CN108074535A - 用于电致发光显示器的电流补偿方法与元件 - Google Patents

用于电致发光显示器的电流补偿方法与元件 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108074535A
CN108074535A CN201711121234.1A CN201711121234A CN108074535A CN 108074535 A CN108074535 A CN 108074535A CN 201711121234 A CN201711121234 A CN 201711121234A CN 108074535 A CN108074535 A CN 108074535A
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China
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display
image data
pixel unit
compensation method
current
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Inventor
严逸纬
严进嵘
赖彦任
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King Creation Au Optronics Co
INT Tech Co Ltd
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King Creation Au Optronics Co
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Publication of CN108074535A publication Critical patent/CN108074535A/zh
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    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
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    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
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Abstract

本公开涉及一种用于电致发光(EL)显示器的电流补偿方法。该电流补偿方法包含测量一像素单元的一光强度，若所测量的光强度超过一预定阈值则将一像素单元辨识为需要补偿，判定一补偿电流的大小，以及提供一影像数据至该辨识的像素单元，其中该影像数据是对应于该补偿电流的大小。

Description

用于电致发光显示器的电流补偿方法与元件
技术领域
本公开涉及一种用于电致发光显示器的电流补偿方法与元件
背景技术
主动阵列有机发光二极管(active matrix organic light emitting diode，AMOLED)显示器中，每一像素单元包含储存数据的电容器，因而像素单元可维持在照明状态。此驱动机制适合发展大尺寸、高分辨率显示器。因此，AMOLED在先进显示器(例如可挠式显示器)的研究与发展中变得越来越重要。对于OLED元件，其发光决定于流经OLED元件的电流强度，而OLED元件的电流强度决定于OLED元件的阈值电压Vth。对于包括多个OLED元件的显示器，不同的OLED元件之间的电流强度可因Vth的差异而不同，造成跨越像素单元的不均匀发光。阈值差异可能是由制造参数或元件老化而造成。
发明内容
本公开的实施例提供一种电致发光(EL)显示器的电流补偿方法。该电流补偿方法包含测量一像素单元的一光强度；若该光强度超过一预定阈值，则将该像素单元辨识为需要补偿；判定一补偿电流的大小；以及提供一影像数据至该像素单元，其中该影像数据是对应于该补偿电流的大小。
