CN1082981A - 制造自支撑合成饰体的方法和该方法制成的装饰件 - Google Patents
制造自支撑合成饰体的方法和该方法制成的装饰件 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种制造自支撑合成装饰件的方法及制成的装
饰件。按该法,第一步在横面1上制成一层用以获得
聚氨酯表层5的聚氨酯弹胶物,第二步在该聚氨酯表
层5上涂上用以获得聚氨酯泡沫层6的反应混合物,
第三步在该聚氨酯泡沫层6上涂以适当的用以获得
刚性托架8的聚氨酯或聚异氰尿酸酯反应混合物。
这样获得的合成装饰件易于回收,方法也简单易行。
Description
本发明涉及一种制造自支撑合成装饰件,特别是汽车内部件的方法,例如仪表板、门板、操作台以及工具箱等零件的制造方法,这些零件具有弹性聚氨酯表层,刚性合成托架,以及夹在它们之间的基本为含孔的聚氨酯泡沫隔层。
这类方法公开在例如同一申请人的比利时专利申请第8900228号中。它先在模具内表面喷上一层聚氨酯弹性胶物,然后将予制好的插件放入模具,最后在插件和层性层之间的空间填充聚氨酯泡沫。
已知方法的缺点在于插入件,或换言之,刚性托架必须事先在单独的模具中制成。这一插入件还须精确地放入第二个模具中,使得泡沫层无论哪个部位都具有所要求的厚度。特别在这一泡沫层要求薄时,插件的精确定位就更显重要,因为这时泡沫层厚度的微小变化会很快从外侧看出。在薄泡沫层延伸到大面积的情况下,已知方法的另一困难在于在这样在的表面充分均匀地喷涂用以获得这种薄泡沫的反应混合物并非易事。
本发明的目的在于克服上述各种缺点,提供一种制造自支撑合成装饰零件的新方法,并且在这些零件不能使用后还可以简便的方法进行回收。
本发明的特征在于,第一步,将无论事先备好,或是未备好的由聚氨酯弹胶物制成的聚氨酯表层放在模具表面;第二步,在所述聚氨酯表层上喷涂反应混合物,以获得所述聚氨酯泡沫层;以及第三步,在所述聚氨酯泡沫层上供给适当的聚氨酯或聚异氰尿酸酯反应混合物,以获得所述刚性合成托架。
制造具有弹性表层,刚性合成托架和夹在它们之间的泡沫层的装饰件的一种类似方法公开在日本JP-A-2047022中。在该已知方法中,具有聚烯泡沫接层的PVC/ABS表层被放进模具中,再在合模后通过RIM(反应注模法)将刚性托架(在这种情况下为聚氨酯)注塑在泡沫层背面。但是按照该日本发明申请,该方法对具有闭孔聚烯泡沫层的隔层结构来说是适用的,与本发明的聚氨酯泡沫层是不同的。由于这些闭孔泡沫隔层的材料以及其表层材料与上述托架材料有本质区别,用已知方法获得的装饰件难以回收。
而按照本发明,已经发现,当开孔聚氨基甲酸乙酯泡沫隔层喷涂在聚氨酯表层上后,有可能用模型或喷涂方法在该开孔泡沫隔层上结合上刚性聚氨酯托架。由于采用该开孔聚氨酯泡沫结构,有可能获得一种触摸上去有非常接近真皮感的外表面装饰件,而对闭孔隔层结构来说,摸上去却略带充气回弹作用的感觉。此外还注意到,采用喷涂工艺获得具有真皮感的泡沫层,还可阻止构成托架的反应混合物渗入其中,同时获得一种总是良好的粘结。所使用的在聚氨酯表面上喷涂泡沫层技术还可允许按要求从一处到另一处变换这种泡沫层的厚度。
本发明的方法的一个重要优点还在于,所获得的装饰件与现有这类件相比回收要容易得多。事实上,现有装饰件,特别是仪表板,是由各式各样的不同合成材料制成的,以能够满足这些产品所经受的严格质量要求。为使这种合成材料得以回收,要求一个分离期,其中涉及通常遇到的重要技术问题,因此产业上是不可行的。
在本发明的方法的第一个具体实施例中,用以获得合成托架的反应混合物是通过喷涂涂在聚氨酯泡沫层上的,具体地说是供助了一种双组份喷枪。这种方法的优点在于,泡沫层不会变形,因此脱模后聚氨酯表层将保持其形状。
在本发明的方法的另一个具体实施例中,聚氨酯表层和聚氨酯泡沫层涂在模具中,在所述的第三步骤,模具处于合模状态,用以获得合成托架的反应混合物注射进模具中聚氨酯泡沫层上。用这一方法还可获得尺寸稳定的底层,它不要求任何进一步的精整加工。
本发明的方法的一个最佳实施例中,在所述第一步骤生产的聚氨酯表面厚0.3至1.3mm,并且最好厚0.4至1.0mm。通过制造这种薄聚氨酯表层,有可能获得一种装饰件,其可见侧呈现所谓皮革触感,尤其在下面的泡沫层厚1至7mm,特别在厚2至3mm时更明显。
本发明还涉及用上述本发明的方法获得的自支撑合成装饰件,因此这种装饰件是由一弹性聚氨酯表层,一刚性聚氨酯或聚异氰尿酸酯托架和夹在它们之间的一聚氨酯泡沫层构成。
