CN102007854A - Chinese character hu-shaped grafting and final-period management methods for Dalbergia odorifera - Google Patents
Chinese character hu-shaped grafting and final-period management methods for Dalbergia odorifera Download PDFInfo
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- CN102007854A CN102007854A CN2010102957620A CN201010295762A CN102007854A CN 102007854 A CN102007854 A CN 102007854A CN 2010102957620 A CN2010102957620 A CN 2010102957620A CN 201010295762 A CN201010295762 A CN 201010295762A CN 102007854 A CN102007854 A CN 102007854A
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Abstract
The invention discloses Chinese character hu-shaped grafting and final-period management methods for Dalbergia odorifera. The grafting method comprises the following steps of: 1) collecting cions, namely selecting and taking branch cions growing well on the top and middle part at the periphery of the crown of a Dalbergia odorifera female parent, cutting out leaves timely, removing useless parts, carefully wrapping with a wet towel or coarse paper and moisturizing; 2) selecting stocks, namely selecting Dalbergia odorifera container seedling which has height of between 50 and 80 cm, the ground diameter of between 0.5 and 0.8 cm and grows well; 3) treating ports, namely chopping cions and stocks by using a sharp grafting tool; and 4) performing Chinese character hu-shaped grafting, namely aligning the cion with a treated port with stock cambium to ensure that the cion with the treated port is tightly adhered to the stock cambium to form a shape like a Chinese character 'hu', so the largest area of the cambium connecting the cion is ensured. The final-period management method comprises the following steps of: 1) performing water and fertilization management; 2) removing sprouts timely; and 3) removing shoot at proper time. The methods effectively solve the problem of low survival rate of the conventional grafting technology and have great market competitive force, so that the methods have wide application prospect and can produce great economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of dalbergia odorifera graft technology, specifically a kind of dalbergia odorifera " mutually " shape grafting and final-period management method.Belong to the seedling-wood breeding field.
Background technology
Dalbergia odorifera (Dalbergia odorifera T.Chen) has another name called Hainan chrysanthemum pears, is a kind of half deciduous tree of Papilionaceae Dalbergia; be the famous and precious special cargo material of China; one of two kinds of rare redwood seeds of homemade natural distributed belong to national second class protection seeds, originate in Hainan Island.In recent years, be subjected to ordering about of economic interests, the stolen phenomenon that cuts down trees at random of cutting of dalbergia odorifera is very serious, the high-quality resource of preserving is extremely poor, make it to be worth striking, brought up the surging enthusiasm that the self-employed tree cultivator of South China plants rare tree simultaneously, and dalbergia odorifera undoubtedly becomes one of most popular preciousness plantation seeds.Yet, dalbergia odorifera mainly adopts seminal propagation at present, because it is that cross-pollinatd plant natural crossing phenomenon is very general, produce the branch of avocado and chaff pears therefrom, nursery stock afforestation back by seminal propagation is big in the differentiation of aspects such as growth, wood property, both be unfavorable for the raising of output, and can not have guaranteed good wood property again, its plantation promotion effect is unsatisfactory.For the fine germplasm resources of preserving dalbergia odorifera and the merit of elite stand, and further promote its plantation in this area, it is significant to study its graft technology.At present, normal large tracts of land such as willow and sassafras uses grafting to afforest, make the standing forest growth neat, and good wood property arranged, for making dalbergia odorifera also can breed good clone nursery stock in large quantities by grafting, the begin one's study grafting fast breeding technique of dalbergia odorifera of beginning Tropical Foresty Inst., Chinese Academy of Foresty Sciences in 2006, wherein often graft survival rate is not high for several conventional methods of scion grafting, be to improve graft survival rate, must improve and innovate conventional method.
Summary of the invention
First purpose of the present invention is in order to solve the low problem of prior art graft survival rate, a kind of dalbergia odorifera " mutually " shape grafting method to be provided.
Second purpose of the present invention is for the final-period management method of a kind of dalbergia odorifera " mutually " shape grafting is provided.
