CN111758628B

CN111758628B - Method for cultivating and removing weed rice of plate-type paddy field crayfishes without ditching and feeding

Info

Publication number: CN111758628B
Application number: CN202010669182.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 奚业文; 朱祖荣; 陈虎; 王如峰
Original assignee: HEXIAN COUNTY MINGXIN AQUACULTURE SPECIALIZED COOPERATIVES
Current assignee: HEXIAN COUNTY MINGXIN AQUACULTURE SPECIALIZED COOPERATIVES
Priority date: 2020-07-13
Filing date: 2020-07-13
Publication date: 2022-03-01
Anticipated expiration: 2040-07-13
Also published as: CN111758628A

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for cultivating crayfish in a flat paddy field without digging trenches and feeding bait and removing weed rice, comprising the following steps: step 1: selecting a suitable flat paddy field, and artificially transplanting with water; step 2: after the rice is harvested, 10 ～15 sunny days, the surface of the standing rice stubble turns slightly yellow, and the water on the field surface starts after all the crushed straws are yellowed; Step 3: After the crushed straws scattered in the field are basically decomposed, the paddy field ferments the organic fertilizer; The growth of rice leaves the base fertilizer; Step 4: After fertilization, introduce water worms into the paddy field; Step 5: Plant elegans and millet grass in blocks; Step 6: According to the coverage rate of aquatic plants and the number of early seedlings of crayfish in the field, Timely replenishment of high-quality crayfish seed. The invention returns all the rice straws to the field after the rice is harvested without affecting the growth of crayfish; thus achieves the purpose of cultivating crayfish and removing weedy rice in flat paddy fields without digging trenches and feeding bait, and improving the efficiency of rice field cultivation.

Description

Method for cultivating and removing weed rice of plate-type paddy field crayfishes without ditching and feeding

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of crayfish breeding, and particularly relates to a health-preserving rice dumpling and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The crayfish belongs to the class of the Mycolepsy, the class of crustaceans, the family of crayfish, the genus of Procambrus, the name of crayfish, the academic name of Procambrus clarkii (hereinafter generically referred to as crayfish), has delicious meat taste and rich nutrition, is popular among people, and is a main variety for shrimp culture at present. In recent years, due to the rapid increase of market demand, the natural resources of crayfishes are rapidly reduced, and the price is gradually increased, so that the market demand is met through artificial scientific culture.

At present, the rice and shrimp are mostly adopted for ditching in a rice field, bait is thrown inwards in the process of cultivation, weeds are regenerated, the cost of lobster cultivation is undoubtedly increased, and the growth of rice is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for culturing crayfishes in a flat plate type rice field without ditching and feeding and removing weed rice, which selects the flat plate type rice field; treating the harvested rice straws; 150kg of organic fertilizer which is fully fermented per mu of rice field after the broken straws scattered in the field are basically decomposed; after fertilization, introducing tubificidae into the rice field to provide a high-quality protein bait source; the waterweeds and the eyebright are planted in the strip and block shape in different areas, and the aquatic weed species combination creates better ecological conditions; when the coverage rate of the waterweed and the eyebright reaches 60% -70%, putting high-quality crayfish fries, and fully playing the growth promoting effect of the eyebright on crayfish; checking the biomass variation conditions of the waterweeds, the eyebright and the tubificidae in the rice field; through the comprehensive means, a good ecological system of the rice field is constructed, the productivity of the ecological system of the rice field is fully utilized, no granulated feed is fed, the body surface of the cultured crayfish is clean, the crayfish is high in price and is sold in the market, and the problems in the background art are solved.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the method for culturing the flat plate type paddy field crayfishes without ditching and feeding and removing the weedy rice comprises the following steps:

step 1: selecting a suitable flat-plate rice field, transplanting rice seedlings with water artificially, and selecting naturally to prevent crayfish germplasm from rapidly degrading and breeding earlier crayfish seedlings;

