CN115428754A - Crayfish and rice crop rotation cultivation method - Google Patents
Crayfish and rice crop rotation cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115428754A CN115428754A CN202211129988.2A CN202211129988A CN115428754A CN 115428754 A CN115428754 A CN 115428754A CN 202211129988 A CN202211129988 A CN 202211129988A CN 115428754 A CN115428754 A CN 115428754A
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- 241000238017 Astacoidea Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000003967 crop rotation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title 1
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000583629 Cypridopsis vidua Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000179442 Anacharis Species 0.000 claims 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 9
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- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238030 Procambarus clarkii Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000010868 animal carcass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a crayfish and rice crop rotation cultivation method, which realizes two-time cultivation and catching by reasonably setting shrimp fry cultivation time and cultivation catching time, puts down shrimp fries for cultivation adaptation before harvesting rice, intensively cultivates the juvenile shrimps in a cultivation pool after harvesting the rice, puts the juvenile shrimps into a second pond opening for cultivation in 12 months, sets a seedling cultivation pool, and sets a temporary cultivation area at each pond opening to prepare for the cultivation of the next batch of lobsters.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of cultivation, in particular to a crayfish and rice crop rotation cultivation method.
Background
Crayfish is also known as procambarus clarkii, red crayfish, and freshwater crayfish. Is a freshwater economic shrimp, and is popular with people because of delicious meat taste. Due to the omnivorous property, the fast growth speed and the strong adaptability, the method forms an absolute competitive advantage in the local ecological environment. The feeding range of the feed comprises aquatic weeds, algae, aquatic insects, animal carcasses and the like. Crayfish has become an important economic breeding breed in china in recent years. The crayfish has strong adaptability to the environment, can grow in various water bodies such as lakes, ponds, rivers, paddy fields, the current crayfish rice crop rotation process, the crayfish can dig a hole in the paddy field under certain conditions, especially, the weather is bad, the crayfish under the condition that water quality deteriorates digs a hole deeply, on the one hand, the cost of turning over the field rises, on the other hand, leave over a large amount of crayfish in the field easily, cause the breeding density uncontrollable, influence when round economic benefits and lower round crop rotation, should strictly prevent escaping in the commercial breeding process in addition, especially, the former ecological water body of the severe escape people rare extremely, it leads to destructive harm to the ecological competitive advantage of local species, when current anti-escaping device is used, the anti-escaping effect is not good, and when laying, the operation is complicated, need consume a large amount of manpower and materials.
In addition, the proportion of the ditches and the pits for the rice field cultivation of the crayfish is always restricted by the land department, and the development of the crayfish-rice crop rotation mode is limited to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a crayfish and rice rotation culture method with high yield and economic value.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a crayfish and rice crop rotation breeding method comprises the following steps:
step one, rice field transformation
Before planting and breeding, one tenth of the area of the rice field is used as a seedling raising pond, the seedling raising pond takes 2 mu as a unit, and the length-width ratio is 3:1-4:1, ditching and forming ridges along the periphery of the first pond openings to ensure that the gradient ratio of the ridges is 1:3-1:4,
dividing the rest of the rice field into a plurality of second pond openings by taking 50 mu as a unit, digging down 0.5 m along one or two edges around each second pond opening to form a digging-down area, connecting the digging-down areas mutually to form a closed loop structure, arranging an anti-escape device along the edge of each second pond opening, arranging a temporary culture area which accounts for 5% of the area of each second pond opening in each second pond opening, enclosing the temporary culture area by using a purse net, putting waterweed in the pond openings in 10 months, wherein the putting area of the waterweed is not more than 30% of the water surface, and adding water to the rice field to 20cm;
step two, shrimp fry cultivation and putting
In the middle and last ten days of 8 months, all the seed shrimps are stocked at the mouth of each second pond, 5kg of water is reduced by half before harvesting the rice in each mu, after harvesting the rice, water is added until the water depth of the field surface is 20 cm-30 cm,
after the nursery pond is disinfected in the middle and last ten days of 8 months, the young shrimps are hatched after the breeding of the shrimps is 150kg-200kg per mu and 2-3 months, the young shrimps are fed with the feed,
feeding the shrimp seeds in the culture pond into each second pond port in a feeding amount of 5kg-6kg per mu in 12 months, wherein the weight of each shrimp seed is 1g-2.6g, feeding the mixed feed, and feeding the shrimp seeds for 1 time in the morning and evening each day; the feeding amount in the evening accounts for 2/3 of the feeding amount in the whole day; meanwhile, after the crayfishes in the breeding pond gradually grow to 6 g/tail, the crayfishes are successively put into the purse nets of each temporary culture area;
step three, fishing and throwing in second crop
Catching all the crayfishes before and after 15 days in 3 months, cleaning the pond, putting the crayfishes out of the temporary culture pond, supplementing the amount of the crayfishes to 50kg of crayfish fries put into each second pond opening, feeding the crayfishes with high-protein compound feed, and feeding the crayfishes respectively for 1 time in the morning and in the evening each day; catching the feed in 20 days of 4/3, 4 months and reserving the feed in 5 months and 10 days in the evening;
step four, rice field rotation
And slowly lowering the water level of the second pond opening to expose the field plate at the beginning of 6 months, fishing the rest crayfishes, turning the soil in the second pond opening after the fishing is finished, disinfecting and solarizing the second pond opening, and planting rice.