First purpose of the present invention can reach by the following technical programs:
1, dalbergia odorifera " mutually " shape grafting method is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1) gathers scion
At first choose the full branch of the eye that grows fine, in time cut off its blade after described branch is taken off, preserve moisture with wet towel or the careful parcel of toilet paper then, form the scion branch in the middle and upper part of the maternal tree crown of dalbergia odorifera;
2) select stock
Selecting container seedlings such as good dalbergia odorifera nutritious bag of height of seedling 50cm～80cm, leading thread 0.5cm～0.8cm growing situation or light matrix is stock, keep the distance that keeps 50～60cm between 10cm～15cm, seedbed between the nursery stock of stock, grafting is a few days ago sprayed diseases prevention worm medicine and is waited to connect;
3) scion and stock form " shape mutually " interface
Earlier the scion branch of step 1) is repaiied long petiole with blade, the sterilization and of carrying out disinfection then with the segmentation of described scion branch, one section of two buds or simple bud, every section becomes a scion; The angle of 30～45 inclinationes is cut out in scion eye bottom in the back, the length 0.6cm of this angle～0.8cm, again the anti-tiltedly cutter of the top rear face of described angle a little, form little anti-angle, along the anti-angle long epidermis of 1.6cm～2.0cm of axially directly riving, reach xylem deeply then; The last long 1.2cm～1.5cm of epidermis that prunes below angle and reach xylem deeply promptly handles scion well;
Same quadrat method, earlier with blade with step 2) the stock top selected cuts out the oblique fracture of 30～45 inclinationes, from stock base portion height 15cm～20cm, the length 0.7cm of oblique fracture～0.9cm, on the top of oblique fracture anti-tiltedly cutter a little, form little anti-angle, along the anti-angle long epidermis of 1.8cm～2.3cm of axially directly riving, reach xylem deeply then; The last long 1.2cm～1.5cm of epidermis that prunes below angle and reach xylem deeply promptly handles stock well;
4) " mutually " shape grafting
Handle step 3) well the scion of interface and the cambium aligning of stock, they are fitted closely, and scion and stock are directly split the epidermis of not removing reach mutually by the part after the other side's peeling, form " mutually " shape, cause cambium each other that linking to each other of maximum area arranged,, wrap up tight joint with the grafting plastic sheeting for farm use bar from coil to coil winding from bottom to top of wide 5cm, wrap up scion again, promptly finished this grafting.
First purpose of the present invention can also reach by the following technical programs:
Realize that a kind of embodiment of first purpose of the present invention is: the full branch of the eye that grows fine described in the step 1) is the peripheral upwards strong branch of growth of tree crown, and eye is outstanding under the axil.
Realize that a kind of embodiment of first purpose of the present invention is: step 2) described nutritious bag seedling, nutritious bag wherein is for adopting (7cm+8cm) x15cm black plastic hole film bag, and interior dress loamy soil+1% superphosphate is matrix.
Realize that a kind of embodiment of first purpose of the present invention is: the step 2) nursery stock of described light matrix seedling for using light matrix to cultivate, wherein light matrix is formulated in proportion by loam, peat soil, the bark that becomes thoroughly decomposed and sawdust.
Second purpose of the present invention can reach by the following technical programs:
The final-period management method of dalbergia odorifera " mutually " shape grafting is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1) water and fertilizer management
Use high-quality N
15P
15K
15Composite fertilizer 500g places 50kg water, make its dissolving back drench seedling as far as possible, seedling is washed with clear water in the fertilising back, in case trickle behind fertilizer burn tender leaf or the broadcast application, be about to the directly diffusing stock base portion that is spread on of composite fertilizer, every 0.9g～1g, trickle or auto spraying allow the fertilizer dissolving enter matrix and absorb for nursery stock then.
2) in time put bud
Behind the grafting survival, in time put bud, need in time to needle film with sharp point of a knife when dark green full eye is subjected to the compressing of film in the scion plastic sheeting for farm use, eye can freely be grown, each scion allows a well-grown eye rupture of membranes and goes out.
3) in good time except that sprouting
For making scion growth better, survival rate is higher, and bud and the grafting bud contention nutrition of avoiding growing directly from seeds needs the often bud that grows directly from seeds of removal base portion, guarantees that the grafting budling is well-grown to find and remove the nursery stock of growing directly from seeds simultaneously.
The present invention has following outstanding beneficial effect:
1, the present invention be owing to can have the butt joint of maximum area between stock and scion cambium, thereby graft survival rate is almost reached absolutely, efficiently solves the existing low problem of graft technology graft survival rate.
