CN106941988B - A new model of continuous cropping ecological cycle of shrimp, rice and barley - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a new mode of continuous cropping ecological cycle of shrimp, rice and forage barley. After the shrimp is raised and fished in the paddy field, one season of high-quality rice is planted according to the organic planting method, and one season of forage barley is planted after the rice is harvested. The sowing period of the barley for feeding makes the height of the seedlings reach 20 centimeters before the barley grows crayfish in the field in the second year. At this time, the barley seedlings are a good nutritious feed for the crayfish. The mode of the present invention makes full use of the resources of the shrimp and rice planting and raising fields, and solves the problem that the fields are idle for about 3 and a half months after the rice is harvested and before the second year's field is watered in the common shrimp and rice growing and raising mode. Field resource, increase multiple cropping index. In a word, the planting and breeding mode of the present invention has high benefits, low production cost, high field utilization rate, and forms a virtuous ecological cycle, becoming a new green, environmentally friendly and low-carbon rice and shrimp breeding mode.

Description

A new model of continuous cropping ecological cycle of shrimp, rice and barley

technical field

The invention relates to the field of ecological breeding, in particular to a new mode of continuous cropping ecological cycle cultivation of shrimp, rice and barley.

Background technique

The comprehensive farming mode of shrimp and rice co-cropping adopted by farmers is mainly characterized by low investment, low risk, short cycle, quick effect, good benefit and easy operation. Taking Shrimp and Rice as an example, the yield of high-quality rice (organic rice quality) is about 500kg per mu, and the income of shrimp is increased. Generally, the yield of crayfish per mu is 75-100kg, the total output value per mu is 6000-8000 yuan, and the net profit per mu is more than 3000 yuan, which is more common than that of pure species. The net income per mu of rice increased by more than 2,500 yuan. In addition, using barley as feed for crayfish can save feeding costs and increase actual benefits.

In recent years, the demand for crayfish in the domestic market has been increasing day by day, showing a situation of short supply, especially domestic consumption is more popular, the price of crayfish has been rising rapidly, and it has become the largest increase in aquatic products. At the same time, the market demand for high-quality rice is showing a good upward trend, and people's pursuit of consuming safe and high-quality rice products has become a new normal.

In the first half of 2016, the highest price of the city's production area reached 60 yuan per kilogram, the average price exceeded 15 yuan, and the price of high-quality rice was more than 5 yuan. The economic benefits of shrimp and rice co-cropping are very significant, which has stimulated the enthusiasm of farmers and effectively stimulated the comprehensive development of rice fields. The development of breeding.

Contents of the invention

The invention discloses a new mode of continuous cropping ecological circulation of shrimp, rice and barley. This planting and breeding mode can make full use of idle farmland resources, reduce the cost of planting and breeding for farmers and fishers, and improve economic benefits.

The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is as follows:

A new mode of continuous cropping ecological cycle of shrimp, rice and forage barley, which is characterized in that: after the completion of shrimp farming and fishing in the paddy field, one season of high-quality rice is planted according to the organic planting method, and one season of forage barley is planted after the rice is harvested. The sowing period of barley makes the barley seedlings grow to 20 cm high before and after the Spring Festival to the second year before the crayfish are raised in the field. At this time, the barley seedlings are excellent feed for crayfish. green manure.

The new mode of continuous cropping ecological cycle cultivation of shrimp, rice and barley is characterized in that the specific operation includes the following contents: field cultivation of lobster, organic rice cultivation and barley cultivation.

Described a kind of shrimp, paddy rice, barley continuous cropping ecological cycle planting new model is characterized in that, described lobster field culture concrete operation is as follows:

(1) Rice field reconstruction and construction

a. Paddy field selection and transformation: select fields close to sufficient water sources, merge and organize relatively flat fields to form small plots with an area of 20-30 mu per unit, and then level the land for each plot. The difference is not more than 5 cm;

b. Implement separation of irrigation and drainage:

Requirements for irrigation: the water used in each unit community should be clean and reliable, and the water source for irrigation should be directly obtained from unpolluted reservoirs, rivers, and canals, or the reliable water sources should be stored in self-provided ponds and canals to settle before irrigation;

Drainage requirements: build a smooth drainage ditch, and the drainage ditch should be connected with the breeding ditch;

