CN105830834A - Novel crayfish and rice rotation breeding and planting method - Google Patents
Novel crayfish and rice rotation breeding and planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105830834A CN105830834A CN201610208006.7A CN201610208006A CN105830834A CN 105830834 A CN105830834 A CN 105830834A CN 201610208006 A CN201610208006 A CN 201610208006A CN 105830834 A CN105830834 A CN 105830834A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel crayfish and rice rotation breeding and planting method. The method comprises the following steps: a crayfish fry pond and a breeding pond are built separately in the area ratio being 1:(4-10). Seed crayfish are put into the crayfish fry pond, and after crayfish fries are bred, the crayfish fries in the consistent specification (60-70 crayfish per jin) are caught and then put into the breeding pond in the density of 5,000-8,000 crayfish per mu. After the crayfish fries in the breeding pond grow to be 20 g or above, the crayfish fries are caught in a catch rotation manner that only large crayfish fries are caught, then crayfish fries are caught from the crayfish fry pond and put into the breeding pond after the large crayfish fries in the breeding pond are caught, and accordingly, the breeding density of the breeding pond keeps unchanged. After all the crayfish fries are almost caught, rice is planted in the breeding pond in the traditional planting density. The breeding density of crayfish can be well controlled, burst of diseases caused by high breeding density of the crayfish is avoided, and finally, high-quality commodity crayfish are obtained. The utilization rate of land is increased in the manner of catching and stocking rotation, and better benefits are obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to breeding technology, be specifically related to the kind breeding method of a kind of novel shrimp rice crop rotation.
Background technology
Along with growth in the living standard, market is increasing to the demand of the Procambarus clarkii of high-quality, and price is also that when the river rises the boat goes up.And traditional shrimp rice makees technology altogether, mainly take due to it is the pattern throwing in seed shrimp autumn, and in actual production operates, its drawback is also day by day obvious, mainly have following some: one, shrimp Seedling density is uncontrollable, easy fulminant disease.Early autumn throws in seed shrimp, if seed shrimp survival rate is high, the density of later stage shrimp Seedling can be the biggest, causing shrimp to eat many, long is slow, particularly to after at the beginning of 5 months, water temperature raises, shrimp activity increases, and food amount increases, and metabolite the most once added, breeding water body is difficult to control, careless slightly, it is easy to fulminant disease, bring great risk to cultivation.Recent years, disastrous peasant household got more and more because of outbreak of disease.Additionally, due to density is excessive, shrimp can be precocious, only eats the longest, and individuality is less, and selling price is the lowest, and culture benefit can be decreased obviously.Two, shrimp Seedling specification is uneven, and commercial sized prawn is difficult to batch and concentrates listing.Due to the ontogenetic difference of seed shrimp, seed shrimp very difficult synchronization of laying eggs is carried out, thus causes the cause diversified in specifications of shrimp Seedling, it is difficult to when fishing for concentrate listing, and during fishing for, the shrimp of small dimension is easy to be injured or do residual even dead by the shrimp of big specification, and then affects overall efficiency.Three, traditional shrimp rice makees due in order to provide enough activity space to shrimp altogether, there is shrimp and Oryza sativa L. and strives the problem in space, and during shrimp rice makees altogether, the planting density only tradition of Oryza sativa L. plants the 67% of Oryza sativa L. density in planting, thus affects the rice yield of entirety, reduces economic benefit.Four, traditional shrimp rice makees altogether in the transformation process to rice field, owing to generally taking to excavate 3～4 meters, the big circular groove of deep 1.5 meters, causes engineering cost relatively big, increases aquaculture cost.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of numerous nutrient from, the collective species breeding method of the novel shrimp rice crop rotation of on-demand throwing Seedling, multiple stocking and multiple fishing, thus the problem solving to propose in above-mentioned background technology.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The kind breeding method of a kind of novel shrimp rice crop rotation, comprises the following steps:
(1) the seed pool and culture pond are in area ratio 1:(4～10) ratio separate construction.