在一实施例中，该电流补偿方法另包含在测量该像素单元的该光强度之前，提供一预定灰阶的一影像数据至欲测量的该像素单元。
在另一实施例中，该像素单元的辨识另包括比较所测量的该光强度与该预定灰阶。
在另一实施例中，判定一补偿电流的大小另包含计算所测量的该光强度与该预定灰阶之间的差；以及将该差转换为该补偿电流的大小。
在另一实施例中，该电流补偿方法另包含判定需要补偿的该像素单元的位置。
在另一实施例中，该像素单元是由一栅极驱动器集成电路(integrated circuit，IC)与一源极驱动器IC驱动，该电流补偿方法另包含将该像素单元的该位置的信息提供至该栅极驱动器IC；以及将该补偿电流的大小的信息提供至该源极驱动器IC。
本公开的一些实施例提供一种电流补偿方法。该电流补偿方法包含获得一移动装置的一显示器的实时云纹(mura)影像数据，将该实时云纹影像数据储存于该移动装置的一存储器中；以及基于该实时云纹影像数据而判定需要补偿的像素。
在一实施例中，获得一移动装置的一显示器的实时云纹(mura)影像数据包含拍摄该移动装置的该显示器显示的一影像的一照片。
在另一实施例中，该电流补偿方法另包含将该存储器中的一原始云纹影像数据更新为该实时云纹影像数据。
在另一实施例中，该原始云纹影像数据是于制造该移动装置时储存于该存储器中。
在另一实施例中，该原始云纹影像数据包含先前储存的云纹影像数据。
在另一实施例中，该存储器包含一快闪IC。
本公开的一些实施例提供一种电致发光(EL)显示器。该显示器包含一基板、位于该基板上方的一EL元件层、以及位于该基板上方的一光学感测层。该EL元件层包含一些EL元件。该光学感测层包含配置于一第一方向的多个第一感测器以及配置于一第二方向的多个第二感测器，所述第一感测器与所述第二感测器于交叉点彼此交叉。该光学感测层是经配置以通过检测每一个交叉点的来自一参考点的阻抗(impedance)而辨识该EL元件层的待补偿的一区域。
在一实施例中，该基板包含低温多晶硅(low temperature polysilicon，LTPS)基板与铟镓锌氧化物(indium gallium zinc oxide，IGZO)基板其中之一。
在另一实施例中，该EL元件包含有机发光二极管(organic light emittingdiode，OLED)、微LED(micro LED)与量子点LED(quantum dot LED，QLED)其中之一。
在另一实施例中，该光学感测层与该基板具有相同尺寸。
在另一实施例中，该光学感测层是由一相对高透明材料制成。
在另一实施例中，该EL显示器另包含一测量模块，经配置以测量一EL元件的一光强度。此外，该EL显示器包含一分析模块，经配置为若所测量的该光强度超过一预定阈值则将一EL元件辨识为需要补偿。再者，该EL显示器包含一计算模块，经配置以判定该辨识的EL元件之一补偿电流的大小。
附图说明
为协助读者达到最佳理解效果，建议在阅读本公开时同时参考附件图示及其详细文字叙述说明。请注意为遵循业界标准作法，本专利说明书中的附图不一定按照正确的比例绘制。在某些附图中，尺寸可能刻意放大或缩小，以协助读者清楚了解其中的讨论内容。
图1为流程图，例示本公开实施例的用于电致发光(EL)显示器中的电流补偿方法。
图2为方框图，例示本公开实施例的包括电流补偿元件的系统。
图3为剖面图，例示本公开实施例的EL显示器。
图4为示意图，例示本公开实施例图3所示的EL显示器中的光学感测层的功能。
图5A与图5B为示意图，例示本公开实施例图3所示的EL显示器中的光学感测层。
图6A为示意图，例示本公开实施例的获得云纹(mura)实时影像数据的系统。
图6B为方块示意图，例示本公开实施例的更新云纹影像数据的方法。
图7为流程图，例示本公开实施例的用于电致发光(EL)显示器的电流补偿方法。
附图标记说明：
20 系统
21 电流补偿元件
26 显示器
30 EL显示器
31 基板
32 EL元件层
33 光学感测层
51 第一感测器
52 第二感测器
60 系统
61 照相机
62 实时云纹影像数据
64 处理器
66 驱动器IC
67 移动装置
68 存储器
210 控制器
212 测量模块
215 分析模块
217 存储器
218 计算模块
260 像素单元矩阵
264 驱动器IC
320 区域
680 原始云纹影像数据