(2) Excavate the breeding ditch and tamp the field ridge: Before March, excavate a circular ditch around the inner side of the ridge of each unit plot. The ditch is 2-3 meters wide and 1 meter deep. The layout of the ditch should consider mechanical farming and harvesting. The excavated earthwork is used to widen and heighten the ridges around the shrimp paddy fields, so that the fields can retain more than 60 centimeters of water;

(3) Disinfection and pest removal, planting aquatic plants: 10-15 days before the shrimp species are put in, drain the field water, disinfect with 75 kg of quicklime per mu of shrimp ditch area, kill black fish, rice field eel and other harmful fish and small miscellaneous fish, and disinfect for 7 days. In Tianhou, some aquatic plants can be planted in the ditch, such as Elodea, etc., and the planting area accounts for about 50% of the area of the shrimp ditch;

(4) Stocking of lobster seedlings

a. Stocking time, the first spring shrimp release time is early to mid-April, and the second shrimp fry release time is generally mid-to-late August;

b. Stocking density and feeding method: the size of the first-time shrimp seedlings is 5-10 grams/piece, the amount of feeding per mu is 15-25 kilograms, and the size of the second-time supplemental feeding of shrimp seedlings is 24-26 grams/ Only 5-15 kg per mu, the ratio of male to female is about 1:2;

(5) Feeding management

a. Feed feeding: more than two months from April to May, feeding should be strengthened. The amount of feeding should be determined according to the amount of lobster in the field. When the amount of lobster reaches 15-20 grams, fertilization should be stopped and the amount of feed should be increased. To be able to finish eating, the feed should be mainly unprocessed natural feed such as rice bran, wheat, corn, vegetable cake, soybean meal, wild fish, etc., and a large amount of green feed such as aquatic plants or high-quality forage should be added to reduce costs. Lobsters should be fed in an appropriate amount before overwintering, and generally do not need to be fed from November to January;

b. Water level control: Before the lobster digs holes for wintering and after the rice is harvested from September to October, when the temperature reaches below 15°C, the water level on the field surface should be gradually reduced to 10-20 cm; 40-50 cm, which is convenient for planting forage crops. After the forage crops are harvested in the second year, gradually increase the field surface water level to 40-50 cm after entering mid-April;

(6) Adult shrimp fishing: The starting time for fishing should be concentrated from April 10th to June 30th. Generally, shrimp cages are used for trapping, and the return rate can reach more than 80%. The prawns weighing more than 30 grams are caught, and the weight is not enough. 30 grams of small shrimps are returned to the field to continue stocking. At the same time, the mature dark red shrimps are caught and sold together. One week before the cultivation, the pool water is discharged until the cultivation can be completed. The fishing can be completed and transferred to rice to plant.

4. According to claim 1, a new mode of continuous cropping ecological circulation of shrimp, rice and cabbage rape is characterized in that, the specific operation of the organic rice cultivation is as follows:

(1) Variety selection: For japonica rice varieties, select high-quality and specific varieties such as Nanjing 46, Nanjing 5055, and long-grain japonica; for hybrid rice, select high-quality varieties such as Y Liangyou 1928, Longliangyou Huazhan, and Fengliangyouxiang 1;

(2) Sowing time: May 15-20 for japonica rice and May 5-10 for hybrid rice;

(3) Planting method:

a. Seed soaking in white vinegar: Before soaking the seeds, dry the seeds in the sun for 2 suns, then soak the seeds in the white vinegar solution according to the ratio of 1 catties of white vinegar to 100 kg of water, soak the japonica seeds for 48 hours, and soak the indica seeds for 24 hours. ready to sow;

b. Seedling raising: Artificial seedling raising is adopted. The amount of seed used per mu of japonica rice seedling field is 40-50 kg for moist seedling raising, and the amount of seedling for hybrid rice is 10-15 kg; The period is 30-35 days. For the field that is very flat, the mechanical transplanting method of hard disk seedling raising can be used. The amount of japonica rice seeds is 100 grams per tray, and the hybrid rice seeds are 54-58 grams per tray. An appropriate amount of organic fertilizer can be added to the seedling tray soil Mix well, then sow;

c. Planting density: 30×(15-20) centimeter row-to-plant spacing for artificial seedling raising, 3-4 seedlings per hole for japonica rice, 2 seedlings per hole for hybrid rice; 30×20 for mechanized transplanting With a row-to-plant spacing of 1 cm, 5-6 basic seedlings are inserted in each hole of japonica rice, and 2-3 basic seedlings are inserted in each hole of hybrid rice.