As a further improvement of the invention, in the first step, the lower digging area is 2-3 meters wide in surface, 1.5-2 meters wide in bottom and 0.5 meter deep, a mechanical access way 3.5-4.5 meters wide is left in the non-ditch area, the dug soil is used as a ridge, the ridge is 80cm higher than the surface of the field, and the ridge is 1-2 meters wide.
As a further improvement of the invention, the specifications of the seed shrimps in the step two are 20-30 tails/kg, and the male-female ratio is between 3 and 2.
As a further improvement of the invention, in the first step, after the second pond mouth is dug downwards, nylon cloth is laid in a dug-down area, meanwhile, the lower end face of the nylon cloth, which is 30cm-60cm in length, is turned over to form a folded angle and laid at the bottom of the dug-down area, the dug-out soil is moved back to the dug-down area to cover the nylon cloth, and the upper edge of the nylon cloth is 60cm-80cm higher than the pond mouth.
As a further improvement of the invention, the anti-escape device in the first step comprises a first positioning column, an anti-escape net and a second positioning column, wherein mounting insertion plates are arranged on two side edges of the anti-escape net, the first positioning column is provided with an axial insertion groove for insertion of the mounting insertion plates, the anti-escape net comprises a net cloth and a plurality of insertion plates arranged below the net cloth in an insertion manner, the plurality of insertion plates are hinged with each other, the second positioning column comprises a column body, a walking component and a piling component, the piling component comprises an inner rod, a return spring and an operating rod, the operating rod and the inner rod are fixedly arranged, the inner rod is sleeved inside the column body and is arranged in a sliding manner, the return spring keeps the upper end of the operating rod to extend out of the upper end of the column body, the column body and the inner rod are both provided with axially extending through grooves which are radially penetrated, the net cloth and the insertion plates penetrate through the through grooves, the walking component is arranged on two outer side surfaces of the column body opposite to the through grooves, the walking component is hinged with the column body, a first insertion plate extends laterally to form a first clamping piece, and the inner side wall is provided with a second positioning piece.
As a further improvement of the invention, the edge of the upper part of the mesh is provided with a flat side belt, two guide wheels are symmetrically arranged on the upper part of the inner rod corresponding to the inner side wall of the through groove, a gap for the side belt to pass through is formed between the two guide wheels, and a clamping edge is arranged above the side belt and clamped above the two guide wheels.
As a further improvement of the invention, the first clamping piece is provided with a U-shaped groove with an opening at the upper end, and the second clamping piece is clamped into the U-shaped groove.
As a further improvement of the invention, the inner rod is further provided with two axially through-going receiving grooves, the two receiving grooves are correspondingly arranged at two sides of the through groove, two sides of the mesh are respectively used for receiving the two supporting sheets, the side belt is provided with a sleeve corresponding to the U-shaped groove, the second clamping piece is arranged at the bottom of the receiving groove and used for receiving the supporting sheets, the second clamping piece is provided with a receiving piece, the second clamping piece is provided with a through hole, the inner wall of the through hole of the second clamping piece is provided with a mounting hole, the receiving piece covers the through hole, the receiving piece is provided with a connecting shaft, the connecting shaft and the mounting hole are rotatably arranged, the outer peripheral wall of the connecting shaft is provided with an elastic lug, the mounting hole is provided with a positioning hole mutually clamped with the elastic lug, the positioning hole is mutually through with the lower end surface of the second clamping piece, the U-shaped groove is internally provided with a convex column mutually corresponding to the positioning hole, the convex column is used for releasing the locking of the elastic lug to the connecting shaft after being inserted into the positioning hole, the lower surface of the receiving piece is provided with a balance iron sheet, the balance iron sheet keeps the horizontal state that the receiving piece is not provided with the supporting sheet, one end and the supporting sheet is inserted into the first end, and the supporting sheet is used for being inserted into the sleeve, and the other end of the supporting sheet.
