CN108307965A - A kind of vernalization of paris polyphylla seed and method for culturing seedlings - Google Patents
A kind of vernalization of paris polyphylla seed and method for culturing seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN108307965A CN108307965A CN201810210740.6A CN201810210740A CN108307965A CN 108307965 A CN108307965 A CN 108307965A CN 201810210740 A CN201810210740 A CN 201810210740A CN 108307965 A CN108307965 A CN 108307965A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of vernalization of paris polyphylla seed and method for culturing seedlings, and this method comprises the following steps：By paris polyphylla seed remove exosper after, do not dry under the conditions of sand storage, the seed that must be showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally；The sand storage is by the paris polyphylla seed and sand by volume 1:3‑1:5 mixing.Vernalization using the present invention and method for culturing seedlings, the germination percentage of paris polyphylla seed is up to 89% or more, and seedling-growing time is short, root system is healthy and strong, growth of seedling is fast, is conducive to the utilization of paris polyphylla large-scale artificial cultivation and resource, growing-seedling period is shortened, seedling cost is saved considerably.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vernalization of paris polyphylla seed and method for culturing seedlings.
Background technology
Paris polyphylla is the rhizome of Liliales Trilliaceae plant Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis (Paris yunnanensis Franch.),
With important medical value, paris polyphylla is distributed that most wide, resource is the abundantest in Yunnan, but continuous with its commercial value
Soaring, wild resource had once been ransacked of the felling of formula, and wild paris polyphylla resource is closely exhausted in recent years.Therefore, how to protect
Natural paris polyphylla resource, effectively carries out artificial cultivation, and it is current urgent to realize that the sustainable use of paris polyphylla resource has become
Problem to be solved.
There is paris polyphylla seed the physiological property of embryo after-ripening to need to sprout by 2 years, largely in its natural state
Seed lose vitality during very long suspend mode.Paris polyphylla artificial breeding mainly has seed seedling-raising and rhizome segment at present
Two methods of nursery.Although rhizome segment nursery growing-seedling period is short, seedling cost is higher, is unfavorable for the extensive people of paris polyphylla
Work is cultivated.Seed seedling-raising has the physiological property of embryo after-ripening, emergence rate at a fairly low due to paris polyphylla seed.Existing cultural method Yunnan
The germination percentage of Paris polyphylla seed is generally 50-60% (seed number of germination/for seed number × 100% of detection), and emergence rate is general
For 70-85% (seed number × 100% of seed number/sowing of emergence), survival rate be generally 50-60% (the seedling number survived/
Seed number × 100% of emergence).Therefore, germination percentage, emergence rate, survival rate how to be improved and shortens growing-seedling period as Yunnan
The key technology of Paris polyphylla seed seedling-raising.
Invention content
Technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in overcome paris polyphylla seed natural propagation energy existing in the prior art
Power is low, emergence rate is low, survival rate is low and the defect of seeding stage length, provides vernalization and the nursery side of a kind of paris polyphylla seed
Method.The vernalization and method for culturing seedlings of the present invention effectively increases the germination percentage, emergence rate and survival rate of paris polyphylla seed, while significantly
Seedling-growing time is shortened, and easy to operate, simple and easy to do, economical quick.
The present invention provides a kind of method for culturing seedlings of paris polyphylla seed comprising following steps：
(1) vernalization：By paris polyphylla seed remove exosper after, do not dry under the conditions of sand storage, the seed that must be showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally；Institute
It is by the paris polyphylla seed and sand by volume 1 to state sand storage:3-1:5 mixing；
(2) it sows；
(3) seedling management.
In step (1), the paris polyphylla can be the paris polyphylla kind of this field routine, vegetable formal name Paris
yunnanensis Franch.。
In step (1), the place of the sand storage can by the area of 1800-3000 meters of this field conventional selection height above sea level, such as
Yun-Gui Plateau, preferably height above sea level 1800-2000 meters of Yun-Gui Plateau, such as Dali Bai Autonomous prefecture, Yunnan.Root
According to the place of sand storage, skilled person will appreciate that the day and night temperature of the sand storage is 10-20 DEG C.
In step (1), the paris polyphylla seed and sand volumes ratio are preferably 1:3-1:4, it is more preferably 1:3.
In step (1), the paris polyphylla seed can be the fresh seeds picked in the current year of the sand storage.The picking
When time can be that paris polyphylla seed exosper is completely scarlet.In general, in the area of 1800-2000 meters of height above sea level, such as
The exosper of Yun-Gui Plateau, paris polyphylla seed starts ripe cracking in September part, completely scarlet to exosper in October.
In step (1), for " by sand storage is carried out after paris polyphylla seed removing exosper, under the conditions of not drying ", this field
Technical staff knows, does not include generally and dries the seed for removing exosper, relapses the step of water impregnates expansion.
In step (1), the method for removing exosper can be the method for this field routine, for example, by the paris polyphylla
Seed is rubbed, you can；It is rubbed preferably, wrapping up the paris polyphylla seed with mesh bag, you can.The mesh bag can be that this field is conventional
Mesh bag, such as 60 mesh nylon net bags.
In step (1), the sand storage can be the sand storage at shady and cool low temperature of this field routine, preferably be placed in ventilative
Sand storage in nursery basket.The ventilative nursery basket can be the ventilative nursery basket of this field routine, for example, being covered with the nursery of gauze
Basket.
In step (1), the thickness of the sand storage can be the sand storage thickness of this field routine, preferably 20-25cm, such as
22cm, 23cm or 25cm are more preferably 20cm.
In step (1), preferably, after the sand storage, it is primary every watering in 10 days or so.The amount of the watering can be ability
The watering amount of domain routine makes dissipating for the agglomerating pine that the sand picks up.
In step (1), the sand can be the sand of this field routine, and preferably thin river sand is more preferably washed for clear water
Only, the thin river sand after solar exposure.The thin river sand can be the thin river sand of this field routine, and sand particle size range generally exists
0.25-0.35mm, sand clay content are 5-15%, and percentage refers to that the quality of soil in sand accounts for the percentage of sand gross mass
Than.
In step (1), the time and location of the sand storage can be the time of this field routine, and sand storage to seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
Preferably, in the Yun-Gui Plateau of 1800-2000 meters of height above sea level, sand storage 60 days or so.
In step (2), the sowing can be the sowing of this field routine, for example, the seed that will be showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally described in step (1)
It is seeded in nursery, you can；Preferably, before sowing, the nursery covers substrate soil, after planting, the seed overlying substrate soil；
More preferably, before sowing, the nursery covers sand again after covering substrate soil, after planting, the seed overlying substrate soil.This preferred skill
Art scheme can further increase emergence rate.
Wherein, the substrate soil can be this field it is conventional for sowing, the soil of nursery, preferably " containing the raw-soil, corruption
The composite soil of ripe farm manure and plant ash " and/or leaf mould are more preferably leaf mould.
Primary soil that the raw-soil refers to self-assembling formation, being upset without the mankind.The well-rotted farmyard manure refers to herding
The organic fertilizer that the fecaluria of poultry, barnyard manure, green manure, compost and one or more fermentations in making compost are formed.The plant ash refers to
Residue after burning plants.