step 2: after the rice is harvested, the rice is insolated in 10-15 sunny days, the surface of the upright rice stubble slightly yellows, and the water supply to the field surface is started after the crushed straws are completely withered and yellow;

and step 3: 150kg of organic fertilizer which is fully fermented per mu of rice field after the crushed straws are scattered in the field and basically decomposed; uniformly raking the organic fertilizer to ensure that the planted waterweeds can grow vigorously and leave a base fertilizer for the growth of the rice in the future;

and 4, step 4: after fertilization, introducing tubificidae into the rice field to provide a high-quality protein bait source;

and 5: the waterweeds and the eyebright are planted in the strip and block shape in different areas, and the combination of the waterweeds and the dryland grass creates better ecological conditions;

step 6: and (4) timely feeding high-quality crayfish fries according to the coverage rate degree of the waterweeds and the number of early fries bred by the crayfish left in the field.

Further, the specific steps of step 1 are as follows:

selecting an idle rice field for planting rice in one season in a water network area, wherein the area of the rice field is 5-15 mu, the original ridges around the rice field are firmer, the average height is 50-60 cm, and the width of the upper part of each ridge is 40-50 cm; one side of the periphery of the rice field, which is close to the ridge, is lower by 20-30 cm than the field, and the original water inlet and outlet of the rice field is provided with a crayfish escape-proof net.

Further, transplanting seedlings with water artificially in the step 1 to breed earlier shrimp seedlings; when the adult crayfishes in 5 months finish fishing and selling, the water level of the rice field is kept at 15 cm-20 cm, and seedlings of about 40 days old are manually planted.

Further, in the step 1, transplanting rice seedlings with water artificially, selecting naturally, and maintaining the water level of the field surface at 15-20 cm during rice transplanting.

Further, in the step 2, when the rice is ripe, the field surface is drained completely and dried in the sun, then the rice is harvested by a harvester, the height of the rice stubble is kept to be more than 45cm, the rice is insolated in 10-15 sunny days after being harvested, the surface of the erected rice stubble is slightly yellow, all broken straws covering the rice stubble are withered and yellow, the rice field is watered completely for the first time, the water level of the field surface is kept to be 10-15 cm, the broken straws scattered on the field surface are decomposed slowly, when the preliminary decomposition of the broken straws is basically finished (after the first watering is carried out for about 15 days), the water is watered for the second time, the water level of the field surface is kept to be 20-25 cm, and partial straws soaked in the water are decomposed slowly; when the rice stubble is soaked in the water and partially discolours and decomposes, water is added again, the water level of the field surface is kept between 20cm and 25cm, and the water level is kept to 3 months in the next year.

Furthermore, a grass outlet of the harvester is modified, a grass outlet guide sheet is additionally arranged at the grass outlet, the grass outlet guide sheet is inclined upwards at an angle of 45 ℃, the straw smashed at the upper part is guided to cover upright rice stubbles, the straw smashed at the upper part is covered on the upright rice stubbles, and the guide sheet is made of common stainless steel.

Further, the organic fertilizer in the step 3 is prepared by selecting chicken manure as a main material, adding biological agents such as EM (effective microorganisms) bacteria and the like, fully fermenting and killing pathogenic bacteria in the organic fertilizer, uniformly applying the organic fertilizer into the ploughed paddy field, and uniformly raking the organic fertilizer by using a machine.

Further, after the rice field is ploughed and fertilized, when the temperature is reduced to 25 ℃, earthworms are introduced into the field, the collected earthworms are uniformly scattered on the rice field fertilizer mud, and the earthworms are inoculated according to 300-500 g per square meter of culture area.

Further, step 5, planting waterweed and xerophyte eyebright in the rice field in a combined mode for the first time, planting an waterweed in an waterweed planting area, planting the waterweed in strips around the rice field, wherein the strip width is 2-3 m; planting the waterweeds strips and the cord grass strips in the middle of the rice field at intervals, and reserving 3-5 grass-free feeding areas in the middle of the field; the covering area of the waterweed is 50 percent, and the covering area of the eyebright is 20 percent.