本发明的方法和装饰件的进一步特征和优点通过下述本发明的几个具体实施例的说明将会更清楚。该说明是以举例的方式给出的,并非是对本发明范围的限制。以下所用的代号与附图一致,其中:
图1表示本发明的方法的第一种实施例的各步骤示意图;
图2、3和4示意性给出了本发明方法的第二种实施例的各步骤;
图5与图4类似,但最终步骤有所不同。
各附图中同一代号代表同一元件或类似元件。
本发明总的说来涉及一种制造自支撑合成装饰件的方法,这种装饰件具有弹性聚氨酯表层、刚性合成托架和夹在它们之间的聚氨酯泡沫层。这类装饰件特别适用作汽车内部件,如仪表板、门板、操作以以及工具箱等。
在本发明的方法的一个特殊实施例中,这种装饰件各层都基本由聚氨酯制成,以使所获得的复合制成品易于回收。与之相反,现有装饰件,从材料性质的差异和合成方面的考虑,是由不同材料,如PVC、ABS、PU等构成的复合物,不能或难以同时进行回收。因此已知的装饰件需要予先分离其复合组份,而这是不能或难以实现的。
本发明提供了一种允许上述装饰件可以技术和经济上考虑都是优良的途径制造出来,基本上以聚氨酯为唯一基材。为此,第一步骤是在模具表面上制成一层聚氨酯弹性物,以获得聚氨酯表层,然后,第二步,在该聚氨酯表层上喷涂用以获得开孔聚氨酯泡沫层的反应混合物。最后,第三步,在该聚氨酯泡沫层上施加用以获得刚性合成托架的适当的聚氨基甲酸乙酯或有可能是聚异氰尿酸酯反应混合物。
图1示意地表示出了按本发明的方法的第一实施例。
在两件模具2、3的第一件2的模具表面1上,借助喷枪4喷涂形成装饰件表层5的一个聚氨酯弹胶物层5。这可按照同一申请人的比利时专利申请第8700792号中所述工艺完成。
第二步,借助第二喷枪7,在上述聚氨酯表层5背面,最好在表层5还略带粘性时喷涂用以获得聚氨酯泡沫层6的反应混合物。
然后在第三步,在模具2、3合模后,借助第三轮9将用以获得刚性聚氨酯托架8的一种适当反应混合物注入型腔。
为制成聚氨酯表层5,如图1所示,在第一实施例中,在模具表面1上喷涂一种具有光稳定性的整体着色的聚氨酯反应混合物。这种反应混合物公开在例如由同一申请人在比利时的专利申请第8900067号中。这种光稳定反应混合物以脂族聚异氰酸酯为基本组份。
在一个变换的实施例中,一种光稳定着色聚氨酯涂料,或换言之为一种所谓PU模塑颜料(inmold paint)在第一步骤先涂在模具表面。这种涂料与后来涂于其上的弹性层一起构成聚氨酯层5。在这个实施例中,弹性层可采用芳香族聚氨酯系。
在另一个变换的实施例中,该聚氨酯表层是由热塑聚氨酯(TPU)构成的。该TPU可以芳香族、脂肪族或脂环族异氰酸酯为基本组份制备。可以采用TPU薄膜,先在模具表面热成形。热成形工序可在模具2、3中进行,也可在另一模具中进行。然后再将热成形好的薄膜放入模具2、3。为使该薄膜与模具表面1配合良好,最好将该薄膜吸在模具表面上。该TPU表层还可在TPU粉末的基础上制备,特别是通过所谓末空心模型工艺在加热的旋转模具中制备。获得的TPU表面然后也可放在模具2、3的模面1上。
聚氨酯表面层通常是在模具表面上制成的,该模具表面所具有的纹理使该表面看上去象真皮。贴在这些表层5背面的开孔聚氨酯泡沫隔层6保证所谓软接触。用以获得聚氨酯泡沫层6的反应混合物最好以得到半柔性聚氨酯泡沫的方式合成。在这方面,反应混合物中所谓交联剂的量特别重要。在一个具体实施例中,这一反应混合物中基本上只使用水作为发泡剂,聚异氰酸酯组份是以例如MDI为基本组份。
在一个最佳实施例中,采用了开孔聚氨酯泡沫层6厚为1至7mm,最好为2至3mm。为尽可能接近真皮手感,该泡沫层6是与厚0.3至1.3mm,最好厚0.4至1.0mm的聚氨酯表面层5结合。由于这种薄表层难以从一个模具移到另一模具,它们最好用喷涂工艺,直接在模具2、3中制造。
为了使装饰件的背面或内侧也得到精整,在第一步骤中,还在第二模具了的模面10上涂了一层聚氨酯精整层。
在第一个实施例中,为达到上述目的,采用了例如在该模面10上蒙上予制好的TPU表层。
在另一个实施例中,在模面10上喷涂了一种聚氨酯颜料,然后可以采用、也可不采用弹性聚氨酯层和另一层聚氨酯泡沫层。在后一情况,还可在背面获得皮革状涂层。
不采用上述聚氨酯颜料层与弹性层的结合,当然也可采用光稳定弹性聚氨酯层。
如图1所示,刚性托架8可通过注射适当的反应混合物在模腔中制成。其优点是,装饰件背面也有准确尺寸,以便安装。还可用在弹性表层5和泡沫层6的复合物的背面喷涂用以获得刚性托架8的反应混合物的办法制成。这样,该泡沫层6上基本上没有任何压力作用,泡沫层6的变形也得以避免。避免这种变形,尤其是例如靠模面拐角处的局部变形很重要。事实上,脱模后受压的泡沫层将再膨胀,装饰件表面层将在泡沫层剧烈膨胀,或换言之,泡沫强烈受压的部位发生外部变形。刚性托架可通过用刚性PU系,特别是通过所谓SRIM系制成。
