CN107047411A - A kind of method of cray rice field ecology cultivation - Google Patents
A kind of method of cray rice field ecology cultivation Download PDFInfo
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- CN107047411A CN107047411A CN201710337099.8A CN201710337099A CN107047411A CN 107047411 A CN107047411 A CN 107047411A CN 201710337099 A CN201710337099 A CN 201710337099A CN 107047411 A CN107047411 A CN 107047411A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G33/00—Cultivation of seaweed or algae
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C3/00—Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and in particular to a kind of method of cray rice field ecology cultivation.The present invention is after rice harvesting, excavate groined type field ditch, and anti-escape network and oxygen increasing equipment are set in rice field surrounding, obtain cray cultivation ground, and apply lime disinfection, water temperature is measured after plantation waterweed and delivers close shrimp, mixed fodder is fed into field ditch daily, cultivate after a period of time, farm manure is applied into field ditch and fresh plant is planted, listed in time after cray grows up, finally larva of crayfish is delivered after paddy rice is transplanted seedlings, and deliver mixed fodder, to completely it be fished for into shrimp before rice harvesting, the cray do not fished for gives over to seed shrimp in pond, allow its natural propagation, so circulate the process for plantation cultivation of rotating, ecological cultivation method provided by the present invention can a field it is dual-purpose, improve income, simultaneously without using man-made feeds and medicine, improve the nutritional ingredient of cray, and do not result in the environmental pollution of breeding water body.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and in particular to a kind of method of cray rice field ecology cultivation.
Background technology
At present, the lower three kinds of forms of main method of cray cultivation：1st, deliver seed shrimp form, 2, deliver shrimp with ovums form,
3, put in a suitable place to breed and educate shrimp form.The first form of putting in a suitable place to breed is to gather in or so preceding January in 7~August rice to put seed shrimp in a suitable place to breed, and this period is not only
In the positive busy season located high temperature and be again paddy rice uses agricultural chemicals, it is easily caused the decline of lobster survival rate, and the young lobster life that ovum goes out
Long speed slows down time lengthening.Second of form is to deliver shrimp with ovums after semilate rice harvesting in 9~October, growth period of juvenile prawn compared with
It is short, it is possible to extend to ability list marketing after May in the coming year from time reckoning, and also the high product shrimp quantity sold does not reach Gao Pin
Shrimp specification requirement.The third form is to put juvenile prawn after kind of rice harvests in a suitable place to breed, but the juvenile prawn quantity that can be purchased is few, and purchasing price
Higher, production cost synchronously increases therewith, again results in the benefit reduction of cultivation, it is not intended in cause in breeding process pernicious follow
Ring.
Current paddy field aquaculture method and pattern are improper, and the smaller, color and luster of cray generally existing individual of output is poor and disease
Evil is more so that the survival rate of cray is affected with Paddy Output, it is impossible to ensure that raiser obtains corresponding economic effect
Benefit.Further, since the feed that many feedings of cray of paddy field aquaculture are manually compounded at present, the cray mouthfeel of generation and nutrition
Difference, does not reach the nutrition of natural cray.Therefore it provides one kind makes cray growth fast, and the normal production of paddy rice is not influenceed
Cultural method have important practical significance.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention：Method and pattern for current paddy field aquaculture cray is improper so that
The survival rate of cray is affected with Paddy Output, and the mouthfeel of cray is poor with nutrition, does not reach natural cray battalion
There is provided a kind of method that cray rice field ecology is cultivated for foster defect.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention uses technical scheme as described below：
（1）After after rice harvesting, selection is had abundant water resources, irrigation and drainage are convenient, the paddy soil that soil property is fertile, water-retaining property is strong, in ridge