As a further improvement of the invention, the walking assembly comprises a main rod, a support rod and a roller, wherein the upper end of the main rod is hinged with the column body, one end of the support rod is hinged with the main rod, and the other end of the support rod is locked and connected with the column body.
As a further improvement of the invention, the lower ends of the first positioning column and the second positioning column are both in a pointed shape.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the crayfish breeding method is beneficial to farmers to accept worry about digging of the rice field in the process of land circulation through the mode of presetting the nylon cloth, is beneficial to clearing the pond in the later breeding period of crayfish breeding, can avoid the problem that the land area is within 10 percent of the area of the rice field occupied by the ditch and pit area of the rice field, can avoid uncontrollable density in the breeding process of next-year crayfish, can achieve the escape-proof effect because the upper edge of the nylon cloth is higher than the opening of the second pond, can achieve two-crop breeding and catching through reasonable setting of the crayfish breeding time and the breeding catching time, can put down the crayfish seedlings for breeding adaptation before rice harvesting, can intensively put in the breeding pond to breed the crayfish after the rice is harvested, 12 starts to put in the first pond for breeding, can shorten the breeding time because the breeding time of next-crop is shorter, can prepare for breeding of the crayfish of the next-crop of the crayfish of the larger size through setting up the temporary breeding pond at each second mouth, and can provide enough crayfish breeding space for the crayfish breeding in the temporary breeding pond when the crayfish of the second-growing in the temporary breeding pond, and the crayfish of the crayfish.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of rice field transformation;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of nylon cloth laying;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the anti-escape device
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an installation structure of the first positioning post and the anti-escape net;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a second positioning post;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the second positioning post;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the piling assembly;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the interposer;
fig. 9 is a structural schematic view of the second card member.
Reference numerals: 1. a second pond mouth; 2. a seedling raising pond; 3. digging down an area; 4. ridging; 10. nylon cloth; 5. a first positioning post; 51. inserting slots; 6. an escape-proof net; 61. inserting plates; 62. installing a plug board; 63. edge clamping; 7. a second positioning column; 71. a cylinder; 72. an inner rod; 721. a return spring; 73. an operating lever; 74. a through groove; 8. a first clip member; 9. a second clip member; 11. a guide wheel; 12. a U-shaped groove; 13. a containing groove; 14. a sleeve; 15. a receiving sheet; 16. a through hole; 17. mounting holes; 18. a connecting shaft; 19. an elastic bump; 20. positioning holes; 21. a convex column; 22. balancing iron sheets; 23. a main rod; 24. a strut; 25. a roller; 26. a support sheet; 27. a first mouth.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. In which like parts are designated by like reference numerals.