在刚性托架8在模腔中制成的情况下,用以获得该托架的反应混合物最好以这样的方式在模腔中合成和注射:在注射和固化这种反应混合物过程中,在聚氨酯泡沫层6上施加一个低于将该泡沫层压缩25%,最好是低于压缩10%所需的压力。这一压缩量的测定必须是将泡沫层放在平板上的条件下进行的。为减少泡沫层6的压缩,在尽可能多地注射用以获得刚性托架的反应混合物时,采用了25℃时粘度小于3000mPa.S,最好是小于1000mPa.S的反应混合物。反应混合物的各种组份最好升温至20到100℃,具体温度范围可介于45和70℃之间。随着粘度的减少,注射反应混合物所需的压力也较低。
在一个具体的实施例中,用以获得托架的反应混合物基本没有发泡剂,这样在各种组份起反应期间,基本不会产生任何压力。这种反应混合物典型地是由多元醇和聚异氰酸酯组份组成的。多元醇组份所占重量至多到1%,在多水条件下最好到0.1%。
在另一个具体的实施例中,用以获得托架的反应混合物却含有发泡剂,这样,该托架是由刚性聚氨酯泡沫构成的。这种情况下,当使用了封闭模具时,要求精确控制注射的反应混合物总量发泡剂的量,以避免泡沫层过分压缩。
在一个最佳实施例中,托架借助玻璃纤维增强,这样托架的收缩可得到控制,刚性得以提高。玻璃纤维可掺合到用以获得刚性托架的反应混合物中,例如所谓SRIM系中。还可采用玻璃纤维织物,在注射用以获得托架的反应混合物前,将它铺在泡沫层上。最好在泡沫层尚有粘性时铺设该玻璃纤维织物。掺入反应混合物的玻璃纤维织物和玻璃纤维亦可同时采用。
为了说明本发明的方法,下面还给出了本发明的方法的四个实例,特别是有关聚氨酯表层、泡沫层以及刚性托架的化学配方。
实例1
这个实例给出的方法特别适用于制造工具箱盖,其表面积为例如600cm2。这种工具箱盖不含任何下部切槽,因此整个工艺过程仅需使用一套类似图1那样的两件模具。这样模具2,3中的最下面一件2具有一个呈现皮革纹的电镀板。
在准备步骤中,最下面和最上面的两半模2和3用例如Acmosil180SFC(Acmos)或Aquathan 61-360(Block Chemie)之类的脱模剂进行处理。
在下面的模件2上,借助一种双组份喷枪4制成聚氨酯表层5。为制造这一表层5,采用了Colofast
Spray BLS系(商标为Recticel),它可以制成一种整体着色的光稳定微孔弹性表面层。该系的第一组份,即Isofast343OA(Recticel)以3.67g/s的流量喷射,而第二组份,即Polyfast353OA(Recticel)则以6.33g/s的流量喷射。因此总流量为10.0g/s。控制喷射时间6秒。用这样的方法获得的聚氨酯表层厚约1mm。
紧接该反应之后,借助第二双组份喷枪7,在该聚氨酯表面5顶面,喷涂一层约2mm的半柔性开孔聚氨酯泡沫层6,为制成这一泡沫层6,采用了下述水发泡系MDI:
多元醇组份:
Specflex NM 805(Dow) 100
Butanediol 1.4 (Hüls) 3
水 0.9 104.95
Dabco 33Lv (Air Products) 1.0
Fomrez UL28 (Witco) 0.05
异氰酸酯组份:Superasec VM12(I.C.I.)24.12
异氰酸酯指数:60
多元醇组份流量:4.88g/s
异氰酸酯组份流量:1.12g/s
总流量:6.00g/s
经过6秒钟用喷枪7进行的受控喷涂后,获得一薄层半柔性开孔泡沫层,其朝喷枪的一侧呈真皮状,其总厚为±2mm,其所谓总密度为±450gr/L。
通过调整自动装置的程序,该半柔性层的厚度可以各处变换。这一薄层泡沫层提供了弹性“Colofast”表层,一种真皮特有的所谓软触觉。
合模进行第三步作业、即制成刚性托架前,在尚有粘性的刚喷涂的半柔性泡沫层上放上玻璃纤维织物,例如Unifill U816:450gr/m2型。合模后,在形成的型腔中充填双组份刚性PU系8,它由下列成份构成:
多元醇 PU1397(Bayer)流量 9.00gr/s
ISO PU1511(Bayer)流量 9.00gr/s
总流量 18.00gr/s
注射时间 5s
多元醇组份:
温度 45℃
粘度 (45℃时) 340 mPa.S
水含量 0.06
异氰酸酯组份:
温度 45℃
粘度 (45℃时) 65 mPa.S
用这样的方法,制成了一种厚±3mm的刚性托架,它与半柔性泡沫层和表层一起形成一个整体单元。