The volume ratio of the raw-soil, farm manure and plant ash can be the ratio of this field routine, such as 4 in the composite soil:5:1
Or 3:1:4.
The leaf mould can be that the plant leaf of this field routine is formed after microorganism decomposition is fermented in the soil
Thin leaf mould after the crushing of Nutrition Soil, preferably pulverizer.
Wherein, the nursery cover substrate soil thickness can be this field routine thickness, preferably 3-5cm, such as
3cm, 4cm or 5cm are more preferably 5cm.
Wherein, the thickness of the seed overlying substrate soil can be this field routine thickness, preferably 2-3cm, such as
2cm, 2.5cm or 3cm are more preferably 3cm.
Wherein, the seed spacing of the sowing can be the spacing of this field routine, such as 2cm.
Wherein, the time of the sowing can be this field routine time, preferably seed show money or valuables one carries unintentionally December current year or
January next year.
Wherein, preferably, the sowing rear cover pine needle is suppressed.
Wherein, the nursery can be that the soil is porous, fertile, moistening, well-drained soil for this field routine, generally
The processing such as solar protection devices are built through basal dressing, top.
The methods of cultivation of the basal dressing can be the methods of cultivation of this field routine, mix base manure after generally ploughing deeply and ted,
Flatten bedding；Preferably, after the nursery is ploughed deeply, it is exposed to the sun, mixes the shallow plough of base manure and ted.Described plough deeply can be that this field is conventional
Operation, is preferably ploughed deeply to 15-20cm.The bedding can be the operation of this field routine, and preferably farming is at wide 0.8-
The long furrow of 1.2m, the high 15-20cm in the furrow ridge.The width of the furrow can be 0.8m, 1m or 1.2m.Furrow ridge height can be 16cm, 18cm
Or 20cm.
The base manure can be the fertilizer of this field routine, preferably farm manure and/or composite fertilizer.
The type of the farm manure can be the farm manure of this field routine, preferably sheep dung excrement, cow dung excrement and pig dung excrement
In it is one or more, be more preferably sheep dung excrement.
The amount of application of the farm manure can be this field routine amount of application, preferably 700-1000kg/ mus, such as
700kg/ mus, 800kg/ mus or 1000kg/ mus.
The type of the composite fertilizer can be the composite fertilizer of this field routine, such as commercially available N:P:The ratio 10 of K:14:24
Composite fertilizer.
The amount of application of the composite fertilizer can be the amount of application of this field routine, preferably 10-20kg/ mus, such as 10kg/
Mu, 15kg/ mus or 20kg/ mus.
The solar protection devices can be the solar protection devices of this field routine, preferably sunshade.
The light transmittance of the solar protection devices can be this field routine light transmittance, preferably 25-50%, for example, 25%,
40% or 50%.
Preferably, the nursery is equipped with equipment of sprinkler irrigation.
In step (3), the seedling management can be the seedling management of this field routine, and period is generally after planting to kind
Seedling goes out 4 leaves, preferably：Before emergence, moisturizing of spraying water；After emerging for the first time, foliar fertilizer is monthly sprayed；Second of emergence is extremely planted
Seedling goes out 4 leaves, applies root fertilizer.
Wherein, the frequency sprayed water before the emergence can be the frequency of this field routine, such as per 5-7 days/time.The water spray
Amount can be this field routine water spray, holding ground moistening.
Wherein, after the first time emergence, the type of the foliar fertilizer can be the composite fertilizer of this field routine, such as commercially available
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate.The concentration of the foliar fertilizer in aqueous solution can be this field routine concentration, preferably 1-2 ‰, more
It is goodly 2 ‰, permillage refers to the ratio between the quality (g) of foliar fertilizer and the volume (mL) of aqueous solution.
Wherein, can routinely spray water moisturizing before second of emergence by this field, such as per 8-10 days/time.The water spray
Amount can be this field routine water spray, holding ground moistening.
Wherein, second emergence goes out 4 leaves to seedling, the type for spraying root fertilizer can be this field routine composite fertilizer and/
Or farm manure.
The type of the composite fertilizer can be the composite fertilizer of this field routine, preferably N:P:K=10:14:24 it is compound
Fertilizer.
The amount of application of the composite fertilizer can be this field routine amount of application, preferably 10-20kg/ mus, more preferably for
20kg/ mus.
The farm manure can be the farm manure of this field routine, preferably one in sheep dung excrement, cow dung excrement and pig dung excrement
Kind is a variety of, is more preferably sheep dung excrement；This optimal technical scheme can further increase kind of a shoot survival percent.The farm manure is applied
Dosage can be this field routine amount of application, preferably 200-300kg/ mus, such as 200kg/ mus or 300kg/ mus.
Preferably, the farm manure can be applied again after crushed.
Those skilled in the art know, after seedling goes out 4 leaves, you can transplanting.The time of the transplanting can be by this field
When conventional selection seedling aerial part is withered and yellow, generally in time early winter autumn Mo current year, such as after second emerges or third time goes out
After seedling before the Beginning of Winter in October-of current year, it is no more than the autumn of current year after the 4th emergence the latest, otherwise can influences seedling and normally give birth to
It is long.Autumn transplanting after second of emergence before the Beginning of Winter in October-of current year, this time point dramatically save seedling cost,
Growing-seedling period is realized to have been shortened within 3 years 2 years by routine is required.
The present invention also provides a kind of germination accelerating methods of paris polyphylla seed comprising following steps：Paris polyphylla seed is removed
After removing exosper, sand storage, the seed that must be showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally under the conditions of not drying；The sand storage is by the paris polyphylla seed and sand
By volume 1:3-1:5 mixing.
The paris polyphylla seed and the sand storage are defined as above.
On the basis of common knowledge of the art, above-mentioned each optimum condition can be combined arbitrarily to get each preferable reality of the present invention
Example.
The reagents and materials used in the present invention are commercially available.
The positive effect of the present invention is that：
(1) method for culturing seedlings using the present invention, the germination percentage of paris polyphylla seed is up to 89% or more, leaf mould insemination and emergence
For rate up to 90% or more, sheep dung excrement makees root fertilizer kind shoot survival percent up to 80% or more, improves the utilization of paris polyphylla seed resource
Rate.
(2) the method for culturing seedlings paris polyphylla seed sprouting time of the invention is short, root system is healthy and strong, growth of seedling is fast, is conducive to Yunnan
The utilization of Paris polyphylla large-scale artificial cultivation and resource.
(3) method for culturing seedlings of the invention has been substantially shorter growing-seedling period, growing-seedling period can be shortened to 2 years from 3 years, shows
Work saves seedling cost.
Specific implementation mode
It is further illustrated the present invention below by the mode of embodiment, but does not therefore limit the present invention to the reality
It applies among a range.In the following examples, the experimental methods for specific conditions are not specified, according to conventional methods and conditions, or according to quotient
Product specification selects.
In following embodiment and comparative examples, germination percentage, emergence rate, the calculation of survival rate and light transmittance are as described below：
Germination percentage：The seed number of germination/for seed number × 100% of detection；
Emergence rate：Seed number × 100% of seed number/sowing of emergence；
Survival rate：：Seed number × 100% of the seedling number/emergence survived；
Light transmittance：Cross the luminous flux of sunshade and the percentage of its incident flux.