具体实施方式
本公开提供了数个不同的实施方法或实施例，可用于实现本发明的不同特征。为简化说明起见，本公开也同时描述了特定零组件与布置的范例。请注意提供这些特定范例的目的仅在于示范，而非予以任何限制。举例而言，在以下说明第一特征如何在第二特征上或上方的叙述中，可能会包括某些实施例，其中第一特征与第二特征为直接接触，而叙述中也可能包括其他不同实施例，其中第一特征与第二特征中间另有其他特征，以致于第一特征与第二特征并不直接接触。此外，本公开中的各种范例可能使用重复的参考数字和/或文字注记，以使文件更加简单化和明确，这些重复的参考数字与注记不代表不同的实施例与/或配置之间的关联性。
再者，应理解当称元件「连接至」或「耦合至」另一元件时，其可直接连接或耦合至另一元件，或是可有其他中间元件存在。
图1为流程图，例示本公开实施例的用于电致发光(EL)显示器的电流补偿方法。
参阅图1，在操作11中，测量显示器中的每一个像素单元的光强度。显示器可包含电致发光(EL)显示器，例如主动阵列有机发光二极管(active matrix organic lightemitting diode，AMOLED)显示器。再者，显示器可包含像素单元、栅极驱动器集成电路(integrated circuit，IC)与源极驱动器IC。像素单元经配置为NxM矩阵。栅极驱动器IC选择N列像素单元中的一或多列的像素单元，而源极驱动器提供像素数据至M行像素单元中的所选择的像素单元。各个像素单元包含EL元件。EL元件可包含例如电流驱动的元件，其可另包含有机发光二极管(organic light emitting diode，OLED)、微LED或量子点LED(quantum dot LED，QLED)。
像素单元的光强度为流经像素单元的EL元件的电流的函数。再者，由于EL元件的Vth的变异，不同的像素单元具有不同的强度。在一实施例中，为了测量强度，自源极驱动器IC提供预定灰阶的影像数据至像素单元。
接着，在操作12中，基于每一个像素单元中所测量的光强度，判定跨越像素单元的阵列的电流分布是否均匀。在一实施例中，若像素单元的所测量的强度相较于预定灰阶为超过预定阈值，则像素单元被辨识为需要电流补偿的像素单元。
若在操作12中判定电流分布为均匀，则在操作13中，更新云纹(mura)的状态。通常，云纹效应(Mura effect)是指像素i单元的不完美照明造成的不均匀显示表面。云纹效应可能看起来更亮或较暗，饱和度较低，对比度较差，或者来自一般显示器呈现的偏离区域、点或像素。
因此，若操作12中电流分布不均匀，则在操作14中，判定操作12所辨识的像素的位置。
在操作15中，判定值得注意的像素单元(亦即操作12中所辨识的像素单元)的补偿电流大小。在一实施例中，计算所测量的强度与预定灰阶之间的偏移(offset)以判定补偿的量。而后，将补偿的量转换为对应于补偿电流的大小的影像数据。
在操作16中，将值得注意的像素单元的补偿电流大小的信息提供至源极驱动器IC。此外，在操作17中，将值得注意的像素单元的位置的信息提供至栅极驱动器IC。
接着，在操作18中，基于该影像数据，补偿值得注意的像素单元。
图2为方框图，例示本公开实施例的包括电流补偿元件21的系统20。
参阅图2，系统20包含显示器26与元件21。显示器26(其可为EL显示器)包含像素单元矩阵260与驱动器IC 264。经配置用以补偿显示器26的不均匀电流分布的元件21是包含控制器210、测量模块212、分析模块215、计算模块218与存储器217。
在控制器210控制下的测量模块212是测量像素单元阵列260的光强度。在操作中，控制器210命令驱动器IC 264提供预定灰阶的影像数据至像素单元阵列260，以利于测量模块212的测量。预定灰阶的值可储存于存储器217中。
响应测量结果，分析模块215通过例如比较所测量强度与预定灰阶而判定像素单元是否需要被补偿。若此像素单元经辨识，则所辨识的像素单元的位置是储存于存储器217中。
计算模块218基于所测量强度与预定灰阶之间的差异而判定补偿的量，而后将补偿的量转换为对应于补偿电流大小的影像数据。
控制器210基于经辨识的像素单元的位置与补偿电流大小的信息而命令驱动器IC提供影像数据至该位置的像素单元。
在一些实施例中，元件21可合并于显示器26中，如图3至图5所示。