(4) Water and fertilizer management: On the basis of applying 80-100 kg of high-quality commercial organic fertilizer per mu, after planting live seeds for 6-7 days, irrigate the water layer above 5cm, and apply 50 kg of fresh rice bran or cake fertilizer per mu. Keep the deep water layer for 20 days to ensure the weeding effect. The water management in the middle and later stages is basically watering-natural drying-watering before drying, and applying 18-22 kg of decomposed cake fertilizer per mu before irrigation of organic rice. , can increase production. For the production of selenium-enriched rice products, effective selenium fertilizers are used to spray the rice during the blooming period;

(5) Pest control:

a. Install an insect trap light per 20-30 mu, and install a sexual attractant device per mu to kill pests. If rice leaf rollers and stem borers occur in large numbers, brevibacillus can be selected. and other biological pesticide control;

b. Rice false smut among the earing stage diseases can be controlled with "Jinggang pyrimidine" or "Jingwa bud" 10-15 days before the breach; rice blast can be controlled with "white vinegar" 3-5 days before the breach , after 5-7 days to control again;

(6) Harvesting: After the rice is mature, it is manually harvested in the morning on a sunny day, dried in the sun, removed from impurities, put into storage, and stored as required.

5. According to claim 1, a new mode of continuous cropping ecological cycle planting of shrimp, rice, and barley is characterized in that, the specific operations of the barley cultivation are as follows:

(1) Variety selection: Forage barley varieties are selected as "Yangsimai No. 1" and "Yanfeng No. 1" varieties;

(2) According to the time for stocking crayfish on the field in the second year, let the barley grow to a height of about 20cm to determine the sowing time of barley. Barley can be sown at the end of December after the rice is harvested; if the field is postponed for feeding lobsters, the sowing date of barley can be postponed accordingly;

(3) Planting method and planting density arrangement: forage barley can be planted manually according to 20cmx15cm or 3-5cm from 20cm to 3-5cm. It can also be sown with a compound seeder or manually sown. For direct seeding fields First, sow seeds evenly, then perform shallow rotary tillage, the depth of rotary tillage is 10-12cm, and the "three ditches" are opened according to the width of 1.5-1.8m;

(4) Seeding rate: the seeding rate of forage barley is 14-16 kg/mu;

(5) Field finishing and fertilization requirements: Before sowing barley for fodder, apply about 200 kilograms of commercial organic fertilizer per mu, and then make it about 2 meters wide for sowing. The "three ditches" must be opened well to ensure field drainage and waterlogging ;

(6) If the soil moisture is poor after the barley is sown, the moisture can be created by spraying water (irrigating into the ditch) or spraying water with plant protection machinery to ensure that the barley seeds germinate and emerge in time;

(7) Weeding: Before sowing forage barley, you can use deep plowing and grass pressing to prepare the ground, and then sow forage barley. After that, the number of weeds is limited, and weed control can no longer be carried out. Wait until mid-March to release water for crayfish. feed.

The advantages of the present invention are:

One is to make full use of the resources of the shrimp and rice breeding fields, which solves the problem that the fields are idle for about 3 and a half months after the rice is harvested in the common shrimp and rice breeding mode and before the field is watered in the second year, which not only makes full use of the field It can increase the multi-cropping index and provide high-quality feed for the crayfish in the field in the second year, saving the cost of breeding. The leftover barley seedlings after eating the lobster can also be used as organic fertilizer to increase the organic matter content of the soil. Second, rice cultivation adopts a unique pure organic cultivation method. No chemical fertilizers, pesticides and herbicides are used in the whole process of rice production, and a good space environment and ecological environment suitable for the symbiosis of rice and shrimp are constructed to ensure the safety and quality of rice and shrimp products. and flavor. The third is that during the whole planting and breeding cycle, biological and physical methods are used for weeding, which solves the problem of weed control in organic rice production, and the cost is relatively low. Fourth, under the combination of planting and breeding, the output value per unit area is three times higher than that of ordinary simple rice planting, and the benefit is increased by four times. In a word, the planting and breeding mode of the present invention has high benefits, low production cost, high field utilization rate, and forms a virtuous ecological cycle, becoming a new green, environmentally friendly and low-carbon rice and shrimp breeding mode.