Embodiment 1
A kind of vernalization of paris polyphylla seed and method for culturing seedlings, its step are as follows：
(1) harvesting of paris polyphylla seed：Paris polyphylla seed starts ripe cracking in September part, to exosper (fruit in October
Meat) when become scarlet, full maturity completely, seed is picked in time.
(2) vernalization of paris polyphylla seed：The paris polyphylla seed harvested is put into 60 mesh nylon net bags in time and is washed with water
Exosper (pulp), wash clean are removed in method stranding.Clean seed puts shady place moisturizing, reduces water loss as far as possible, avoids sunlight photograph
It penetrates.Seed is cleaned with dustpan, rejects seed that is not full, having damaged.It is wet by what is cleaned in time in the state of seed humidity
Seed and clean thin river sand by volume 1:3 ratio is uniformly mixed, and is avoided seed and has been done just with the mixing of thin river sand, adds suitable quantity of water
It is uniformly mixed, the i.e. scattered state for the agglomerating pine that amount of water control is picked up in sand.One piece thick gauze is put in nursery basket, will be stirred
It mixes uniformly mixed seed and thin river sand is placed on thick gauze, sand storage thickness 20cm, seed must not expose Shamian Island, and top cover returns thickness
Gauze, in shady place low temperature sand storage.Humidity is controlled, watering in general 10 days or so is primary and is gently mixed mixing, humid control
In the i.e. scattered state for the agglomerating pine that sand is picked up, sand storage can germinate for two months or so.Under December current year or January next year
It sows on ground.
(3) preparation in paris polyphylla breeding seedbed：Seedbed preparatory work is first carried out during vernalization.Nursery is chosen first,
Nursery should select the soil is porous, it is fertile, moistening, well-drained soil, first plough deeply 15-20cm, be exposed to the sun, then mix farm manure
Shallow plough teds, apply 1000kg/ mus of sheep dung excrement, composite fertilizer 15kg/ mus, subterranean pest-insect of nipping in the bud picks up stone, and leveling rake is thin.
Break into the long furrow of 0.8m wide, the high 16cm in the furrow ridge.Put up sunshade, light transmittance 50%.Equipment of sprinkler irrigation is installed, waits sowing.
(4) sowing of paris polyphylla：After the paris polyphylla seed of sand storage all germination, December current year or January next year
Start to sow.The preceding leaf mould in the one layer of 3cm thickness in ready seedbed upper berth is sowed, it is sudden and violent to spread a thin layer of process on leaf mould
The thin river sand shone, the seed handled well is uniformly sowed, seed spacing 2cm covers leaf mould 2cm.It is slightly suppressed after broadcasting, covers one
The uniform pine needle of layer.
(5) management of paris polyphylla seed after planting：After planting, the water spray moisturizing per 5-7 days, controls soil moisture.Sowing
Month current year 3-4 starts to emerge；To 6-7 months, emerge for the first time complete, current year seedling goes out 1-2 piece leaves；Wait for that paris polyphylla seedling goes out
Together, the monthly commercially available biphosphate potassium foliage fertilizer of foliage-spray, a concentration of the 1 ‰ of foliar fertilizer aqueous solution, permillage refers to blade face
The ratio between the volume (mL) of the quality (g) and aqueous solution of fertilizer.Rainy season regards precipitation and takes the circumstances into consideration to spray water or drain flooded fields, and controls soil moisture.
Timely weeding, one layer of pine needle of lid again when entering the winter are no longer sprayed water after one layer of pine needle of winter lid.After emerging for the first time in March next year
Per 8-10 days, water of spray, 6-7 months emerged completely for the second time after the beginning of spring in the last ten-days period, and paris polyphylla seedling goes out 4 leaves at this time, per acre
It dissipates and applies the sheep dung excrement 200kg that crushed as root fertilizer.Rainy season regards precipitation and takes the circumstances into consideration to spray water or drain flooded fields, and controls soil moisture.And
When weeding.It emerges or so October current year-can be transplanted before the Beginning of Winter for the second time.
The germination percentage of the present embodiment paris polyphylla seed is 91.2%, and the emergence rate of paris polyphylla seed can reach 94.3%, educate
The seedling period is the paris polyphylla kind shoot survival percent 82% in seedbed after 2 years, 2 years.
Embodiment 2
A kind of vernalization of paris polyphylla seed and method for culturing seedlings, its step are as follows：
(1) harvesting of paris polyphylla seed：Paris polyphylla seed starts ripe cracking in September part, to exosper (fruit in October
Meat) when become scarlet, full maturity completely, seed is picked in time.
(2) vernalization of paris polyphylla seed：The paris polyphylla seed harvested is put into 60 mesh nylon net bags in time and is washed with water
Exosper (pulp), wash clean are removed in method stranding.Clean seed puts shady place moisturizing, reduces water loss as far as possible, avoids sunlight photograph
It penetrates.Seed is cleaned with dustpan, rejects seed that is not full, having damaged.It is wet by what is cleaned in time in the state of seed humidity
Seed and clean thin river sand by volume 1:4 ratio is uniformly mixed, and is avoided seed and has been done just with the mixing of thin river sand, adds suitable quantity of water
It is uniformly mixed, the i.e. scattered state for the agglomerating pine that amount of water control is picked up in sand.One piece thick gauze is put in nursery basket, will be stirred
It mixes uniformly mixed seed and thin river sand is placed on thick gauze, sand storage thickness 23cm, seed must not expose Shamian Island, and top cover returns thickness
Gauze, in shady place low temperature sand storage.Humidity is controlled, watering in general 10 days or so is primary and is gently mixed mixing, humid control
In the i.e. scattered state for the agglomerating pine that sand is picked up, sand storage can germinate for two months or so.Under December current year or January next year
It sows on ground.
(3) preparation in paris polyphylla breeding seedbed：Seedbed preparatory work is first carried out during vernalization.Nursery is chosen first,
Nursery should select the soil is porous, it is fertile, moistening, well-drained soil, first plough deeply 15-20cm, be exposed to the sun, then mix farm manure
Shallow plough teds, apply 800kg/ mus of sheep dung excrement, composite fertilizer 20kg/ mus, subterranean pest-insect of nipping in the bud picks up stone, and leveling rake is thin.It beats
At the long furrow of 1m wide, the high 18cm in the furrow ridge.Put up sunshade, light transmittance 40%.Equipment of sprinkler irrigation is installed, waits sowing.
(4) sowing of paris polyphylla：After the paris polyphylla seed of sand storage all germination, December current year or January next year
Start to sow.The preceding leaf mould in the one layer of 4cm thickness in ready seedbed upper berth is sowed, it is sudden and violent to spread a thin layer of process on leaf mould
The thin river sand shone, the seed handled well is uniformly sowed, seed spacing 2cm covers leaf mould 2.5cm.It slightly suppresses, covers after broadcasting
One layer of uniform pine needle.