脱模后,即获得一种尺寸稳定的工具箱盖,这是因为该刚性PU系作用的压力小于半刚性层变形0.2mm时的压缩力。半柔性泡沫层变形(±0.2mm)所需的压力,在80℃时为13KPa。
实例2
这一实例与实例1不同之处仅在于“Colofast”聚氨酯表层被一种所谓聚氨酯模型颜料(inmold paint)膜及其后的双组份芳香微孔弹性系层取代。
该模型颜料在这种情况下为光稳定双组份PU系,特别是ISL Chemie公司的Isotan-I MP-2 K-Klarlack ME170。
某些模型颜料,例如MC.Pherson Industrial Coatings公司的Rimbond200具有自脱模特性,这样最下面的模件2上的脱模剂可以减少或不用。该模型颜料膜的厚度为±0.2μ。
溶剂经过30秒左右蒸发后,借助一种双组份喷枪喷涂第二层,即一种PU弹胶物。这一无溶剂弹性系由下列成份构成:
1、多元醇组份
聚醚三醇:以甘油为起始剂的环氧丙烷、环氧乙烷缩聚物-IOH指数28-
伯OH基团含量85% 90
Dabco 33 LV (Air Products) 2.25
Butanediol (Hüls) 7.9
颜料 5
105.15
25℃时粘度 1060 mPa.S
45℃时粘度 320 mPa.S
2、异氰酸酯组份
异氰酸酯 RMA 200 (Dow) 43.5
25℃时粘度 620 mPa.S
45℃时粘度 126 mPa.S
该系物以芳香异氰酸酯为基本组份,因此不是光稳定或着色的。所缺少的这些特性可通过上述使用PU模型颜料获得。用这样的办法也就获得了一种光稳定的100%着色的PU表层。
实例3
在这一实例中,借助一种具有底部切槽(见图2、3和4)的模具制造仪表盘。
上述作业后,立即用双组份喷枪7在该表层5上(见图3)喷涂一层±3mm厚,如实例1中那样的具有同一水发泡剂MDI的半柔性泡沫层6。如图3所示模具中的底部切槽14也用该半柔性泡沫填充,以便后来能脱模出刚性型芯。脱模后,这一柔性配合物移至设有必要的滑模12(见图4)的第二模具2,3中。在该表层-泡沫配合物定位后,合上最上部的模件3。这样形成的型腔13,用低粘度双组份刚性PU系填充,它由下列具体成份构成:
多元醇 Daltocast 4 (ICI) 100份
异氰酸酯 ISO Suprasec DNC(ICI) 136份
多元醇温度 95℃ 粘度 20 mPa.S
异氰酸酯温度 45℃ 粘度 65 mPa.S
多元醇的水含量 0.05%
合模前型腔13可用或不用玻璃纤维织物填充。5分钟后,该组合物经过脱模,从而获得一种刚性PU托架、光稳定表层和夹在它们之间的软接触层构成的仪表盘。
实例4
这一实例与实例3不同之处在于用以获得托架的非发泡刚性聚氨酯系被一种具有低密度和良好流动性的发泡刚性绝缘系,特别是用玻璃纤维增强的BaydurSTR/F/系所取代。所用的PU系由下列成份构成:
多元醇 PU 0768C (Bayer) 100份
异氰酸酯 44V 10F (Bayer) 170份
模腔13中的这种PU系基本自由出现后,便获得一种单位重量(范围)约60kg/m3的刚性泡沫。在这种较轻的刚性泡沫系情况下,为获得足够的刚性,模腔须较实例3厚,如图5所示。
实例5
这一实例涉及一种特别适于制造门板的方法,它仅在一侧具有装饰性聚氨酯表层。这一方法允许在没有底部切槽的一对一件模具中制成自支撑门板,在具有装饰性聚氨酯表层5和刚性聚氨酯托架8间夹有一层软接触层6。
为此,采用了例如类似图1所示模具2、3中最下面一半模具2那样的模具。因此在这一实例中,该模具仅限为一开口电镀板,它与门板的可见侧对应。
在该电镀板上用与实例1相同的方法,借助喷枪4和7顺序喷涂聚氨酯表层5和泡沫层6。然后立即用双组份喷涂系统制成刚性聚氨酯托架,而不用灌注系统。
具体地说,采用了Elastogran的下述“弹性涂料”系:
多元醇组份弹性涂料 C6815/65 100份
异氰酸酯组份弹性涂料 C6815/65 71份
25℃时粘度:多元醇组份 1650±100mPa.S
异氰酸酯组份 600±50mPa.S
两种组份所用的温度皆为45至60℃。在该温度下的反应时间为3±2Sec.。为获得快速反应性能起见,必须使用高压喷枪。其总流量为±30gr/Sec.,这样对一个面积为2000cm2,厚±3mm的涂层而言,所需喷涂时间为±20秒。所获得的刚性PU托架具有的弯曲模具为±600N/mm2,按DIN58457。由于该系中没有加入任何发泡剂,所获得的是一种准无孔材料,其密度在0.95和1.05gr/cm3之间。通过采用玻璃纤维增强剂,其弯曲模量可以提高。