Detailed ways

A new model of shrimp, rice, and barley continuous cropping ecological cycle. After the fishing of shrimp in the paddy field, one season of high-quality japonica rice is planted according to the organic planting method, and one season of feed barley is planted after the rice is harvested. By adjusting the sowing period of the feed barley , making the barley grow up to 20 centimeters before the crayfish are cultivated in the field in the second year. At this time, the barley seedling is a good nutritious feed for crayfish.

1. Lobster field farming, the specific operation is as follows:

(1) Rice field reconstruction and construction

a. Paddy field selection and transformation: select fields close to sufficient water sources, merge and organize relatively flat fields to form small plots with an area of 20-30 mu per unit, and then level the land for each plot. The difference is not more than 5 cm;

b. Implement separation of irrigation and drainage:

Requirements for irrigation: the water used in each unit community should be clean and reliable, and the water source for irrigation should be directly obtained from unpolluted reservoirs, rivers, and canals, or the reliable water sources should be stored in self-provided ponds and canals to settle before irrigation;

Drainage requirements: build a smooth drainage ditch, and the drainage ditch should be connected with the breeding ditch;

(2) Excavate the breeding ditch and tamp the field ridge: Before March, excavate a circular ditch around the inner side of the ridge of each unit plot. The ditch is 2-3 meters wide and 1 meter deep. The layout of the ditch should consider mechanical farming and harvesting. The excavated earthwork is used to widen and heighten the ridges around the shrimp paddy fields, so that the fields can retain more than 60 centimeters of water;

(3) Disinfection and pest removal, planting aquatic plants: 10-15 days before the shrimp species are put in, drain the field water, disinfect with 75 kg of quicklime per mu of shrimp ditch area, kill black fish, rice field eel and other harmful fish and small miscellaneous fish, and disinfect for 7 days. In Tianhou, some aquatic plants can be planted in the ditch, such as Elodea, etc., and the planting area accounts for about 50% of the area of the shrimp ditch;

(4) Stocking of lobster seedlings

a. Stocking time, the first spring shrimp release time is early to mid-April, and the second shrimp fry release time is generally mid-to-late August;

b. Stocking density and feeding method: the size of the first-time shrimp seedlings is 5-10 grams/piece, the amount of feeding per mu is 15-25 kilograms, and the size of the second-time supplemental feeding of shrimp seedlings is 24-26 grams/ Only 5-15 kg per mu, the ratio of male to female is about 1:2;

(5) Feeding management

a. Feed feeding: more than two months from April to May, feeding should be strengthened. The amount of feeding should be determined according to the amount of lobster in the field. When the amount of lobster reaches 15-20 grams, fertilization should be stopped and the amount of feed should be increased. To be able to finish eating, the feed should be mainly unprocessed natural feed such as rice bran, wheat, corn, vegetable cake, soybean meal, wild fish, etc., and a large amount of green feed such as aquatic plants or high-quality forage should be added to reduce costs. Lobsters should be fed in an appropriate amount before overwintering, and generally do not need to be fed from November to January;

b. Water level control: Before the lobster digs holes for wintering and after the rice is harvested from September to October, when the temperature reaches below 15°C, the water level on the field surface should be gradually reduced to 10-20 cm; 40-50 cm, which is convenient for planting forage crops. After harvesting the forage crops in the second year, gradually increase the field surface water level to 40-50 cm after mid-April; From June 10th to June 30th, shrimp pots are generally used for trapping, and the return rate can reach more than 80%. Large shrimp weighing more than 30 grams and small shrimp weighing less than 30 grams are caught and returned to the field to continue stocking. Catch and sell the mature crimson shrimps together, and start to discharge the pool water one week before the cultivation, until it can be cultivated, the fishing can be completed, and it can be transferred to rice planting.

4. According to claim 1, a new mode of continuous cropping ecological circulation of shrimp, rice and cabbage rape is characterized in that, the specific operation of the organic rice cultivation is as follows:

(1) Variety selection: For japonica rice varieties, select high-quality and specific varieties such as Nanjing 46, Nanjing 5055, and long-grain japonica; for hybrid rice, select high-quality varieties such as Y Liangyou 1928, Longliangyou Huazhan, and Fengliangyouxiang 1;

(2) Sowing time: May 15-20 for japonica rice and May 5-10 for hybrid rice;

