CN105379523A - Green and high-yield method for fructus trichosanthis - Google Patents

Abstract

A green and high-yield planting method for fructus trichosanthis. The method comprises the steps of: seed treatment; soil preparation; application of base fertilizer; colonization; seedling management; soil and fertilizer management; flowers and fruits protection; harvesting and processing; and overwintering management. Compared with the prior art, according to the reasonable green planting method, not only a yield of fructus trichosanthis is improved greatly, but also the method has advantages of green and environmentally friendly planting, high safety and easy operations, etc. Meanwhile, the planting method for fructus trichosanthis has broad market prospects in application and popularization.

Description

A kind of green high-yield method of Snakegourd Fruit

Technical field

The present invention relates to Snakegourd Fruit implantation methods, specifically a kind of green high-yield method of Snakegourd Fruit.

Background technology

Snakegourd Fruit has another name called snakegourd, medicine melon etc., and be the Curcurbitaceae Trichosanthes of perennial this complete stool of herbaceous stem Teng hyoscine, shell Chinese medicine name melon withers, seed Chinese medicine name Snakegourd Seed, root Chinese medicine name root of Chinese trichosanthes.Full Snakegourd Fruit is used as medicine can heat-clearing dissipating bind, moistening lung for removing phlegm, nourishing the stomach to improve the production of body fluid etc., and root of Chinese trichosanthes injection clinically for women's midtrimester of pregnancy, stillborn foetus, miscarriage, and grows cancer cell and has obvious inhibitory action.Snakegourd Fruit cultivation is before this to utilize its fruit, seed, and pericarp and underground block root, be used as medicine or fried melon seeds snacks.

Due to the limitation in planting process, when causing planting, output is not high, and pursuit Snakegourd Fruit output simply, a large amount of use agricultural chemicals and other drug, these harmful substances remained in Snakegourd Fruit can badly influence the health of people, so people need the Snakegourd Fruit implantation methods more met the demands.

Summary of the invention

The present invention aims to provide a kind of green high-yield planting method of Snakegourd Fruit, overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, by rational green planting, not only the output of Snakegourd Fruit improves greatly, but also there is the advantages such as environmental protection, safety be high, easy to operate, simultaneously Snakegourd Fruit implantation methods application and universal on have market prospects widely.

The invention provides following technical scheme: the implantation methods of a kind of high yield oil tea, comprises the following steps:

(1) seed treatment: first bask seeds before sowing, then use 40 DEG C-50 DEG C emerge in worm water 2h, then use cold water soak 4h, then soak 2-3 hour with seed dormancy activator, then seed is embedded in 5-6 days in dry sandy soil;

(2) wholely: selection soil layer is deep, the soil is porous, fertility is sufficient, the convenient not ponding plot of irrigation and drainage, plough deeply before soil is freeze-up and rake, by line-spacing 3-3.5m, furrow width 1.0m, make the high furrow that 2-2.5m is wide, ditch between furrow and furrow, ditch depth 60-75cm, furrow width 35-45cm;

(3) basal dressing: apply base manure in the field furrow ditch put in order, executes 45% compound potassium sulfate fertilizer 10-20 kilogram, high-quality borax 1 kilogram, farmyard manure 280-320 kilogram, and mixes with part soil in ditch for every mu;

(4) field planting: adopt the live mode combined with seedling raising and transplanting, under adopting film during sowing, precision point sowing technology is sowed, then fine earth is covered, lid grass, seedling was transplanted in the Second Year 3-4 month, whole good soil digs cave by seeding row spacing 30-40cm × 50-60cm, the dark 20-25cm in cave, often to spread manuer in holes sufficient Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, select a part of healthy and strong seedling replanting, the husky 2-3cm of training after planting, then fine earth 2cm is covered, use straw compacting, field planting should not be too dark or too shallow, block root upper cover 8-10cm soil, will away from fertilizer 20-30cm, in nursery, seedling grows to high about 5cm, use silt Gai Miao, after field planting well, every young plant adds a cover straw compacting, whole fields all sprays a preemergence herbicide, and then cover one deck mulch film,