Ditched at 2.0~2.2m of internal layer, the field ditch for the font that digs a well, the width of field ditch is 1.0~1.2m, and depth is 0.7~0.8m, per ditch
At intervals of 5~7m, the soil dug out can reinforce ridge, and set anti-escape network in rice field surrounding and place oxygen increasing equipment to water body
Oxygenation is carried out, cray cultivation ground is obtained after horizontal, vertical field ditch shaping；
（2）To Rice Cropping and field ditch in apply quick lime and carry out disinfection, the every mu of amount of applying is 40~45kg, is applied 3~5 days
55~60cm water levels are filled in backward field ditch, to applying farm manure on water sweetening of the soil after water filling, every mu of dose is 700~
800kg, plants waterweed for 3~5 days in backward field ditch after applying, every mu of field ditch plantation amount is 40~50kg；
（3）After plantation, water temperature in measurement field ditch, carries out delivering close shrimp, every mu of field ditch is delivered when water temperature is 20~25 DEG C in time
5~7kg is measured, and controls the female-male proportion of close shrimp to be 2:1, daily 18 after dispensing：00~19：Mixing is fed when 00 into field ditch
Feed, 50~70g is fed to every square of ditch, is fed to 3~April of Second Year, in adjustment field ditch the density of shrimp seedling for 1.3~
1.5 ten thousand tails/mu, are always maintained at water level in 55~60cm during cultivation；
（4）When the Second Year early spring, to field ditch and rice field on apply farm manure, the every mu of amount of applying is 500~700kg, apply 5~
Bog pondweed, hydrilla verticillata, Eichhornia crassipes and waterweed are planted after 7 days in paddy rice ditch, treat late April fish for it is long to 50~70g into
Shrimp simultaneously lists in time；
（5）During 5~June, 2~4cm larva of crayfish is delivered in field ditch after paddy rice is transplanted seedlings, it is 2 that concentration is used before dispensing
~4% saline solution is rinsed 4000~6000 tails of dispensing in 10~15min, every mu of rice field to juvenile prawn；
（6）Carry out feeding mixed fodder after larva of crayfish to be put, feed daily 2 times, the morning 8:00~9：00 feeds once,
Afternoon 18:00~19:00 is fed once, and 50~70g is fed to every square of ditch, when rice ear sprouting period, and water level raising 90~
100cm, can be easy to cray to ingest rice and Tanaka weeds on the water surface, and reduction water level is to 55~60cm after rice ear sprouting period；
（7）Length in field ditch is fished for out in time to 50~70g into shrimp and larva of crayfish is supplemented, supplement juvenile prawn quantity is to catch
The 15~20% of shrimp quantity are dragged for into, will all be fished for into shrimp more than 40g weight before rice harvesting, the cray do not fished for exists
Seed shrimp is given in field ditch, its natural propagation is allowed, circulation is carried out 10~November after rice harvesting and rotates the process of plantation cultivation.
Described farm manure be by counting by weight, choose respectively 80~100 parts of pig manures, 10~20 parts of chicken droppings, 20~
30 parts of wheat stalks, 20~30 parts of edible fungi residues, 1~3 part of potassium sulfate, 1~3 part of ferrous sulfate and 1~3 part of ammonium hydrogen carbonate,
After stirring mixing mixture, spray water to mixture water content is to carry out compost fermentation after 60~70%, is fermented 18~20 days,
Farm manure is obtained after compost fermentation.
Described mixed fodder is, by counting by weight, 30~50 parts of small fish, 20~40 parts of spiral shell meat, 30 to be chosen respectively
~50 parts of earthworms, 40~60 parts of corns, 40~60 parts of water lettuces, 50~60 parts of Soybean Meaies, 100~120 parts of wheat bran and 30~50
Part sweet tea napier grass, adds after being shredded in shredding machine and mixes, obtain mixed fodder.
Described step（1）Middle oxygen increasing equipment is in fine day 12:00~14:00 starts, the morning 5 at the cloudy day:00~6:
00 starts, in the rainy day 22：00~23:00 opens, by dissolved oxygen in water control in 4.5~5mg/L.
It is described to spray insecticide and apply every time after chemical fertilizer and to change the water in field ditch immediately during rice seed is grown,
Change and added water in the water volume 50~60% in field ditch, 3~April, every 8~10 days backward field ditches every time, keep 55~60cm water
Position, in 7~September part season, changes weekly water 1~2 time, the water volume 20~40% in field ditch is changed every time.
