CN108651037A - This stock grafting method and purposes of cochin yellow wingceltis - Google Patents
This stock grafting method and purposes of cochin yellow wingceltis Download PDFInfo
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- CN108651037A CN108651037A CN201810699017.9A CN201810699017A CN108651037A CN 108651037 A CN108651037 A CN 108651037A CN 201810699017 A CN201810699017 A CN 201810699017A CN 108651037 A CN108651037 A CN 108651037A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of this stock grafting methods and purposes of cochin yellow wingceltis, are related to graft technology field.This stock grafting method of cochin yellow wingceltis is using cochin yellow wingceltis seedling as stock, and using the branch of cochin yellow wingceltis as scion, since stock and scion affiliation are close, affinity is good, and interface healing ability is strong after grafting, and survival rate is high.Scion is grafted in stock by the engrafting method by the way of cut-grafting；Two buds are included at least in the scion.It is grafted using the method for double bud branch cut-graftings, the method that plant percent after grafting is better than simple bud cut-grafting, the cut-grafting of simple bud branch, simple bud side grafting and simple bud branch side grafting, the problem of application in production can be met, alleviate a kind of cochin yellow wingceltis graft technology of shortage existing in the prior art.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to graft technology fields, more particularly, to a kind of this stock grafting method and purposes of cochin yellow wingceltis.
Background technology
Cochin yellow wingceltis (Dalbergia cochinchinensis Pierre) belongs to Papillionoideae (Leguminosae
Sp.) Dalbergia (Dalbergia) is commonly called as " big red acid branch ", " Laos's red acid branch ", " old redwood ", in " redwood " national standard
GB/T 18107-2017《Redwood》In be classified as red acid branch wood class, be that one kind having gloss, high intensity, corrosion-resistant, processing performance
The good rare timber of top grade.
Cochin yellow wingceltis source area south east asia is distributed mainly on the region of 22 °~10 ° of South East Asia Mainland north latitude, spreads all over Thailand
The domestic most of areas of state, Cambodia, Laos, China do not have natural distributed.Also there is a small amount of distribution in South Vietnam area.Cochin
Yellow wingceltis is a kind of half deciduous tree of fast-growing, and the period of Ming and Qing are dedicated " three big tribute wood " as imperial palace, are mainly used as mahogany furniture, pleasure
Device, engraving etc. use material.It issues within 2013《Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora》(CITES) in, cochin yellow wingceltis
It is put into the pact appendix II newly revised, to ensure the sustainable use of the Tree Species Resources.
The very rare preciousness of cochin yellow wingceltis timber, raw material needed for China all rely on imports, and the market demand is big.In recent years,
More or less a hundred introduces a collection (family) of cochin yellow wingceltis is introduced from the country such as Thailand and carries out provenance test research, has been achieved initial success, just
The excellent strain selected superior families and its yielded positive results provides material base for breeding from now on and the advanced breeding garden of construction.Currently,
Domestic introducing and planting ground zero, mainly in material etc., the rare research in seedling breeding technical aspect is reported for research.And it builds
Vertical breeding garden needs cochin yellow wingceltis graft technology, still, domestic there is not yet cochin yellow wingceltis grafting nursery technology research report.
In view of this, special propose the present invention.
Invention content
The first object of the present invention is to provide a kind of this stock grafting method of cochin yellow wingceltis, be deposited in the prior art with alleviating
A kind of cochin yellow wingceltis graft technology of shortage the problem of.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of this stock grafting method of cochin yellow wingceltis and is cultivating the grafting of cochin yellow wingceltis
Purposes in nursery stock.
In order to solve the above technical problems, spy of the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of this stock grafting method of cochin yellow wingceltis, using cochin yellow wingceltis seedling as stock, the branch with cochin yellow wingceltis is
Scion is grafted in stock by scion by the way of cut-grafting；The scion includes at least two buds.
Preferably, the bud is bud eye；
Preferably, include two bud eyes in the scion.
Preferably, the time of grafting is the 9-10 months；Preferably early October late September-；More preferably late September；
Preferably, implement this stock grafting method of the cochin yellow wingceltis under south subtropics weather conditions.
Preferably, the stock is that ground diameter is at least 1.3cm, and height is at least the cochin yellow wingceltis of 1.4m；
Preferably, the stock is cultivated as follows：The cochin yellow wingceltis seedling for growing half a year is planted in the 3-4 months
In Nutrition Soil, plantation half a year was to 1 year；
Preferably, the Nutrition Soil includes the fine sand of 15%-25%, the calcium phosphorus magnesium mineral of 1%-5% as mass fraction
Fertilizer, surplus are soil.