图3为剖面图，例示本公开实施例的EL显示器30。
参阅图3，EL显示器30包含基板31、EL元件层32以及光学感测层33。基板31可包含低温多晶硅(low temperature polysilicon，LTPS)基板或铟镓锌氧化物(indium galliumzinc oxide，IGZO)基板。位于基板31与光学感测层33之间的EL元件层32是包含EL元件，其包含OLED、微LED、或量子点LED(QLED)。光学感测层33经配置以检测EL元件层32中是否发生不均匀照明，例如Mura效应，以及若有，则判定EL元件层32中值得注意的区域。在一实施例中，光学感测器33整合至EL显示器30的触控面板(未示出的)中。
图4为示意图，例示本公开实施例图3所示的EL显示器30中的光学感测层33的功能。
参阅图4，EL元件层32中的区域320被检测为不均匀照明区域(虚线箭号所示)的区域。为了检测不均匀照明区域，对于EL显示器30中的像素单元提供预定灰阶值。光学感测层33中的感测器检测是否有值得注意的区域，若有，则将该值得注意的区域的位置与光强度的光学差异报告至控制器。该区域可以和单一像素单元一样小，或是和整个像素单元阵列一样大。接着，转换器将光学差异转换为影像数据。控制器基于该影像数据而命令驱动器IC调整值得注意的该区域。补偿方法与元件类似于图1与图2所示与所述的补偿方法与元件，因而不再说明。
图5A与图5B为示意图，例示本公开实施例图3所示的EL显示器30中的光学感测层33。
参阅图5A，光学感测层33包含第一感测器51与第二感测器52。第一感测器51延伸于第一方向，而第二感测器52延伸于第二方向，第二方向实质垂直于第一方向。因此，第一感测器51与第二感测器52在交叉点处彼此交叉。在一实施例中，光学感测层33与EL显示器30的触控面板具有实质相同的尺寸。再者，光学感测层33是由相对高透明材料制成以避免触控面板的光学损失。光学感测层33中的第一感测器51与第二感测器52检测来自参考点的每个交叉点的电阻。EL显示器30的使用者可预定参考点。交叉点的电阻和交叉点与参考点之间的距离存在线性关系。然而，对于非均匀照明区域，例如图5B所示的区域320，可能没有这样的线性关系存在。据此，当EL元件层32发光时，检测到非均匀照明区域。将值得注意的区域的位置与对应于光学差异量的影像数据传送至驱动器IC，以补偿值得注意的该区域。
图5B说明通过非均匀照明区域而获得云纹(mura)影像数据的方法。在其他的实施例中，如图6A与图6B所示，可通过拍摄显示元件显示的影像而实时获得云纹的影像数据。
图6A为示意图，例示本公开实施例的实时获得云纹影像数据的系统60。
参阅图6A，系统60包含照相机61与移动装置67。可包含单眼相机、数字相机或手机相机的照相机61是经配置以获得移动装置67的云纹的影像数据。市售的照相机具有约1.2百万像素或更高的分辨率，足以支援系统60。在操作中，移动装置67通电以供照相机61拍摄移动装置67显示的影像的照片。系统60减轻来自环境光的光学干扰，并且便于调整x、y与z坐标，以确保云纹影像数据的品质。
图6B为方块示意图，例示本公开实施例的更新云纹的影像数据的方法。
参阅图6B，将照相机61获得的实时云纹影像数据62传送至移动装置67。在本实施例中，移动装置67的主板上的处理器64接收实时云纹影像数据62，并且判定移动装置67的显示器中的非均匀照明区域(若有)。而后，将实时云纹影像62经由驱动器IC 66储存于存储器68(例如快闪IC)中，并且可更新存储器68中的原始云纹影像数据680。在一实施例中，原始云纹影像数据680是指制造商于制造移动装置67时已储存于存储器68中的数据。在另一实施例中，原始云纹影像数据680是指先前储存的实时云纹影像数据。当移动装置67已经使用了一段时间时，原始云纹影像数据680(特别是由制造商储存的原始云纹影像数据)可能无法反映云纹的当前状态。因此，云纹的当前状态可能显著不同于原始储存的状态。通过更新的云纹影像数据，可对于非均匀照明区域中的像素进行更精准的补偿。
图7为流程图，例示本公开实施例的用于电致发光(EL)显示器的电流补偿方法。