Further, in the step 6, when the coverage rate of the waterweed and the eyebright reaches 60% -70%, high-quality crayfish fries are thrown.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. by selecting the flat-plate paddy field, the crayfish can be bred without ditching in the paddy field.

2. The treatment of the harvested rice straws enables the rice straws to be slowly decomposed and utilized by water plants and plankton, so that the rice straws are returned to the field in full amount to cause the water quality of the rice field to deteriorate rapidly, and the rice straws are converted into crayfish aquatic products through biological chain approaches such as the water plants and the plankton.

3. 150kg of organic fertilizer which is fully fermented per mu of rice field after the broken straws scattered in the field are basically decomposed; the fertility of the rice field is continuously and uniformly. After fertilization, tubificidae is introduced into the rice field to provide a high-quality protein bait source.

4. The method is characterized in that waterweeds and cord grass are planted in a striped and blocky manner in different regions, a better ecological condition is created by combining waterweed varieties, when the coverage rate of the waterweeds and the cord grass reaches 60% -70%, high-quality crayfish seedlings are thrown in, the growth promotion effect of the cord grass on the crayfish is fully exerted, the biomass change conditions of the waterweeds, the cord grass and the tubificidae in the rice field are checked, the crayfish is forced to utilize and remove scattered rice seeds and weed rice seeds in the rice field by powerful chela and hunger without being fed with feed for induction, and a weed-free space is left for the growth of the rice.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the zonal strip-block cultivation of elodea nuttallii and cord grass according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

(1) selecting a suitable flat-plate rice field, transplanting rice seedlings with water artificially, and selecting naturally to prevent crayfish germplasm from rapidly degrading and breeding earlier crayfish seedlings; selecting an idle rice field for planting rice in one season in a water network area, wherein the area of the rice field is generally 5-15 mu, the original ridges around the rice field are firmer, the average height reaches 50-60 cm, and the width of the upper part of each ridge reaches 40-50 cm; one side of the periphery of the rice field, which is close to the ridge, is relatively low, and is 20-30 cm lower than the field, and the low-lying area accounts for 1-2% of the rice field in total; the paddy soil is clay loam without water leakage; when the rain does not fall for 30 days continuously in a dry season, water and the surface of the field can be kept moist in low-lying places around; installing a crayfish escape-proof net on the original water inlet and outlet of the rice field; the selected rice field can be directly used for breeding crayfishes without digging surrounding circular ditches and rice and fish engineering; the plate type paddy field with the original high ridge and firm periphery with the low-lying area of 1% -2% is selected to directly breed the crayfishes, the paddy field is not required to be transformed, and the original landform and structure of the paddy field are kept.

Transplanting rice seedlings with water artificially to breed earlier shrimp seedlings; when the adult crayfishes in 5 months finish fishing and selling, the water level of the rice field is kept at 15-20 cm, and seedlings of about 40 days old are planted manually, so that the seedlings are older, the crayfishes which are not caught completely in the rice field cannot pinch off the seedlings, the seedlings can quickly survive, turn green and tillere, the field surface is sealed to play a role in shading, the water temperature of the rice field is relatively lower in 6-8 months, and the growth, gonad development, early mating and early propagation of the crayfishes in the field are facilitated; the first shrimp fries can be seen in the earliest 7 months, and a fry foundation is laid for the early marketing of the second year;

artificial water-carrying rice transplanting, natural selection, and prevention of rapid degeneration of crayfish germplasm; the water level of the field surface is maintained at 15 cm-20 cm during the rice transplanting, and the environment selection of various environments such as illumination of the rice field, day and night change of the water level, various birds and shallow water for catching crayfish with weak constitution is a 'natural selection': the crayfishes with strong physique survive, reserve parent crayfishes, breed offspring and avoid rapid germplasm degeneration (crayfish growth speed is not obviously slowed down for crayfish farmers more than 10 years).