(5) seedling management: after seedling is broken ground, in time mulch film above young plant should be opened a hole and guard against burning seedling, every strain Snakegourd Fruit selects to draw to hold up and draws climing bar 1-2 strong sprout, all the other young plants remove without exception, main climing all side shoots under simultaneously should removing frame, during this period of time should every 5-7 days, carry seedling once with liquid dung, extract the main climing upper seedling heart, every strain emphasis is trained into three and is beared fruit main climing, remove all side shoots, be strictly on guard against and occur sealing seedling phenomenon, Snakegourd Fruit phase of bearing fruit of blooming reaches 5 months, and 6-7 month blooms luxuriant, should prevent insect in time, the weak field of growing way rationally should mend fertilise;

(6) Soil and fertilizer management: topdress 2-3 time in the basis of Snakegourd Fruit basal dressing in the fall every year, the quantity of autumn basal dressing is every strain fertilizer 1-2 kilogram and is equipped with a small amount of chemical fertilizer, topdress can respectively before rudiment, florescence, fruit ramp phase carry out, can ditch spread be carried out or spread manuer in holes, every strain consumption is urea or composite fertilizer 0.5-0.6 kilogram, or the urea liquid of foliage-spray 0.3%, florescence coordinates the boron fertilizer solution of 0.1%-0.2% to improve fruit-setting rate, reduce empty bud, along with the increase of tree body, increasing of result, increases fertilizer application amount later every year;

(7) flower and fruit protecting: every mu of artificial planting staminiferous plant 5-10 strain, increase pollen amount, improve pollination rate, also can at Spraying in the flowering stage 1000-3000PPM chlormequat or the borate at Spraying in the flowering stage 0.3-0.5%, combine simultaneously and control worm, spray the potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution of 0.2% at middle after date, all can obtain the effect of flower and fruit protecting;

(8) pick and process: 9-10 month Snakegourd Fruit fruit is ripe successively, when fruit skin is in golden yellow, to adopt down time soft in batches, cut off carpopodium, from fruit bottom, fruit is cut open, take out melon seeds, melon pulp, Fructus Trichosanthis shell, through Exposure to Sunlight, meets overcast and rainy charcoal fire and dries, to its embrittlement, abundant drying, by the melon pulp poured out, takes out Snakegourd Fruit seed after fermenting rotten 2-3 days, melon pulp is separated, Snakegourd Fruit seed is dried and picks up decontamination or flat grain;

(9) overwinter management: after fruit harvesting terminates, when leaf 90% is withered, liftoff 15 centimetres of rattans are cut off, in vacant lot, takes out part soil, add on ground ridge, make Snakegourd Fruit root warming, then apply fertilizer to Snakegourd Fruit and prevent root knot nematode disease process, dig out the old root on old Snakegourd Fruit ridge at late Febuary selection fine day, on Snakegourd Fruit ditch, mound does new ridge again, simultaneously with quicklime to soil disinfection, whole good new ridge waits to plant new talent.

Compared with the prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention: the output of Snakegourd Fruit improves greatly, has the advantages such as environmental protection, safety be high, easy to operate, simultaneously Snakegourd Fruit implantation methods application and universal on have market prospects widely.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.

An implantation methods for high yield oil tea, comprises the following steps:

(1) seed treatment: first bask seeds before sowing, then use 40 DEG C-50 DEG C emerge in worm water 2h, then use cold water soak 4h, then soak 2-3 hour with seed dormancy activator, then seed is embedded in 5-6 days in dry sandy soil;

(2) wholely: selection soil layer is deep, the soil is porous, fertility is sufficient, the convenient not ponding plot of irrigation and drainage, plough deeply before soil is freeze-up and rake, by line-spacing 3-3.5m, furrow width 1.0m, make the high furrow that 2-2.5m is wide, ditch between furrow and furrow, ditch depth 60-75cm, furrow width 35-45cm;

(3) basal dressing: apply base manure in the field furrow ditch put in order, executes 45% compound potassium sulfate fertilizer 10-20 kilogram, high-quality borax 1 kilogram, farmyard manure 280-320 kilogram, and mixes with part soil in ditch for every mu;

