CN107125175A - One seed shrimp, paddy rice, turnip type rape continuous cropping ecological circulation breeding new model - Google Patents
One seed shrimp, paddy rice, turnip type rape continuous cropping ecological circulation breeding new model Download PDFInfo
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- CN107125175A CN107125175A CN201710338043.4A CN201710338043A CN107125175A CN 107125175 A CN107125175 A CN 107125175A CN 201710338043 A CN201710338043 A CN 201710338043A CN 107125175 A CN107125175 A CN 107125175A
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- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 138
- 235000011293 Brassica napus Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 235000000540 Brassica rapa subsp rapa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 241000583629 Cypridopsis vidua Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 48
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- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010149 Brassica rapa subsp chinensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
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- 241000499436 Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001290610 Abildgaardia Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000004894 snout Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000003976 plant breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 241000554541 Crangon crangon Species 0.000 abstract description 3
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
- A01M1/02—Stationary means for catching or killing insects with devices or substances, e.g. food, pheronones attracting the insects
- A01M1/04—Attracting insects by using illumination or colours
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
- A01M1/20—Poisoning, narcotising, or burning insects
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a seed shrimp, paddy rice, turnip type rape continuous cropping ecological circulation breeding new model, after the foster shrimp in rice field fishes for end, according to organic planting patterns one season of plantation high-grade rice, planted after rice harves one season turnip type rape, by the sowing time for adjusting turnip type rape, it is ensured that turnip type rape can harvest 12 rape a kind of sedges on Second Year mid-March, field before water cultivation cray, residue after tender flower stalk harvest is as cray feed, and the residue after lobster eats up can make green manure.The plant breeding model of the present invention makes full use of the resource of the foster field of shrimp seed rice, about 3 first quarter moons or so the time is solved after common shrimp rice plant breeding model rice harves between before water in Second Year field, the problem of field is idle, had both made full use of field resource, increase multiple crop index.Plant breeding model high efficiency of the present invention, production cost are low, field utilization rate high, and form benign ecological cycles, and the rice shrimp species as green, environmental protection, low-carbon support new model.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to zoology breeding field, and in particular to a seed shrimp, paddy rice, turnip type rape continuous cropping ecological circulation breeding
New model.
Background technology
Peasant use shrimp rice integrate plant breeding model altogether, mainly with small investment, risk is small, the cycle is short, instant effect,
It is profitable, operate it is easy the characteristics of.Example, per mu yield high quality paddy are used as using shrimp rice altogether（Organic paddy quality）500kg or so, shrimp increases
Receive, general per mu yield cray 75-100kg, more than 400 kilograms of turnip type rape flower stalk yield, add up to per mu yield value 7000-9000
Member, more than 3500 yuan of every mu of net income increases by more than 3000 yuan than simple species common rice mu net income.
In recent years, cray domestic market demand increasingly increases, and the situation that supply falls short of demand, especially domestic consumption is presented more
To be hot, cray price holds fast rise, and as the maximum kind of amount of increase in aquatic products.The high quality white rice market demand is in simultaneously
Now good ascendant trend, the rice product that people pursue consumption safety high-quality turns into new normality.
The place of production highest price per kilogram of the first half of the year city in 2016 is up to 60 yuan, and average price is more than 15 yuan, grain quality rice the price of rice
Lattice are more than 5 yuan, and shrimp rice makees that economic benefit is very notable altogether, excites the enthusiasm of peasant, has effectively pulled rice field synthesis
The development of breeding.
But common shrimp rice plant breeding model is when existing after rice harves to about 3 first quarter moons before water in Second Year field or so
Between farmland it is idle the problem of, the farmland idle time is longer, and the utilization of resources is insufficient.
The content of the invention
The invention discloses a seed shrimp, paddy rice, turnip type rape continuous cropping ecological circulation breeding new model.This plant breeding model can fill
Divide using idle farmland resource, lower the breeding cost of peasant, improve farmland ecological environment, increase economic efficiency.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
One seed shrimp, paddy rice, turnip type rape continuous cropping ecological circulation breeding new model, it is characterised in that：Shrimp, which is supported, in rice field fishes for knot
Shu Hou, according to organic planting patterns plantation one season high-grade rice, planted after rice harves one season turnip type rape, by adjusting
The sowing time of turnip type rape, it is ensured that turnip type rape can be harvested on Second Year mid-March, field before water cultivation cray
Residue after 1-2 rape tongue, tender flower stalk harvest is as cray feed, and the residue after lobster eats up can make green manure.
A described seed shrimp, paddy rice, turnip type rape continuous cropping ecological circulation breeding new model, it is characterised in that concrete operations bag
Include herein below：The cultivation of lobster field, organic paddy rice cultivation and Chinese cabbage cultivation.