Preferably, scion is cochin yellow wingceltis spring current year slightly branch；
Preferably, the spring slightly branch of a diameter of 0.4-0.8cm is chosen in scion；It is preferred that 0.4-0.6cm；More preferable 0.5cm；
Preferably, scion chooses that bud eye is full, branch of lignifying and no disease and pests harm, keeps moistening after branch clip, puts
It is spare in the cool.
Preferably, branch is cut into the scion that length is 3-4cm；It cuts off at stock trunk height 15-20cm, then transfers
It connects.
Preferably, the cut-grafting includes the following steps：
(a) scion base portion both sides are symmetrically whittled into the bevel of two smooth-goings of a short length, long bevel length is 1.5-
2cm, and as deep as xylem；Short bevel is in 30-45 degree angle with branch length direction, and bevel length is 0.5-1cm；
(b) it is cut off at stock trunk height 15-20cm, in the side of epidermis smooth-going, by clip xylem edge and band
The deep about 1.5-2cm of the downward vertical cut of xylem, stock notch depth are consistent with the long bevel of scion；
(c) it is inserted into notch scion has been cut after stock is cut, long bevel inwardly, makes the forming layer of stock and scion lean on
Tightly, the cortex of stock notch is helped directly upwards, and graft union is sealed；
Preferably, graft union sealing is bottom-up later first exposing fringe bar single layer Bao Yan using grafting special plastic band
Helically formula binding stock and scion；
Preferably, after grafting polybag is unbinded after at least three months.
Preferably, nursery stock is managed after the grafting of cochin yellow wingceltis, including removal stock sprouting, fertilising, weeding and prevention
Pest and disease damage；
Preferably, grafting removes stock newly slightly after at least 7 days, and every 10-20 days, at least removal stock was newly slightly secondary later.
Preferably, 20-30g/ plants of at least two Yue Houshi composite fertilizers are grafted, fertilising sum is 2-5 times.
The present invention also provides a kind of this stock grafting methods of above-mentioned cochin yellow wingceltis in cultivating cochin yellow wingceltis grafting nursery stock
Purposes.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：
This stock grafting method of cochin yellow wingceltis provided by the invention, using cochin yellow wingceltis seedling as stock, with cochin yellow wingceltis
Branch be scion, since stock and scion affiliation are close, affinity is good, and interface healing ability is strong after grafting, at
Motility rate is high.Scion is grafted in stock by the engrafting method by the way of cut-grafting；Two buds are included at least in the scion.Using
The methods of double bud branch cut-graftings is grafted, the plant percent after grafting better than simple bud cut-grafting, the cut-grafting of simple bud branch, simple bud side grafting and
The method of simple bud branch side grafting can meet the application in production.
The present invention also provides a kind of use of this stock grafting method of cochin yellow wingceltis in cultivating cochin yellow wingceltis grafting nursery stock
On the way, the grafting nursery stock cultivated using this stock grafting method of cochin yellow wingceltis can keep former varietal character constant.By selecting to hand over
The branch engrafting and cultivating fine quality nursery stock of the excellent strain of toe yellow wingceltis can build breeding garden innovation kind and production seed shoots
Wood is the important means of forest genetics.Or so grafting nursery stock half a year cultivated using this stock grafting method of cochin yellow wingceltis is flat
For height up to 40cm or more, nursery stock size strain is moderate, is readily transported and loading-unloading vehicle, and be well suited for being out of the garden afforestation of going up a hill.
Specific implementation mode
Technical scheme of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with embodiment, it is clear that described reality
It is a part of the embodiment of the present invention to apply example, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, the common skill in this field
The every other embodiment that art personnel are obtained without making creative work belongs to the model that the present invention protects
It encloses.The person that is not specified actual conditions in embodiment, carries out according to conventional conditions or manufacturer's recommended conditions.Agents useful for same or instrument
Production firm person is not specified, is the conventional products that can be obtained by commercially available purchase.
The present invention provides a kind of this stock grafting method of cochin yellow wingceltis, this method using cochin yellow wingceltis seedling as stock,
Using the branch of cochin yellow wingceltis as scion, scion is grafted in into stock by the way of cut-grafting；The scion includes at least two buds.