The present invention is compared with other method, and advantageous effects are：
（1）The present invention excavates groined type field ditch, and set anti-escape network and placement oxygenation to set in rice field surrounding after rice harvesting
It is standby, obtain cray cultivation ground, the plantation and pipe for being easy to farmer to paddy rice while convenient cultivation to the cultivation that the present invention is designed
Reason, makes full use of breeding spaces, effectively improves the yield of cray and the yield of paddy rice, and will not waste water resource, be conducive to
Sustainable development；
（2）The present invention cultivates to apply in ground to cray applies farm manure after lime disinfection, in suitable water after plantation waterweed
Temperature delivers close shrimp, feeds mixed fodder when daily into field ditch, and the present invention plants pasture and water after first being disinfected to culture pond, it is easy to
Close shrimp is supported on progress hatching spawning on pasture and water；
（3）The present invention when cultivating Second Year spring, to field ditch and rice field on apply farm manure and plant fresh plant, treat paddy rice
The weeds in rice and rice field are eaten during heading stage, not only the weeds in rice field are naturally handled, herbicide, peace is not used
The nutritive value of cray after full health, and edible rice is improved, and cray meat is had rice fragrance；
（4）The present invention is listed in time after cray is grown up, and larva of crayfish is finally delivered after paddy rice is transplanted seedlings, and deliver mixing
Feed, will completely be fished for, the cray do not fished for gives over to seed shrimp in pond before rice harvesting into shrimp, allow its natural propagation, this
Invention progress circulation, which is rotated, plants cultivation breeding way, and the cray growth cultivated is fast, and the normal production of paddy rice, one are not influenceed
Field is dual-purpose, but also can improve cray resistance against diseases, increases survival rate, finally by water control pipe reason and aquaculture management, makes
A state for comparing balance can be maintained for a long time by obtaining the growing environment of lobster.
Embodiment
After after 10~November rice harvesting, choose 5~7 mu have abundant water resources, irrigation and drainage are convenient, soil property is fertile, water-retaining property is strong
Paddy soil, ditched at 2.0~2.2m of ridge internal layer, the field ditch for the font that digs a well, the width of field ditch is 1.0~1.2m, deep
Spend for 0.7~0.8m, per ditch at intervals of 5~7m, the soil dug out can reinforce ridge, and rice field surrounding set anti-escape network and
Placement oxygen increasing equipment carries out oxygenation to water body, and cray cultivation ground is obtained after horizontal, vertical field ditch shaping；To Rice Cropping and field ditch in
Apply quick lime to carry out disinfection, the every mu of amount of applying is 40~45kg, applies 3~5 days and is filled to 55~60cm water in backward field ditch
Position, to farm manure is applied on water sweetening of the soil after water filling, every mu of dose is 700~800kg, 3~5 days backward field ditches after applying
Middle plantation waterweed, every mu of field ditch plantation amount is 40~50kg；After after plantation 3~5 days, water temperature in field ditch is measured in time, in water
Carry out delivering close shrimp, every mu of field ditch 5~7kg of injected volume when temperature is 20~25 DEG C, and it is 2 to control the female-male proportion of close shrimp:1,
Daily 18 after dispensing：00~19：Mixed fodder is fed when 00 into field ditch, 50~70g is fed to every square of ditch, is fed to
2 year 3~April, keep in every mu of rice field shrimp seedling quantity be always maintained in 1.3~1.5 ten thousand tails/mu, during cultivation water level 55~
60cm；When 3~April of Second Year, to field ditch and rice field on apply farm manure, the every mu of amount of applying is 500~700kg, applies 5
Planted after~7 days in paddy rice ditch 10~15kg bog pondweeds, 8~12kg hydrilla verticillatas, 10~15kg Eichhornia crassipes and 20~30kg she
Happy algae, treats that late April fishes for length to 50~70g into shrimp and listed in time；During 5~June, thrown after paddy rice is transplanted seedlings in field ditch
2~4cm larva of crayfish is put, 10~15min, every mu are rinsed to juvenile prawn for 2~4% saline solutions with concentration before dispensing