(2) in the seed pool throw in seed shrimp, until shrimp Seedling out after, the shrimp Seedling that Catchable size is consistent, shrimp Seedling specifications control is at every jin, a traditional unit of weight 60～70 tails.Shrimp Seedling is thrown in culture pond by the density of every mu (667 square metres) 5000～8000 tail.
(3) treat that the shrimp Seedling of culture pond grows to more than 20g and just can start to fish for, take to catch and stay greatly little wheel to catch mode, fish for shrimp Seedling from the seed pool again after having caught, render to culture pond, constant with the breeding density keeping culture pond.Described catches the shrimp staying greatly little finger of toe to fish for more than 20g, and the shrimp less than 20g is stayed and continues cultivation in the pool.
(4) after treating that shrimp is fished for substantially, at culture pond rice cultivation, Rice Cropping density is still by tradition planting density.
Preferably, the kind breeding method of described shrimp rice crop rotation, comprise the following steps:
(1) the seed pool and the construction of culture pond
1.1) construction on the seed pool
Before breeding starts, digging deep 1～1.5m along rice field surrounding, bottom wide 3～4m, the gradient are the circular groove between 30 degree to 45 degree, the soil dug out does and obstructs, and stalk exceeds face, field 0.8～1m, and stalk face width is 2～3m.The most again in face, field every 2～3m dig out one deep 0.5～0.8m, bottom wide 1～1.5m, the gradient be the shallow ridges of 30～45 degree, shallow ridges two ends communicate with surrounding circular groove.The soil dug out, for reinforcing stalk, stalk arranges anti-film of escaping, and height is 0.4～0.5m.Throwing in a number of Herba Eichhorniae in circular groove, Herba Eichhorniae area in water is less than the 30% of the water surface.The original water level on the seed pool is less than stalk face 20～30cm.
1.2) construction of culture pond
Before breeding starts, digging deep 1～1.5m along rice field surrounding, bottom wide 1.5～2m, the gradient are the circular groove between 30 degree to 45 degree, the soil dug out does and obstructs, and stalk exceeds face, field 0.8～1m, and stalk face width is 2～3m, and stalk arranges anti-film of escaping, and height is 0.4～0.5m.The original water level of culture pond is less than stalk face 20～30cm.
The area on the seed pool and the area ratio of culture pond control at 1:(4～10).
(2) seed shrimp and shrimp Seedling are put in a suitable place to breed
2.1) seed shrimp is put in a suitable place to breed
In August 15 August 10, throw in seed shrimp, male and female quantitative proportion 1:(2～3 to the seed pool by 25～30 kilograms every mu), seed shrimp specification is 25～35g/ tails.After cultivating 20～30 days, start to reduce the seed shrimp pool water level every day, reduce by 5～10cm every time, until exposing bottom shallow ridges.JIUYUE JIUYUE on the 20th 25 days, in shallow ridges, plant one clump of waterweed, then backwater every 2～3m kinds, make water level in shallow ridges be maintained at the 0.3～0.5m(i.e. water surface and exceed bottom shallow ridges 0.3～0.5m).Until waterweed tiller live Seedling, grow the water surface after, disposably add water to original water level.When the side of a pond has shrimp Seedling to occur, start juvenile prawn feedstuff of throwing something and feeding, water temperature higher than 15 DEG C time, a juvenile prawn feedstuff of throwing something and feeding every day, feeding volume by input seed shrimp gross weight 3～5%；After water temperature is reduced to below 15 DEG C, a juvenile prawn feedstuff of throwing something and feeding every 2～3 days, feeding volume by input seed shrimp gross weight 1～3%.