参阅图7，该方法类似于图1所示的方法，差别在于操作71、72与73。在操作71中，获得移动装置的实时云纹影像数据。接着，在操作72中，将实时云纹影像数据储存于移动装置的存储器中，并且更新原始云纹影像数据。接着，在操作73中，判定电流分布是否均匀。在上述操作中，还比较了实时云纹影像数据与原始云纹影像数据，并且从比较结果得知在实时云纹影像数据中分布在照明区域的像素单元的光强度大小是否发生改变，也就是通过比较结果测量一像素单元的一光强度，以判定电流分布是否均匀。若是，则当需要时，重复操作71与72。若否，则可进行如图1所示与前述的操作14至18的补偿程序。
前述内容概述一些实施方式的特征，因而熟知此技艺的人士可更加理解本公开的各方面。熟知此技艺的人士应理解可轻易使用本公开作为基础，用于设计或修饰其他制程与结构而实现与本申请案所述的实施例具有相同目的与/或达到相同优点。熟知此技艺的人士亦应理解此均等架构并不脱离本公开公开内容的构思与范围，并且熟知此技艺的人士可进行各种变化、取代与替换，而不脱离本公开的构思与范围。

Claims (20)

1.一种电致发光EL显示器的电流补偿方法，包括：
测量一像素单元的一光强度；
若该光强度超过一预定阈值，则将该像素单元辨识为需要补偿；
判定一补偿电流的大小；以及
提供一影像数据至该像素单元，其中该影像数据对应于该补偿电流的大小。
2.如权利要求1所述的电流补偿方法，另包括：
在测量该像素单元的该光强度之前，提供一预定灰阶的一影像数据至欲测量的该像素单元。
3.如权利要求2所述的电流补偿方法，其中该像素单元的辨识另包括：
比较所测量的该光强度与该预定灰阶。
4.如权利要求2所述的电流补偿方法，其中判定一补偿电流的大小另包括：
计算所测量的该光强度与该预定灰阶之间的差；以及
将该差转换为该补偿电流的大小。
5.如权利要求1所述的电流补偿方法，另包括：
判定需要补偿的该像素单元的位置。
6.如权利要求5所述的电流补偿方法，其中该像素单元是由一栅极驱动器集成电路IC与一源极驱动器IC驱动，另包括：
将该像素单元的该位置的信息提供至该栅极驱动器IC；以及
将该补偿电流的大小的信息提供至该源极驱动器IC。
7.一种电流补偿方法，包括：
获得一移动装置的一显示器的实时云纹影像数据；
将该实时云纹影像数据储存于该移动装置的一存储器中；以及
基于该实时云纹影像数据而判定需要补偿的像素。
8.如权利要求7所述的电流补偿方法，其中获得一移动装置的一显示器的实时云纹影像数据包括：
拍摄该移动装置的该显示器显示的一影像的一照片。
9.如权利要求7所述的电流补偿方法，另包括：
将该存储器中的一原始云纹影像数据更新为该实时云纹影像数据。
10.如权利要求9所述的电流补偿方法，其中该原始云纹影像数据是于制造该移动装置时储存于该存储器中。
11.如权利要求9所述的电流补偿方法，其中该原始云纹影像数据包含先前储存的云纹影像数据。
12.如权利要求7所述的电流补偿方法，其中该存储器包含一快闪IC。
13.一种电致发光EL显示器，包括：
一基板；
一EL元件层，位于该基板上方，该EL元件层包含一些EL元件；以及
一光学感测层，位于该基板上方，该光学感测层包含配置于一第一方向的多个第一感测器以及配置于一第二方向的多个第二感测器，所述多个第一感测器与所述多个第二感测器于交叉点彼此交叉，
其中该光学感测层是经配置以通过检测每一个交叉点的来自一参考点的阻抗而辨识该EL元件层的待补偿的一区域。
14.如权利要求13所述的EL显示器，其中该基板包含低温多晶硅LTPS基板与铟镓锌氧化物IGZO基板其中之一。
15.如权利要求13所述的EL显示器，其中该EL元件包含有机发光二极管OLED、微LED与量子点LED其中之一。
16.如权利要求13所述的EL显示器，其中该光学感测层与该基板具有相同尺寸。
17.如权利要求13所述的EL显示器，其中该光学感测层是由一相对高透明材料制成。
18.如权利要求13所述的EL显示器，另包括一测量模块，经配置以测量一EL元件的一光强度。
19.如权利要求18所述的EL显示器，另包括一分析模块，经配置为若所测量的该光强度超过一预定阈值则将一EL元件辨识为需要补偿。
20.如权利要求19所述的EL显示器，另包括一计算模块，经配置以判定该辨识的EL元件的一补偿电流的大小。
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