4000~6000 tails are delivered in rice field；Carry out feeding mixed fodder after larva of crayfish to be put, feed daily 2 times, the morning 8:
00~9：00 feeds once, afternoon 18:00~19:00 feeds once, feeds 50~70g to every square of ditch, treats Rice Heading
During the phase, 90~100cm of water level raising can be easy to cray to ingest rice and Tanaka weeds on the water surface, be dropped after rice ear sprouting period
Low water level is to 55~60cm；Length in field ditch is fished for out in time to 50~70g into shrimp and larva of crayfish is supplemented, supplement children
Shrimp quantity is fish for into shrimp quantity 15~20%, will all fish for, does not fish for into shrimp more than 40g weight before rice harvesting
Cray seed shrimp is given in pond, allow its natural propagation, carry out circulation 10~November after rice harvesting and rotate plantation cultivation
Process.Described farm manure is, by counting by weight, 80~100 parts of pig manures, 10~20 parts of chicken droppings, 20~30 to be chosen respectively
Part wheat stalk, 20~30 parts of edible fungi residues, 1~3 part of potassium sulfate, 1~3 part of ferrous sulfate and 1~3 part of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, are stirred
Mix and mixture is obtained after mixing, spray water to mixture water content is 60~70%, compost fermentation, fermentation 18~20 are carried out after sprinkling
My god, farm manure is obtained after compost fermentation.Described mixed fodder be by counting by weight, choose respectively 30~50 parts of small fish,
20~40 parts of spiral shell meat, 30~50 parts of earthworms, 40~60 parts of corns, 40~60 parts of water lettuces, 50~60 parts of Soybean Meaies, 100~120
Part wheat bran and 30~50 parts of sweet tea napier grasses, add after being shredded in shredding machine and mix, obtain mixed fodder.Described oxygen increasing equipment is in fine day
When 12:00~14:00 starts, the morning 5 at the cloudy day:00~6:00 starts, in the rainy day 22：00~23:00 opens, by water
Dissolved oxygen is controlled in 4.5~5mg/L.It is described during rice seed is grown, spray insecticide field and apply every time after chemical fertilizer
Water in ditch is changed immediately, is changed in the water volume 50~60% in field ditch, 3~April, every 8~10 days backward field ditches and is added every time
Water, keeps 55~60cm water levels, in 7~September part season, water is changed weekly 1~2 time, change every time water volume 20 in field ditch~
40%。
Example 1
After after October rice harvesting, choose 5 mu have abundant water resources, irrigation and drainage are convenient, the paddy soil that soil property is fertile, water-retaining property is strong,
Ditched at ridge internal layer 2.0m, the field ditch for the font that digs a well, the width of field ditch is 1.0m, and depth is 0.7m, per ditch at intervals of 5m,
The soil dug out can reinforce ridge, and set anti-escape network in rice field surrounding and place oxygen increasing equipment and carry out oxygenation to water body, horizontal,
Cray cultivation ground is obtained after vertical field ditch shaping；To Rice Cropping and field ditch in apply quick lime and carry out disinfection, the every mu of amount of applying
For 40kg, apply 3 days and be filled to 55cm water levels in backward field ditch, to farm manure is applied on water sweetening of the soil after water filling, every mu is applied
Fertilizer amount is 700kg, plants within 3 days waterweed after applying in backward field ditch, and every mu of field ditch plantation amount is 40kg；After planting 3 days, and
When measurement field ditch in water temperature, carry out delivering close shrimp, every mu of field ditch injected volume 5kg when water temperature is 20 DEG C, and control close shrimp
Female-male proportion is 2:1, daily 18 after dispensing：Mixed fodder is fed when 00 into field ditch, 50g is fed to every square of ditch, feeds
To Second Year March, shrimp seedling quantity in every mu of rice field is kept to be always maintained at water level in 1.3 ten thousand tails/mu, during cultivation in 55cm；Treat
During Second Year March, to field ditch and rice field on apply farm manure, the every mu of amount of applying is 500kg, applies and is planted after 5 days in paddy rice ditch
10kg bog pondweeds, 8kg hydrilla verticillatas, 10kg Eichhornia crassipes and 20kg waterweeds are planted, treats that late April fishes for and grows to 50g into shrimp simultaneously
Listing in time；During May, 2cm larva of crayfish is delivered in field ditch after paddy rice is transplanted seedlings, it is 2% salt that concentration is used before dispensing