2.2) shrimp Seedling is put in a suitable place to breed
Begin to from the seedling pool by the shrimp Seedling that Pheretima Catchable size is one jin of 60～70 tail the March 15 March 10 of the 2nd year.By the density of every mu 5000～8000 tail shrimp Seedlings, shrimp Seedling is rendered in culture pond uniformly.Every day throws something and feeds lobster bait by throw Seedling gross weight 3～5%, one day 2 meal, and early upslide 30% throws 70% evening.
(3) the fishing for of commercial sized prawn
Owing to being controlled input density, through the raising of 35～50 days, the shrimp of 80% all reaches the specification of the every tail of more than 20g, can start to fish for Pheretima.
3.1) little water is fished for
Culture pond water level is dropped in circular groove, Pheretima is piled in circular groove, the mesh specification of Pheretima is 3.0～3.5cm, by this kind of fishing style, the shrimp of catch in culture pond 80% can be caught, after fishing for, backwater is to original water level at once, then the shrimp Seedling fishing for respective numbers from the seedling pool renders to start in culture pond putting in a suitable place to breed of second batch shrimp Seedling.
3.2) flood is fished for
Select the Pheretima of the shrimp fishing for more than 20g, the mesh specification of Pheretima is 3.5～4.0cm, by on face, field near circular groove under Pheretima, early morning every day receives shrimp, then the shrimp Seedling fishing for respective numbers from the seed pool enters in culture pond, keep the shrimp density of culture pond, the most repeatedly, until starting rice cultivation.
(4) Rice Cropping
Before June 10, the shrimp in culture pond is all fished for complete, the shrimp less than 20g can be put into the seedling pool and raise.Culture pond process is turned over after beating, and can gather in mid-October with rice cultivation.After rice harvesting is complete, one 2～3m wide pasture and water growth belt is ploughed out in face, field every 5～7m with rotary cultivator, in early November, waterweed is planted by every 3～4m mono-clumps in growth belt, after plantation, backwater fills field, keeps the water level exceeding face, field 0.2～0.3m, after pasture and water live Seedling tiller, water level is added to original water level.In case the shrimp Seedling of next year is thrown in.
From the foregoing, it will be observed that by technical scheme, the cultivation density of Procambarus clarkii can well be controlled and makes shrimp grow synchronization in culture pond, finally obtaining the commercial sized prawn of high-quality.The present invention, it can be avoided that the outbreak of disease that brings because of high density, effectively reduces cultivation risk.The present invention, by the way of multiple stocking and multiple fishing, improves the utilization rate in soil, and then obtains more preferable income.Additionally, culture pond is after shrimp is fished for, the problem striving space owing to there is not shrimp and rice, Rice Cropping density still can be carried out by tradition planting density, and then ensure that the yield of Oryza sativa L., be truly realized shrimp rice crop rotation.The seed pool, due to the not rice cultivation whole year, for not fishing for clean shrimp Seedling, can proceed intensive culture, thus further increase culture benefit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the layout on the seed pool and culture pond.
Fig. 2 is the sectional drawing on the seed pool.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by specific embodiment, technical scheme is described further, its object is to help and be better understood from present disclosure, but these specific embodiments are not in any way limit the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Using 40 mu as a cultivation unit, dig out the seed pool of 8 mu and the culture pond of 32 mu according to the ratio that area ratio is 1:4 on the seed pool Yu culture pond.Concrete operation step is as follows:
1, the seed pool and the construction of culture pond
The construction on the 1.1 seed pools
Before breeding starts, digging deep 1m along rice field surrounding, the wide 4m in bottom, the gradient are the circular groove between 30 degree to 45 degree, the soil dug out does and obstructs, and stalk exceeds face, field 0.8～1m, and stalk face width is 2～3m.Dig out a deep 0.5m in face, field every 2m the most again, the wide 1.5m in bottom, the gradient are the shallow ridges of 45 degree, and shallow ridges two ends communicate with surrounding circular groove, and the soil dug out, for reinforcing stalk, stalk is arranged and anti-escapes film, and anti-to escape film height be 0.4m.Throwing in a number of Herba Eichhorniae in circular groove, Herba Eichhorniae area in water is less than the 30% of the water surface.The original water level on the seed pool is less than stalk face 20～30cm.