This anvil grafting of cochin yellow wingceltis, is exactly the seedling using cochin yellow wingceltis cultivating seeds, then again as stock
A kind of grafting method.From Plant Taxonomy, the closer plant graft of affiliation more easily survives, this is plant tissue knot
Caused by the difference of structure, therefore present invention preferably uses the methods of this anvil grafting, and the affiliation of such stock and scion is very
It is close.The present invention using the branch of cochin yellow wingceltis as scion, can be stock homophyletic branch as scion, can also be that stock is different
The branch of strain is used as scion, and when the branch of selection stock different strain is as scion, branch that kind can be selected excellent is as connecing
Fringe, to achieve the purpose that cultivate improved seeds.Stock grafting cochin yellow wingceltis is done using cochin yellow wingceltis seedling, due to stock and is connect
Fringe affiliation is close, therefore affinity is good, and interface healing ability is strong after grafting, and survival rate is high.
The present invention using the grafting method of branch cut-grafting, it is preferable to use including the branch of two bud eyes, i.e., cut by double bud branches
It connects.Using one section of cochin yellow wingceltis branch as scion, includes two buds, preferably bud eye in the scion, scion base portion is whittled into
It is easy to the bevel being in close contact with stock notch, is inserted into the notch of stock；Stock is smoothly located to cut with bark near the ground,
In one notch of xylem side incision of stock section, stock then is inserted into the scion of the 2 full bud eyes of reservation being whittled into,
It is directed at both sides' forming layer, it is tight to bind.Stock and the respective face forming layer that cuts of scion mutually touch each other, are cut from both sides
Section differentiates callus.The callus of development, which combines, replenishes gap, and the nutrient that stock absorbs passes through callus
It is transported to scion.Scion rudiment during callus is formed, starts to grow, to form one plant of new nursery stock.
In some preferred embodiments, this stock grafting method of cochin yellow wingceltis implements effect more during the 9-10 months
It is excellent, preferably early October late September-；More preferably implementing this method, the preferably condition in south subtropics weather by the end of September
Lower this stock grafting method for implementing the cochin yellow wingceltis.Stock and scion tissue enrich under the environmental condition, and temperature and humidity also has
Conducive to cambial vigorous division, be conducive to Survival rate of nursery stock after grafting.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, this stock grafting method of cochin yellow wingceltis is carried out with reference to following steps：
Stock is cultivated：
(I) nutrition packeted soil
With the Nutrition Soil of the packed upper preparation of nursery special plastic of the about wide 13cm of specification × high about 20cm, after pack discharge at
1m wide seedling furrow not discharge overstocked per furrow traverse nutrient bag about 4, leave seedling growth space, furrow length depending on feelings, but
Also unsuitable too long, to facilitate management to be advisable.
It is preferable to use pure field soil or red soil, and the fine sand of about 15%-25% is added for Nutrition Soil, then mixes the calcium and magnesium of 1%-5%
Being uniformly mixed after Phosphate minerals fertilizer can pack.
(II) stock Cultivate administration
With the well-grown seedling of semi-annual cochin yellow wingceltis, in spring, front and back plantation is in nutrient bag by the end of March, every bag of kind
Plant 1 seedlings.Root water is irrigated after seedling planting, is often watered with backsight feelings.It is new to have survived pumping hair for nursery stock after plantation 1 month
The tip wants frequent Jiao Shi composite fertilizers, accomplishes that book fertilizer is diligent and applies, and usually and carries out uprooting weed work.Disease pest seldom occurs after stock plantation, and one
As need not prevent.It plants half a year to the 9-10 months, stock is averaged ground diameter more than 1.3cm, is highly more than 1.4m, exactly grafts most suitable
Rugosity.
Engrafting method
(I) grafting time
Cochin yellow wingceltis seedling grafting Best Times are that left and right, grafting average survival are up to 96% or more by the end of September.Therefore,
In production preferably grafting work is completed in left and right by the end of September.
(II) scion acquires
1 day before grafting, the clip scion from the spring current year tip branch of the middle and upper part for the excellent strain of cochin yellow wingceltis selected.It wants
Ask branch thick 0.5cm of clip or so, bud eye full, lignifying, no disease and pests harm.
(III) grafts step
The branch of clip is cut into the about 3-4cm scion of 2 bud eye length.It is cut at stock trunk height about 0.2m
It is disconnected, it is grafted with double bud branch cut-graftings.Concrete operations are as follows：
Cut scion：The branch of clip is cut into length about 3-4cm, the scion for enriching full bud eye with 2.By scion
Base portion both sides are symmetrically whittled into two bevels of a short length, long bevel length about 1.5-2cm, as deep as xylem, short bevel
About 30 degree of angle, length about 0.5cm are whittled into, bevel will smooth out.Scion cuts afterwards that encase moisturizing temporarily for use using clean wet cloth.