Water is rinsed in 10min, every mu of rice field to juvenile prawn and delivers 4000 tails；Carry out feeding mixing feeding after larva of crayfish to be put
Material, feeds 2 times, the morning 8 daily:00 feeds once, afternoon 18:00 feeds once, feeds 50g to every square of ditch, treats paddy rice
During heading stage, water level raising 90cm can be easy to cray to ingest rice and Tanaka weeds on the water surface, be reduced after rice ear sprouting period
Water level is to 55cm；Length in field ditch is fished for out in time to 50g into shrimp and larva of crayfish is supplemented, supplement juvenile prawn quantity is to catch
The 15% of shrimp quantity is dragged for into, will all be fished for into shrimp more than 40g weight before rice harvesting, the cray do not fished for is in pond
Seed shrimp is given over to, its natural propagation is allowed, circulation is carried out October after rice harvesting and rotates the process of plantation cultivation.Described farm manure
It is, by counting by weight, 80 parts of pig manures, 10 parts of chicken droppings, 20 parts of wheat stalks, 20 parts of edible fungi residues, 1 part of sulphur to be chosen respectively
Sour potassium, 1 part of ferrous sulfate and 1 part of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, obtain mixture after stirring mixing, spray water to mixture water content is 60%, spray
Compost fermentation is carried out after spilling, is fermented 18 days, farm manure is obtained after compost fermentation.Described mixed fodder be by counting by weight,
30 parts of small fish, 20 parts of spiral shell meat, 30 parts of earthworms, 40 parts of corns, 40 parts of water lettuces, 50 parts of Soybean Meaies, 100 parts of wheat bran are chosen respectively
With 30 parts of sweet tea napier grasses, add after being shredded in shredding machine and mix, obtain mixed fodder.Described oxygen increasing equipment is in fine day 12:00 opens
It is dynamic, the morning 5 at the cloudy day:00 starts, in the rainy day 22：00 opens, by dissolved oxygen in water control in 4.5mg/L.Described
During rice seed is grown, spray insecticide and apply every time after chemical fertilizer and to change the water in field ditch immediately, change every time in field ditch
Water volume 50%, in March, add water in every 8 days backward field ditches, keep 55cm water levels, in season in July, water is changed weekly 1 time, every time
Change the water volume 20% in field ditch.
Example 2
After after November rice harvesting, choose 7 mu have abundant water resources, irrigation and drainage are convenient, the paddy soil that soil property is fertile, water-retaining property is strong,
Ditched at ridge internal layer 2.2m, the field ditch for the font that digs a well, the width of field ditch is 1.2m, and depth is 0.8m, per ditch at intervals of 7m,
The soil dug out can reinforce ridge, and set anti-escape network in rice field surrounding and place oxygen increasing equipment and carry out oxygenation to water body, horizontal,
Cray cultivation ground is obtained after vertical field ditch shaping；To Rice Cropping and field ditch in apply quick lime and carry out disinfection, the every mu of amount of applying
For 45kg, apply 5 days and be filled to 60cm water levels in backward field ditch, to farm manure is applied on water sweetening of the soil after water filling, every mu is applied
Fertilizer amount is 800kg, plants within 5 days waterweed after applying in backward field ditch, and every mu of field ditch plantation amount is 50kg；After planting 5 days, and
When measurement field ditch in water temperature, carry out delivering close shrimp, every mu of field ditch injected volume 7kg when water temperature is 25 DEG C, and control close shrimp
Female-male proportion is 2:1, daily 19 after dispensing：Mixed fodder is fed when 00 into field ditch, 70g is fed to every square of ditch, feeds
To Second Year April, shrimp seedling quantity in every mu of rice field is kept to be always maintained at water level in 1.5 ten thousand tails/mu, during cultivation in 60cm；Treat
During Second Year April, to field ditch and rice field on apply farm manure, the every mu of amount of applying is 700kg, applies and is planted after 7 days in paddy rice ditch
15kg bog pondweeds, 12kg hydrilla verticillatas, 15kg Eichhornia crassipes and 30kg waterweeds are planted, treats that late April fishes for and grows to 70g into shrimp simultaneously
