a light source of the black light trap lamp and the ground is 2.5 m; when the broussonetia papyrifera has the leaf brown spot and the soft coal disease, pollution-free pesticide chlorothalonil and mancozeb are used for preventing and treating according to the dilution times and spraying times of the specification, but no pesticide is sprayed 20 days before each batch of silage raw materials are cut into the broussonetia papyrifera. The paper mulberry plant is sporadically and slightly damaged by diseases and pests, and damaged branches and leaves and corresponding diseases and pests can be removed in time; the paper mulberry plant is damaged seriously by diseases and insects and cannot sprout new branches or leaves, and the damaged plant is dug out with roots and burnt.

Example 3

(1) selecting land: selecting red soil dry land with gradient less than 28 degrees, pH of 10-40cm soil layer less than 6.5, cadmium, mercury, arsenic, copper, lead, chromium and zinc contents of 10-40cm soil layer less than 0.25mg/kg, 20mg/kg, 55mg/kg, 50mg/kg, 90mg/kg and 115mg/kg respectively, and polluted waste gas emission and dust pollution 6 km for enterprises such as chemical plants, mining fields, smelting plants and the like.

(2) Land preparation and fertilizer burying: transplanting the paper mulberry in the middle and the last ten days of the last 10 months, mechanically removing weeds, shrubs and other crops on the ground surface and main root systems of plants in a 0-25cm deep soil layer. In the middle-upper ten days of 11 months, digging planting ditches with the depth of 30cm and the width of 45cm by a mini excavator at intervals of 45cm on the ground surface of the prepared land along the same contour line direction, turning out soil in the planting ditches, then burying the soil with the thickness of 5cm after spreading the paper mulberry compound organic fertilizer with the thickness of 2cm from the ditch bottom, enabling the paper mulberry compound organic fertilizer and the soil in the planting ditches to form a sandwich cake structure with 5 layers, covering the surface layers of the planting ditches with the soil until the planting ditches are filled up, and then covering the planting ditches with black mulching films with the width of 50cm and the thickness of 0.01 mm.

The broussonetia papyrifera compound organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4 parts of urea (containing 46.4 percent of N) and 12 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer (containing P)₂O₅15 percent) and 2 parts of potassium chloride (containing K)₂60 percent of O), 10 percent of pig manure (the moisture content is 14 percent), 23 percent of cow manure (the moisture content is-15 percent), 18 percent of corn straw segments (the moisture content is 20 percent, the segment length is 3cm, and the segment thickness is 0.5cm), 0.6 percent of slaked lime powder, 1.3 percent of boric sludge, 0.5 percent of ferrous sulfate, 2 percent of sodium polyamino acid, 2.4 percent of polyoxyethylene, 1.4 percent of starch grafted sodium acrylate, 0.5 percent of brassinolide and 0.7 percent of oligomeric chitosan; the preparation method comprises the steps of mixing, stirring uniformly, composting and fermenting for 1 month to obtain the components; the content of heavy metals and the content of harmful components in the obtained broussonetia papyrifera compound organic fertilizer are lower than the limits of the national Standard of NY 884-2012 biological organic fertilizer.

(3) Selecting paper mulberry seedlings: the paper mulberry seedling is a hybrid paper mulberry variety, the seedling is cultivated by adopting a degradable non-woven bag in the last 7 months, the average crude protein content of the tender leaves is more than 23 percent, the washing fiber content is less than 15 percent, the height of the plant is 35cm during transplanting, the epidermis of the main stem is yellow brown or dark brown, the stem and the branch are completely lignified, and the stem and the branch have no leaves.

(4) Transplanting: transplanting the paper mulberry in the middle-upper ten days of 3 months of the current year, digging small holes with the diameter of 15cm on the black mulching film every 80cm after the rainfall surface soil is thoroughly wetted, digging 1 small hole with the width of 10cm and the depth of 15cm below the small holes of the black mulching film by using a small tip hoe, transplanting dormant paper mulberry seedlings and a non-woven cloth bag into the small holes, planting 1 paper mulberry seedling in each hole, immediately covering soil on the small holes and compacting the paper mulberry seedlings, spraying 4kg of water on each hole, covering the small holes of the black mulching film with the originally-scratched black mulching film, and compacting the mulching film by using the soil.