Cut anvil wood：It is cut off at stock trunk height about 0.2m, in the side of epidermis smooth-going, by the xylem edge of clip
And with the deep about 2cm of the downward vertical cut of xylem, stock notch depth is consistent with the long bevel of scion.
Grafting fringe and tie up plastic tape：Stock is inserted into notch scion has been cut at once after cutting, and long bevel inwardly, makes it
Forming layer be close to, the cortex of stock notch is helped directly upwards, at once with grafting special plastic band first exposing fringe bar single layer packet
Sternly, helically formula binding stock bottom-up later and scion, scion bud eye can only wrap one layer of plastic tape, just can be voluntarily after rudiment
Rupture of membranes is grown, and otherwise, rudiment difficulty rupture of membranes is easily occurred and is caused dead bud phenomenon.
Managing after grafting
(I) bud picking, which removes, sprouts
Cochin yellow wingceltis should start stock young sprout of erasing after grafting about 7 days, later primary except sprouting per two weeks stock bud picking, protect
Card concentrates nutrient supply scion growth.If not in time to stock bud picking, it may appear that scion rudiment is slow, move back bud or not rudiment is existing
As seriously affecting graft survival rate and its young sprout growth.
(II) top dressing uprooting weed
After grafting 2 months, can 20-30g/ plant of Qing Shi composite fertilizers, preferably apply composite fertilizer 25g/ plant, total fertilising is 2-5 times,
It is preferred that apply 3 times, can not heavy dressing in order to avoid cause fertilizer damage or excessive growth.Meanwhile the work that weeds out the rank grass should be usually carried out, reduce weeds
Competition, ensure nursery stock energy normal growth.
(III) unbinds in due course
Cochin yellow wingceltis nursery stock should unbind the plastic tape of grafting in due course.If without unbinding in time, plastic tape can transfer up to one's neck in
The xylem of socket part position causes to hang " frog " phenomenon, can influence growth and even fracture.General grafting can unbind modeling after 3 months
Material strip, the black tape that plastic tape is used with electrician at once after unbinding, which glues, to be tied up, and graft union is avoided just to heal insecure appearance fracture now
As.
(IV) prevents pest and disease damage
Cochin yellow wingceltis nursery stock pest and disease damage occurs less, and it is mainly anthracnose etc. that insect pest, which mainly has aphid etc., disease,.Use pesticide
Relatively mild kind can be selected, such as：BASF hundred is 1000-1500 times safe, likes 4000-5000 times of seedling, insecticide chlorine cyanogen imidacloprid
1000-1500 times, 800-1000 times of pyridine worm miaow etc., desinsection can be used in mixed way with fungicide.Access times are depending on feelings, generally
Spray 3-4 times.
The present invention also provides a kind of purposes of this stock grafting method of cochin yellow wingceltis in cultivating cochin yellow wingceltis nursery stock, make
The grafting nursery stock cultivated with this stock grafting method of cochin yellow wingceltis can keep former varietal character constant.By selecting cochin yellow wingceltis
The branch engrafting and cultivating fine quality nursery stock of excellent strain can build breeding garden innovation kind and production seminal propagation nursery stock, be woods
The important means of the wooden breeding.The grafting nursery stock half a year cultivated using this stock grafting method of cochin yellow wingceltis or so average height can
Up to 40cm or more, nursery stock size strain is moderate, is readily transported and loading-unloading vehicle, and be well suited for being out of the garden afforestation of going up a hill.
The advantageous effect further illustrated the present invention with reference to preferred embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of this stock grafting method of cochin yellow wingceltis is present embodiments provided, this method uses double bud branch cut-graftings, including
Following steps：
Stock is cultivated：
(I) nutrition packeted soil：With the Nutrition Soil of the packed upper preparation of the nursery special plastic of the wide 12cm of specification × high 19cm, dress
Discharge is at 1m wide seedling furrow after bag, and per furrow traverse nutrient bag about 4, about 20% fine sand is added using red soil in Nutrition Soil, then mixes
Being uniformly mixed after 3% calcium and magnesium Phosphate minerals fertilizer can pack.
(II) stock Cultivate administration：With the well-grown seedling of semi-annual cochin yellow wingceltis, planted before and after by the end of March in spring
In nutrient bag, every bag of 1 seedlings of plantation.Root water is irrigated after seedling planting, is often watered with backsight feelings.After plantation 1 month
Nursery stock has survived pumping hair young sprout, frequent Jiao Shi composite fertilizers, accomplishes that book fertilizer is diligent and applies, and usually and carries out uprooting weed work.Stock is planted
Disease pest seldom occurs afterwards, need not generally prevent.When planting half a year to the 9-10 months, stock is averaged ground diameter more than 1.3cm, and height is big
In 1.4m, next year by the end of February stock up to ground diameter 1.7cm, height of seedling 1.8cm.