2, the present invention can breed the choiceness through seed selection and mensuration, and the grafting of production is the nursery stock of breeding, has the powerful market competitiveness, thereby has broad application prospects, and can produce huge economic benefit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 chooses the schematic diagram of budling for the present invention.
Fig. 2 cuts out the schematic diagram of angle to scion for the present invention.
The schematic diagram that Fig. 3 directly splits and removes the peel scion for the present invention.
Fig. 4 handles the schematic diagram of stock for the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of scion of the present invention and first kind of juncture of stock.
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of scion of the present invention and second kind of juncture of stock.
Embodiment
Specific embodiment 1:
Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 constitute specific embodiments of the invention 1.
The grafting method of present embodiment is as follows:
1) collection of scion and formation interface
With reference to Fig. 1, choose the full branch of the eye that grows fine in the middle and upper part of the maternal tree crown of dalbergia odorifera, after taking off, the branch scion in time cuts off blade, remove nonuseable part, preserve moisture with wet towel or the careful parcel of toilet paper.During grafting with secateurs with described budling segmentation, one section of two buds or simple bud, every section becomes a scion;
With reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, with blade long petiole is repaiied in scion, the angle of 30～45 inclinationes is cut out in the eye bottom in the back, the length 0.6cm of this angle～0.8cm, again the anti-tiltedly cutter of the top rear face of described angle a little, form little anti-angle, along the anti-angle long epidermis of 1.6cm～2.0cm of axially directly riving, reach xylem deeply then; The last long 1.2cm～1.5cm of epidermis that prunes below angle and reach xylem deeply promptly handles scion well;
2) selection of stock and formation interface
With reference to Fig. 4, selecting container seedlings such as good dalbergia odorifera nutritious bag of height of seedling 50cm～80cm, leading thread 0.5cm～0.8cm growing situation or light matrix is stock, keep the distance that keeps 50cm～60cm between 10cm～15cm, seedbed between the nursery stock of stock, the people could stand or be seated and carry out the grafting activity like this, and grafting is a few days ago sprayed diseases prevention worm medicine and waited to connect; With blade the oblique fracture of 30～45 inclinationes is cut out on the stock top of selecting during grafting, from stock base portion height 15cm～20cm, the length 0.7cm of oblique fracture～0.9cm, on the top of oblique fracture anti-tiltedly cutter a little, form little anti-angle, along the anti-angle long epidermis of 1.8cm～2.3cm of axially directly riving, reach xylem deeply then; The last long 1.2cm～1.5cm of epidermis that prunes below angle and reach xylem deeply promptly handles stock well;
3) " mutually " shape grafting
With reference to Fig. 5, aim at handling the scion of interface and the cambium of stock well, they are fitted closely, and scion and stock are directly split the epidermis of not removing reach mutually by the part after the other side's peeling, form " mutually " shape, causing each other, cambium has the continuous of maximum area, grafting plastic sheeting for farm use bar from coil to coil winding from bottom to top with wide 5cm, wrap up tight joint, wrapped up scion again, promptly finished this grafting.
Wherein, the full branch of the eye that grows fine described in the step 1) is the peripheral upwards strong branch of growth of tree crown, and eye is outstanding under the axil; Step 2) described nutritious bag seedling, nutritious bag wherein be for adopting (7cm+8cm) x16cm black plastic hole film bag, interior dress loamy soil+1% superphosphate, or 89% yellow soil+10% to burn soil+1% superphosphate be matrix; Described seedling is meant by the nursery stock of seed by the sowing growth.
The final-period management method of present embodiment is as follows
1) water and fertilizer management
Use high-quality N
15P
15K
15Composite fertilizer 500g places 50kg water, make its dissolving back drench seedling as far as possible, seedling is washed with clear water in the fertilising back, in case trickle behind fertilizer burn tender leaf or the broadcast application, be about to the directly diffusing stock base portion that is spread on of composite fertilizer, every 0.9g～1g, trickle or auto spraying allow the fertilizer dissolving enter matrix and absorb for nursery stock then.
2) in time put bud
Behind the grafting survival, in time put bud, need in time to needle film with sharp point of a knife when dark green full eye is subjected to the compressing of film in the scion plastic sheeting for farm use, eye can freely be grown, each scion allows a well-grown eye rupture of membranes and goes out.