As shown in fig. 1-2, a crayfish rice crop rotation cultivation method comprises the following steps:
step one, rice field transformation
Before planting, one tenth area in paddy field is used as nursery pond 2, and nursery pond 2 uses 2 mu as the unit, makes the aspect ratio 3:1-4:1, ditching along the periphery of the first pond openings 27 and forming ridges 4 to ensure that the gradient ratio of the ridges 4 is 1:3-1:4,
dividing the rest rice field into a plurality of second pond openings 1 by taking 50 mu as a unit, digging down 0.5 m along one or two edges around each second pond opening 1 to form a digging-down area 3, mutually connecting a plurality of digging-down areas 3 to form a closed-loop structure, arranging an anti-escape device along the edge of each second pond opening 1, arranging a temporary culture area accounting for 5% of the area of each second pond opening 1 in each second pond opening 1, enclosing the temporary culture area by using an enclosing net, putting the waterweeds in the pond openings 1 in 10 months, wherein the putting area of the waterweeds is not more than 30% of the water surface, and adding water to the field to 20cm;
step two, shrimp fry cultivation and putting
In the middle and last ten days of 8 months, all the seed shrimps are put in the pond mouth 1, the water level is reduced by half before harvesting rice in 5 kg/mu and 10 months, after harvesting the rice, water is added until the water depth of the field surface is 20 cm-30 cm,
after the nursery pond 2 is disinfected in the middle and last ten days of 8 months, the young shrimps are hatched after the breeding of the shrimps is 150kg-200kg per mu and 2-3 months, the young shrimps are fed with the feed,
feeding the shrimp seeds in the nursery pond 2 into each second pond opening 1 in a feeding amount of 5kg-6kg per mu in 12 months, wherein the weight of each shrimp seed is 1g-2.6g, feeding compound feed, and feeding 1 time in the morning and evening each day; the feeding amount in the evening accounts for 2/3 of the feeding amount in the whole day; meanwhile, after the crayfishes in the seedling raising pond 2 gradually grow to 6 g/tail, seedlings are successively put into the purse nets of each temporary raising area;
step three, fishing and throwing in second stubble
Catching all the crayfishes before and after 15 days in 3 months, cleaning the pond, putting the crayfishes out of the temporary culture pond, supplementing the amount of the crayfishes to 1 feeding of 50kg of crayfish at each second pond opening, feeding the crayfishes with high-protein compound feed, and feeding the crayfishes for 1 time in the morning and in the evening each day; catching the feed in 20 days of 4/3, 4 months and reserving the feed in 5 months and 10 days in the evening;
step four, rice field crop rotation
And slowly lowering the water level of the second pond opening 1 to expose the field plate at the beginning of 6 months, fishing the rest part of crayfish, turning the soil in the second pond opening 1 after the fishing is finished, disinfecting and solarizing the second pond opening 1, and planting rice.
Preferably, the lower digging area 3 in the step one is 2-3 meters wide in surface, 1.5-2 meters wide in bottom and 0.5 meter deep, a mechanical access way 3.5-4.5 meters wide is reserved in a non-ditch area, dug soil is made into ridges, the ridges are 80cm higher than the field surface, and the ridges are 1-2 meters wide.
Preferably, the specification of the seed shrimps in the second step is 20-30 tails/kg, and the male-female ratio is 3 to 2.
Preferably, in one embodiment, the excavated area is used as a drainage ditch and is provided with a water discharge port, in another embodiment, in the first step, after the mouth 1 of the pond is excavated, the nylon cloth 10 is laid in the excavated area 3, meanwhile, the lower end face of the nylon cloth 10 is folded by 30cm-60cm to form a folded angle and laid at the bottom of the excavated area 3, preferably 50cm, and then the excavated soil is moved back into the excavated area 3 to cover the nylon cloth 10, and the upper edge of the nylon cloth 10 is 60cm-80cm, preferably 60cm higher than the mouth of the pond.
The application also improves the escape-proof device, and the specific structure is shown in figures 3-9;
the escape-proof device comprises a first positioning column 5, an escape-proof net 6 and a second positioning column 7, the lower ends of the first positioning column 5 and the second positioning column 7 are all in a pointed shape, the first positioning column 5 and the second positioning column 7 are used for fixing two ends of the escape-proof net 6 and are fixedly inserted on ridges of a field, mounting inserting plates 62 are arranged on two side edges of the escape-proof net 6, axial inserting grooves 51 are formed in the first positioning column 5 and the second positioning column 7, the inserting grooves 51 are used for inserting the mounting inserting plates 62, the escape-proof net 6 comprises net cloth and a plurality of inserting plates 61 arranged below the net cloth, the plurality of inserting plates 61 are fixed below the net cloth along the length direction of the net cloth, the net cloth can be nylon net cloth or iron wire net cloth, the plurality of inserting plates 61 are hinged with each other, the second positioning column 7 comprises a column body 71, a walking assembly and a pile driving assembly, the column body 71 is provided with a through groove 74 which extends along the axial direction and is radially through, the pile driving assembly is arranged, the inserting plates 61 can be pressed down to apply force to position the inserting plates 61 in sequence, when the second positioning columns 7 need to move along the mesh in construction, the mesh passes through the through grooves 74, so that the second positioning columns 7 move along the length direction of the mesh, the piling assembly comprises an inner rod 72, a return spring 721 and an operating rod 73, the operating rod 73 is fixedly arranged with the inner rod 72, the inner rod 72 is sleeved inside the column body 71 and is arranged in a sliding manner with the column body 71, the return spring 721 keeps the upper end of the operating rod 73 extending out of the upper end of the column body 71, the operating rod 73 is controlled to be pressed down in use, the second clamping piece 9 of the inner rod 72 connected with the operating rod 73 is aligned with the first clamping piece 8 arranged on the inserting plates 61, the inserting plates 61 are applied with force downwards when the inner rod 72 is pressed down until the inserting into the ridge soil, then the return spring 721 drives the operating rod 73 to return to the original position, the traveling assemblies are arranged on two outer side faces of the column body 71 opposite to the through grooves 74, when the force is applied to the inserting plate 61, the walking assembly plays a role in supporting the second positioning column 7, the walking assembly is hinged to the column body 71, the walking assembly can be stored, the walking device is preferably a supporting leg with a roller, and when a user pushes the piling device to move along the escape-proof net, the piling device can move smoothly through sliding.