It is grafted using the method for double bud branch cut-graftings, concrete operations are as follows：
(I) scion acquires：1 day before grafting, from the middle and upper part spring current year tip of the cochin yellow wingceltis and stock homophyletic selected
Branch, clip scion.It is required that branch thick 0.5cm of clip or so, bud eye are full, lignifying, no disease and pests harm.
(II) cuts scion：The branch of clip is cut into length about 3-4cm, the scion for enriching full bud eye with 2.It will
Scion base portion both sides are symmetrically whittled into two bevels of a short length, and long bevel length about 1.5-2cm, as deep as xylem is short
Bevel is whittled into about 30 degree of angle, length about 0.5cm, and bevel will smooth out.Scion is cut to be encased moisturizing and waits for temporarily using clean wet cloth afterwards
With.
(III) cut anvil wood：It is cut off at stock trunk height about 0.2m, in the side of epidermis smooth-going, by the xylem of clip
Edge is simultaneously consistent with the long bevel of scion with the downward vertical cut of xylem about 2cm, stock notch depth deeply.
(IV) grafting fringe and tie up plastic tape：Stock cut after at once cut scion insertion notch, long bevel inwardly,
So that their forming layers is close to, the cortex of stock notch is helped directly upwards, at once with grafting special plastic band first exposing fringe bar list
Layer Bao Yan, helically formula binding stock bottom-up later and scion, scion bud eye can only wrap one layer of plastic tape, just can after rudiment
Voluntarily rupture of membranes is grown, and otherwise, rudiment difficulty rupture of membranes is easily occurred and is caused dead bud phenomenon.
Managing after grafting
(I) bud picking, which removes, sprouts：Cochin yellow wingceltis should start stock young sprout of erasing after grafting about 7 days, be smeared later per two weeks stock
Bud is primary except sprouting, and ensures to concentrate nutrient supply scion growth.
(II) top dressing uprooting weed：After grafting 2 months, composite fertilizer 25g/ plants is applied, is applied 3 times.Meanwhile it should usually carry out and pull out
Weeds work, and reduce the competition of weeds, ensure nursery stock energy normal growth.
(III) unbinds in due course：Cochin yellow wingceltis nursery stock should unbind the plastic tape of grafting in due course.Grafting unbinds plastics after 3 months
Band, the black tape that plastic tape is used with electrician at once after unbinding, which glues, to be tied up.
(IV) prevents pest and disease damage：Relatively mild kind can be selected using pesticide and prevent pest and disease damage, such as：BASF hundred is safe
4000-5000 times 1000-1500 times, love of seedling, 1000-1500 times of insecticide chlorine cyanogen imidacloprid, 800-1000 times of pyridine worm miaow etc. are killed
Worm can be used in mixed way with fungicide, and access times are depending on feelings, general spray 3-4 times.
Embodiment 2
A kind of this stock grafting method of cochin yellow wingceltis is present embodiments provided, difference lies in scion is chosen with embodiment 1
With the cochin yellow wingceltis branch of stock not homophyletic.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a kind of this stock grafting method of cochin yellow wingceltis, and difference lies in should with embodiment 1 for this method
Method uses simple bud cut-grafting.
Grafting includes the following steps：
(I) cuts scion：1 leaf bud is first selected on the branch of cochin yellow wingceltis, 0.5 centimeters are horizontal above selected leaf bud
Partial application, as deep as xylem, then the horizontal partial application of 1 centimeters below leaf bud, then it is close to branch from the crosscutting place in lower end with knife
Xylem is pruned upwards, cuts be whittled into a peltate bud tablets wide at the top and narrow at the bottom to the crosscutting place in upper end as scion, by what is cut always
Scion is covered spare with wet cloth.
(II) cut anvil wood：It is cut off at stock trunk height about 0.2m, in the side of epidermis smooth-going, by the xylem of clip
Edge and with the deep about 1.5cm-2.0cm of the downward vertical cut of xylem, stock notch depth is consistent with scion length.And it cuts stock and cuts out
Cortex upper end 0.5cm length.
(III) grafting fringe and tie up plastic tape：Stock is inserted into notch scion has been cut at once after cutting, and makes their forming layers
Be close to, the cortex of stock notch helped directly upwards, at once with grafting special plastic band first fringe bar single layer Bao Yan, later from it is lower to
On helically formula binding stock and scion, scion bud eye can only wrap one layer of plastic tape, after rudiment just can voluntarily rupture of membranes grow, it is no
Then, easily there is rudiment difficulty rupture of membranes and cause dead bud phenomenon.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides a kind of this stock grafting method of cochin yellow wingceltis, and difference lies in should with embodiment 1 for this method
Method uses simple bud branch cut-grafting.