(4) field planting: adopt the live mode combined with seedling raising and transplanting, under adopting film during sowing, precision point sowing technology is sowed, then fine earth is covered, lid grass, seedling was transplanted in the Second Year 3-4 month, whole good soil digs cave by seeding row spacing 30-40cm × 50-60cm, the dark 20-25cm in cave, often to spread manuer in holes sufficient Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, select a part of healthy and strong seedling replanting, the husky 2-3cm of training after planting, then fine earth 2cm is covered, use straw compacting, field planting should not be too dark or too shallow, block root upper cover 8-10cm soil, will away from fertilizer 20-30cm, in nursery, seedling grows to high about 5cm, use silt Gai Miao, after field planting well, every young plant adds a cover straw compacting, whole fields all sprays a preemergence herbicide, and then cover one deck mulch film,

(5) seedling management: after seedling is broken ground, in time mulch film above young plant should be opened a hole and guard against burning seedling, every strain Snakegourd Fruit selects to draw to hold up and draws climing bar 1-2 strong sprout, all the other young plants remove without exception, main climing all side shoots under simultaneously should removing frame, during this period of time should every 5-7 days, carry seedling once with liquid dung, extract the main climing upper seedling heart, every strain emphasis is trained into three and is beared fruit main climing, remove all side shoots, be strictly on guard against and occur sealing seedling phenomenon, Snakegourd Fruit phase of bearing fruit of blooming reaches 5 months, and 6-7 month blooms luxuriant, should prevent insect in time, the weak field of growing way rationally should mend fertilise;

(6) Soil and fertilizer management: topdress 2-3 time in the basis of Snakegourd Fruit basal dressing in the fall every year, the quantity of autumn basal dressing is every strain fertilizer 1-2 kilogram and is equipped with a small amount of chemical fertilizer, topdress can respectively before rudiment, florescence, fruit ramp phase carry out, can ditch spread be carried out or spread manuer in holes, every strain consumption is urea or composite fertilizer 0.5-0.6 kilogram, or the urea liquid of foliage-spray 0.3%, florescence coordinates the boron fertilizer solution of 0.1%-0.2% to improve fruit-setting rate, reduce empty bud, along with the increase of tree body, increasing of result, increases fertilizer application amount later every year;

(7) flower and fruit protecting: every mu of artificial planting staminiferous plant 5-10 strain, increase pollen amount, improve pollination rate, also can at Spraying in the flowering stage 1000-3000PPM chlormequat or the borate at Spraying in the flowering stage 0.3-0.5%, combine simultaneously and control worm, spray the potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution of 0.2% at middle after date, all can obtain the effect of flower and fruit protecting;

(8) pick and process: 9-10 month Snakegourd Fruit fruit is ripe successively, when fruit skin is in golden yellow, to adopt down time soft in batches, cut off carpopodium, from fruit bottom, fruit is cut open, take out melon seeds, melon pulp, Fructus Trichosanthis shell, through Exposure to Sunlight, meets overcast and rainy charcoal fire and dries, to its embrittlement, abundant drying, by the melon pulp poured out, takes out Snakegourd Fruit seed after fermenting rotten 2-3 days, melon pulp is separated, Snakegourd Fruit seed is dried and picks up decontamination or flat grain;

(9) overwinter management: after fruit harvesting terminates, when leaf 90% is withered, liftoff 15 centimetres of rattans are cut off, in vacant lot, takes out part soil, add on ground ridge, make Snakegourd Fruit root warming, then apply fertilizer to Snakegourd Fruit and prevent root knot nematode disease process, dig out the old root on old Snakegourd Fruit ridge at late Febuary selection fine day, on Snakegourd Fruit ditch, mound does new ridge again, simultaneously with quicklime to soil disinfection, whole good new ridge waits to plant new talent.