(5) Cutting: when 3 new leaves grow out from the seedlings of the paper mulberry in the same year, horizontally cutting off the main stem at a position 12cm away from the ground so as to promote the germination of first-level lateral branches; when the first-level lateral branches grow to 50-60cm, cutting the first-level lateral branches at the positions 6cm away from the germination of the first-level lateral branches, and using the cut first-level lateral branches and fresh leaves as silage raw materials; after 10 months, when 80% of new branches grown from each batch of sprouts grow to 48cm, cutting the new branches at the sprouting positions of the new branches, and using the cut new branches and fresh leaves as silage raw materials; and new branches sprouting in 11 months and 12 months are not cut again and are preserved for overwintering.

And after transplanting for the second year, cutting off new branches remained in the last year at the sprouting positions in the middle ten days of 3 months every year, cutting off new branches and fresh leaves at the sprouting positions of the new branches to serve as ensiling raw materials before 80% of the new branches germinated and grown to 45cm, wherein the bases of the new branches are bright green, and the skins of the new branches do not have brown patches or become brown. New branches sprouting in 11 and 12 months per year are not cut again and are preserved for overwintering.

(6) Topdressing: in the last 5 months of the first year of transplanting, spraying 50 g/plant of urea and 30 g/plant of potassium chloride at a position 10cm away from the base of the paper mulberry in combination with rainfall; broadcasting compound fertilizer (N-P) in 10cm from the base of the paper mulberry in the last 8 months of the first year of transplantation in combination with rainfall₂O₅-K₂O is 15-5-10)50 g/strain.

Digging a ring ditch with the depth of 3cm at a position 15cm away from the base of the paper mulberry in the middle ten days of the year 3, applying 0.5 kg/plant of paper mulberry compound organic fertilizer in the ring ditch, and covering the organic fertilizer with dug soil in the next year and later; broadcasting compound fertilizer (N-P) at a distance of 15cm from the base of the paper mulberry in 6 late months of the year in combination with rainfall₂O₅-K₂O is 15-5-10)100 g/strain.

(7) Drought and water drenching: and 4 to 10 months every year, when the drought weather without rainfall occurs for more than 12 continuous days and the soil on the surface layer of the planting ditch has small cracks, 5kg of water is sprayed on the base of the paper mulberry tree.

(10) And (3) pest control: 1 light-operated black light trap lamp of 20W is installed in each 430 square meters of the paper mulberry planting field to trap and kill main pests, and the distance between a light source of the black light trap lamp and the ground is 2.5 m; when the broussonetia papyrifera has the leaf brown spot and the soft coal disease, pollution-free pesticide chlorothalonil and mancozeb are used for preventing and treating according to the dilution times and spraying times of the specification, but no pesticide is sprayed 20 days before each batch of silage raw materials are cut into the broussonetia papyrifera. The paper mulberry plant is sporadically and slightly damaged by diseases and pests, and damaged branches and leaves and corresponding diseases and pests can be removed in time; the paper mulberry plant is damaged seriously by diseases and insects and cannot sprout new branches or leaves, and the damaged plant is dug out with roots and burnt.

Comparative example 1

The preparation process is basically the same as that of the example 2, except that the raw materials of the compound organic fertilizer selected in the step (2) of preparing the land and burying the fertilizer lack of sodium polyamino acid, polyoxyethylene, starch grafted sodium acrylate, brassinolide and oligochitosan.

Comparative example 2

The preparation process is basically the same as that of the example 2, except that the raw materials of the compound organic fertilizer selected in the step (2) of preparing the land preparation and burying fertilizer lack sodium polyamino acid.

Comparative example 3

The preparation process is basically the same as that of the example 2, except that the raw materials of the compound organic fertilizer selected in the step (2) of preparing the land preparation and burying fertilizer lack polyethylene oxide.

Comparative example 4

The preparation process is basically the same as that of the example 2, except that the raw materials of the compound organic fertilizer selected in the step (2) of preparing the soil preparation and buried fertilizer lack starch grafted sodium acrylate.

Comparative example 5

The preparation process is basically the same as that of the example 2, except that the raw materials of the compound organic fertilizer selected in the step (2) of preparing soil and burying fertilizer lack brassinolide.

Comparative example 6

The preparation process is basically the same as that of the example 2, except that the raw materials of the compound organic fertilizer selected in the step (2) of preparing the land and the buried fertilizer lack the chitosan oligosaccharide.

Comparative example 7

The method of Chinese patent application document "a high-efficiency planting method of paper mulberry (publication number: CN 106718490A)" is adopted to plant paper mulberry in the method of examples 1-5.