A described seed shrimp, paddy rice, turnip type rape continuous cropping ecological circulation breeding new model, it is characterised in that described
The cultivation concrete operations of lobster field are as follows：
（1）Rice field is transformed and built
A, rice field selection and transformation：Selection closes on the field at sufficient water source, and opposed flattened field is merged into arrangement, shape
Into the cell of each cellar area 20-30 mus of sizes, then prepartion of land is carried out to each cell, smooth rear difference of height is no more than 5
Centimetre；
B, implementation fill draining and separated：
The requirement poured water：Each unit cell is wanted in the clean storehouse that reliably, the water source poured water will never pollute, river, canal with water
Directly obtain or reliable water source is first stored in the pool provided for oneself, canal after sedimentation and irrigate again；
The requirement of draining：Build unobstructed escape canal well, the irrigation canals and ditches of draining will be communicated with cultivation ditch；
（2）Excavate cultivation ditch, compacting ridge：Before March, surrounding excavates annular ditch, furrow width on the inside of each unit cell ridge
2-3 meters, deep 1 meter, the layout of ditch will consider mechanical cultivation and harvesting, and the ridge that the earthwork dug out is used to support shrimp rice field surrounding is widened
Heightening and consolidation, accomplishes that Tanaka can more than 60 centimetres of water conservation；
（3）Sterilization is removed the evil, plants pasture and water：10-15 days before shrimp species dispensing, water in field is drained, every mu of shrimp ditch area is public with quick lime 75
Jin sterilization, kills the evil fish such as snakeheaded fish, swamp eel and small fish, after sterilizing 7 days, some water plants, such as Yi Le can be planted in ditch
Algae etc., planting area accounts for shrimp ditch area 50% or so；
（4）Lobster seedling is put in a suitable place to breed
A, put in a suitable place to breed the time, shrimp seedling release time spring first time is the first arrival the middle ten days in April, second of shrimp seedling release time is generally 8
The middle ten days and the last ten days moon；
B, breeding density and put-on method：The shrimp seedling size delivered for the first time is 5-10 grams/, and every mu of injected volume is 15-25 public
Jin, it is 24-26 grams/that the shrimp seedling size delivered is mended for the second time, and it is 5-15 kilograms, male female ratio about 1: 2 that every mu, which is mended injected volume,；
（5）Feeding management
A, feedstuff feeding：The 4-5 months, the two should strengthen nursing for many months, and how much feeding volume determines according to Tanaka lobster, when there is lobster
Fertilising should be stopped when reaching 15-20 grams, feedstuff feeding amount is increased, can be eaten up as degree, Feed selection rice bran, wheat, jade with lobster
Based on the unprocessed natural feed such as rice, rapeseed cake, Soybean Meal, wild fishes, the green grass or young crops feeding such as a large amount of pasture and water or high quality forage should be also supplemented
Material, to reduce cost, autumn paddy field aquaculture lobster should feed in right amount before surviving the winter, and 11 to January are typically not required to bait throwing in；
B, water level control：9-10 month lobsters dig a hole survive the winter before, after rice harvesting, when temperature is reached below 15 DEG C, Soil surface water position
It should gradually reduce to 10-20 centimetres；November is dry to whole Wintering Period field face, and annular ditch is kept for 40-50 centimetres, is easy to plantation
Through raise crop, Second Year through raise crop harvesting after, into mid-April after by Soil surface water position be increase gradually to 40-50 centimetres；
（6）Fished for into shrimp:The harvesting time should concentrate on April 10 to June 30, general to be traped using lobster basket, the rate of recapture
Up to more than 80%, the prawn that weight is more than 30 grams is fished for, shrimp of the weight less than 30 grams puts back to field and continue to put in a suitable place to breed, simultaneously will
The mature dark red shrimp of body colour fishes for sale together, to when cultivating the last week, starting to discharge water, untill arable,
Fishing for terminate, and be transferred to Rice Cropping.