(2) After the rice is harvested, the rice is insolated in 10-15 sunny days, the surface of the upright rice stubble slightly yellows, and the water supply to the field surface is started after the crushed straws are completely withered and yellow;

when the rice is mature, the field surface is completely drained and dried in the sun (a small amount of water is accumulated along the low-lying part around the ridge), then the rice is harvested by a harvester, and the height of the rice stubble is kept to be more than 45 cm;

a grass outlet of the harvester is modified, a grass outlet guide sheet is additionally arranged at the grass outlet, the grass outlet guide sheet is inclined upwards at an angle of 45 ℃, the crushed straws at the upper part are guided to cover upright rice stubbles, the crushed straws at the upper part are covered on the upright rice stubbles, and the guide sheet is made of common stainless steel;

after rice is harvested, the rice is exposed to the sun in 10-15 sunny days, the surface of upright rice stubble slightly yellows, all broken straws covering the rice stubble are withered and yellow, the rice field is watered comprehensively for the first time, the water level of the field surface is kept at 10-15 cm, and the broken straws scattered on the field surface are slowly decomposed;

when the preliminary decomposition of the crushed straws is basically finished (about 15 days after the first watering), watering for the second time, keeping the water level of the field surface at 20-25 cm, and slowly decomposing partial straws of the rice stubble soaked in the water; when the rice stubble is soaked in the water and partially discolours and decomposes, adding water again, keeping the water level of the field surface at 20 cm-25 cm, and keeping the water level to 3 months in the second year;

because the surface layer of the soil has good air permeability, some aerobic microorganisms can be propagated, and the surface layer structure of the soil is improved; the slowly decomposed straw organic matter is mainly utilized by the planted elodea and the eyebright, so that the water quality of the rice field is not rapidly deteriorated in 5 months, the concentrated disease outbreak of crayfish love diseases is avoided, and the crayfish is forced to grow grass;

after the rice is harvested, the rice is fed in batches, the rice straws are slowly decomposed and utilized by the waterweeds and the plankton, the water quality of the rice field is rapidly deteriorated due to the fact that the rice straws are returned to the field in full, and the water straws and the plankton are converted into crayfish aquatic products through biological chain ways such as the waterweeds and the plankton.

(3) 150kg of organic fertilizer which is fully fermented per mu of rice field after the broken straws scattered in the field are basically decomposed; raking the organic fertilizer evenly to ensure that the planted waterweeds can grow vigorously and leave a base fertilizer for the growth of the rice in the future: the organic fertilizer is prepared by selecting chicken manure as a main material, adding biological agents such as EM (effective microorganisms) and the like, fully fermenting to kill pathogenic bacteria in the organic fertilizer, uniformly applying the organic fertilizer into a ploughed rice field, and uniformly raking the organic fertilizer by a machine, so that on one hand, sufficient nutrients are provided for planted aquatic weeds, feed is provided for growth of water earthworms, on the other hand, a base fertilizer is left for future production of rice, and the using amount of chemical fertilizers is reduced;

(4) after fertilization, introducing tubificidae into the rice field to provide a high-quality protein bait source: after the rice field is ploughed and fertilized, the earthworms can be introduced into the field when the temperature is reduced to about 25 ℃, and the seed sources of the earthworms are rich in sewage drainage ditches at suburbs in cities and towns, sewage drainage ditches for livestock and poultry farms, slaughterhouses, sugar factories and food factories and the like, so that the earthworms can be harvested nearby; uniformly scattering the collected earthworm seeds on the fertilizer mud of the rice field, and inoculating 300-500 g of earthworm seeds per square meter of culture area;