Grafting includes the following steps：
(I) cuts scion：Branch is cut into length about 2-3cm, the scion for enriching full bud eye with 1.By scion base
Portion both sides are symmetrically whittled into two bevels of a short length, and long bevel length about 1.5-2cm, as deep as xylem, short bevel is cut
At about 30 degree of angle, length about 0.5cm, bevel will smooth out.Scion cuts afterwards that encase moisturizing temporarily for use using clean wet cloth.
(II) cut anvil wood：It is cut off at stock trunk height about 0.2m, in the side of epidermis smooth-going, by the xylem of clip
Edge is simultaneously consistent with the long bevel of scion with the downward vertical cut of xylem about 2cm, stock notch depth deeply.
(III) grafting fringe and tie up plastic tape：Stock is inserted into notch scion has been cut at once after cutting, and makes their forming layers
It is close to, the cortex of stock notch is helped directly upwards, at once with grafting special plastic band first exposing fringe bar single layer Bao Yan, later certainly
Lower helically formula binding stock and scion, scion bud eye can only wrap one layer of plastic tape upwards, just can voluntarily rupture of membranes be grown after rudiment,
Otherwise, easily there is rudiment difficulty rupture of membranes and cause dead bud phenomenon.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example provides a kind of this stock grafting method of cochin yellow wingceltis, and difference lies in should with embodiment 1 for this method
Method uses simple bud side grafting, and managing after grafting will increase timely cut anvil.
Grafting includes the following steps：
(I) cuts scion：1 leaf bud is first selected on the branch of cochin yellow wingceltis, 0.5 centimeters are horizontal above selected leaf bud
Partial application, as deep as xylem, then the horizontal partial application of 1 centimeters below leaf bud, then it is close to branch from the crosscutting place in lower end with knife
Xylem is pruned upwards, cuts be whittled into a peltate bud tablets wide at the top and narrow at the bottom to the crosscutting place in upper end as scion, by what is cut always
Scion is covered spare with wet cloth.
(II) cut anvil wood：After first being cut off at stock trunk height about 0.6m, the epidermis at stock trunk height about 0.2m
The horizontal partial application in side of smooth-going is about 1cm, and depth is advisable with cutting off stock cortex, then peels downwards layer from Heng Kouchu, as deep as wood
Matter portion is about 1.5~2 centimetres, and stock incision length is consistent with scion length, and cuts the cortex upper end 0.5cm that stock is cut out
Length.
(III) grafting fringe and tie up plastic tape：Stock is inserted into notch scion has been cut at once after cutting, and makes their forming layers
Be close to, the cortex of stock notch helped directly upwards, at once with grafting special plastic band first fringe bar single layer Bao Yan, later from it is lower to
On helically formula binding stock and scion, scion bud eye can only wrap one layer of plastic tape, after rudiment just can voluntarily rupture of membranes grow, otherwise
Easily rudiment difficulty rupture of membranes occur causes dead bud phenomenon.
Managing after grafting：
Managing after grafting comparative example 1 will increase timely cut anvil work, and other management contents are the same as embodiment 1.
Cut anvil：When grafting 1 month, the own sprout growth of scion in time wipes out stock trunk above scion, concentrates nutrition supplying
Scion is answered to grow.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example provides a kind of this stock grafting method of cochin yellow wingceltis, and difference lies in should with embodiment 1 for this method
Method uses simple bud branch side grafting, managing after grafting to increase timely cut anvil.
Grafting includes the following steps：
(I) cuts scion：Branch is cut into length about 2-3cm, the scion for enriching full bud eye with 1.By scion base
Portion both sides are symmetrically whittled into two bevels of a short length, and long bevel length about 1.5-2cm, as deep as xylem, short bevel is cut
At about 30 degree of angle, length about 0.5cm, bevel will smooth out.Scion cuts afterwards that encase moisturizing temporarily for use using clean wet cloth.
(II) cut anvil wood：After first being cut off at stock trunk height about 0.6m, the epidermis at stock trunk height about 0.2m
The horizontal partial application in side of smooth-going is about 1cm, and depth is advisable with cutting off stock cortex, then peels downwards layer from Heng Kouchu, as deep as wood
Matter portion is about 1.5~2 centimetres, and stock incision length is consistent with scion length.