在此方法的一种变型中,该准无孔刚性PU托架可被一种本身被认为是绝缘材料的膨胀PU刚性泡沫喷涂系物取代。从这种低密度泡沫(±40gr/dm3)考虑,该PU刚性泡沫托架在这种情况下会占较大体积(厚度),以获得同样刚性。
很明显,本发明不受上述实施例限制,其他许多变型都可认为是在本发明的范围之内,其中包括表层、泡沫层和刚性托架的种类,以及涂敷表层和泡沫层,注射刚性托架的技术。
Claims (18)
1、一种制造自支撑合成装饰件的方法,特别是汽车内部件,例如仪表板、门板、操作台以及工具箱等的制造方法,这些零件具有一弹性聚氨酯表层(5),一刚性合成托架(8)和夹在它们之间的基本为含孔的聚氨酯泡沫隔层(6),其特征在于,第一步,将事先备好、或是未备好的向聚氨酯弹胶物构成的聚氨酯表层(5)施放在模具表面(1);第二步,在所述聚氨酯表层(5)上喷涂用以获得所述聚氨酯泡沫层(6)的一种反应混合物;以及第三步,在所述聚氨酯泡沫层(6)上施加一种适当的,用以获得所述刚性合成托架(8)的聚氨酯或聚异氰尿酸酯的反应混合物。
2、按照权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于用以获得所述合成托架(8)的反应混合物,是通过喷涂施加在该聚氨酯泡沫层(6)上的,特别是借助一个双组份喷枪喷涂的。
3、按照权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,聚氨酯表层(5)和聚氨酯泡沫层(6)被施放在一个模具(2,3)中,并且在所述第三步中,该模具合模后,将用以获得合成托架(8)的反应混合物注射在模具内聚氨酯泡沫层(6)上。
4、按照权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于用以获得所述合成托架(8)的反应混合物以这样的方式合成和施放进该模具(2,3):在施放和固化该反应混合物期间,向聚氨酯泡沫层(6)上施加一压力,它小于该聚氨酯泡沫层压缩25%所需的压力,最好小于该聚氨酯泡沫层压缩10%所需的压力。
5、按照权利要求3或4的一种方法,其特征在于,用以获得所述合成托架(8)的反应混合物在加入模具时,其粘度在25℃时低于3000mPa.S,最好低于1000mPa.S。
6、按照权利要求3至5中任一种的方法,其特征在于用以获得所述合成托架(8)的反应混合物由多元醇组份和聚异氰酸酯组份构成,并且基本上不含发泡剂,在多水条件下,多元醇组份的重量至多到1%,最好到0.1%。
7、按照权利要求3至6中任一种方法,其特征在于,采用的模具(2,3)在合模状态至少包括两个相对的模面(1,10),在该两个模面施加有一个聚氨酯表面(5)和一个聚氨酯泡沫层(6),并在两泡沫层间施加用以获得合成托架(8)的反应混合物。
8、按照权利要求1至7中任一种的方法,其特征在于,托架(8)是由玻璃纤维增强的。
9、按照权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于,施加用以获得的合成托架(8)的反应混合物之前,在聚氨酯泡沫层(6)上铺有一玻璃纤维织物。
10、按照权利要求8或9的一种方法,其特征在于,玻璃纤维被掺入用以获得合成托架(8)的反应混合物中。
11、按照权利要求1至10中任一种方法,其特征在于,聚氨酯表面层(5)是由一种热塑聚氨酯(TPU)制成。
12、按照权利要求1至10中任一种方法,其特征在于,在第一步,为制成所述聚氨酯表层(5),在所述模面(1)上喷涂了一种光稳定整体着色聚氨酯反应混合物。
13、按照权利要求1至10中任一种方法,其特征在于,在第一步中,为制成所述聚氨酯表层(5),在模面(1)上涂了一种光稳定着色聚氨酯颜料,即所谓“PU模塑(inmold)颜料”,并且随后在该颜料上喷涂聚氨酯反应混合物。
14、按照权利要求1至13中任一种方法,其特征在于,在所述第一步,制成的聚氨酯表层(5)厚度为0.3至1.3mm,最好为0.4至1.0mm。
15、按照权利要求1至14中任一种方法,其特征在于,在所述第二步,制成的聚氨酯泡沫层(6)厚度为1至7mm,最好为2至3mm。
16、按照权利要求1至15中任一种方法,其特征在于,用以获得聚氨酯泡沫层(6)的反应混合物合成为一种半柔性泡沫层。
17、按照权利要求16的方法,其特征在于,在用以获得聚氨酯泡沫层(6)的反应混合物中采用了发泡剂,它基本上是单一的水。
18、一种自支撑合成装饰件,特别是利用按权利要求1至17中任一种方法获得的装饰件,其特征为,它由一弹性聚氨酯表层(5),一刚性聚氨酯或聚异氰尿酸酯托架(8)和夹在它们之间的一聚氨酯泡沫层(6)组成。