(5) the waterweeds and the eyebright are planted in the strip and block shape in different areas, and the combination of the waterweeds and the dryland weeds creates better ecological conditions: the method comprises the following steps of planting waterweed and xerophyte eyebright in a rice field in a combined mode for the first time, planting an waterweed in a waterweed planting area, planting the waterweed at the periphery of the rice field in a strip mode, and enabling the strip width to be 2-3 m; planting the waterweeds strips and the cord grass strips in the middle of the rice field at intervals, and reserving 3-5 grass-free feeding areas in the middle of the field; the covering area of the elodea nuttallii is 50 percent, and the covering area of the cord grass is 20 percent (see the schematic diagram 1 of the zonal bar-block shaped planting of the elodea nuttallii and the cord grass for details);

(6) timely feeding high-quality crayfish fries according to the coverage rate of the aquatic weeds and the number of early fries bred by the crayfish left in the field; when the coverage rate of the waterweed and the eyebright reaches 60% -70%, putting high-quality crayfish fries, and fully playing the growth promoting effect of the eyebright on crayfish; after the elodea nutans and the like are cultivated for several months, feeding crayfish seedlings properly according to the number of the crayfish seedlings ecologically bred in the field at the bottom of 3 months or at the beginning of 4 months in the next year, controlling the specification to be 160-200 tails/kg, and feeding 10-15 kg of the crayfish seedlings with the specification in each mu of rice field.

(7) Feeding is not carried out in the whole crayfish breeding process, weed rice seeds are removed, and a weed-free space is reserved for the growth of rice; checking the biomass variation conditions of the waterweeds, the eyebright and the tubificidae in the rice field: after the crayfish fries are put in, the biomass change conditions of the waterweeds, the eyebright and the tubificidae in the rice field are checked in the morning and evening of each day, the number of the tubificidae is rapidly reduced 10 days before the crayfish fries are put in, and no feed is fed; after the crayfish fries are put for 20 days, when the water earthworms and the eyebright are rapidly reduced through examination, the crayfish fries are not fed with feed; after the crayfish fries are put in for 30 days, the feed is not fed when the biomass of the tubificidae and the cord grass is less and the quantity of the lilac is also obviously reduced through examination; after the crayfish fries are put in for 40 days, the examination finds that rice tender shoots, weed rice and the like in the rice field are all removed by the crayfish with roots, and no feed is fed; the crayfish breeding process always insists that no feed is fed, induces and forces the crayfish to utilize and remove scattered rice seeds and weed rice seeds in the rice field by using powerful large chela and hunger, and finally, the rice field is finished to be clean, so that a weed-free space is left for the growth of rice; the weed rice seeds germinate earlier than the rice seeds and are first ingested and removed by crayfish; the mechanized harvesting is about per mu of rice fieldRice seeds scattered 25 kg-50 kg are in the rice field, rice seeds scattered in the field in 3-4 months in the spring of the next year and weed rice seeds can slowly germinate and bud, and rice seeds which just germinate and bud (including weed rice seeds scattered in the field) become one of the most delicious baits for crayfishes after overwintering (the weed rice seeds germinate and emerge earlier than the rice seeds and are firstly removed by eating crayfishes), so that the problem of the bait source of the crayfishes is solved on one hand, and more importantly, the problem of the weed rice (the weed rice is wild enough, and germinates earlier than the cultivated rice, tillers earlier, and is removed earlier than the cultivated rice)Ear-pickingEarly maturing, once a family is set up in the rice field, people can compete for sunlight, nutrients, water and growing space with the cultivated rice. The weedy rice is also clever, and the important characteristics of the weedy rice are that the falling property is strong, the rice falls while maturing, so that the weedy rice is hidden from being harvested by human beings, and the weedy rice can continuously take root and germinate in the next year. The seed dormancy time can reach 10 years at most, and the seed can break the ground to germinate and survive as long as the temperature and the humidity are proper. Meanwhile, it continuously imitates the characteristics of cultivated rice such as height, color and the like in the evolution process, and even in the future, it may be difficult to distinguish weedy rice from cultivated rice by naked eyes).