Randomly selecting 28 acres of soil basically the same as that of the example 2 to plant the broussonetia papyrifera, dividing the soil into 14 blocks, wherein each block is 2 acres, and the 1 st block to the 9 th block are respectively planted with the method of the examples 1 to 3 and the comparative examples 1 to 6; 10 th to 14 th broussonetia papyrifera trees are planted by adopting the method of the embodiment 1 to 5 in the comparative example 7, the growth conditions of 14 broussonetia papyrifera trees are tracked and recorded, and the average wood yield per mu, the average leaf yield per mu, the average growth time, the average crude protein content and the average crude fat content of each broussonetia papyrifera tree are measured respectively, and the results are shown in the following table.

From the above table, it can be seen that: (1) as can be seen from the data of examples 1-3 and comparative example 7, the average wood yield per mu, the average leaf yield per mu, the average growth time, the average crude protein content and the average crude fat content of the broussonetia papyrifera planted by the method of examples 1-3 are all obviously improved, which shows that the method of the invention is superior to the prior art (comparative example 7), is beneficial to improving the yield, shortening the growth period of the broussonetia papyrifera and improving the quality and the production benefit; meanwhile, as can be seen from the data of examples 1 to 3, example 2 is the most preferred example.

The above description should not be taken as limiting the invention to the embodiments, but rather, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, numerous simplifications or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which shall be deemed to fall within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims appended hereto.

Claims

1. A cultivation method of paper mulberry trees as pollution-free silage raw materials in red soil dry land comprises the following steps: (1) selecting land; (2) soil preparation and fertilizer burying; (3) selecting paper mulberry seedlings; (4) transplanting; (5) cutting; (6) topdressing; (7) drought drenching; (8) removing weeds; (9) performing rooting management on paper mulberry vines; (10) pest control, its characterized in that: the compound organic fertilizer selected in the step (2) of land preparation and fertilizer burying comprises the following raw materials: urea, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, potassium chloride, pig manure, cow manure, corn straw segments, slaked lime powder, boric sludge, ferrous sulfate, sodium polyamino acid, polyoxyethylene, starch grafted sodium acrylate, brassinolide and chitosan oligosaccharide;

the weight ratio of the sodium polyamino acid to the polyoxyethylene to the starch grafted sodium acrylate to the brassinolide to the oligochitosan is (2-4) to (2.4-3) to (1.4-2) to (0.5-0.8) to (0.7-1.2);

selecting land: selecting a red soil dry land with the gradient of less than 30 degrees, the pH value of a 0-40cm soil layer of less than 6.5, the cadmium, mercury, arsenic, copper, lead, chromium and zinc contents of 0-40cm soil layers of less than 0.25mg/kg, 20mg/kg, 55mg/kg, 50mg/kg, 90mg/kg and 115mg/kg respectively, and the red soil dry land is 5 kilometers above from chemical plants, mining fields, smelting plants and other polluted waste gas discharge and dust pollution enterprises;

step (2) land preparation and fertilizer burying: transplanting the paper mulberry in the middle and last ten days of the last 10 months, mechanically removing weeds, shrubs and other crops on the ground surface and main root systems of plants in a 0-30cm deep soil layer; in the middle-upper ten days of 11 months, digging planting ditches with the depth of 30-35cm and the width of 40-45cm on the ground surface of the prepared land block at intervals of 45-50cm along the same contour line direction by using a mini excavator, turning out soil in the planting ditches, then burying the soil with the thickness of 5-6cm after spreading a paper mulberry compound organic fertilizer with the thickness of 2-3cm from the bottom of the ditches, enabling the paper mulberry compound organic fertilizer and the soil in the planting ditches to form a 3-5-layer sandwich cake structure, covering the surface layers of the planting ditches with the soil until the planting ditches are filled up, and then covering the planting ditches with black mulching films with the width of 50cm and the thickness of 0.01 mm;

selecting broussonetia papyrifera seedlings in the step (3): the paper mulberry seedlings are hybrid paper mulberry varieties, cutting seedlings, seedling seedlings or tissue culture seedlings are cultivated by adopting a degradable non-woven bag in the last 6-7 months, the average crude protein content of tender leaves is more than 23%, the washing fiber content is less than 16%, the height of the seedlings is 35-45cm during transplanting, the epidermis of a main stem is yellow brown or dark brown, the stem and the branch are completely lignified, and the stem and the branch have no leaves;