Preferably, screen cloth top border is provided with smooth sideband, interior pole 72 top corresponds logical 74 inside wall symmetry and is provided with two guide pulleys 11, form the clearance that supplies the sideband to pass through between two guide pulleys 11, the sideband top is provided with card limit 63, this card limit 63 card is held in two guide pulleys 11 tops, when the length direction walking of screen cloth is followed to second reference column 7, because the card limit 63 of screen cloth top is by the spacing conflict of guide pulley 11, the spacing conflict of second fastener 9 of first fastener 8 by interior pole on the picture peg 61 of screen cloth below, can make the screen cloth smooth by strutting tensile, with avoid the screen cloth too loose and catch with by the inside fastener of second reference column 7.
Preferably, the first clamping piece 8 is provided with a U-shaped groove 12 with an upper end opening, and the second clamping piece 9 is clamped in the U-shaped groove 12, so that the first clamping piece 8 and the second clamping piece 9 are mutually clamped and matched more closely, slipping when being pressed is prevented, and force application is more uniform.
Preferably, the inner rod 72 is further provided with two axially through containing grooves 13, the two containing grooves 13 are correspondingly arranged at two sides of the through groove 74, the two sides of the mesh cloth are provided with the vertically arranged support pieces 26 along the length direction in an arrangement manner, the two containing grooves 13 are respectively used for containing the two support pieces 26, the containing grooves 13 and the guide wheels 11 are arranged in a staggered manner, when the second positioning column 7 slides to a preset position of one inserting plate 61, the support pieces 26 are manually placed in the containing grooves 13, the support pieces 26 are preferably semicircular in cross section, the side bands are provided with the sleeves 14 correspondingly arranged to the U-shaped grooves 12, the second clamping pieces 9 are arranged at the bottoms of the containing grooves 13 for receiving the support pieces 26, the second clamping pieces 9 are provided with the receiving pieces 15, the receiving pieces 15 are rotatably arranged on the second clamping pieces 9, when the support pieces 26 are placed in the containing grooves 13 in an initial state and are supported by the receiving pieces 15, when the inner rod 72 is pressed down, the sleeves 14 are sleeved on the support pieces 26, the second clamping piece 9 is provided with a through hole 16, the inner wall of the through hole 16 of the second clamping piece 9 is provided with a mounting hole 17, the receiving piece 15 covers the through hole 16, the receiving piece 15 is provided with a connecting shaft 18, the connecting shaft 18 and the mounting hole 17 are rotatably arranged, so that the receiving piece 15 and the second clamping piece 9 are rotatably arranged, the second clamping piece 9 is provided with a locking structure for locking the receiving piece 15, the locking structure comprises an elastic lug 19 arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the connecting shaft 18, the mounting hole 17 is provided with a positioning hole 20 mutually clamped with the elastic lug 19, the positioning hole 20 is mutually communicated with the lower end surface of the second clamping piece 9, a convex column 21 mutually corresponding to the positioning hole 20 is arranged in the U-shaped groove 12, when the operating rod 73 is pressed down, after the second clamping piece 9 and the first clamping piece 8 are mutually clamped, the convex column 21 extends into the positioning hole 20 to eject the elastic lug 19, the elastic lug 19 relieves the limitation on the connecting shaft 18, the supporting sheet 15 is turned over under the action of the gravity of the supporting sheet 26, the balancing iron sheet 22 is arranged on the lower surface of the supporting sheet 15, the balancing iron sheet 22 keeps the supporting sheet 15 horizontal when no load is applied, the preferred supporting sheet 15 is semicircular, the inner rod 72 drives the supporting sheet 26 to press the supporting sheet 15 downwards, the supporting sheet 15 is unlocked, the supporting sheet 26 presses downwards on the first clamping piece 8, the preferred supporting sheet 26 is clamped on the first clamping piece 8, in the process of pressing the inserting plate 61, two ends of the supporting sheet 26 are respectively fixed on the sleeve 14 and the first clamping piece 8, so that the supporting sheet 26 provides supporting force for the mesh, the supporting sheet 26 has the effect of strengthening the strength of the mesh, when the second positioning column 7 moves to the position of the next supporting sheet 26, the actions are repeated, and through the technical scheme, the second positioning column 7 can quickly load the supporting sheet 26 while piling the inserting sheet, and the process is labor-saving and convenient.