(8) 55kg of clear water crayfish can be produced per mu through the steps from (1) to (7), the average specification reaches 5 money, the market price is 40 yuan/kg, and the yield per mu reaches 2200 yuan.

By adopting the method, 180 mu in 2014 to 2016, rice is harvested and then is insolated in 10-15 sunny days, the surface of rice stubble becomes slightly yellow, all broken straws covering the rice stubble become dry and yellow, the rice field is watered comprehensively for the first time, the water level of the field surface is kept to be 10-15 cm, and the broken straws scattered on the field surface are slowly decomposed; applying 150kg of fully fermented organic fertilizer per mu after decomposing the crushed straws in the rice field, and uniformly raking the organic fertilizer; after fertilization, introducing tubificidae into the rice field to provide a high-quality protein bait source; the waterweeds and the eyebright are planted in the strip and block shape in different areas, and the aquatic weed species combination creates better ecological conditions; when the coverage rate of the waterweed and the eyebright reaches 60% -70%, putting high-quality crayfish fries, and fully playing the growth promoting effect of the eyebright on crayfish; checking the biomass variation condition of the waterweeds, the eyebright and the tubificidae in the rice field, forcing the crayfish to utilize and remove the scattered rice seeds and weed rice seeds in the rice field by using powerful large-chelate and hunger without feeding the feed for induction, and leaving a weed-free space for the growth of the rice; by the comprehensive means, a good ecological system of the rice field is constructed, the productivity of the ecological system of the rice field is fully utilized, and the surface of the cultured crayfish is clean; the average specification of 55kg of the crayfish in clear water reaches 5 money, the market selling price is 40 yuan/kg, the acre output value reaches 2200 yuan, the crayfish is not fed with the pellet feed, the body surface of the crayfish is clean, and the crayfish is sold in high price and high level in the market.

According to the invention, rice straws are completely returned to the field after rice is harvested, and straw organic matters are slowly decomposed to fertilize water without influencing the growth of crayfish; 150kg of fully fermented organic fertilizer per mu is uniformly raked to ensure that the planted waterweeds can grow vigorously and leave base fertilizer for the growth of the rice in the future; introducing tubificidae into the rice field after fertilization; cultivating elodea nuttallii and eyebright in different areas; when the coverage rate of the waterweed and the eyebright reaches 60% -70%, putting high-quality crayfish fries; checking the biomass change conditions of the waterweed, the eyebright and the water earthworms in the rice field, and supplementing the eyebright and the waterweed; thereby achieving the purposes of culturing crayfish and removing weed rice in the flat-plate rice field without ditching and feeding and improving the culture efficiency of the rice field.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. the method for flat type paddy field crayfish without digging trenches without bait culture and removing weed rice, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:

Step 1: Choose a suitable flat paddy field, artificially transplant rice with water, natural selection, prevent the rapid degradation of crayfish germplasm, and breed earlier shrimp seedlings;

Step 2: After the rice is harvested, after 10 to 15 sunny days, the surface of the upright rice stubble turns slightly yellow, and after the crushed stalks are all withered and yellow, the water on the field surface begins;

Step 3: After the broken straws scattered in the field are basically decomposed, 150kg of fully fermented organic fertilizer per acre of the paddy field; the organic fertilizer is raked evenly, so that the planted aquatic plants can grow vigorously, and leave the base fertilizer for the future growth of rice;

Step 4: After fertilization, water earthworms are introduced into the paddy fields to provide high-quality protein food sources;

Step 5: Cultivate Elodea and Millet grass in partitions and blocks, and combine aquatic and dry grass species to create better ecological conditions;

Step 6: According to the coverage rate of aquatic plants and the number of early seedlings for breeding of crayfish in the field, supplementary feeding of high-quality crayfish seedlings in a timely manner.