The construction of 1.2 culture ponds
Before breeding starts, digging deep 1m along rice field surrounding, the wide 1.5m in bottom, the gradient are the circular groove between 30 degree to 45 degree, the soil dug out does and obstructs, and stalk exceeds face, field 0.8～1m, and stalk face width is 2～3m, stalk is arranged and anti-escapes film, and anti-to escape film height be 0.4m.The original water level of culture pond is less than stalk face 20～30cm.
The seed pool, culture pond schematic diagram as shown in Figure 1, 2.
2, seed shrimp and shrimp Seedling are put in a suitable place to breed
2.1 seed shrimps are put in a suitable place to breed
In August 15 August 10, to the seed pool by 30 kilograms every mu throw in that appendage is complete, not damaged, disease-free, physically fit, body surface without attached crop, seed shrimp that mobility is strong, male and female quantitative proportion 1:2, seed shrimp specification is between 25～35g.After cultivating 20 days, start to reduce the seed pool water level every day, reduce 5cm every time, until exposing bottom shallow ridges.JIUYUE JIUYUE on the 20th 25 days, in shallow ridges, plant one clump of waterweed, then backwater every 2～3m kinds, make water level in shallow ridges be maintained at the 0.3～0.5m(i.e. water surface and exceed bottom shallow ridges 0.3～0.5m).Until waterweed tiller live Seedling, grow the water surface after, disposably add water to original water level (i.e. water surface elevation be less than stalk face 20～30cm).When the side of a pond has shrimp Seedling to occur, start juvenile prawn feedstuff of throwing something and feeding, water temperature higher than 15 DEG C time, a juvenile prawn feedstuff of throwing something and feeding every day, feeding volume by input seed shrimp gross weight 3～5%；After water temperature is reduced to below 15 DEG C, a juvenile prawn feedstuff of throwing something and feeding every 2～3 days, feeding volume by input seed shrimp gross weight 1～3%.
2.2 shrimp Seedlings are put in a suitable place to breed
Beginning to fish for shrimp Seedling from the seedling pool by Pheretima the March 15 of the 2nd year, the specification of shrimp Seedling is one jin of 60 ~ 70 tail.By the density of every mu of 5000 tail shrimp Seedlings, shrimp Seedling is rendered in culture pond uniformly.Every day throws something and feeds lobster bait by the 3～5% of Seedling gross weight, one day 2 meal, and early upslide 30% throws 70% evening.
3, the fishing for of commercial sized prawn
Owing to being controlled input density, through the raising of 35 days, the shrimp of 80% all reaches the specification of the every tail of more than 20g, can start to fish for Pheretima.
3.1 little water are fished for
Culture pond water level is dropped in circular groove, Pheretima is piled in circular groove, the mesh specification of Pheretima is 3.0～3.5cm, by this kind of fishing style, the shrimp of catch in culture pond 80% can be caught, after fishing for, backwater is to original water level at once, then the shrimp Seedling fishing for respective numbers from the seedling pool renders to start in culture pond putting in a suitable place to breed of second batch shrimp Seedling.
3.2 flood are fished for
Selecting the Pheretima of shrimp fishing for more than 20g, the mesh specification of Pheretima is 4.0cm, by face, field near circular groove under Pheretima, early morning every day receives shrimp, and the shrimp Seedling then fishing for respective numbers from the seed pool enters in culture pond, to keep the shrimp density of culture pond, the most repeatedly, until starting rice cultivation.