Preferably, the walking assembly comprises a main rod 23, a supporting rod 24 and a roller 25, the upper end of the main rod 23 is hinged with the column 71, one end of the supporting rod 24 is hinged with the main rod 23, the other end of the supporting rod 24 is connected with the column 71 in a locking manner, and the supporting rod 24 plays a supporting role when the walking assembly is used.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention should also be considered as within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A crayfish rice crop rotation breeding method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, rice field transformation
Before planting, one tenth of the area of the rice field is used as a seedling raising pond (2), the seedling raising pond (2) takes 2 mu as a unit, and the length-width ratio is 3:1-4:1, ditching and forming ridges (4) around the first rectangular pond openings (27) along the first pond openings (27), wherein the gradient ratio of the ridges (4) is 1:3-1:4,
dividing the rest rice field into a plurality of second pond openings (1) by taking 50 mu as a unit, digging down for 0.5 m along one or two edges of the periphery of each second pond opening (1) to form a digging-down area (3), connecting the digging-down areas (3) to form a closed-loop structure, arranging an escape-proof device along the edge of each second pond opening (1), arranging a temporary culture area which accounts for 5% of the area of each second pond opening (1) in each second pond opening (1), enclosing the temporary culture area by using an enclosure, putting the elodea glaucocalycis in the pond openings (1) in 10 months, wherein the putting area of the elodea glaucocalycis is not more than 30% of the water surface, and adding water to the rice field to 20cm;
step two, shrimp fry cultivation and release
In the middle and last ten days of 8 months, all the seed shrimps are put in each second pond mouth (1), 5kg per mu, the water level is reduced by half before the rice is harvested in 10 months, after the rice is harvested, water is added until the water depth of the field surface is 20 cm-30 cm,
after the nursery pond (2) is disinfected in the middle and last ten days of 8 months, the young shrimps are hatched after the breeding shrimps are released and 150kg-200kg per mu, 2-3 months later, the young shrimps are fed with the feed,
feeding the shrimp seeds in the nursery pond (2) into each second pond opening (1) in 12 months in a feeding amount of 5kg-6kg per mu, wherein the weight of each shrimp seed is 1g-2.6g, feeding the mixed feed, and feeding the shrimp seeds for 1 time in the morning and at the evening each day; the feeding amount in the evening accounts for 2/3 of the feeding amount in the whole day; meanwhile, after the crayfishes in the breeding pond (2) grow to 6 g/tail, the crayfishes are thrown into the purse nets of each temporary breeding area in sequence;
step three, fishing and throwing in second stubble
Catching all the crayfishes before and after 15 days in 3 months, cleaning the pond, putting the crayfishes out of the temporary culture pond, supplementing the amount of the crayfishes to 50kg of crayfish fries put in each second pond opening (1), feeding high-protein compound feed, and feeding the crayfishes respectively for 1 time in the morning and in the evening each day; catching the feed in 20 days of 4/3, 4 months and reserving the feed in 5 months and 10 days in the evening;
step four, rice field crop rotation
And slowly lowering the water level of the second pond opening (1) to expose the field plate at the beginning of 6 months, fishing the rest crayfishes, turning over the soil in the second pond opening (1) after the fishing is finished, disinfecting and solarizing the second pond opening (1), and planting rice.
2. The crayfish rice rotation cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the first step, after the second pond opening (1) is dug downwards, nylon cloth (10) is laid in a downward digging area (3), meanwhile, the lower end face of the nylon cloth (10) is turned over by 30-60 cm to form a folded angle and is laid at the bottom of the downward digging area (3), the dug soil is moved back to the downward digging area (3) to cover the nylon cloth (10), and the upper edge of the nylon cloth (10) is 60-80 cm higher than the pond opening.