(3) Planting method:

a. Seed soaking in white vinegar: Before soaking the seeds, dry the seeds in the sun for 2 suns, then soak the seeds in the white vinegar solution according to the ratio of 1 catties of white vinegar to 100 kg of water, soak the japonica seeds for 48 hours, and soak the indica seeds for 24 hours. ready to sow;

b. Seedling raising: Artificial seedling raising is adopted. The amount of seed used per mu of japonica rice seedling field is 40-50 kg for moist seedling raising, and the amount of seedling for hybrid rice is 10-15 kg; The period is 30-35 days. For the field that is very flat, the mechanical transplanting method of hard disk seedling raising can be used. The amount of japonica rice seeds is 100 grams per tray, and the hybrid rice seeds are 54-58 grams per tray. An appropriate amount of organic fertilizer can be added to the seedling tray soil Mix well, then sow;

c. Planting density: 30×(15-20) centimeter row-to-plant spacing for artificial seedling raising, 3-4 seedlings per hole for japonica rice, 2 seedlings per hole for hybrid rice; 30×20 for mechanized transplanting With a row-to-plant spacing of 1 cm, 5-6 basic seedlings are inserted in each hole of japonica rice, and 2-3 basic seedlings are inserted in each hole of hybrid rice.

(4) Water and fertilizer management: On the basis of applying 80-100 kg of high-quality commercial organic fertilizer per mu, after planting live seeds for 6-7 days, irrigate the water layer above 5cm, and apply 50 kg of fresh rice bran or cake fertilizer per mu. Keep the deep water layer for 20 days to ensure the weeding effect. The water management in the middle and later stages is basically watering-natural drying-watering before drying, and applying 18-22 kg of decomposed cake fertilizer per mu before irrigation of organic rice. , can increase production. For the production of selenium-enriched rice products, effective selenium fertilizers are used to spray the rice during the blooming period;

(5) Pest control:

a. Install an insect trap light per 20-30 mu, and install a sexual attractant device per mu to kill pests. If rice leaf rollers and stem borers occur in large numbers, brevibacillus can be selected. and other biological pesticide control;

b. Rice false smut among the earing stage diseases can be controlled with "Jinggang pyrimidine" or "Jingwa bud" 10-15 days before the breach; rice blast can be controlled with "white vinegar" 3-5 days before the breach , after 5-7 days to control again;

(6) Harvesting: After the rice is mature, it is manually harvested in the morning on a sunny day, dried in the sun, removed from impurities, put into storage, and stored as required.

5. According to claim 1, a new mode of continuous cropping ecological cycle planting of shrimp, rice, and barley is characterized in that, the specific operations of the barley cultivation are as follows:

(1) Variety selection: Forage barley varieties are selected as "Yangsimai No. 1" and "Yanfeng No. 1" varieties;

(2) According to the time for stocking crayfish on the field in the second year, let the barley grow to a height of about 20cm to determine the sowing time of barley. Barley can be sown at the end of December after the rice is harvested; if the field is postponed for feeding lobsters, the sowing date of barley can be postponed accordingly;

(3) Planting method and planting density arrangement: forage barley can be planted manually according to 20cmx15cm or 3-5cm from 20cm to 3-5cm. It can also be sown with a compound seeder or manually sown. For direct seeding fields First, sow seeds evenly, then perform shallow rotary tillage, the depth of rotary tillage is 10-12cm, and the "three ditches" are opened according to the width of 1.5-1.8m;

(4) Seeding rate: the seeding rate of forage barley is 14-16 kg/mu;

(5) Field finishing and fertilization requirements: Before sowing barley for fodder, apply about 200 kilograms of commercial organic fertilizer per mu, and then make it about 2 meters wide for sowing. The "three ditches" must be opened well to ensure field drainage and waterlogging ;

(6) If the soil moisture is poor after the barley is sown, the moisture can be created by spraying water (irrigating into the ditch) or spraying water with plant protection machinery to ensure that the barley seeds germinate and emerge in time;

(7) Weeding: Before sowing forage barley, you can use deep plowing and grass pressing to prepare the ground, and then sow forage barley. After that, the number of weeds is limited, and weed control can no longer be carried out. Wait until mid-March to release water for crayfish. feed.