2. the method for flat type paddy field crayfish without digging trenches without bait culture and removing weedy rice as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the concrete steps of step 1 are as follows:

In the water network area, choose a paddy field that is free in winter for planting one season of rice. The paddy field covers an area of 5-15 mu. The surrounding original ridge is relatively firm, with an average height of 50cm-60cm, and the upper width of the ridge is 40cm-50cm. The side of the paddy field near the ridge is relatively low-lying. , 20cm ~ 30cm lower than the field, and install a crayfish anti-escape net at the original inlet and outlet of the rice field.

3. the method for plate type paddy field crayfish without digging trenches without bait cultivation and removing weedy rice as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step 1, artificially transplanting rice with water, breeding earlier shrimp fry; When the crayfish adult shrimp fishing and sales are about to end in the month, the water level of the paddy field is kept at 15cm-20cm, and the seedlings about 40 days old are artificially planted.

4. the method for flat paddy field crayfish without digging trenches without bait cultivation and removing weedy rice as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step 1, artificially carry water for rice transplanting, natural selection, and field surface water level is maintained at the time of rice transplanting. 15cm～20cm.

5. the method for flat type paddy field crayfish without digging trenches without bait cultivation and removing weedy rice as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, when step 2 paddy rice is mature, the field surface is fully drained and sun-dried, and then use a harvester Harvest the rice and keep the height of the rice stubble above 45cm. After the rice is harvested, it will be exposed to the sun for 10 to 15 sunny days. The surface of the standing rice stubble will turn slightly yellow, and the broken straw covering the rice stubble will all wither and turn yellow. The rice field begins to be fully watered for the first time. The water level of the field surface is 10cm-15cm, so that the broken straw scattered on the field surface is slowly decomposed. When the initial decomposition of the broken straw is basically completed, the second time to water, keep the water level of the field surface at 20cm-25cm, and let the rice stubble soak in the water. Part of the straw decomposes slowly; When immersed in water and partially discolored and decomposed, add water again to keep the water level of the field surface at 20cm-25cm, and keep the water level until March of the next year.

6. the method for flat type paddy field crayfish without digging trenches without bait cultivation and removing weedy rice as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, the grass outlet of the harvester is transformed, and a piece of outlet is installed at the grass outlet. The straw guide piece is inclined at an angle of 45 °C upward, guides the upper broken straw to cover the standing rice stubble, and covers the upper broken straw on the standing rice stubble. The guide piece is made of ordinary stainless steel.

7. the method for plate type paddy field crayfish without digging trenches without baiting and removing weedy rice, it is characterized in that, the organic fertilizer in step 3 is based on selecting chicken manure, adds EM bacteria, After fully fermenting and killing the pathogenic bacteria in the organic fertilizer, it is evenly applied to the ploughed paddy field and evenly raked by mechanical raking.

8. the method for plate type paddy field crayfish without digging trenches without bait cultivation and removing weedy rice as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, step 4 is after the paddy field tillage and fertilization, when air temperature drops to 25 ℃ of water diversion earthworms When entering the field, the collected worm seeds are evenly spread on the paddy mud, and the inoculation is done at 300-500 grams per square meter of cultivation area.

9. flat paddy field crayfish as claimed in claim 1 does not dig trenches and does not cast bait to cultivate and remove the method for weedy rice, it is characterized in that, step 5 is the first time in paddy field combination planting waterweed Elodea+xerophyte millet grass In the algae planting area, the algae is planted in strips around the paddy field, with a width of 2 to 3 meters; in the middle of the paddy field, the algae strips and millet grass strips are planted at intervals, leaving 3 to 5 grassless bait in the middle of the field. Area; Elodea covers 50% of the area, and Millet grass covers 20% of the area.

10. the method for flat-plate type paddy field crayfish as claimed in claim 1 does not dig trenches and does not cast bait to cultivate and remove weedy rice, it is characterized in that, step 6 reaches 60%～70% in Elodea and Millet grass coverage rate At the same time, put high-quality crayfish seed.