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CN93107083A Pending CN1082981A (zh) | 1992-05-18 | 1993-05-17 | 制造自支撑合成饰体的方法和该方法制成的装饰件 |
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EP (1) | EP0642411B1 (zh) |
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US10882259B2 (en) | 2017-06-01 | 2021-01-05 | Thermo King Corporation | Manufacturing method for an aesthetic structural part |
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FR3108551B1 (fr) * | 2020-03-31 | 2022-04-08 | Faurecia Sieges Dautomobile | Procédé de réalisation d’un élément de support de siège |
DE102020208069A1 (de) | 2020-06-30 | 2021-12-30 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Membrantopfs |
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-
1992
- 1992-05-18 BE BE9200455A patent/BE1005821A3/nl not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1993
- 1993-05-17 CN CN93107083A patent/CN1082981A/zh active Pending
- 1993-05-18 WO PCT/BE1993/000026 patent/WO1993023237A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1993-05-18 MX MX9302896A patent/MX9302896A/es unknown
- 1993-05-18 ES ES93909701T patent/ES2111158T3/es not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-05-18 BR BR9306374A patent/BR9306374A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1993-05-18 KR KR1019940704097A patent/KR100278262B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-05-18 AU AU40548/93A patent/AU675219B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1993-05-18 RU RU94046223A patent/RU2113349C1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-05-18 JP JP51972393A patent/JP3432225B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-05-18 DE DE69315693T patent/DE69315693T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-05-18 CA CA002134781A patent/CA2134781C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-05-18 CZ CZ19942823A patent/CZ291978B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-05-18 