(III) grafting fringe and tie up plastic tape：Stock is inserted into notch scion has been cut at once after cutting, and makes their forming layers
It is close to, the cortex of stock notch is helped directly upwards, at once with grafting special plastic band first exposing fringe bar single layer Bao Yan, later certainly
Lower helically formula binding stock and scion, scion bud eye can only wrap one layer of plastic tape upwards, just can voluntarily rupture of membranes be grown after rudiment,
Otherwise easily there is rudiment difficulty rupture of membranes and cause dead bud phenomenon.
Managing after grafting
Managing after grafting comparative example 1 will increase timely cut anvil work, and other management contents are the same as embodiment 1.
Cut anvil：When grafting 1 month, the own sprout growth of scion in time wipes out stock trunk above scion, concentrates nutrition supplying
Scion is answered to grow.
Effect example 1
2 grafting seasons of design carry out 4 Grafting Experiments altogether, i.e. autumn (September in 2015 30 days, 2016 on September 30)
With spring (on 2 28th, 2016, on 2 28th, 2017), experiment is repeated for many years further to verify Relationship between Graft Effect accuracy.4
It is secondary to graft stock respectively 60 plants of the grafting for selecting same family, 240 plants are grafted altogether, and the cochin yellow wingceltis of the offer of embodiment 1 is provided
This stock grafting method grafting.
Test result is as shown in table 1 below.
1 different time Relationship between Graft Effect investigation of table
As can be seen from the above table, 2 year autumn of cochin yellow wingceltis nursery stock connects, the average survival that the spring connects is respectively 95.8%,
85.8%, connect that motility rate is connected into than spring is high by 10% the autumn；Autumn connects, the spring meets respectively 26cm, 69.5cm for grafting young sprout growth in 3 months, with
Spring connects young sprout growth soon, the spring next year annual seedling height 1.6m or more that the spring connects.Scion starts rudiment, spring after autumn connects 10 days
It meets relatively low 25 talent of scion of rear temperature and starts rudiment.It observes, is connected in the autumn, not only high graft survival rate from Relationship between Graft Effect, and
And seedling raise period half a year can be shortened, semi-annual seedling height is moderate, conveniently go up a hill transport and plantation.
Effect example 2
This anvil homophyletic, different strain scion Grafting Experiment are done within 30th in September in 2016.The engrafting method of this anvil homophyletic is using implementation
The method that example 1 provides, the engrafting method of this anvil different strain use the method that embodiment 2 provides.The scion for grafting this anvil homophyletic is selected
The full branch of stock itself bud eye, the scion for grafting this anvil different strain select the same excellent strain bud eye of superior families afforestation on mountain full
Full branch.Each 32 plants of strain number is grafted in this anvil homophyletic, different strain scion, in stock trunk height 0.15m-0.20m cut-outs, using double
Bud branch cut-grafting method.Test result is as shown in table 2：
As known from Table 2, this anvil of cochin yellow wingceltis homophyletic, different strain scion Relationship between Graft Effect are good, and the two difference is little, it is average at
For motility rate up to 93% or more, Seedling height growth is normal, and grafting affinity is good, is fully able to meet the upper technology needs of production.
Effect example 3
Growing state after the engrafting method grafting that comparing embodiment 1 and comparative example 2-4 are provided, test result are as shown in table 3：
3 different modes of table graft investigation
Seedling grafting survival rate index is to reflect whether it grafts one of successful Main Factors.To the survival rate in table 3
Variance analysis is carried out after arcsine converts, the results showed that：Different modes are grafted, the not notable [F of each district's groups average survival difference
District's groups=2.48<F0.05 (2,8)=3.81], show that Survival rate of nursery stock is more consistent, experimental design is reasonable；Different grafting methods survive
Rate difference reaches extremely notable [processing=12.55 F>F0.01 (4,8)=7.01], illustrate that different modes grafting is to influence survival rate
Main cause.In 5 kinds of grafting methods, double bud branch cut-grafting survival rates are up to 96.7%, followed by simple bud branch cut-grafting survival rate
It is 93.3%.It is that simple bud side grafting stays mobile jib mode there was only 85% that survival rate is minimum, possible cause be the small accumulation nutrition of scion it is few and
Easy disappearance moisture causes dead bud.In general, double bud branch cut-graftings can meet and be applied in production.In addition, cochin yellow wingceltis nursery stock has
There is stronger cold resistance.ZhangZhou undergoes serious cold wave in by the end of January, 2016, and -2 DEG C of the lowest temperature is hereinafter, nursery stock is encircleed in simple plastics
Not by frostbite in canopy.