4th, a seed shrimp according to claim 1, paddy rice, turnip type rape continuous cropping ecological circulation breeding new model, its
It is characterised by, described organic paddy rice cultivation concrete operations are as follows：
（1）Variety selection：The high-quality specific breeds such as the southern round-grained rice 46 of japonica rice variety selection, southern round-grained rice 5055, long grain round-grained rice, hybrid paddy rice selection
Y two excellent 1928, grand two excellent China are accounted for, rich two fine quality such as excellent fragrant No. 1；
（2）Sowing time：15-20 days May of japonica rice sowing time, hybrid paddy rice sowing time are 5-10 days May；
（3）Planting pattern：
A, soaked seed using light-coloured vinegar：Before seed soaking, seed is dried into 2 sun, then according to one jin of light-coloured vinegar to 100 jin of water, by seed
It is immersed in light-coloured vinegar solution, japonica rice seed-soaking 48 hours, long-grained nonglutinous rice seed-soaking 24 hours can be sowed after vernalization shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
B, seedling：Using artificial seedling, every mu of 40-50 kilograms of japonica rice rice seedling bed sowing quantity of water-raised seedling, hybrid paddy rice sowing quantity
10-15 kilograms；Every mu of rice seedling bed sowing quantity of dry rice seedling can increase 40-50%, and seedling age 30-35 days is very smooth for crop field
Can be using the mechanical Transplanting pattern of hard disk seedling, every 100 grams of disk sowing quantity of japonica rice seed, hybrid rice seed often disk with kind 54-58 grams
, seedling disk soil can add suitable number organic fertilizer mix, then sow；
C, Planting Densities：The use 30 of artificial seedling ×（15-20）The distance between rows and hills of centimetre, japonica rice inserts 3-4 seed seedling per cave,
Hybrid paddy rice inserts 2 seed seedlings per cave；The distance between rows and hills of 30 × 20 centimeters of the use of mechanized planting, japonica rice inserts 5-6 per cave substantially
Seedling, hybrid paddy rice inserts 2-3 Basic Seedling per cave, to be individually placed in yarn account or with fly net, broadcast before the sowing of organic paddy rice rice shoot
Plant dilute；
(4) water and fertilizer management：On the basis of 80-100 kilograms of best buy organic fertilizer of every mu of administration, plant after work in 6-7 days, fill
More than 5cm water layer, every mu of 50 kilograms of administration fresh rice bran or cake fertilizer keep profundal zone 20 days, to ensure herbicidal effect, in
The water management in later stage, which is substantially upper water, --- falling naturally dry --- falls to do preceding water upper again, is applied for every mu before organic paddy rice flowering is poured water
The cake fertilizer become thoroughly decomposed with 18-22 kilograms, can improve yield.To production selenium-enriched rice product, from effective selenium element fertilizer
Paddy rice is sprayed during cut flowering；
（5）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：
A, according to every 20-30 mus standard one trap lamp is installed, and according to every mu of sex attractant device, to kill evil
Worm, if during the big generation of rice leaf roller, snout moth's larva, can select the preventing and treating of the biological pesticides such as Empedobacter brevis；
False smut in b, ear period disease can be prevented and treated for 10-15 days before cut with " the phonetic glycosides element in well ridge " or " well wax bud "；Rice blast
Disease is prevented and treated for 3-5 days before cut with " light-coloured vinegar ", is crossed and is prevented and treated again once for 5-7 days；
（6）Harvesting:After paddy is ripe, manually gathered in the fine day morning, dry, removal of impurities, storage, preserve on request.
5th, a seed shrimp according to claim 1, paddy rice, turnip type rape continuous cropping ecological circulation breeding new model, its
It is characterised by, described turnip type rape cultivation concrete operations are as follows：
（1）Variety adoption：Rape variety is from Anhui oil 13, the oily kinds such as No. 7 in Anhui；
（2）Broadcast the cultivation time：Turnip type rape sowing in 10 days or so October, is transplanted to early November by the end of October；It is slower for harvesting
Paddy rice field, can Postpone sowing accordingly, the time harvested according to organic paddy rice determines, the control of seedling age phase 35 days with
It is interior, rotary tillage can also be carried out with machinery in time after rice harves, using direct-seeding；
（3）Broadcast cultivation mode and density：Using the field of culturing and transplanting seedlings, transplanted according to 40 × 15cm distances between rows and hills, Transplanting Density
10000 plants/acre or so；Live field stays 12000-15000 plants/acre of seedling；
（4）Application rate：0.1-0.12 kgs/acre of the seeding in nursery bed amount of Planting Patterns, live application rate is 0.15-0.2
Kg/acre；
（5）Crop field is arranged to be required with fertilising：Before turnip type rape is transplanted, 200 kilograms of high-quality organic fertilizer is applied in every mu of crop field,
Bedding is flattened again, and wide 1.5-2 meters per furrow, " three ditches " is supporting, more than 20 centimetres of ditch depth, with sharp draining, to be poured after dish transplantation of seedlings
Root water, it is ensured that living in time, for live field, first uniformly sow seeds, shallow rotary tillage is carried out afterwards, it is wide 1.5-1.8 meters by furrow, open
Good " three ditches ", if after planting soil moisture content is poor, can pass through the water or with moisture creating by way of equipment for plant protection water spray pouring of spreading and sinking in, it is ensured that Chinese cabbage
Timely germination and emergence；
（6）Weeding：Before turnip type rape sowing, site preparation can be carried out after pressure grass using ploughing deeply, site preparation is sprayed with weeding vinegar again after terminating
Field face is spilt, is transplanted or live after 2 days, hereafter weeds limited amount, control of weeds can be no longer carried out, tender flower stalk is harvested 2 times, harvest
Tender flower stalk with fresh eating or can pickle into pickles, and the residue after feed, rape a kind of sedge harvest is provided for cray until discharging water mid-March
As cray feed, the residue after lobster eats up can make green manure.