Claims (1)

1. a green high-yield planting method for Snakegourd Fruit, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:

(1) seed treatment: first bask seeds before sowing, then use 40 DEG C-50 DEG C emerge in worm water 2h, then use cold water soak 4h, then soak 2-3 hour with seed dormancy activator, then seed is embedded in 5-6 days in dry sandy soil;

(2) wholely: selection soil layer is deep, the soil is porous, fertility is sufficient, the convenient not ponding plot of irrigation and drainage, plough deeply before soil is freeze-up and rake, by line-spacing 3-3.5m, furrow width 1.0m, make the high furrow that 2-2.5m is wide, ditch between furrow and furrow, ditch depth 60-75cm, furrow width 35-45cm;

(3) basal dressing: apply base manure in the field furrow ditch put in order, executes 45% compound potassium sulfate fertilizer 10-20 kilogram, high-quality borax 1 kilogram, farmyard manure 280-320 kilogram, and mixes with part soil in ditch for every mu;

(4) field planting: adopt the live mode combined with seedling raising and transplanting, under adopting film during sowing, precision point sowing technology is sowed, then fine earth is covered, lid grass, seedling was transplanted in the Second Year 3-4 month, whole good soil digs cave by seeding row spacing 30-40cm × 50-60cm, the dark 20-25cm in cave, often to spread manuer in holes sufficient Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, select a part of healthy and strong seedling replanting, the husky 2-3cm of training after planting, then fine earth 2cm is covered, use straw compacting, field planting should not be too dark or too shallow, block root upper cover 8-10cm soil, will away from fertilizer 20-30cm, in nursery, seedling grows to high about 5cm, use silt Gai Miao, after field planting well, every young plant adds a cover straw compacting, whole fields all sprays a preemergence herbicide, and then cover one deck mulch film,

(5) seedling management: after seedling is broken ground, in time mulch film above young plant should be opened a hole and guard against burning seedling, every strain Snakegourd Fruit selects to draw to hold up and draws climing bar 1-2 strong sprout, all the other young plants remove without exception, main climing all side shoots under simultaneously should removing frame, during this period of time should every 5-7 days, carry seedling once with liquid dung, extract the main climing upper seedling heart, every strain emphasis is trained into three and is beared fruit main climing, remove all side shoots, be strictly on guard against and occur sealing seedling phenomenon, Snakegourd Fruit phase of bearing fruit of blooming reaches 5 months, and 6-7 month blooms luxuriant, should prevent insect in time, the weak field of growing way rationally should mend fertilise;

(6) Soil and fertilizer management: topdress 2-3 time in the basis of Snakegourd Fruit basal dressing in the fall every year, the quantity of autumn basal dressing is every strain fertilizer 1-2 kilogram and is equipped with a small amount of chemical fertilizer, topdress can respectively before rudiment, florescence, fruit ramp phase carry out, can ditch spread be carried out or spread manuer in holes, every strain consumption is urea or composite fertilizer 0.5-0.6 kilogram, or the urea liquid of foliage-spray 0.3%, florescence coordinates the boron fertilizer solution of 0.1%-0.2% to improve fruit-setting rate, reduce empty bud, along with the increase of tree body, increasing of result, increases fertilizer application amount later every year;

(7) flower and fruit protecting: every mu of artificial planting staminiferous plant 5-10 strain, increase pollen amount, improve pollination rate, also can at Spraying in the flowering stage 1000-3000PPM chlormequat or the borate at Spraying in the flowering stage 0.3-0.5%, combine simultaneously and control worm, spray the potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution of 0.2% at middle after date, all can obtain the effect of flower and fruit protecting;

(8) pick and process: 9-10 month Snakegourd Fruit fruit is ripe successively, when fruit skin is in golden yellow, to adopt down time soft in batches, cut off carpopodium, from fruit bottom, fruit is cut open, take out melon seeds, melon pulp, Fructus Trichosanthis shell, through Exposure to Sunlight, meets overcast and rainy charcoal fire and dries, to its embrittlement, abundant drying, by the melon pulp poured out, takes out Snakegourd Fruit seed after fermenting rotten 2-3 days, melon pulp is separated, Snakegourd Fruit seed is dried and picks up decontamination or flat grain;

(9) overwinter management: after fruit harvesting terminates, when leaf 90% is withered, liftoff 15 centimetres of rattans are cut off, in vacant lot, takes out part soil, add on ground ridge, make Snakegourd Fruit root warming, then apply fertilizer to Snakegourd Fruit and prevent root knot nematode disease process, dig out the old root on old Snakegourd Fruit ridge at late Febuary selection fine day, on Snakegourd Fruit ditch, mound does new ridge again, simultaneously with quicklime to soil disinfection, whole good new ridge waits to plant new talent.