3) in good time except that sprouting
For making scion growth better, survival rate is higher, and bud and the grafting bud contention nutrition of avoiding growing directly from seeds needs the often bud that grows directly from seeds of removal base portion, guarantees that the grafting budling is well-grown to find and remove the nursery stock of growing directly from seeds simultaneously.
Specific embodiment 2:
With reference to Fig. 6, the 3rd) in " mutually " the shape grafting in step, the angle of scion is aimed at the angle of stock, made their applyings tight, formation " mutually " type.
All the other are with specific embodiment 1.
Other specific embodiments:
The main feature of other specific embodiments of the present invention is: in each step:
The 2nd) step can be adopted the good light matrix seedling of growing situation, the nursery stock that described light matrix seedling is to use light matrix to cultivate, wherein light matrix can be with 50% loam, 50% peat (or light minerals such as vermiculite, perlite, agriculture and forestry organic waste materials such as coniferous bark powder, coconut palm chaff, vegetable fiber), through the vexed smoked sterilization of formalin solution 20 days～30 days, mix and mix equal afterloading tube, and use 0.1% disinfecting solution of potassium permanganate again the previous day of transplanting seedlings.Can be according to the various places actual conditions, apolegamy is unfixing especially flexibly.
The 2nd) step is selected in the stock, and height of seedling can be 60cm, 70cm or 80cm, and leading thread can be 0.6cm, 0.7cm or 0.8cm.
All the other are with specific embodiment 1 and specific embodiment 2.
Claims (5)
1. dalbergia odorifera " mutually " shape grafting method is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1) gathers scion
At first choose the full branch of the eye that grows fine, in time cut off its blade after described branch is taken off, preserve moisture with wet towel or the careful parcel of toilet paper then, form the scion branch in the middle and upper part of the maternal tree crown of dalbergia odorifera;
2) select stock
Selecting container seedlings such as good dalbergia odorifera nutritious bag of height of seedling 50cm～80cm, leading thread 0.5cm～0.8cm growing situation or light matrix is stock, keep the distance that keeps 50cm～60cm between 10cm～15cm, seedbed between the nursery stock of stock, grafting is a few days ago sprayed diseases prevention worm medicine and is waited to connect;
3) scion and stock form " mutually " shape interface
Earlier the scion branch of step 1) is repaiied long petiole with blade, the sterilization and of carrying out disinfection then with the segmentation of described scion branch, one section of two buds or simple bud, every section becomes a scion; The angle of 30～45 inclinationes is cut out in scion eye bottom in the back, the length 0.6cm of this angle～0.8cm, again the anti-tiltedly cutter of the top rear face of described angle a little, form little anti-angle, along the anti-angle long epidermis of 1.6cm～2.0cm of axially directly riving, reach xylem deeply then; The last long 1.2cm～1.5cm of epidermis that prunes below angle and reach xylem deeply promptly handles scion well;
Same quadrat method, earlier with blade with step 2) the stock top selected cuts out the oblique fracture of 30～45 inclinationes, from stock base portion height 15cm～20cm, the length 0.7cm of oblique fracture～0.9cm, on the top of oblique fracture anti-tiltedly cutter a little, form little anti-angle, along the anti-angle long epidermis of 1.8cm～2.3cm of axially directly riving, reach xylem deeply then; The last long 1.2cm～1.5cm of epidermis that prunes below angle and reach xylem deeply promptly handles stock well;
4) " mutually " shape grafting
Handle step 3) well the scion of interface and the cambium aligning of stock, they are fitted closely, and scion and stock are directly split the epidermis of not removing reach mutually by the part after the other side's peeling, form " mutually " shape, cause cambium each other that linking to each other of maximum area arranged,, wrap up tight joint with the grafting plastic sheeting for farm use bar from coil to coil winding from bottom to top of wide 5cm, wrap up scion again, promptly finished this grafting.
2. a kind of dalbergia odorifera according to claim 1 " mutually " shape grafting method is characterized in that: the full branch of the eye that grows fine described in the step 1) is the peripheral upwards strong branch of growth of tree crown, and eye is outstanding under the axil.
3. a kind of dalbergia odorifera according to claim 1 " mutually " shape grafting method, it is characterized in that: step 2) described nutritious bag seedling, nutritious bag wherein is for adopting (7cm+8cm) x16cm black plastic hole film bag, and interior dress loamy soil+1% superphosphate is matrix.