PL PL93306142A patent/PL172033B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-05-18 EP EP93909701A patent/EP0642411B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-05-18 AT AT93909701T patent/ATE160971T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-05-18 HU HU9403280A patent/HUT71501A/hu unknown
- 1993-05-19 US US08/338,463 patent/US5662996A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1994
- 1994-09-14 EE EE9400171A patent/EE9400171A/xx unknown
- 1994-11-17 NO NO944403A patent/NO944403L/no unknown
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104129024A (zh) * | 2013-04-30 | 2014-11-05 | 维乐工业股份有限公司 | 自行车座垫的制法 |
CN104816423A (zh) * | 2015-04-14 | 2015-08-05 | 长春富维—江森自控汽车饰件系统有限公司 | 一种汽车仪表板的形成方法 |
CN113478720A (zh) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-10-08 | 汤水霞 | 一种可消除气泡的ar设备用护膝成型装置 |
CN113478720B (zh) * | 2021-06-04 | 2024-05-03 | 南京鸣腾信息技术有限公司 | 一种可消除气泡的ar设备用护膝成型装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO944403D0 (no) | 1994-11-17 |
EE9400171A (et) | 1996-02-15 |
KR950701574A (ko) | 1995-04-28 |
MX9302896A (es) | 1994-02-28 |
RU2113349C1 (ru) | 1998-06-20 |
CA2134781C (en) | 1999-10-05 |
JP3432225B2 (ja) | 2003-08-04 |
ATE160971T1 (de) | 1997-12-15 |
CA2134781A1 (en) | 1993-11-25 |
EP0642411B1 (en) | 1997-12-10 |
JPH07508939A (ja) | 1995-10-05 |
PL172033B1 (pl) | 1997-07-31 |
HUT71501A (en) | 1995-12-28 |
ES2111158T3 (es) | 1998-03-01 |
BE1005821A3 (nl) | 1994-02-08 |
KR100278262B1 (ko) | 2001-01-15 |
CZ282394A3 (en) | 1995-07-12 |
BR9306374A (pt) | 1998-09-01 |
NO944403L (no) | 1994-11-23 |
EP0642411A1 (en) | 1995-03-15 |
WO1993023237A1 (en) | 1993-11-25 |
DE69315693D1 (de) | 1998-01-22 |
HU9403280D0 (en) | 1995-02-28 |
AU4054893A (en) | 1993-12-13 |
CZ291978B6 (cs) | 2003-06-18 |
AU675219B2 (en) | 1997-01-30 |
US5662996A (en) | 1997-09-02 |
DE69315693T2 (de) | 1998-04-02 |
RU94046223A (ru) | 1996-09-20 |
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