4, Rice Cropping
Before June 10, the shrimp in culture pond is all fished for complete, the shrimp less than 20g can be put into the seedling pool and raise.Culture pond through turning over beat after, can with rice cultivation, Oryza sativa L. by tradition Rice Cropping density and tradition field management technology, gather in mid-October.After rice harvesting is complete, ploughs out a 3m rice wide pasture and water growth belt in face, field every 6m with rotary cultivator, then allow rice field recuperate a period of time.To early November, planting waterweed by every 3m mono-clump in growth belt, after plantation, backwater fills field, keeps the water level exceeding face, field 0.2～0.3m, after pasture and water live Seedling tiller, water level is added to original water level.In case the shrimp Seedling of next year is thrown in.
According to the method described above, by the density domination of culture pond Prawn about 5000 tails, using the mode that little water is fished for, can cultivate 2 batches of shrimps before rice cultivation continuously, the yield of every batch of shrimp is at every mu of 230-260 jin.The mean size of shrimp is 35g, and by lowest price per jin 15 yuan, in the cycle, the income of every mu of shrimp is at 7350 yuan.Whole period, do not break out disease.In addition, Procambarus clarkii fish for complete after, culture pond does not continues to cultivate Procambarus clarkii, thus there is not the problem of shrimp and Oryza sativa L. contention space, so in Rice Cropping density, still take the density of tradition Rice Cropping, density is 30cm × 10cm, density 30cm × 15cm that relatively shrimp rice makees altogether compares, and planting density adds about 30%, and every square of rice yield too increases 30%.From these results, the present invention can be on the basis of not affecting rice yield and avoiding illness outbreak, the commercial sized prawn of maximum ground results high-quality.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention preferably embodiment; but embodiments of the present invention are also not restricted to the described embodiments; the change made under other any spirit without departing from the present invention and principle, modify, substitute, combine, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, within being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the kind breeding method of a seed shrimp rice crop rotation, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) the seed pool and culture pond are in area ratio 1:(4～10) ratio separate construction；
(2) in the seed pool throw in seed shrimp, until shrimp Seedling out after, the shrimp Seedling that Catchable size is consistent, shrimp Seedling specifications control is at per jin 60～70 tails；Shrimp Seedling is thrown in culture pond by the density of every mu 5000～8000 tails；
(3) treat that the shrimp Seedling of culture pond grows to more than 20g and takes to catch and stay greatly the little wheel mode of catching to start to fish for, fish for shrimp Seedling from the seed pool again after having caught and render to culture pond, constant with the breeding density keeping culture pond；
(4) after treating that shrimp is fished for, at culture pond rice cultivation.
The kind breeding method of shrimp rice crop rotation the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) the seed pool and the construction of culture pond
1.1) construction on the seed pool
Before breeding starts, digging deep 1～1.5m along rice field surrounding, bottom wide 3～4m, the gradient are the circular groove of 30～45 degree, the soil dug out does and obstructs, and stalk exceeds face, field 0.8～1m, and stalk face width is 2～3m；Again in face, field every 2～3m dig out one deep 0.5～0.8m, bottom wide 1～1.5m, the gradient be the shallow ridges of 30～45 degree, shallow ridges two ends communicate with surrounding circular groove；The soil dug out, for reinforcing stalk, stalk is arranged and prevents escaping film, prevents escaping film high 0.4～0.5m；Abort in circular groove calabash, and the area of throwing in of Herba Eichhorniae is less than the 30% of the water surface；The original water level on the seed pool is less than stalk face 20～30cm；
1.2) construction of culture pond
Before breeding starts, digging deep 1～1.5m along rice field surrounding, bottom wide 1.5～2m, the gradient are the circular groove of 30～45 degree, the soil dug out does and obstructs, and stalk exceeds face, field 0.8～1m, and stalk face width is 2～3m, stalk is arranged and anti-escapes film, anti-escapes film high 0.4～0.5m；The original water level of culture pond is less than stalk face 20～30cm；