4. a kind of dalbergia odorifera according to claim 1 " mutually " shape grafting method, it is characterized in that: step 2) nursery stock of described light matrix seedling for using light matrix to cultivate, wherein light matrix is formulated in proportion by loam, peat soil, the bark that becomes thoroughly decomposed and sawdust.
5. the final-period management method of dalbergia odorifera " mutually " shape grafting is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
1) water and fertilizer management
Use high-quality N
15P
15K
15Composite fertilizer 500g places 50kg water, make its dissolving back drench seedling as far as possible, seedling is washed with clear water in the fertilising back, in case trickle behind fertilizer burn tender leaf or the broadcast application, be about to the directly diffusing stock base portion that is spread on of composite fertilizer, every 0.9g～1g, trickle or auto spraying allow the fertilizer dissolving enter matrix and absorb for nursery stock then.
2) in time put bud
Behind the grafting survival, in time put bud, need in time to needle film with sharp point of a knife when dark green full eye is subjected to the compressing of film in the scion plastic sheeting for farm use, eye can freely be grown, each scion allows a well-grown eye rupture of membranes and goes out.
3) in good time except that sprouting
For making scion growth better, survival rate is higher, and bud and the grafting bud contention nutrition of avoiding growing directly from seeds needs the often bud that grows directly from seeds of removal base portion, guarantees that the grafting budling is well-grown to find and remove the nursery stock of growing directly from seeds simultaneously.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102957620A CN102007854B (en) | 2010-09-28 | 2010-09-28 | Chinese character hu-shaped grafting and final-period management methods for Dalbergia odorifera |
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| CN2010102957620A CN102007854B (en) | 2010-09-28 | 2010-09-28 | Chinese character hu-shaped grafting and final-period management methods for Dalbergia odorifera |
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| CN102007854A true CN102007854A (en) | 2011-04-13 |
| CN102007854B CN102007854B (en) | 2012-07-18 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102550301A (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2012-07-11 | 李荣斌 | Stem-growth grafting method |
| CN103314791A (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2013-09-25 | 中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所 | Grafting method for promoting early fruiting of pterocarpus santalinus |
| CN104119144A (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2014-10-29 | 黄振忠 | Nutritional soil for nutritious cup nursery of parashorea chinensis and preparation method of nutritional soil |
| CN108651037A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-10-16 | 中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所 | This stock grafting method and purposes of cochin yellow wingceltis |
| CN110506522A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2019-11-29 | 河南省林业科学研究院 | A kind of wax plum grafting of tender branch method |
| CN111373941A (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2020-07-07 | 濮阳市林业科学院 | Improved tongue grafting method |
-
2010
- 2010-09-28 CN CN2010102957620A patent/CN102007854B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 《农技服务》 20100430 钟平兴 降香黄檀营养袋育苗及造林技术 第525，531页 1-5 第27卷, 第4期 2 * |
| 《湖南林业科技》 20100430 陈海军等 降香黄檀轻基质网袋容器育苗技术 第59-61页 1-5 第30卷, 第2期 2 * |
| 《现代中药研究与实践》 20070228 蔡岳文等 降香黄檀规范化栽培技术 第14-16页 1-5 第21卷, 第1期 2 * |
| 《福建热作科技》 20090630 曾宏才等 降香黄檀育苗技术 第22-23页 1-5 第34卷, 第2期 2 * |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102550301A (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2012-07-11 | 李荣斌 | Stem-growth grafting method |
| CN103314791A (en) * | 2013-06-19 | 2013-09-25 | 中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所 | Grafting method for promoting early fruiting of pterocarpus santalinus |
| CN104119144A (en) * | 2014-07-23 | 2014-10-29 | 黄振忠 | Nutritional soil for nutritious cup nursery of parashorea chinensis and preparation method of nutritional soil |
| CN108651037A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-10-16 | 中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所 | This stock grafting method and purposes of cochin yellow wingceltis |
| CN110506522A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2019-11-29 | 河南省林业科学研究院 | A kind of wax plum grafting of tender branch method |
| CN111373941A (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2020-07-07 | 濮阳市林业科学院 | Improved tongue grafting method |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102007854B (en) | 2012-07-18 |
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