(5) management of paris polyphylla seed after planting：After planting, the water spray moisturizing per 5-7 days, controls soil moisture.Sowing
3 start to emerge to April for the year；To 6-7 months, emerge for the first time complete, current year seedling goes out 1-2 piece leaves；Wait for paris polyphylla seedling
It all sprouts, monthly the commercially available biphosphate potassium foliage fertilizer of foliage-spray, a concentration of the 2 ‰ of foliar fertilizer aqueous solution, permillage refers to leaf
The ratio between the quality (g) of leaven and the volume (mL) of aqueous solution.Rainy season regards precipitation and takes the circumstances into consideration to spray water or drain flooded fields, and it is wet to control soil
Degree.Timely weeding, one layer of pine needle of lid again when entering the winter are no longer sprayed water after one layer of pine needle of winter lid.March next year after emerging for the first time
Per 8-10 days, water of spray, the 6-7 months emerged completely for the second time after beginning of spring the middle ten days and the last ten days, and paris polyphylla seedling goes out 4 leaves at this time, per acre
It dissipates and applies the sheep dung excrement 300kg that crushed as root fertilizer.Rainy season regards precipitation and takes the circumstances into consideration to spray water or drain flooded fields, and controls soil moisture.And
When weeding.It emerges or so October current year-can be transplanted before the Beginning of Winter for the second time.
The germination percentage of the present embodiment paris polyphylla seed is 89.8%, and the emergence rate of paris polyphylla seed can reach 94.8%, educate
The seedling period is the paris polyphylla kind shoot survival percent 84% in seedbed after 2 years, 2 years.
Embodiment 3
A kind of vernalization of paris polyphylla seed and method for culturing seedlings, its step are as follows：
(1) harvesting of paris polyphylla seed：Paris polyphylla seed starts ripe cracking in September part, to exosper (fruit in October
Meat) when become scarlet, full maturity completely, seed is picked in time.
(2) vernalization of paris polyphylla seed：The paris polyphylla seed harvested is put into 60 mesh nylon net bags in time and is washed with water
Exosper (pulp), wash clean are removed in method stranding.Clean seed puts shady place moisturizing, reduces water loss as far as possible, avoids sunlight photograph
It penetrates.Seed is cleaned with dustpan, rejects seed that is not full, having damaged.It is wet by what is cleaned in time in the state of seed humidity
Seed and clean thin river sand by volume 1:4 ratio is uniformly mixed, and is avoided seed and has been done just with the mixing of thin river sand, adds suitable quantity of water
It is uniformly mixed, the i.e. scattered state for the agglomerating pine that amount of water control is picked up in sand.One piece thick gauze is put in nursery basket, will be stirred
It mixes uniformly mixed seed and thin river sand is placed on thick gauze, sand storage thickness 23cm, seed must not expose Shamian Island, and top cover returns thickness
Gauze, in shady place low temperature sand storage.Humidity is controlled, watering in general 10 days or so is primary and is gently mixed mixing, humid control
In the i.e. scattered state for the agglomerating pine that sand is picked up, sand storage can germinate for two months or so.Under December current year or January next year
It sows on ground.
(3) preparation in paris polyphylla breeding seedbed：Seedbed preparatory work is first carried out during vernalization.Nursery is chosen first,
Nursery should select the soil is porous, it is fertile, moistening, well-drained soil, first plough deeply 15-20cm, be exposed to the sun, then mix farm manure
Shallow plough teds, apply 800kg/ mus of sheep dung excrement, composite fertilizer 20kg/ mus, subterranean pest-insect of nipping in the bud picks up stone, and leveling rake is thin.It beats
At the long furrow of 1m wide, the high 18cm in the furrow ridge.Put up sunshade, light transmittance 40%.Equipment of sprinkler irrigation is installed, waits sowing.
(4) sowing of paris polyphylla：After the paris polyphylla seed of sand storage all germination, December current year or January next year
Start to sow.The seed handled well is uniformly sowed directly on seedbed, seed spacing 2cm covers seedbed soil 2.5cm.After broadcasting slightly
Add suppression, the uniform pine needle of lid last layer.
(5) management of paris polyphylla seed after planting：After planting, the water spray moisturizing per 5-7 days, controls soil moisture.Sowing
Month current year 3-4 starts to emerge, and arrives 6-7 months, emerges for the first time complete, current year seedling goes out 1 leaf；Wait for that paris polyphylla seedling all sprouts,
The monthly commercially available biphosphate potassium foliage fertilizer of foliage-spray, a concentration of the 2 ‰ of foliar fertilizer aqueous solution, permillage refers to foliar fertilizer
The ratio between the volume (mL) of quality (g) and aqueous solution.Rainy season regards precipitation and takes the circumstances into consideration to spray water or drain flooded fields, and controls soil moisture.In time
Weeding, one layer of pine needle of lid again when entering the winter are no longer sprayed water after one layer of pine needle of winter lid.The middle ten days and the last ten days March next year after emerging for the first time
Per 8-10 days, water of spray, the 6-7 months emerged completely for the second time after the beginning of spring, and paris polyphylla seedling largely goes out 2 leaves at this time, on a small quantity
Seedling goes out 4 leaves, dissipates apply commercially available composite fertilizer (N per acre:P:K=10:14:24) 20kg is as root fertilizer.Rainy season drinks regarding precipitation
Feelings are sprayed water or water drainage, control soil moisture.Timely weeding.The seedling management in third year is consistent with second year.October in third year
It can be transplanted before part or so-the Beginning of Winter.
The germination percentage of the present embodiment paris polyphylla seed is 90.1%, and the emergence rate of paris polyphylla seed is 64.7%, nursery week
Phase is the paris polyphylla kind shoot survival percent 59.8% in seedbed after 3 years, 3 years.
Embodiment 4
A kind of vernalization of paris polyphylla seed and method for culturing seedlings, its step are as follows：
(1) harvesting of paris polyphylla seed：Paris polyphylla seed starts ripe cracking in September part, to exosper (fruit in October
Meat) when become scarlet, full maturity completely, seed is picked in time.
(2) vernalization of paris polyphylla seed：The paris polyphylla seed harvested is put into 60 mesh nylon net bags in time and is washed with water
Exosper (pulp), wash clean are removed in method stranding.Clean seed puts shady place moisturizing, reduces water loss as far as possible, avoids sunlight photograph
It penetrates.Seed is cleaned with dustpan, rejects seed that is not full, having damaged.It is wet by what is cleaned in time in the state of seed humidity
Seed and clean thin river sand by volume 1:5 ratio is uniformly mixed, and is avoided seed and has been done just with the mixing of thin river sand, adds suitable quantity of water
It is uniformly mixed, the i.e. scattered state for the agglomerating pine that amount of water control is picked up in sand.One piece thick gauze is put in nursery basket, will be stirred
It mixes uniformly mixed seed and thin river sand is placed on thick gauze, sand storage thickness 25cm, seed must not expose Shamian Island, and top cover returns thickness
Gauze, in shady place low temperature sand storage.Humidity is controlled, watering in general 10 days or so is primary and is gently mixed mixing, humid control
In the i.e. scattered state for the agglomerating pine that sand is picked up, sand storage can germinate for two months or so.Under December current year or January next year
It sows on ground.