Effect example 1- effects example 3 is experimental field located at Longhai City hayashishita state-owned forest farms field portion nursery, is located in 117 ° 29 ' 18 " E,
24 ° 29 ' 46 " N, height above sea level 30m, belong to south subtropics weather, and soil is thick bone red soil, 20 DEG C of average annual temperature, average annual precipitation
1600mm or so has frost season 2-3d.
The investigation method of effect example 1- effects example 3：Stock growth indexes are investigated before grafting, after grafting from the 10th day, 3
1 rudiment of observation in every 10 days and young sprout upgrowth situation, winter young sprout Hibernation in a month.Measure ground by strain within 3 months after grafting
Diameter, height of seedling, survival rate, and it is for statistical analysis.
Finally it should be noted that：The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments for pipe, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that：Its according to
So can with technical scheme described in the above embodiments is modified, either to which part or all technical features into
Row equivalent replacement；And these modifications or replacements, various embodiments of the present invention technology that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
The range of scheme.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of this stock grafting method of cochin yellow wingceltis, which is characterized in that using cochin yellow wingceltis seedling as stock, with cochin yellow wingceltis
Branch be scion, scion is grafted in into stock by the way of cut-grafting；The scion includes at least two buds.
2. this stock grafting method of cochin yellow wingceltis according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the bud is bud eye；
Preferably, include two bud eyes in the scion.
3. this stock grafting method of cochin yellow wingceltis according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the time of grafting is 9-10
Month；Preferably early October late September-；More preferably late September；
Preferably, implement this stock grafting method of the cochin yellow wingceltis under south subtropics weather conditions.
4. this stock grafting method of cochin yellow wingceltis according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the stock be ground diameter at least
For 1.3cm, height is at least the cochin yellow wingceltis of 1.4m；
Preferably, the stock is cultivated as follows：The cochin yellow wingceltis seedling for growing half a year is planted in the 3-4 months in battalion
It supports in soil, plantation half a year was to 1 year；
Preferably, the Nutrition Soil includes the fine sand of 15%-25% as mass fraction, and the calcium phosphorus magnesium mineral fertilizer of 1%-5% is remaining
Amount is soil.
5. this stock grafting method of cochin yellow wingceltis according to claim 1, which is characterized in that scion is cochin yellow wingceltis current year
Spring slightly branch；
Preferably, the spring slightly branch of a diameter of 0.4-0.8cm is chosen in scion；It is preferred that 0.4-0.6cm；More preferable 0.5cm；
Preferably, scion chooses that bud eye is full, branch of lignifying and no disease and pests harm, keeps moistening after branch clip, is placed on the moon
Cool place is spare.
6. this stock grafting method of cochin yellow wingceltis according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it is 3- that branch, which is cut into length,
The scion of 4cm；It cuts off at stock trunk height 15-20cm, then grafts.
7. this stock grafting method of the cochin yellow wingceltis according to any one of claim 1-6, which is characterized in that the cut-grafting
Include the following steps：
(a) scion base portion both sides are symmetrically whittled into the bevel of two smooth-goings of a short length, long bevel length is 1.5-2cm,
And as deep as xylem；Short bevel is in 30-45 degree angle with branch length direction, and bevel length is 0.5-1cm；
(b) it is cut off at stock trunk height 15-20cm, in the side of epidermis smooth-going, by clip xylem edge and with wooden
The deep about 1.5-2cm of the downward vertical cut in portion, stock notch depth are consistent with the long bevel of scion；
(c) it is inserted into notch scion has been cut after stock is cut, long bevel inwardly, makes the forming layer of stock and scion be close to,
The cortex of stock notch is helped directly upwards, and graft union is sealed；
Preferably, graft union sealing is using grafting special plastic band, and first exposing fringe bar single layer Bao Yan, bottom-up later is in spiral shell
Rotating binding stock and scion；
Preferably, after grafting polybag is unbinded after at least three months.
8. this stock grafting method of the cochin yellow wingceltis according to any one of claim 1-6, which is characterized in that cochin yellow wingceltis
Nursery stock is managed after grafting, including removal stock sprouting, fertilising, weeding and prevention pest and disease damage；
Preferably, grafting removes stock newly slightly after at least 7 days, and every 10-20 days, at least removal stock was newly slightly secondary later.
9. this stock grafting method of cochin yellow wingceltis according to claim 8, which is characterized in that grafting is applied after at least two months
Composite fertilizer 20-30g/ plants, fertilising sum is 2-5 times.
10. this stock grafting method of the cochin yellow wingceltis described in a kind of any one of claim 1-9 is cultivating the grafting of cochin yellow wingceltis
Purposes in nursery stock.
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Cited By (1)
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