The advantage of the invention is that：
1st, plant breeding model of the invention makes full use of shrimp seed rice to support the resource of field, solves common shrimp rice plant breeding model paddy rice and receives
After obtaining between before water in Second Year field about 3 first quarter moons or so time, the problem of field is idle both made full use of field to provide
Source, increase multiple crop index, can increase by more than thousand yuan of per mu yield value and the pure benefit of more than 600 yuan of mu, moreover it is possible to be Second Year field again
The cultivation of block cray provides feed, saves aquaculture cost, and the rape residue after lobster eats can also make organic fertilizer, increase soil
The content of organic matter.
2nd, this pattern Rice Cropping is using unique pure organic farming mode, without using appointing in Rice Production whole process
What chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals and herbicide, and build the space environment and ecological environment of good suitable rice shrimp symbiosis, it is ensured that rice
Shrimp products safety and quality, local flavor.
3rd, in whole breeding cyclic process, weeding is carried out using the method for biological and physics, manufacture of organic rice is solved
The problem of weed control, and advantage of lower cost.
4th, under the breeding binding pattern, the output value of unit area is high four times compared with the output value of common simple Rice Cropping, benefit
Increase to five times.Plant breeding model high efficiency of the present invention, production cost are low, field utilization rate is high, and form benign ecological cycles,
Rice shrimp species as green, environmental protection, low-carbon support new model.
Embodiment
One seed shrimp, paddy rice, turnip type rape continuous cropping ecological circulation breeding new model, after the foster shrimp in rice field fishes for end, are pressed
According to organic planting patterns plantation one season high-grade rice, planted after rice harves one season turnip type rape, by adjusting Chinese cabbage type
The sowing time of rape, it is ensured that turnip type rape can harvest 1-2 oil on Second Year mid-March, field before water cultivation cray
Residue after tender flower stalk, tender flower stalk harvest is as cray feed, and the residue after lobster eats up can make green manure, and concrete operations are such as
Under：
First, lobster field is cultivated, and concrete operations are as follows：
（1）Rice field is transformed and built
A, rice field selection and transformation：Selection closes on the field at sufficient water source, and opposed flattened field is merged into arrangement, shape
Into the cell of each cellar area 20-30 mus of sizes, then prepartion of land is carried out to each cell, smooth rear difference of height is no more than 5
Centimetre；
B, implementation fill draining and separated：
The requirement poured water：Each unit cell is wanted in the clean storehouse that reliably, the water source poured water will never pollute, river, canal with water
Directly obtain or reliable water source is first stored in the pool provided for oneself, canal after sedimentation and irrigate again；
The requirement of draining：Build unobstructed escape canal well, the irrigation canals and ditches of draining will be communicated with cultivation ditch；
（2）Excavate cultivation ditch, compacting ridge：Before March, surrounding excavates annular ditch, furrow width on the inside of each unit cell ridge
2-3 meters, deep 1 meter, the layout of ditch will consider mechanical cultivation and harvesting, and the ridge that the earthwork dug out is used to support shrimp rice field surrounding is widened
Heightening and consolidation, accomplishes that Tanaka can more than 60 centimetres of water conservation；
（3）Sterilization is removed the evil, plants pasture and water：10-15 days before shrimp species dispensing, water in field is drained, every mu of shrimp ditch area is public with quick lime 75
Jin sterilization, kills the evil fish such as snakeheaded fish, swamp eel and small fish, after sterilizing 7 days, some water plants, such as Yi Le can be planted in ditch
Algae etc., planting area accounts for shrimp ditch area 50% or so；
（4）Lobster seedling is put in a suitable place to breed
A, put in a suitable place to breed the time, shrimp seedling release time spring first time is the first arrival the middle ten days in April, second of shrimp seedling release time is generally 8
The middle ten days and the last ten days moon；
B, breeding density and put-on method：The shrimp seedling size delivered for the first time is 5-10 grams/, and every mu of injected volume is 15-25 public
Jin, it is 24-26 grams/that the shrimp seedling size delivered is mended for the second time, and it is 5-15 kilograms, male female ratio about 1: 2 that every mu, which is mended injected volume,；
（5 ）Feeding management
A, feedstuff feeding：The 4-5 months, the two should strengthen nursing for many months, and how much feeding volume determines according to Tanaka lobster, when there is lobster
Fertilising should be stopped when reaching 15-20 grams, feedstuff feeding amount is increased, can be eaten up as degree, Feed selection rice bran, wheat, jade with lobster
Based on the unprocessed natural feed such as rice, rapeseed cake, Soybean Meal, wild fishes, the green grass or young crops feeding such as a large amount of pasture and water or high quality forage should be also supplemented
Material, to reduce cost, autumn paddy field aquaculture lobster should feed in right amount before surviving the winter, and 11 to January are typically not required to bait throwing in；
B, water level control：9-10 month lobsters dig a hole survive the winter before, after rice harvesting, when temperature is reached below 15 DEG C, Soil surface water position
It should gradually reduce to 10-20 centimetres；November is dry to whole Wintering Period field face, and annular ditch is kept for 40-50 centimetres, is easy to plantation
Through raise crop, Second Year through raise crop harvesting after, into mid-April after by Soil surface water position be increase gradually to 40-50 centimetres；
（6）Fished for into shrimp:The harvesting time should concentrate on April 10 to June 30, general to be traped using lobster basket, the rate of recapture
Up to more than 80%, the prawn that weight is more than 30 grams is fished for, shrimp of the weight less than 30 grams puts back to field and continue to put in a suitable place to breed, simultaneously will
The mature dark red shrimp of body colour fishes for sale together, to when cultivating the last week, starting to discharge water, untill arable,
Fishing for terminate, and be transferred to Rice Cropping.