and (4) transplanting: transplanting paper mulberry trees in the first ten days of 3 months of the current year, digging small holes with the diameter of 15-20cm on a black mulching film every 80-85cm after rainfall surface soil is thoroughly wetted, digging 1 small hole with the width of 10cm and the depth of 15cm below the small hole of the black mulching film by a small tip hoe, transplanting dormant paper mulberry seedlings and a non-woven cloth bag into the small holes, planting 1 paper mulberry seedling in each hole, immediately covering soil and compacting the small holes and the paper mulberry seedlings, and spraying water 4-5kg in each hole, covering the small holes of the black mulching film with the originally-scratched black mulching film, and compacting the mulching film by soil;

the contents of cadmium, mercury, arsenic, lead, copper, chromium and zinc in the used drenching water are respectively lower than 0.005mg/kg, 0.001mg/kg, 0.02mg/kg, 0.03mg/kg, 0.01mg/kg, 0.04mg/kg and 1 mg/kg;

and (5) cutting: when 3-4 new leaves grow out from the seedlings of the paper mulberry in the current year, horizontally cutting off the main stem at a position 12-16cm away from the ground to promote the germination of first-level lateral branches; when the first-level lateral branches grow to 50-60cm, cutting the first-level lateral branches at the positions 6-8cm away from the germination of the first-level lateral branches, and using the cut first-level lateral branches and fresh leaves as silage raw materials; after 10 months, when 80% of new branches grown from each batch of sprouts grow to 45-50cm, cutting the new branches at the sprouting positions of the new branches, and using the cut new branches and fresh leaves as silage raw materials; the new branches sprouting in 11 months and 12 months are not cut again and are preserved for overwintering;

after transplanting for the second year, cutting off new branches remained in the last year at the germination positions in the middle ten days of 3 months every year, wherein 80-90% of the new branches germinated and grown later are 45-50cm long, the base parts of the new branches are bright green, and new branches and fresh leaves are cut at the germination positions of the new branches to serve as ensiling raw materials before brown patches do not appear on the surfaces of the new branches or the new branches become brown; new branches sprouting in 11 and 12 months per year are not cut again and are preserved for overwintering;

and (6) topdressing: broadcasting 50 g/plant of urea and 30 g/plant of potassium chloride at a position 10-20cm away from the base of the paper mulberry in the last 5 months of the first year of transplanting in combination with rainfall; broadcasting 50g of compound fertilizer per plant at a distance of 10-20cm from the base of the paper mulberry in the last 8 months of the first year of transplanting in combination with rainfall;

when fertilizing, the covered black mulching film is firstly lifted, and is restored to cover after the fertilizing is finished, and if the mulching film is seriously weathered and torn, the mulching film is replaced with a new mulching film in time;

step (7), drought water drenching: 4 to 10 months each year, when the drought weather without rainfall lasts for more than 12 continuous days and the surface soil of the planting ditch has small cracks, 5 to 6kg of water is sprayed on the base of the paper mulberry tree;

step (10), pest control: 1 light-controlled black light trap lamp of 20W is installed at each 400-450 square meters of the paper mulberry planting field to trap and kill main pests, and the distance between a light source of the black light trap lamp and the ground is 2.5 m; when the broussonetia papyrifera has the leaf brown spot and the soft coal disease, chlorothalonil and mancozeb are used for preventing and treating according to the dilution times and spraying times of the specification, but no pesticide is sprayed 20 days before each batch of silage raw material broussonetia papyrifera is cut; the paper mulberry plant is sporadically and slightly damaged by diseases and pests, and damaged branches and leaves and corresponding diseases and pests can be removed in time; the paper mulberry plant is damaged seriously by diseases and insects and cannot sprout new branches or leaves, and the damaged plant is dug out with roots and burnt.

2. The method for cultivating the paper mulberry trees in the red soil and dry land by using the pollution-free silage raw materials as claimed in claim 1, wherein the compound organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 4-8 parts of urea, 6-12 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 2-4 parts of potassium chloride, 10-20 parts of pig manure, 12-23 parts of cow manure, 18-35 parts of corn straw segments, 0.6-1.2 parts of slaked lime powder, 1.3-1.8 parts of boric sludge, 0.3-0.5 part of ferrous sulfate, 2-4 parts of sodium polyamino acid, 2.4-3 parts of polyoxyethylene, 1.4-2 parts of starch grafted sodium acrylate, 0.5-0.8 part of brassinolide and 0.7-1.2 parts of oligomeric chitosan.