Listing in time；During June, 4cm larva of crayfish is delivered in field ditch after paddy rice is transplanted seedlings, it is 4% salt that concentration is used before dispensing
Water is rinsed in 15min, every mu of rice field to juvenile prawn and delivers 6000 tails；Carry out feeding mixing feeding after larva of crayfish to be put
Material, feeds 2 times, the morning 9 daily：00 feeds once, afternoon 19:00 feeds once, feeds 70g to every square of ditch, treats paddy rice
During heading stage, water level raising 100cm can be easy to cray to ingest rice and Tanaka weeds on the water surface, be dropped after rice ear sprouting period
Low water level is to 60cm；Length in field ditch is fished for out in time to 70g into shrimp and larva of crayfish is supplemented, supplement juvenile prawn quantity is
The 20% of shrimp quantity is fished for into, will all be fished for into shrimp more than 40g weight before rice harvesting, the cray do not fished for is in pond
In give over to seed shrimp, allow its natural propagation, carry out circulation November after rice harvesting and rotate the process of plantation cultivation.Described farmers'
Fertilizer be by counting by weight, choose respectively 100 parts of pig manures, 20 parts of chicken droppings, 30 parts of wheat stalks, 30 parts of edible fungi residues, 3 parts
Potassium sulfate, 3 parts of ferrous sulfate and 3 parts of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, obtain mixture after stirring mixing, spray water to mixture water content is 70%,
Compost fermentation is carried out after sprinkling, is fermented 20 days, farm manure is obtained after compost fermentation.Described mixed fodder is by by weight
Meter, choose respectively 50 parts of small fish, 40 portions of spiral shell meat, 50 portions of earthworms, 60 parts of corns, 60 portions of water lettuces, 60 parts of Soybean Meaies, 120 parts
Wheat bran and 50 parts of sweet tea napier grasses, add after being shredded in shredding machine and mix, obtain mixed fodder.Described oxygen increasing equipment is in fine day 14:
00 starts, the morning 6 at the cloudy day:00 starts, in the rainy day 23:00 opens, by dissolved oxygen in water control in 5mg/L.It is described
During rice seed is grown, spray insecticide and apply every time after chemical fertilizer and to change the water in field ditch immediately, field ditch is changed every time
In water volume 60%, in April, add water in every 10 days backward field ditches, keep 60cm water levels, in September part season, water is changed weekly 2 times,
The water volume 40% in field ditch is changed every time.
Example 3
After after November rice harvesting, choose 6 mu have abundant water resources, irrigation and drainage are convenient, the paddy soil that soil property is fertile, water-retaining property is strong,
Ditched at ridge internal layer 2.1m, the field ditch for the font that digs a well, the width of field ditch is 1.1m, and depth is 0.7m, per ditch at intervals of 6m,
The soil dug out can reinforce ridge, and set anti-escape network in rice field surrounding and place oxygen increasing equipment and carry out oxygenation to water body, horizontal,
Cray cultivation ground is obtained after vertical field ditch shaping；To Rice Cropping and field ditch in apply quick lime and carry out disinfection, the every mu of amount of applying
For 43kg, apply 4 days and be filled to 58cm water levels in backward field ditch, to farm manure is applied on water sweetening of the soil after water filling, every mu is applied
Fertilizer amount is 750kg, plants within 4 days waterweed after applying in backward field ditch, and every mu of field ditch plantation amount is 45kg；After planting 4 days, and
When measurement field ditch in water temperature, carry out delivering close shrimp, every mu of field ditch injected volume 6kg when water temperature is 22 DEG C, and control close shrimp
Female-male proportion is 2:1, daily 18 after dispensing：Mixed fodder is fed when 30 into field ditch, 60g is fed to every square of ditch, feeds
To Second Year March, shrimp seedling quantity in every mu of rice field is kept to be always maintained at water level in 1.4 ten thousand tails/mu, during cultivation in 58cm；Treat
During Second Year March, to field ditch and rice field on apply farm manure, the every mu of amount of applying is 600kg, applies and is planted after 6 days in paddy rice ditch
13kg bog pondweeds, 10kg hydrilla verticillatas, 13kg Eichhornia crassipes and 25kg waterweeds are planted, treats that late April fishes for and grows to 60g into shrimp simultaneously