4th, a seed shrimp according to claim 1, paddy rice, turnip type rape continuous cropping ecological circulation breeding new model, its
It is characterised by, described organic paddy rice cultivation concrete operations are as follows：
（1）Variety selection：The high-quality specific breeds such as the southern round-grained rice 46 of japonica rice variety selection, southern round-grained rice 5055, long grain round-grained rice, hybrid paddy rice selection
Y two excellent 1928, grand two excellent China are accounted for, rich two fine quality such as excellent fragrant No. 1；
（2）Sowing time：15-20 days May of japonica rice sowing time, hybrid paddy rice sowing time are 5-10 days May；
（3）Planting pattern：
A, soaked seed using light-coloured vinegar：Before seed soaking, seed is dried into 2 sun, then according to one jin of light-coloured vinegar to 100 jin of water, by seed
It is immersed in light-coloured vinegar solution, japonica rice seed-soaking 48 hours, long-grained nonglutinous rice seed-soaking 24 hours can be sowed after vernalization shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
B, seedling：Using artificial seedling, every mu of 40-50 kilograms of japonica rice rice seedling bed sowing quantity of water-raised seedling, hybrid paddy rice sowing quantity
10-15 kilograms；Every mu of rice seedling bed sowing quantity of dry rice seedling can increase 40-50%, and seedling age 30-35 days is very smooth for crop field
Can be using the mechanical Transplanting pattern of hard disk seedling, every 100 grams of disk sowing quantity of japonica rice seed, hybrid rice seed often disk with kind 54-58 grams
, seedling disk soil can add suitable number organic fertilizer mix, then sow；
C, Planting Densities：The use 30 of artificial seedling ×（15-20）The distance between rows and hills of centimetre, japonica rice inserts 3-4 seed seedling per cave,
Hybrid paddy rice inserts 2 seed seedlings per cave；The distance between rows and hills of 30 × 20 centimeters of the use of mechanized planting, japonica rice inserts 5-6 per cave substantially
Seedling, hybrid paddy rice inserts 2-3 Basic Seedling per cave, to be individually placed in yarn account or with fly net, broadcast before the sowing of organic paddy rice rice shoot
Plant dilute；
(4) water and fertilizer management：On the basis of 80-100 kilograms of best buy organic fertilizer of every mu of administration, plant after work in 6-7 days, fill
More than 5cm water layer, every mu of 50 kilograms of administration fresh rice bran or cake fertilizer keep profundal zone 20 days, to ensure herbicidal effect, in
The water management in later stage, which is substantially upper water, --- falling naturally dry --- falls to do preceding water upper again, is applied for every mu before organic paddy rice flowering is poured water
The cake fertilizer become thoroughly decomposed with 18-22 kilograms, can improve yield.To production selenium-enriched rice product, from effective selenium element fertilizer
Paddy rice is sprayed during cut flowering；
（5）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：
A, according to every 20-30 mus standard one trap lamp is installed, and according to every mu of sex attractant device, to kill evil
Worm, if during the big generation of rice leaf roller, snout moth's larva, can select the preventing and treating of the biological pesticides such as Empedobacter brevis；
False smut in b, ear period disease can be prevented and treated for 10-15 days before cut with " the phonetic glycosides element in well ridge " or " well wax bud "；Rice blast
Disease is prevented and treated for 3-5 days before cut with " light-coloured vinegar ", is crossed and is prevented and treated again once for 5-7 days；
（6）Harvesting:After paddy is ripe, manually gathered in the fine day morning, dry, removal of impurities, storage, preserve on request.