(3) preparation in paris polyphylla breeding seedbed：Seedbed preparatory work is first carried out during vernalization.Nursery is chosen first,
Nursery should select the soil is porous, it is fertile, moistening, well-drained soil, first plough deeply 15-20cm, be exposed to the sun, then mix farm manure
Shallow plough teds, and applies 700kg/ mus of sheep dung excrement, adds composite fertilizer 10kg/ mus, subterranean pest-insect of nipping in the bud, and picks up stone, and leveling rake is thin.
Break into the long furrow of 1.2m wide, the high 20cm in the furrow ridge.Put up sunshade, light transmittance 25%.Equipment of sprinkler irrigation is installed, waits sowing.
(4) sowing of paris polyphylla：After the paris polyphylla seed of sand storage all germination, December current year or January next year
Start to sow.The preceding leaf mould in the one layer of 5cm thickness in ready seedbed upper berth is sowed, it is sudden and violent to spread a thin layer of process on leaf mould
The thin river sand shone, the seed handled well is uniformly sowed, seed spacing 2cm covers leaf mould 3cm.It is slightly suppressed after broadcasting, covers one
The uniform pine needle of layer.
(5) management of paris polyphylla seed after planting：After planting, the water spray moisturizing per 5-7 days, controls soil moisture.Sowing
Month current year 3-4 starts to emerge；To 6-7 months, emerge for the first time complete, current year seedling goes out 1-2 piece leaves；Wait for that paris polyphylla seedling goes out
Together, the monthly commercially available biphosphate potassium foliage fertilizer of foliage-spray, a concentration of the 2.5 ‰ of foliar fertilizer aqueous solution, permillage refers to leaf
The ratio between the quality (g) of leaven and the volume (mL) of aqueous solution.Rainy season regards precipitation and takes the circumstances into consideration to spray water or drain flooded fields, and it is wet to control soil
Degree.Timely weeding, one layer of pine needle of lid again when entering the winter are no longer sprayed water after one layer of pine needle of winter lid.March next year after emerging for the first time
Per 8-10 days, water of spray, the 6-7 months emerged completely for the second time after beginning of spring the middle ten days and the last ten days, and paris polyphylla seedling goes out 4 leaves at this time, per acre
It dissipates and applies the sheep dung excrement 300kg that crushed as root fertilizer.Rainy season regards precipitation and takes the circumstances into consideration to spray water or drain flooded fields, and controls soil moisture.And
When weeding.It emerges or so October current year-can be transplanted before the Beginning of Winter for the second time.
The germination percentage of the present embodiment paris polyphylla seed is 89.4%, and the emergence rate of paris polyphylla seed can reach 95.7%, educate
The seedling period is that the paris polyphylla kind shoot survival percent in seedbed is 85.2% after 2 years, 2 years.
Embodiment 5
A kind of vernalization of paris polyphylla seed and method for culturing seedlings, its step are as follows：
(1) harvesting of paris polyphylla seed：With embodiment 1.
(2) vernalization of paris polyphylla seed：Embodiment 1 simultaneously.
(3) preparation in paris polyphylla breeding seedbed：Seedbed preparatory work is first carried out during vernalization.Nursery is chosen first,
Nursery should select the soil is porous, it is fertile, moistening, well-drained soil.It ploughs deeply 15-20cm, be exposed to the sun, shallow plough teds, and does not apply
Farm manure and composite fertilizer, subterranean pest-insect of nipping in the bud pick up stone, and leveling rake is thin.Break into the length of 0.8m wide, the high 16cm in the furrow ridge
Furrow.Put up sunshade, light transmittance 50%.Equipment of sprinkler irrigation is installed, waits sowing.
(4) sowing of paris polyphylla：After the paris polyphylla seed of sand storage all germination, December current year or January next year
Start to sow.The seed Direct Uniform handled well is broadcast in seedbed soil, seed spacing 2cm covers seedbed soil 2cm.After broadcasting slightly
Suppression, the uniform pine needle of lid last layer.
(5) management of paris polyphylla seed after planting：After planting, the water spray moisturizing per 5-7 days, controls soil moisture.Sowing
Month current year 3-4 starts to emerge；To 6-7 months, emerge for the first time complete, current year seedling goes out 1-2 piece leaves；Wait for that paris polyphylla seedling goes out
Together, the monthly commercially available biphosphate potassium foliage fertilizer of foliage-spray, a concentration of the 1 ‰ of foliar fertilizer aqueous solution, permillage refers to blade face
The ratio between the volume (mL) of the quality (g) and aqueous solution of fertilizer.Rainy season regards precipitation and takes the circumstances into consideration to spray water or drain flooded fields, and controls soil moisture.
Timely weeding, one layer of pine needle of lid again when entering the winter are no longer sprayed water after one layer of pine needle of winter lid.3 parts of middle of the month of next year after emerging for the first time
Per 8-10 days, water of spray, 6-7 months emerged completely for the second time after the beginning of spring in the last ten-days period, and paris polyphylla seedling counts 2 leaves mostly at this time
Son goes out 4 leaves on a small quantity, dissipates apply the sheep dung excrement 200kg that crushed as root fertilizer per acre.Rainy season regards precipitation and takes the circumstances into consideration to spray water or arrange
Soil moisture is controlled in flood.Timely weeding.The seedling management in third year is consistent with second year.Or so October in third year-the Beginning of Winter
Before can transplant.
The germination percentage of the present embodiment paris polyphylla seed is 92.0%, and the emergence rate of paris polyphylla seed is 58.4%, nursery week
Phase is the paris polyphylla kind shoot survival percent 54.0% in seedbed after 3 years, 3 years.
Embodiment 6
A kind of vernalization of paris polyphylla seed and method for culturing seedlings, its step are as follows：
(1) harvesting of paris polyphylla seed：With embodiment 1.
(2) vernalization of paris polyphylla seed：With embodiment 1.
(3) preparation in paris polyphylla breeding seedbed：With embodiment 1.
(4) sowing of paris polyphylla：After the paris polyphylla seed of sand storage all germination, December current year or January next year
Start to sow.In the composite soil (raw-soil of the one layer of 3cm thickness in ready seedbed upper berth before sowing：Well-rotted farmyard manure：Plant ash=4：
5:1) the thin river sand that a thin layer of process is exposed to the sun, is spread on composite soil, and the seed handled well is uniformly sowed, seed spacing 2cm,
Cover composite soil 2cm.It is slightly suppressed after broadcasting, the uniform pine needle of lid last layer.
(5) management of paris polyphylla seed after planting：After planting, the water spray moisturizing per 5-7 days, controls soil moisture.Sowing
Month current year 3-4 starts to emerge；To 6-7 months, emerge for the first time complete, current year seedling goes out 1-2 piece leaves；Wait for that paris polyphylla seedling goes out
Together, the monthly commercially available biphosphate potassium foliage fertilizer of foliage-spray, a concentration of the 1 ‰ of foliar fertilizer aqueous solution, permillage refers to blade face
The ratio between the volume (mL) of the quality (g) and aqueous solution of fertilizer.Rainy season regards precipitation and takes the circumstances into consideration to spray water or drain flooded fields, and controls soil moisture.