Listing in time；During May, 3cm larva of crayfish is delivered in field ditch after paddy rice is transplanted seedlings, it is 3% salt that concentration is used before dispensing
Water is rinsed in 13min, every mu of rice field to juvenile prawn and delivers 5000 tails；Carry out feeding mixing feeding after larva of crayfish to be put
Material, feeds 2 times, the morning 8 daily:30 feed once, afternoon 18:30 feed once, feed 60g to every square of ditch, treat paddy rice
During heading stage, water level raising 95cm can be easy to cray to ingest rice and Tanaka weeds on the water surface, be reduced after rice ear sprouting period
Water level is to 58cm；Length in field ditch is fished for out in time to 60g into shrimp and larva of crayfish is supplemented, supplement juvenile prawn quantity is to catch
The 18% of shrimp quantity is dragged for into, will all be fished for into shrimp more than 40g weight before rice harvesting, the cray do not fished for is in pond
Seed shrimp is given over to, its natural propagation is allowed, circulation is carried out October after rice harvesting and rotates the process of plantation cultivation.Described farm manure
It is, by counting by weight, 90 parts of pig manures, 15 parts of chicken droppings, 25 parts of wheat stalks, 25 parts of edible fungi residues, 2 parts of sulphur to be chosen respectively
Sour potassium, 2 parts of ferrous sulfate and 2 parts of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, obtain mixture after stirring mixing, spray water to mixture water content is 65%, spray
Compost fermentation is carried out after spilling, is fermented 19 days, farm manure is obtained after compost fermentation.Described mixed fodder be by counting by weight,
40 parts of small fish, 30 parts of spiral shell meat, 40 parts of earthworms, 50 parts of corns, 50 parts of water lettuces, 55 parts of Soybean Meaies, 110 parts of wheat bran are chosen respectively
With 40 parts of sweet tea napier grasses, add after being shredded in shredding machine and mix, obtain mixed fodder.Described oxygen increasing equipment is in fine day 13:00 opens
It is dynamic, the morning 5 at the cloudy day:30 start, in the rainy day 22：30 open, by dissolved oxygen in water control in 4.8mg/L.Described
During rice seed is grown, spray insecticide and apply every time after chemical fertilizer and to change the water in field ditch immediately, change every time in field ditch
Water volume 55%, in March, add water in every 9 days backward field ditches, keep 58cm water levels, in August part season, water is changed weekly 1 time, every time
Change the water volume 30% in field ditch.
The cray fished for using the method provided in present example 1~3, and to the yield of cray, it is average every
Weight only etc. is detected, and the yield to paddy rice detects that testing result is as shown in table 1 simultaneously.
Table 1
It is of the invention that the survival rate of cray improves 30~50% compared with traditional cultural method, and the yield of paddy rice adds 12~
18%, the sales value of cray is 1.5~2.5 times of common cray.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method of cray rice field ecology cultivation, it is characterised in that specifically cultivation step is：
（1）After after rice harvesting, selection is had abundant water resources, irrigation and drainage are convenient, the paddy soil that soil property is fertile, water-retaining property is strong, in ridge
Ditched at 2.0~2.2m of internal layer, the field ditch for the font that digs a well, the width of field ditch is 1.0~1.2m, and depth is 0.7~0.8m, per ditch
At intervals of 5~7m, the soil dug out can reinforce ridge, and set anti-escape network in rice field surrounding and place oxygen increasing equipment to water body
Oxygenation is carried out, cray cultivation ground is obtained after horizontal, vertical field ditch shaping；
（2）To Rice Cropping and field ditch in apply quick lime and carry out disinfection, the every mu of amount of applying is 40~45kg, is applied 3~5 days
55~60cm water levels are filled in backward field ditch, to applying farm manure on water sweetening of the soil after water filling, every mu of dose is 700~
800kg, plants waterweed for 3~5 days in backward field ditch after applying, every mu of field ditch plantation amount is 40~50kg；
（3）After plantation, water temperature in measurement field ditch, carries out delivering close shrimp, every mu of field ditch is delivered when water temperature is 20~25 DEG C in time