5th, a seed shrimp according to claim 1, paddy rice, turnip type rape continuous cropping ecological circulation breeding new model, its
It is characterised by, described turnip type rape cultivation concrete operations are as follows：
（1）Variety adoption：Rape variety is from Anhui oil 13, the oily kinds such as No. 7 in Anhui；
（2）Broadcast the cultivation time：Turnip type rape sowing in 10 days or so October, is transplanted to early November by the end of October；It is slower for harvesting
Paddy rice field, can Postpone sowing accordingly, the time harvested according to organic paddy rice determines, the control of seedling age phase 35 days with
It is interior, rotary tillage can also be carried out with machinery in time after rice harves, using direct-seeding；
（3）Broadcast cultivation mode and density：Using the field of culturing and transplanting seedlings, transplanted according to 40 × 15cm distances between rows and hills, Transplanting Density
10000 plants/acre or so；Live field stays 12000-15000 plants/acre of seedling；
（4）Application rate：0.1-0.12 kgs/acre of the seeding in nursery bed amount of Planting Patterns, live application rate is 0.15-0.2
Kg/acre；
（5）Crop field is arranged to be required with fertilising：Before turnip type rape is transplanted, 200 kilograms of high-quality organic fertilizer is applied in every mu of crop field,
Bedding is flattened again, and wide 1.5-2 meters per furrow, " three ditches " is supporting, more than 20 centimetres of ditch depth, with sharp draining, to be poured after dish transplantation of seedlings
Root water, it is ensured that living in time, for live field, first uniformly sow seeds, shallow rotary tillage is carried out afterwards, it is wide 1.5-1.8 meters by furrow, open
Good " three ditches ", if after planting soil moisture content is poor, can pass through the water or with moisture creating by way of equipment for plant protection water spray pouring of spreading and sinking in, it is ensured that Chinese cabbage
Timely germination and emergence；
（6）Weeding：Before turnip type rape sowing, site preparation can be carried out after pressure grass using ploughing deeply, site preparation is sprayed with weeding vinegar again after terminating
Field face is spilt, is transplanted or live after 2 days, hereafter weeds limited amount, control of weeds can be no longer carried out, tender flower stalk is harvested 2 times, harvest
Tender flower stalk with fresh eating or can pickle into pickles, and the residue after feed, rape a kind of sedge harvest is provided for cray until discharging water mid-March
As cray feed, the residue after lobster eats up can make green manure.
Claims (5)
1. a seed shrimp, paddy rice, turnip type rape continuous cropping ecological circulation breeding new model, it is characterised in that：Shrimp is supported in rice field to fish for
After end, according to organic planting patterns plantation one season high-grade rice, planted after rice harves one season turnip type rape, pass through adjustment
The sowing time of good turnip type rape, it is ensured that turnip type rape can be adopted on Second Year mid-March, field before water cultivation cray
The residue after 1-2 rape a kind of sedge, tender flower stalk harvest is received as cray feed, the residue after lobster eats up can make green manure.
2. a seed shrimp according to claim 1, paddy rice, turnip type rape continuous cropping ecological circulation breeding new model, its feature
It is, concrete operations include herein below：The cultivation of lobster field, organic paddy rice cultivation and turnip type rape cultivation.
3. a seed shrimp according to claim 1, paddy rice, turnip type rape continuous cropping ecological circulation breeding new model, its feature
It is, the concrete operations of described lobster field cultivation are as follows：
（1）Rice field is transformed and built
A, rice field selection and transformation：Selection closes on the field at sufficient water source, and opposed flattened field is merged into arrangement, shape
Into the cell of each cellar area 20-30 mus of sizes, then prepartion of land is carried out to each cell, smooth rear difference of height is no more than 5
Centimetre；
B, implementation fill draining and separated：
The requirement poured water：Each unit cell is wanted in the clean storehouse that reliably, the water source poured water will never pollute, river, canal with water
Directly obtain or reliable water source is first stored in the pool provided for oneself, canal after sedimentation and irrigate again；
The requirement of draining：Build unobstructed escape canal well, the irrigation canals and ditches of draining will be communicated with cultivation ditch；
（2）Excavate cultivation ditch, compacting ridge：Before March, surrounding excavates annular ditch, furrow width on the inside of each unit cell ridge
2-3 meters, deep 1 meter, the layout of ditch will consider mechanical cultivation and harvesting, and the ridge that the earthwork dug out is used to support shrimp rice field surrounding is widened
Heightening and consolidation, accomplishes that Tanaka can more than 60 centimetres of water conservation；
（3）Sterilization is removed the evil, plants pasture and water：10-15 days before shrimp species dispensing, water in field is drained, every mu of shrimp ditch area is public with quick lime 75
Jin sterilization, kills the evil fish such as snakeheaded fish, swamp eel and small fish, after sterilizing 7 days, some water plants, such as Yi Le can be planted in ditch
Algae etc., planting area accounts for shrimp ditch area 50% or so；
（4）Lobster seedling is put in a suitable place to breed
A, put in a suitable place to breed the time, shrimp seedling release time spring first time is the first arrival the middle ten days in April, second of shrimp seedling release time is generally 8
The middle ten days and the last ten days moon；B, breeding density and put-on method：The shrimp seedling size delivered for the first time is 5-10 grams/, and every mu of injected volume is