Timely weeding, one layer of pine needle of lid again when entering the winter are no longer sprayed water after one layer of pine needle of winter lid.After emerging for the first time in March next year
Per 8-10 days, water of spray, 6-7 months emerged completely for the second time after the beginning of spring in the last ten-days period, and paris polyphylla seedling counts 2 leaves mostly at this time
Son goes out 4 leaves on a small quantity, dissipates apply the sheep dung excrement 200kg that crushed as root fertilizer per acre.Rainy season regards precipitation and takes the circumstances into consideration to spray water or arrange
Soil moisture is controlled in flood.Timely weeding.The seedling management in third year is consistent with second year.Or so October in third year-the Beginning of Winter
Before can transplant.
The germination percentage of the present embodiment paris polyphylla seed is 90.6%, and the emergence rate of paris polyphylla seed can reach 68.7%, educate
The seedling period is the paris polyphylla kind shoot survival percent 62.3% in seedbed after 3 years, 3 years.
Embodiment 7
A kind of vernalization of paris polyphylla seed and method for culturing seedlings, its step are as follows：
(1) harvesting of paris polyphylla seed：With embodiment 1.
(2) vernalization of paris polyphylla seed：With embodiment 1.
(3) preparation in paris polyphylla breeding seedbed：Seedbed preparatory work is first carried out during vernalization.Nursery is chosen first,
Nursery should select the soil is porous, it is fertile, moistening, well-drained soil, first plough deeply 15-20cm, be exposed to the sun, then mix farm manure
Shallow plough teds, apply 1000kg/ mus of cow dung excrement, composite fertilizer 15kg/ mus, subterranean pest-insect of nipping in the bud picks up stone, and leveling rake is thin.
Break into the long furrow of 0.8m wide, the high 16cm in the furrow ridge.Put up sunshade, light transmittance 50%.Equipment of sprinkler irrigation is installed, waits sowing.
(4) sowing of paris polyphylla：With embodiment 1.
(5) management of paris polyphylla seed after planting：After planting, the water spray moisturizing per 5-7 days, controls soil moisture.Sowing
Month current year 3-4 starts to emerge；To 6-7 months, emerge for the first time complete, current year seedling goes out 1-2 piece leaves；Wait for that paris polyphylla seedling goes out
Together, the monthly commercially available biphosphate potassium foliage fertilizer of foliage-spray, a concentration of the 1 ‰ of foliar fertilizer aqueous solution, permillage refers to blade face
The ratio between the volume (mL) of the quality (g) and aqueous solution of fertilizer.Rainy season regards precipitation and takes the circumstances into consideration to spray water or drain flooded fields, and controls soil moisture.
Timely weeding, one layer of pine needle of lid again when entering the winter are no longer sprayed water after one layer of pine needle of winter lid.After emerging for the first time in March next year
Per 8-10 days, water of spray, 6-7 months emerged completely for the second time after the beginning of spring in the last ten-days period, and paris polyphylla seedling goes out 4 leaves at this time, per acre
It dissipates and applies the cow dung excrement 200kg that crushed as root fertilizer.Rainy season regards precipitation and takes the circumstances into consideration to spray water or drain flooded fields, and controls soil moisture.And
When weeding.It emerges or so October current year-can be transplanted before the Beginning of Winter for the second time.
The germination percentage of the present embodiment paris polyphylla seed is 91.5%, and the emergence rate of paris polyphylla seed can reach 93.8%, educate
The seedling period is the paris polyphylla kind shoot survival percent 78.3% in seedbed after 2.5 years, 2.5 years.
Embodiment 8
A kind of vernalization of paris polyphylla seed and method for culturing seedlings, its step are as follows：
(1) harvesting of paris polyphylla seed：With embodiment 1.
(2) vernalization of paris polyphylla seed：With embodiment 1.
(3) preparation in paris polyphylla breeding seedbed：Seedbed preparatory work is first carried out during vernalization.Nursery is chosen first,
Nursery should select the soil is porous, it is fertile, moistening, well-drained soil, first plough deeply 15-20cm, be exposed to the sun, then mix farm manure
Shallow plough teds, apply 1000kg/ mus of pig dung excrement, composite fertilizer 15kg/ mus, subterranean pest-insect of nipping in the bud picks up stone, and leveling rake is thin.
Break into the long furrow of 0.8m wide, the high 16cm in the furrow ridge.Put up sunshade, light transmittance 50%.Equipment of sprinkler irrigation is installed, waits sowing.
(4) sowing of paris polyphylla：With embodiment 1.
(5) management of paris polyphylla seed after planting：After planting, the water spray moisturizing per 5-7 days, controls soil moisture.Sowing
Month current year 3-4 starts to emerge；To 6-7 months, emerge for the first time complete, current year seedling goes out 1-2 piece leaves；Wait for that paris polyphylla seedling goes out
Together, the monthly commercially available biphosphate potassium foliage fertilizer of foliage-spray, a concentration of the 1 ‰ of foliar fertilizer aqueous solution, permillage refers to blade face
The ratio between the volume (mL) of the quality (g) and aqueous solution of fertilizer.Rainy season regards precipitation and takes the circumstances into consideration to spray water or drain flooded fields, and controls soil moisture.
Timely weeding, one layer of pine needle of lid again when entering the winter are no longer sprayed water after one layer of pine needle of winter lid.After emerging for the first time in March next year
Per 8-10 days, water of spray, 6-7 months emerged completely for the second time after the beginning of spring in the last ten-days period, and paris polyphylla seedling goes out 4 leaves at this time, per acre
It dissipates and applies the pig dung excrement 200kg that crushed as root fertilizer.Rainy season regards precipitation and takes the circumstances into consideration to spray water or drain flooded fields, and controls soil moisture.And
When weeding.It emerges or so October current year-can be transplanted before the Beginning of Winter for the second time.
The germination percentage of the present embodiment paris polyphylla seed is 91.7%, and the emergence rate of paris polyphylla seed can reach 94.1%, educate
The seedling period is the paris polyphylla kind shoot survival percent 79.4% in seedbed after 2.5 years, 2.5 years.
Comparative example 1
A kind of vernalization of paris polyphylla seed and method for culturing seedlings, its step are as follows：
(1) harvesting of paris polyphylla seed：With embodiment 1.
(2) vernalization of paris polyphylla seed：The paris polyphylla seed harvested is put into 60 mesh nylon net bags in time and is washed with water
Method stranding goes exosper (pulp), wash clean, clean seed to dry.Seed is cleaned with dustpan, rejects kind that is not full, having damaged
Son.Make the abundant water swelling of the dry seeds cleaned, and with clean thin river sand by volume 1:3 ratio is uniformly mixed, and is added
Suitable quantity of water is uniformly mixed, the i.e. scattered state for the agglomerating pine that amount of water control is picked up in sand.One piece thick yarn is put in nursery basket
The seed being uniformly mixed and thin river sand are placed on thick gauze by cloth, and sand storage thickness 20cm, seed must not expose Shamian Island, top
Portion's lid returns thick gauze, in shady place low temperature sand storage.Humidity is controlled, watering in general 10 days or so is primary and is gently mixed mixing,
The i.e. scattered state for the agglomerating pine that humid control is picked up in sand, sand storage can germinate for two months or so.December current year or secondary
It is sowed under January in year.