The area on the seed pool and the area ratio of culture pond control at 1:(4～10)；
(2) seed shrimp and shrimp Seedling are put in a suitable place to breed
2.1) seed shrimp is put in a suitable place to breed
August 10 15, throwing in seed shrimp to the seed pool by 25～30 kilograms every mu, male and female ratio is 1:(2～3), seed shrimp specification is 25～35g/ tails；After cultivation 20～30, start to reduce the seed shrimp pool water level every day, reduce by 5～10cm every time, until exposing bottom shallow ridges；JIUYUE 20 25 days, planting one clump of waterweed, then backwater every 2～3m kinds in shallow ridges, in making shallow ridges, water level is maintained at 0.3～0.5m；Until waterweed tiller live Seedling, grow the water surface after, disposably add water to original water level；When the side of a pond has shrimp Seedling to occur, start juvenile prawn feedstuff of throwing something and feeding, water temperature higher than 15 DEG C time, a juvenile prawn feedstuff of throwing something and feeding every day, feeding volume by input seed shrimp gross weight 3～5%；After water temperature is reduced to below 15 DEG C, a juvenile prawn feedstuff of throwing something and feeding every 2～3 days, feeding volume by input seed shrimp gross weight 1～3%；
2.2) shrimp Seedling is put in a suitable place to breed
The March 10 15 of the 2nd year from the shrimp Seedling that seedling pool Catchable size is one jin of 60～70 tail；Rendering in culture pond by the density of every mu 5000～8000 tail shrimp Seedlings by shrimp Seedling, every day throws something and feeds lobster bait by throw Seedling gross weight 3～5%, one day 2 meal, and early upslide 30% throws 70% evening；
(3) the fishing for of commercial sized prawn
Start to fish for commercial sized prawn with Pheretima after the raising of 35～50 days；
3.1) little water is fished for
Dropping in circular groove by culture pond water level, pile the Pheretima that mesh specification is 3.0～3.5cm in circular groove, after fishing for, backwater is to original water level at once, then the shrimp Seedling fishing for respective numbers from the seedling pool renders to start in culture pond putting in a suitable place to breed of second batch shrimp Seedling；
3.2) flood is fished for
By on face, field near circular groove under Pheretima that mesh specification is 3.5～4.0cm, early morning every day receives shrimp, and the shrimp Seedling then fishing for respective numbers from the seed pool enters in culture pond, keeps the shrimp density of culture pond, the most repeatedly, until starting rice cultivation；
(4) Rice Cropping
Before June 10, all fishing for complete by the shrimp in culture pond, the shrimp less than 20g is put into the seedling pool and raises；Culture pond process is turned over after beating, and rice cultivation gathered in mid-October；After rice harvesting is complete, with rotary cultivator in face, field every the 5～7m pasture and water growth belts ploughing out 2～3m, in early November, waterweed is planted by every 3～4m mono-clumps in growth belt, after plantation, backwater fills field, keeps the water level exceeding face, field 0.2～0.3m, after pasture and water live Seedling tiller, water level is added to original water level；In case the shrimp Seedling of next year is thrown in.
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| CN112715440A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-04-30 | 辽宁禾丰牧业股份有限公司 | System and method for breeding crayfishes in rice field in different areas |
| CN114391412A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-04-26 | 荆州农业科学院 | Efficient ecological circular planting and breeding method for rice and fish |
| CN114600717A (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2022-06-10 | 江西省水产科学研究所(江西省鄱阳湖渔业研究中心、江西省渔业资源生态环境监测中心) | Rice and shrimp breeding method |
| CN115362965A (en) * | 2022-08-12 | 2022-11-22 | 南京农业大学 | Soil slope structure for breeding crayfishes in paddy field without circular ditches and using method of soil slope structure |
| CN115428754A (en) * | 2022-09-16 | 2022-12-06 | 温州市渔业技术推广站 | Crayfish and rice crop rotation cultivation method |
| CN115428754B (en) * | 2022-09-16 | 2023-11-21 | 温州市渔业技术推广站 | Crayfish rice rotation culture method |
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