15-25 kilograms, it is 24-26 grams/that the shrimp seedling size delivered is mended for the second time, and it is 5-15 kilograms, male female ratio that every mu, which is mended injected volume,
Example about 1: 2；
（5 ）Feeding management
A, feedstuff feeding：The 4-5 months, the two should strengthen nursing for many months, and how much feeding volume determines according to Tanaka lobster, when there is lobster
Fertilising should be stopped when reaching 15-20 grams, feedstuff feeding amount is increased, can be eaten up as degree, Feed selection rice bran, wheat, jade with lobster
Based on the unprocessed natural feed such as rice, rapeseed cake, Soybean Meal, wild fishes, the green grass or young crops feeding such as a large amount of pasture and water or high quality forage should be also supplemented
Material, to reduce cost, autumn paddy field aquaculture lobster should feed in right amount before surviving the winter, and 11 to January are typically not required to bait throwing in；
B, water level control：9-10 month lobsters dig a hole survive the winter before, after rice harvesting, when temperature is reached below 15 DEG C, Soil surface water position
It should gradually reduce to 10-20 centimetres；November is dry to whole Wintering Period field face, and annular ditch is kept for 40-50 centimetres, is easy to plantation
Through raise crop, Second Year through raise crop harvesting after, into mid-April after by Soil surface water position be increase gradually to 40-50 centimetres；
（6）Fished for into shrimp:The harvesting time should concentrate on April 10 to June 30, general to be traped using lobster basket, the rate of recapture
Up to more than 80%, the prawn that weight is more than 30 grams is fished for, shrimp of the weight less than 30 grams puts back to field and continue to put in a suitable place to breed, simultaneously will
The mature dark red shrimp of body colour fishes for sale together, to when cultivating the last week, starting to discharge water, untill arable,
Fishing for terminate, and be transferred to Rice Cropping.
4. a seed shrimp according to claim 1, paddy rice, turnip type rape continuous cropping ecological circulation breeding new model, its feature
It is, described organic paddy rice cultivation concrete operations are as follows：
（1）Variety selection：The high-quality specific breeds such as the southern round-grained rice 46 of japonica rice variety selection, southern round-grained rice 5055, long grain round-grained rice, hybrid paddy rice selection
Y two excellent 1928, grand two excellent China are accounted for, rich two fine quality such as excellent fragrant No. 1；
（2）Sowing time：15-20 days May of japonica rice sowing time, hybrid paddy rice sowing time are 5-10 days May；
（3）Planting pattern：
A, soaked seed using light-coloured vinegar：Before seed soaking, seed is dried into 2 sun, then according to one jin of light-coloured vinegar to 100 jin of water, by seed
It is immersed in light-coloured vinegar solution, japonica rice seed-soaking 48 hours, long-grained nonglutinous rice seed-soaking 24 hours can be sowed after vernalization shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
B, seedling：Using artificial seedling, every mu of 40-50 kilograms of japonica rice rice seedling bed sowing quantity of water-raised seedling, hybrid paddy rice sowing quantity
10-15 kilograms；Every mu of rice seedling bed sowing quantity of dry rice seedling can increase 40-50%, and seedling age 30-35 days is very smooth for crop field
Can be using the mechanical Transplanting pattern of hard disk seedling, every 100 grams of disk sowing quantity of japonica rice seed, hybrid rice seed often disk with kind 54-58 grams
, seedling disk soil can add suitable number organic fertilizer mix, then sow；
C, Planting Densities：The use 30 of artificial seedling ×（15-20）The distance between rows and hills of centimetre, japonica rice inserts 3-4 seed seedling per cave,
Hybrid paddy rice inserts 2 seed seedlings per cave；The distance between rows and hills of 30 × 20 centimeters of the use of mechanized planting, japonica rice inserts 5-6 per cave substantially
Seedling, hybrid paddy rice inserts 2-3 Basic Seedling per cave, to be individually placed in yarn account or with fly net, broadcast before the sowing of organic paddy rice rice shoot
Plant dilute；
(4) water and fertilizer management：On the basis of 80-100 kilograms of best buy organic fertilizer of every mu of administration, plant after work in 6-7 days, fill
More than 5cm water layer, every mu of 50 kilograms of administration fresh rice bran or cake fertilizer keep profundal zone 20 days, to ensure herbicidal effect, in
The water management in later stage, which is substantially upper water, --- falling naturally dry --- falls to do preceding water upper again, is applied for every mu before organic paddy rice flowering is poured water
The cake fertilizer become thoroughly decomposed with 18-22 kilograms, can improve yield, to production selenium-enriched rice product, from effective selenium element fertilizer
Paddy rice is sprayed during cut flowering；
（5）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：
A, according to every 20-30 mus standard one trap lamp is installed, and according to every mu of sex attractant device, to kill evil
Worm, if during the big generation of rice leaf roller, snout moth's larva, can select the preventing and treating of the biological pesticides such as Empedobacter brevis；
False smut in b, ear period disease can be prevented and treated for 10-15 days before cut with " the phonetic glycosides element in well ridge " or " well wax bud "；Rice blast
Disease is prevented and treated for 3-5 days before cut with " light-coloured vinegar ", is crossed and is prevented and treated again once for 5-7 days；
（6）Harvesting:After paddy is ripe, manually gathered in the fine day morning, dry, removal of impurities, storage, preserve on request.