3. The crayfish rice rotation cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the specification of the seed shrimps in the second step is 20-30 tails/kg, and the male-female ratio is 3 to 2.
4. The crayfish rice rotation culture method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the anti-escape device in the first step comprises a first positioning column (5), an anti-escape net (6) and a second positioning column (7), wherein installation inserting plates (62) are arranged on two side edges of the anti-escape net (6), axial inserting grooves (51) are formed in the first positioning column (5), the inserting grooves (51) are used for inserting the installation inserting plates (62), the anti-escape net (6) comprises a net cloth and a plurality of inserting plates (61) arranged below the net cloth, the inserting plates (61) are hinged with each other, the second positioning column (7) comprises a column body (71), a walking assembly and a piling assembly, the piling assembly comprises an inner rod (72), a reset spring (721) and an operating rod (73), the utility model discloses a walking machine, including post (71), pole (71), reset spring (721), cylinder (71), walking subassembly, pole (71), walking subassembly, a plurality of fastener (8) are fixed to action bars (73) and interior pole (72) set up, pole (72) cover is established inside cylinder (71) and is slided with cylinder (71), reset spring (721) keep the upper end of action bars (73) to stretch out cylinder (71) upper end, cylinder (71) and interior pole (72) all are provided with radial through-groove (74) along axial extension that link up, screen cloth and picture peg (61) pass through groove (74), walking subassembly sets up two lateral surfaces at cylinder (71) relative through-groove (74), and this walking subassembly is articulated each other with cylinder (71), a plurality of picture peg (61) top lateral extension has first fastener (8), the inner side wall of the inner rod (72) is provided with a first clamping piece (8) and a second clamping piece (9).
5. The crayfish rice crop rotation cultivation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: the net cloth top edge is provided with smooth sideband, the corresponding logical groove (74) inside wall symmetry in interior pole (72) top is provided with two guide pulleys (11), forms the clearance that supplies the sideband to pass through between two guide pulleys (11), the sideband top is provided with card limit (63), and this card limit (63) card is held in two guide pulleys (11) tops.
6. The crayfish rice rotation cultivation method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the first clamping piece (8) is provided with a U-shaped groove (12) with an opening at the upper end, and the second clamping piece (9) is clamped into the U-shaped groove (12).
7. The crayfish rice rotation cultivation method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the inner rod (72) is further provided with two axially through accommodating grooves (13), the two accommodating grooves (13) are correspondingly arranged on two sides of the through groove (74), the two sides of the mesh are provided with vertically arranged supporting sheets (26) in a length direction in an arrangement manner, the two accommodating grooves (13) are respectively used for accommodating the two supporting sheets (26), the side belt is provided with a sleeve (14) arranged corresponding to the U-shaped groove (12), the second clamping piece (9) is arranged at the bottom of the accommodating groove (13) and used for bearing the supporting sheets (26), a bearing sheet (15) is rotatably arranged on the second clamping piece (9), a through hole (16) is formed in the second clamping piece (9), a mounting hole (17) is formed in the inner wall of the through hole (16) of the second clamping piece (9), the bearing sheet (15) covers the through hole (16), a connecting shaft (18) is arranged on the bearing sheet (15), the connecting shaft (18) and the mounting hole (17) are rotatably arranged, an elastic convex block (19) is arranged on the connecting shaft (18), the mounting hole (17) is provided with a positioning hole (20) clamped with the elastic block (19), the positioning hole (20), and a convex column (20) is arranged in the lower end of the positioning hole (20) opposite to the U-shaped groove (12) and a convex column (21) is arranged in the positioning hole (9), the convex column (21) is inserted into the positioning hole (20) and then the locking of the elastic lug (19) on the connecting shaft (18) is released, a balance iron sheet (22) is arranged on the lower surface of the bearing sheet (15), the balance iron sheet (22) keeps the bearing sheet (15) horizontal when no bearing exists, one end of the support sheet (26) is fixed with the first clamping piece (8), and the other end of the support sheet is inserted into the sleeve (14).
8. The crayfish rice rotation cultivation method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the walking assembly comprises a main rod (23), a branch rod (24) and rollers (25), wherein the upper end of the main rod (23) is hinged to a cylinder (71), one end of the branch rod (24) is hinged to the main rod (23), and the other end of the branch rod is connected with the cylinder (71) in a locking mode.
9. The crayfish rice rotation cultivation method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the lower ends of the first positioning column (5) and the second positioning column (7) are pointed.
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