(3) preparation in paris polyphylla breeding seedbed：With embodiment 1.
(4) sowing of paris polyphylla：With embodiment 1.
(5) management of paris polyphylla seed after planting：After planting, the water spray moisturizing per 5-7 days, controls soil moisture.Sowing
Month current year 3-4 starts to emerge, and arrives 6-7 months, emerges for the first time complete, current year seedling goes out 1 leaf；Wait for that paris polyphylla seedling all sprouts,
The monthly commercially available biphosphate potassium foliage fertilizer of foliage-spray, a concentration of the 1 ‰ of foliar fertilizer aqueous solution, permillage refers to foliar fertilizer
The ratio between the volume (mL) of quality (g) and aqueous solution.Rainy season regards precipitation and takes the circumstances into consideration to spray water or drain flooded fields, and controls soil moisture.In time
Weeding, one layer of pine needle of lid again when entering the winter are no longer sprayed water after one layer of pine needle of winter lid.The middle ten days and the last ten days March next year after emerging for the first time
Per 8-10 days, water of spray, the 6-7 months emerged completely for the second time after the beginning of spring, and paris polyphylla seedling largely goes out 2 leaves at this time, on a small quantity
Seedling goes out 4 leaves, dissipates apply the sheep dung excrement 200kg that crushed as root fertilizer per acre.Rainy season regards precipitation and takes the circumstances into consideration to spray water or drain flooded fields,
Control soil moisture.Timely weeding.The seedling management in third year is consistent with second year.Emerge or so October current year for the third time-
It can be transplanted before the Beginning of Winter.
The germination percentage of this comparative example paris polyphylla seed is 61.3%, and the emergence rate of paris polyphylla seed can reach
82.1%, growing-seedling period is the paris polyphylla kind shoot survival percent 78.3% in seedbed after 3 years, 3 years.
Comparative example 2
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of paris polyphylla seed, its step are as follows：
(1) preparation in paris polyphylla breeding seedbed：Seedbed preparatory work is first carried out before harvesting.Seedbed preparation is the same as embodiment 1.
(2) harvesting of paris polyphylla seed：With embodiment 1.
(3) processing of paris polyphylla seed：The band bud seed picked is put ventilating and cooling place and is spread out, prevent it is mouldy, when necessary
Watering moisturizing.Avoid and puts refrigerator storage.It goes scaling luxuriant before sowing, retains red exosper (pulp), it is not necessary to wash by rubbing with the hands.Reject insatiable hunger
Seed that is full, having damaged, in the state of seed humidity, seed that sowing in time has cleaned.
(4) sowing of paris polyphylla：It is spread on the leaf mould of the one layer of 3cm thickness in ready seedbed upper berth, leaf mould one layer thin
The thin river sand that thin process is exposed to the sun, the seed handled well is uniformly sowed, and seed spacing 2cm covers leaf mould 2cm.After broadcasting slightly
Suppression, the uniform pine needle of lid last layer.
(5) management of paris polyphylla seed after planting：After planting, the water spray moisturizing per 5-7 days, controls soil moisture.Sowing
Month next year 5-6 starts to germinate, to germinateing substantially completely in 7-8 months；10-12 months emerge, and go out leaf at this time；Wait for Yunnan weight
Lou Miao all sprouts, monthly the commercially available biphosphate potassium foliage fertilizer of foliage-spray, and a concentration of the 1 ‰ of foliar fertilizer aqueous solution, permillage is
Refer to the ratio between the volume (mL) of the quality (g) and aqueous solution of foliar fertilizer.Rainy season regards precipitation and takes the circumstances into consideration to spray water or drain flooded fields, and controls soil
Humidity.Timely weeding, one layer of pine needle of lid again when entering the winter are no longer sprayed water after one layer of pine needle of winter lid.March next year after emerging for the first time
Per 8-10 days, water of spray, 6-7 months emerged completely for the second time after part beginning of spring the middle ten days and the last ten days, and paris polyphylla seedling goes out 1-2 leaves at this time
Son dissipates apply the sheep dung excrement 200kg that crushed as root fertilizer per acre.Rainy season regards precipitation and takes the circumstances into consideration to spray water or drain flooded fields, and controls soil
Humidity.Timely weeding.Hereafter seedling management is consistent with second year.It can be transplanted after 3-4 emergence.
The germination percentage of the present embodiment paris polyphylla seed is 52.4%；The emergence rate of paris polyphylla seed can reach 98.6%, (go out
Seedling number)/(for germination seed number) emergence rate be 51.7%；Growing-seedling period is 3-4, the paris polyphylla seedling in seedbed at
Motility rate 80.7%.
Comparative example 3
A kind of method for culturing seedlings of paris polyphylla seed, its step are as follows：
(1) preparation in paris polyphylla breeding seedbed：Seedbed preparatory work is first carried out before harvesting.Seedbed preparation is the same as embodiment 1.
(2) harvesting of paris polyphylla seed：With embodiment 1.
(3) processing of paris polyphylla seed：The band bud seed picked is put ventilating and cooling place and is spread out, prevent it is mouldy, when necessary
Watering moisturizing.Avoid and puts refrigerator storage.It goes scaling luxuriant before sowing, retains red exosper (pulp), it is not necessary to wash by rubbing with the hands.Reject insatiable hunger
Seed that is full, having damaged, in the state of seed humidity, seed that sowing in time has cleaned.
(4) sowing of paris polyphylla：Directly the seed handled well is uniformly sowed on ready seedbed, seed spacing
2cm covers seedbed soil 2cm.It is slightly suppressed after broadcasting, the uniform pine needle of lid last layer.
(5) management of paris polyphylla seed after planting：After planting, the water spray moisturizing per 5-7 days, controls soil moisture.Sowing
Month next year 5-6 starts to germinate, to germinateing substantially completely in 7-8 months；10-12 months emerge, and go out leaf at this time；Wait for Yunnan weight
Lou Miao all sprouts, monthly the commercially available biphosphate potassium foliage fertilizer of foliage-spray, and a concentration of the 1 ‰ of foliar fertilizer aqueous solution, permillage is
Refer to the ratio between the volume (mL) of the quality (g) and aqueous solution of foliar fertilizer.Rainy season regards precipitation and takes the circumstances into consideration to spray water or drain flooded fields, and controls soil
Humidity.Timely weeding, one layer of pine needle of lid again when entering the winter are no longer sprayed water after one layer of pine needle of winter lid.March next year after emerging for the first time
Per 8-10 days, water of spray, 6-7 months emerged completely for the second time after part beginning of spring the middle ten days and the last ten days, and paris polyphylla seedling goes out 1-2 leaves at this time
Son dissipates apply the sheep dung excrement 200kg that crushed as root fertilizer per acre.Rainy season regards precipitation and takes the circumstances into consideration to spray water or drain flooded fields, and controls soil
Humidity.Timely weeding.Hereafter seedling management is consistent with second year.It can be transplanted after 3-4 emergence.