5. a seed shrimp according to claim 1, paddy rice, turnip type rape continuous cropping ecological circulation breeding new model, its feature
It is, described turnip type rape cultivation concrete operations are as follows：
（1）Variety adoption：Rape variety is from Anhui oil 13, the oily kinds such as No. 7 in Anhui；
（2）Broadcast the cultivation time：Turnip type rape sowing in 10 days or so October, is transplanted to early November by the end of October；It is slower for harvesting
Paddy rice field, can Postpone sowing accordingly, the time harvested according to organic paddy rice determines, the control of seedling age phase 35 days with
It is interior, rotary tillage can also be carried out with machinery in time after rice harves, using direct-seeding；
（3）Broadcast cultivation mode and density：Using the field of culturing and transplanting seedlings, transplanted according to 40 × 15cm distances between rows and hills, Transplanting Density
10000 plants/acre or so；Live field stays 12000-15000 plants/acre of seedling；
（4）Application rate：0.1-0.12 kgs/acre of the seeding in nursery bed amount of Planting Patterns, live application rate is 0.15-0.2
Kg/acre；
（5）Crop field is arranged to be required with fertilising：Before turnip type rape is transplanted, 200 kilograms of high-quality organic fertilizer is applied in every mu of crop field,
Bedding is flattened again, and wide 1.5-2 meters per furrow, " three ditches " is supporting, more than 20 centimetres of ditch depth, with sharp draining, to be poured after dish transplantation of seedlings
Root water, it is ensured that living in time, for live field, first uniformly sow seeds, shallow rotary tillage is carried out afterwards, it is wide 1.5-1.8 meters by furrow, open
Good " three ditches ", if after planting soil moisture content is poor, can pass through the water or with moisture creating by way of equipment for plant protection water spray pouring of spreading and sinking in, it is ensured that Chinese cabbage
Timely germination and emergence；
（6）Weeding：Before turnip type rape sowing, site preparation can be carried out after pressure grass using ploughing deeply, site preparation is sprayed with weeding vinegar again after terminating
Field face is spilt, is transplanted or live after 2 days, hereafter weeds limited amount, control of weeds can be no longer carried out, tender flower stalk is harvested 2 times, harvest
Tender flower stalk with fresh eating or can pickle into pickles, and the residue after feed, rape a kind of sedge harvest is provided for cray until discharging water mid-March
As cray feed, the residue after lobster eats up can make green manure.
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| CN107667937A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-02-09 | 宿松县东求水产开发有限公司 | A kind of feeding method of cray |
| CN108370980A (en) * | 2018-04-12 | 2018-08-07 | 江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所 | A kind of method of rice shrimp ecologic breeding |
| CN108834980A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-11-20 | 合肥万丰生态稻虾养殖专业合作社 | A kind of synthesis plant breeding model of cray and rape |
| CN109042349A (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2018-12-21 | 武汉轻工大学 | A kind of environmentally friendly cultivating system |
| CN109452210A (en) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-03-12 | 童传洪 | A kind of feeding lobster method of rice field kind water chestnut |
| CN110692461A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2020-01-17 | 华中农业大学 | Rice and shrimp co-culture planting and breeding method based on field ecological pond |
| CN110731241A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-01-31 | 江苏省农业科学院泰州农科所 | Rice-crayfish-goose ecological co-working mode |
| CN111480543A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-08-04 | 连州市贤鱼水产养殖专业合作社 | Ecological planting and rotation mode for rice, aquatic products and flowering cabbage |
| CN114885874A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-08-12 | 湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所 | Shrimp and rice mushroom circular planting and breeding method |
| CN115918580A (en) * | 2022-12-21 | 2023-04-07 | 浙江省淡水水产研究所 | Crayfish-late rice rotation method with three-year cycle |
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| CN110692461A (en) * | 2019-09-23 | 2020-01-17 | 华中农业大学 | Rice and shrimp co-culture planting and breeding method based on field ecological pond |
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| CN111480543A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-08-04 | 连州市贤鱼水产养殖专业合作社 | Ecological planting and rotation mode for rice, aquatic products and flowering cabbage |
| CN114885874A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-08-12 | 湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所 | Shrimp and rice mushroom circular planting and breeding method |
| CN115918580A (en) * | 2022-12-21 | 2023-04-07 | 浙江省淡水水产研究所 | Crayfish-late rice rotation method with three-year cycle |
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