Claims (1)

1. a seed shrimp, rice, feeding barley continuous cropping ecological circulation breeding new method, it is characterised in that: support shrimp fishing knot in rice field Shu Hou plants a season feeding barley, according to organic planting patterns one season of plantation high-grade rice by adjusting good feeding after rice harves With the sowing time of barley, so that height of seedling reaches 20 centimeters to barley before water cultivation cray in second year field, barley seedling at this time As the good nutrient fodder of cray；

Concrete operations include the following contents: the cultivation of lobster field, organic paddy rice cultivation and barley cultivation；

The lobster field cultivation concrete operations are as follows:

(1) rice field transformation and construction

A, rice field selection and transformation: selection closes on the field at sufficient water source, and opposed flattened field is merged arrangement, is formed The cell of each cellar area 20-30 mus of sizes, then prepartion of land is carried out to each cell, it is public that smooth rear difference of height is no more than 5 Point；

B, implement to fill draining separately:

The requirement poured water: each unit cell wants clean reliable with water, library that the water source poured water will never pollute, river, in canal Directly obtain or reliable water source be first stored in the pool provided for oneself, settle in canal after irrigate again；

The requirement of draining: will build unobstructed drainage ditch well, and the irrigation canals and ditches of draining will be communicated with cultivation ditch；

(2) excavate cultivation ditch, compacting ridge: before March, surrounding excavates annular ditch, furrow width on the inside of each unit cell ridge 2-3 meters, 1 meter deep, the layout of ditch will consider mechanical cultivation and harvesting, and the ridge that the earthwork dug out is used to support shrimp rice field surrounding is widened Heightening and consolidation accomplishes that Tanaka can be retained 60 centimetres or more；(3) disinfection removes the evil, plants water plant: 10-15 days before shrimp species dispensing, draining Water in field, shrimp ditch area is sterilized with 75 kilograms of quick lime per acre, and one can be planted after disinfection 7 days in ditch by killing evil fish and small fish A little water plants, planting area account for shrimp ditch area 50% or so；

(4) lobster seedling is put in a suitable place to breed

A, it puts in a suitable place to breed the time, shrimp seedling release time spring first time is first arrival in the April the middle ten days, and second of shrimp seedling release time is generally 8 The middle ten days and the last ten days moon；B, breeding density and put-on method: the shrimp seedling size launched for the first time is 5-10 grams/, and injected volume is per acre 15-25 kilograms, mending the shrimp seedling size launched for the second time is 24-26 grams/, and mending injected volume per acre is 5-15 kilograms, male female ratio Example about 1: 2；

(5) feeding management

A, feedstuff feeding: should strengthen nursing the 4-5 month, and how much feeding volume determines according to Tanaka lobster, when there is lobster to reach 15-20 grams When should stop applying fertilizer, increase feedstuff feeding amount, can be eaten up with lobster as degree, Feed selection is with rice bran, wheat, corn, rapeseed cake, big Based on dregs of beans, wild fishes, a large amount of water plants or high quality forage should be also supplemented, to reduce cost, autumn paddy field aquaculture lobster, overwintering Before should feed in right amount, 11 to January are generally not required to bait throwing in；

B, water level control: 9-10 month lobster dig a hole it is overwintering before, after rice harvesting, when temperature reaches 15 DEG C or less, Soil surface water position It should gradually reduce to 10-20 centimetres；November is dry to entire Wintering Period field face, and annular ditch is kept for 40-50 centimetres, convenient for plantation Raised crop, after second year is raised crop harvest, into mid-April after Soil surface water position is increase gradually to 40-50 centimetres；

(6) catch at shrimp: the harvesting time should concentrate on April 10 to June 30, generally be traped using lobster basket, the rate of recapture Up to 80% or more, fishing weight is greater than 30 grams of prawn, and shrimp of the weight less than 30 grams puts back to field and continue to put in a suitable place to breed, simultaneously The dark red shrimp of mature body colour is caught into sale together, until starting to discharge water when cultivation the last week, is until cultivable Only, fishing can terminate, and be transferred to Rice Cropping；

The organic paddy rice cultivation concrete operations are as follows:

(1) variety selection: japonica rice variety selects southern round-grained rice 46, southern round-grained rice 5055, long grain round-grained rice, and hybrid paddy rice selects Y two excellent 1928, grand two Excellent China accounts for, rich two excellent fragrant No. 1；

(2) sowing time: 15-20 days May of japonica rice sowing time, hybrid paddy rice sowing time are 5-10 in May days；

(3) Planting pattern:

A, it is soaked seed using light-coloured vinegar: before seed soaking, seed being dried 2 days, then 100 jin of water are immersed in seed according to one jin of light-coloured vinegar In light-coloured vinegar solution, japonica rice seed-soaking 48 hours, hybrid rice seed was soaked seed 24 hours, can be sowed after vernalization shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally；

B, artificial seedling, 40-50 kilograms of sowing quantity of the rice seedling bed of japonica rice per acre of water-raised seedling, hybrid paddy rice sowing quantity seedling: are used 10-15 kilograms；The sowing quantity of rice seedling bed per acre of dry rice seedling can increase 40-50%, seedling age 30-35 days, very smooth for crop field Hard disk seedling machinery Transplanting pattern, 100 grams of the every disk sowing quantity of japonica rice seed can be used, the every disk use of hybrid rice seed plants 54-58 grams, Seedling disk soil can add suitable number organic fertilizer to mix, and then sow；

C, Planting Densities: the distance between rows and hills of 30 × (15-20) centimetres of use of artificial seedling, 3-4 seed seedling is inserted in the every cave of japonica rice, miscellaneous The every cave of rice is handed over to insert 2 seed seedlings；5-6 Basic Seedling is inserted in the distance between rows and hills of 30 × 20 centimeters of the use of mechanized planting, the every cave of japonica rice, 2-3 Basic Seedling is inserted in the every cave of hybrid paddy rice, to be individually placed in yarn account or fly net before the sowing of organic paddy rice rice shoot, sowing wants dilute；

(4) it water and fertilizer management: on the basis of applying 80-100 kilograms of best buy organic fertilizer per acre, after planting work in 6-7 days, fills The water layer of 5cm or more applies 50 kilograms of fresh rice brans or cake fertilizer per acre, is kept for profundal zone 20 days, to ensure herbicidal effect, in The water management in later period substantially upper water --- falling naturally dry --- falls dry preceding water upper again, and organic paddy rice flowering is applied per acre before pouring water With 18-22 kilograms of decomposed cake fertilizer, yield can be improved, to production selenium-enriched rice product, select effective selenium element fertilizer Rice is sprayed during cut flowering；

(5) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control:

A, one trap lamp is installed according to every 20-30 mus of standard, and according to a sex attractant device per acre, to kill evil Worm selects Empedobacter brevis biological pesticide to prevent and treat rice leaf roller, snout moth's larva；

B, the false smut in ear period disease can be prevented and treated for 10-15 days before cut with " the phonetic glycosides element in well ridge " or " well wax bud "；Rice blast It is prevented and treated with " light-coloured vinegar " within 3-5 days before cut, spends 5-7 days and prevent and treat again once；

(6) it gathers in: after paddy is mature, manually being gathered in the fine day morning, dry, clean, be put in storage, store as required；

The barley cultivation concrete operations are as follows:

(1) variety adoption: feeding barley variety selects " raise and raise wheat No. 1 ", " rich No. 1 of salt "；

(2) the cray time is put in a suitable place to breed according to water in second year field, make barley long to 20cm height or so, to determine that barley is sowed Time；If field postpones upper water and puts lobster in a suitable place to breed, barley sowing time can accordingly be postponed；

(3) planting patterns and planting density arrangement: feeding barley sowing field can be beaten according to 20cmx15cm delays or by 20cm or so The planting tank that amplitude plays 3-5cm carries out artificial seeding, it is also possible to duplex-type seed planter sowing or artificial broadcast, for field is broadcast live, It first uniformly sows seeds, carries out shallow rotary tillage afterwards, rotary tillage depth 10-12cm holds " three ditches " successfully by wide 1.5-1.8 meters of furrow；

(4) application rate: feeding 14-16 kgs/acre of barley application rate；

(5) crop field is arranged requires with fertilising: before feeding barley sowing, applying 200 kilograms or so of organic commercial fertilizer per acre, then It is made into 2 meters or so wide furrow to wait sowing, to hold successfully " three ditches ", guarantee that stain drops in field drainage；

(6) it if after planting soil moisture content is poor for barley, can be made by way of pouring water and entering in ditch or poured with equipment for plant protection water spray Moisture in the soil guarantees the timely germination and emergence of barley seed；

(7) weeding: before feeding barley sowing, it can be used and carry out site preparation after ploughing deeply pressure grass, then sow feeding barley, hereafter weeds Limited amount can no longer carry out control of weeds, until mid-March, which discharges water, provides feed for cray.