5~7kg is measured, and controls the female-male proportion of close shrimp to be 2:1, daily 18 after dispensing：00~19：Mixing is fed when 00 into field ditch
Feed, 50~70g is fed to every square of ditch, is fed to 3~April of Second Year, in adjustment field ditch the density of shrimp seedling for 1.3~
1.5 ten thousand tails/mu, are always maintained at water level in 55~60cm during cultivation；
（4）When the Second Year early spring, to field ditch and rice field on apply farm manure, the every mu of amount of applying is 500~700kg, apply 5~
Bog pondweed, hydrilla verticillata, Eichhornia crassipes and waterweed are planted after 7 days in paddy rice ditch, treat late April fish for it is long to 50~70g into
Shrimp simultaneously lists in time；
（5）During 5~June, 2~4cm larva of crayfish is delivered in field ditch after paddy rice is transplanted seedlings, it is 2 that concentration is used before dispensing
~4% saline solution is rinsed 4000~6000 tails of dispensing in 10~15min, every mu of rice field to juvenile prawn；
（6）Carry out feeding mixed fodder after larva of crayfish to be put, feed daily 2 times, the morning 8:00~9：00 feeds once,
Afternoon 18:00~19:00 is fed once, and 50~70g is fed to every square of ditch, when rice ear sprouting period, and water level raising 90~
100cm, can be easy to cray to ingest rice and Tanaka weeds on the water surface, and reduction water level is to 55~60cm after rice ear sprouting period；
（7）Length in field ditch is fished for out in time to 50~70g into shrimp and larva of crayfish is supplemented, supplement juvenile prawn quantity is to catch
The 15~20% of shrimp quantity are dragged for into, will all be fished for into shrimp more than 40g weight before rice harvesting, the cray do not fished for exists
Seed shrimp is given in field ditch, its natural propagation is allowed, circulation is carried out 10~November after rice harvesting and rotates the process of plantation cultivation.
2. a kind of method of cray rice field ecology cultivation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described farm manure
Be by counting by weight, choose respectively 80~100 parts of pig manures, 10~20 parts of chicken droppings, 20~30 parts of wheat stalks, 20~30 parts
Edible fungi residue, 1~3 part of potassium sulfate, 1~3 part of ferrous sulfate and 1~3 part of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, obtain mixture, spray after stirring mixing
Watering to mixture water content is to carry out compost fermentation after 60~70%, is fermented 18~20 days, after compost fermentation farm manure.
3. a kind of method of cray rice field ecology cultivation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described mixing is raised
Material be by counting by weight, choose respectively 30~50 parts of small fish, 20~40 portions of spiral shell meat, 30~50 portions of earthworms, 40~60 parts
Corn, 40~60 portions of water lettuces, 50~60 parts of Soybean Meaies, 100~120 parts of wheat bran and 30~50 parts of sweet tea napier grasses, add shredding machine
Mixed after middle chopping, obtain mixed fodder.
4. a kind of method of cray rice field ecology cultivation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described step
（1）Middle oxygen increasing equipment is in fine day 12:00~14:00 starts, the morning 5 at the cloudy day:00~6:00 starts, in the rainy day 22：
00~23:00 opens, by dissolved oxygen in water control in 4.5~5mg/L.
5. a kind of method of cray rice field ecology cultivation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described in paddy rice
During kind growing, spray insecticide and apply every time after chemical fertilizer and to change the water in field ditch immediately, the water body in field ditch is changed every time
Added water in product 50~60%, 3~April, every 8~10 days backward field ditches, holding 55~60cm water levels, 7~September part season, weekly
Change water 1~2 time, the water volume 20~40% in field ditch is changed every time.
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| CN111642433A (en) * | 2020-06-13 | 2020-09-11 | 胡杨 | Water plant planting and moss prevention and control method for crayfishes cultured in rice field |
| CN111642433B (en) * | 2020-06-13 | 2021-10-01 | 湖北天湖蛋禽股份有限公司 | Water plant planting and moss prevention and control method for crayfishes cultured in rice field |
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| CN113080116A (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2021-07-09 | 安徽省农业科学院水产研究所 | Staged breeding method for shrimp larvae in paddy field |
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Application publication date: 20170818 |