The germination percentage of the present embodiment paris polyphylla seed is 65.5%；The emergence rate of paris polyphylla seed can reach 68.9%, (go out
Seedling number)/(for germination seed number) emergence rate be 45.1%；Growing-seedling period is 3-4, the paris polyphylla seedling in seedbed at
Motility rate 60.1%.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for culturing seedlings of paris polyphylla seed, which is characterized in that it includes the following steps：
(1) vernalization：By paris polyphylla seed remove exosper after, do not dry under the conditions of sand storage, the seed that must be showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally；The sand
It hides as by the paris polyphylla seed and sand by volume 1:3-1:5 mixing；
(2) it sows；
(3) seedling management.
2. a kind of germination accelerating method of paris polyphylla seed, which is characterized in that it includes the following steps：Step (1) is by paris polyphylla seed
Remove exosper after, do not dry under the conditions of sand storage, the seed that must be showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally；The sand storage is by the paris polyphylla seed and sand
Son by volume 1:3-1:5 mixing.
3. the method for culturing seedlings of paris polyphylla seed as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that in step (1), the sand storage
Place be 1800-3000 meters of height above sea level area, preferably height above sea level 1800-2000 meters of Yun-Gui Plateau；
And/or in step (1), the paris polyphylla seed and sand volumes ratio are 1:3-1:4, preferably 1:3.
4. the method for culturing seedlings of paris polyphylla seed as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that in step (1), the Yunnan weight
Building seed is the fresh seeds picked in the current year of the sand storage；
In step (1), the method for removing exosper is to rub the paris polyphylla seed, you can；Preferably, with mesh bag packet
The paris polyphylla seed rubbing is wrapped up in, the mesh bag is preferably 60 mesh nylon net bags.
5. the method for culturing seedlings of paris polyphylla seed as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that
In step (1), the sand storage is to be placed in sand storage in ventilative nursery basket；
In step (1), the thickness of the sand storage is 20-25cm；
It is primary every watering in 10 days after the sand storage in step (1)；
In step (1), the sand is thin river sand；
And/or in step (1), the time and location of the sand storage are in the Yun-Gui Plateau of 1800-2000 meters of height above sea level, sand storage
60 days.
6. the method for culturing seedlings of paris polyphylla seed as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (2), the sowing is will
The seed to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally described in step (1) is seeded in nursery, you can；
Preferably, before sowing, the nursery covers substrate soil, after planting, the seed overlying substrate soil；
More preferably, before sowing, the nursery covers sand again after covering substrate soil, after planting, the seed overlying substrate soil.
7. the method for culturing seedlings of paris polyphylla seed as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that before sowing, the nursery is covered
When substrate soil, the thickness that the nursery covers substrate soil is 3-5cm；
When after planting, when the seed overlying substrate soil, the thickness of the seed overlying substrate soil is 2-3cm；
In step (2), the seed spacing of the sowing is 2cm；
The sowing rear cover pine needle suppression；
The nursery builds solar protection devices through basal dressing, top；
The base manure is preferably farm manure and/or composite fertilizer；The type of the farm manure be preferably sheep dung excrement, cow dung excrement and
It is one or more in pig dung excrement, it is more preferably sheep dung excrement；The amount of application of the farm manure is preferably 700-1000kg/ mus；
The type of the composite fertilizer is preferably N:P:The ratio 10 of K:14:24 composite fertilizer；The amount of application of the composite fertilizer is preferably
It is 10-20kg/ mus；
The light transmittance of the solar protection devices is preferably 25-50%；
And/or the substrate soil be " composite soil containing the raw-soil, well-rotted farmyard manure and plant ash " and/or leaf mould, preferably
Leaf mould.
8. the method for culturing seedlings of paris polyphylla seed as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (3), the seedling management
Period be after planting go out 4 leaves to seedling, before emergence, spray water moisturizing；After emerging for the first time, foliar fertilizer is monthly sprayed；Second
Secondary emergence goes out 4 leaves to seedling, applies root fertilizer.
9. the method for culturing seedlings of paris polyphylla seed as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that
The frequency sprayed water before the emergence is per 5-7 days/time；
The type of the foliar fertilizer is composite fertilizer；
A concentration of 1-2 ‰ of the foliar fertilizer in aqueous solution, permillage refer to the quality g of foliar fertilizer and the volume mL of aqueous solution
The ratio between.
10. the method for culturing seedlings of paris polyphylla seed as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that second of emergence to seedling
Go out 4 leaves, the type for spraying root fertilizer is composite fertilizer and/or farm manure；
The composite fertilizer is preferably N:P:K=10:14:24 composite fertilizer；
The amount of application of the composite fertilizer is preferably 10-20kg/ mus, is more preferably 20kg/ mus；
And/or the farm manure is one or more in sheep dung excrement, cow dung excrement and pig dung excrement, preferably sheep dung excrement；
The amount of application of the farm manure is preferably 200-300kg/ mus.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109452151A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2019-03-12 | 福建承天农林科技发展有限公司 | A kind of method of paris polyphylla seed room heat source |
| CN110402781A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2019-11-05 | 凤庆恒润农业发展有限公司 | A kind of nursery quick propagation method of Paris polyphylla |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1210663A (en) * | 1998-09-08 | 1999-03-17 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 | Seed sprouting and quick propagating technology of Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis |
| CN101796899A (en) * | 2009-05-14 | 2010-08-11 | 北京师范大学 | Method for sprouting seeds of polyphylla Smith var.ynynanensis (Franch.) Hand-Mazz |
| CN104186062A (en) * | 2014-08-12 | 2014-12-10 | 云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所 | Method for germinating paris polyphylla seeds |
| CN104206148A (en) * | 2014-08-22 | 2014-12-17 | 迪庆州迪姆生态高新产业股份有限公司 | Alternate cooling and heating paris polyphylla seed propagation method |
| CN104541833A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2015-04-29 | 云南白药集团中药材优质种源繁育有限责任公司 | Seed seedling raising method for Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis(Fr.)hand.-mazz. |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1210663A (en) * | 1998-09-08 | 1999-03-17 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 | Seed sprouting and quick propagating technology of Yunnan Rhizoma Paridis |
| CN101796899A (en) * | 2009-05-14 | 2010-08-11 | 北京师范大学 | Method for sprouting seeds of polyphylla Smith var.ynynanensis (Franch.) Hand-Mazz |
| CN104541833A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2015-04-29 | 云南白药集团中药材优质种源繁育有限责任公司 | Seed seedling raising method for Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis(Fr.)hand.-mazz. |
| CN104186062A (en) * | 2014-08-12 | 2014-12-10 | 云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所 | Method for germinating paris polyphylla seeds |
| CN104206148A (en) * | 2014-08-22 | 2014-12-17 | 迪庆州迪姆生态高新产业股份有限公司 | Alternate cooling and heating paris polyphylla seed propagation method |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109452151A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2019-03-12 | 福建承天农林科技发展有限公司 | A kind of method of paris polyphylla seed room heat source |
| CN109452151B (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2021-07-02 | 福建承天农林科技发展有限公司 | Indoor artificial seedling raising method for paris polyphylla seeds |
| CN110402781A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2019-11-05 | 凤庆恒润农业发展有限公司 | A kind of nursery quick propagation method of Paris polyphylla |
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