CN109247281A - A kind of rice field-culture pond makes knots altogether closes aquaculture system and cultural method - Google Patents
A kind of rice field-culture pond makes knots altogether closes aquaculture system and cultural method Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
It is made knots altogether the present invention relates to a kind of rice field-culture pond and closes aquaculture system and cultural method.The cultivating system includes the circulation flowing water culture zone being located in culture pond and the area Dao Xiagongzuo being made of rice field, circulation flowing water culture zone includes being sequentially arranged and the clean water area of circulation, fish culture slot and contraminated zone, the area Dao Xiagongzuo is equipped with the water inlet communicated with contraminated zone and the water outlet communicated with clean water area, water inlet are arranged away from each other with water outlet.Cultural method based on the cultivating system includes Pelteobagrus fulvidraco breeding process and cray breeding process.The system makes water body in rice field become " running water ", has sufficiently carried out the exchange and utilization of water nutrition substance, has promoted the growth of cray；Meanwhile " waste " of the flowing water culture zone discharge of culture pond circulation being made to obtain more valuable utilization, purifying water body is fully utilized, and finally realizes aquaculture wastewater zero-emission and the maximization of land use.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agriculture aquaculture field, it is specifically related to a kind of rice field-culture pond and makes knots conjunction aquaculture altogether
System and cultural method.
Background technique
Culture pond circulation flowing water culture is a kind of Novel cultivation mode of rising in recent years, is to cultivate original culture pond
Fish etc. concentrate in flowing water culture slot being cultivated, and stir water body with aerator and enter flowing water culture slot, water body is by supporting
After growing slot, need to collect in wherein remaining feed, excrement etc., then remove culture pond system.In removed water body
The excreta of the aquatic livestock contained, the feed substances being partially dissolved in water body and fecal materials are then absorbed by water plant etc.
It returns in culture pond system and is recycled afterwards.Although cultivation density is high in this mode breeding trough, supported outside breeding trough
It grows pool water body to use essentially as clarifier-tank, water body utilization rate is not high, causes the culture pond water body wasting of resources.
Shrimp rice makees to be to belong to a kind of feeding aquaculture model combined of rice shrimp species altogether, i.e., cray is cultivated in rice field, in rice
Cray and rice are shared weal and woe in rice field during plantation.By ditching in rice field surrounding and field, germplasm water plant in ditch,
Intercropping cray in ditch and rice field, cray ingest organic matter, insect etc., rice absorbing cray excrement, residual bait in rice field
And the substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus.Water body in rice field is cultivated under this mode not flow substantially, is belonged to " stagnant water ", is unfavorable for cray
Growth is also unfavorable for the abundant exchange and utilization of nutriment in breeding water body.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of rice field-culture ponds to make knots conjunction aquaculture system altogether.It should
System makes water body in rice field become " running water ", has sufficiently carried out the exchange and utilization of water nutrition substance, has promoted cray
Growth；Meanwhile " waste " of the flowing water culture zone discharge of culture pond circulation being made to obtain more valuable utilization, purifying water body also obtains
It makes full use of, finally realizes aquaculture wastewater zero-emission and the maximization of land use.
In order to achieve the object of the present invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of rice field-culture pond makes knots conjunction aquaculture system altogether, including the circulation flowing water culture zone being located in culture pond
And the area Dao Xiagongzuo being made of rice field, the circulation flowing water culture zone include be sequentially arranged and the clean water area of circulation,
Fish culture slot and contraminated zone, the area Dao Xiagongzuo be equipped with the water inlet that is communicated with the contraminated zone and with the water purification
The water outlet that area communicates, the water inlet are arranged away from each other with water outlet.
Further technical solution: the rice shrimp makees area edge altogether and is equipped with peripheral ridge, and the culture pond is disposed around described
On the outside of the area Dao Xiagongzuo and annular runner is formed, passes through the peripheral ridge phase between the area Dao Xiagongzuo and the culture pond
Every the area the Dao Xiagongzuo inside, which is equipped with, to be connect with the peripheral ridge and to form " S " type runner inside the area Dao Xiagongzuo
Inside ridge, described type runner one end " S " be the water inlet, " S " the type runner other end be the water outlet.
Further technical solution: the fish culture slot includes multiple breeding troughs being arranged in juxtaposition, the breeding trough two
End is respectively equipped with the block for preventing fish from escaping from, and the breeding trough upstream is equipped with the oxygenation for pushing water body to flow in breeding trough
Wetting system is pushed away, the contraminated zone, which is equipped with, pushes the water in contraminated zone to push away wetting system to the oxygenation that the area Dao Xiagongzuo is flowed.
Further technical solution: the area Dao Xiagongzuo is stripped, and the periphery ridge includes being located at the rice shrimp
Make the long ridge of section length direction two sides and the short ridge positioned at the area Dao Xiagongzuo both ends altogether, be connected on the long ridge with
Long ridge forms the internal ridge of T-shape structure, the internal ridge be arranged at intervals with along the long ridge it is multiple, it is described
Internal ridge is alternately arranged to form described " S " type runner along the long ridge in the area Dao Xiagongzuo two sides.
Further technical solution: rice field area is equipped in the area Dao Xiagongzuo and along the peripheral ridge and inside
The gutter of ridge edge arrangement, the periphery ridge are equipped with anti-escape isolation strip, and the water inlet is respectively equipped with water outlet
Anti-escape isolation mesh bag.
Further technical solution: being additionally provided with backwater channel in the culture pond, the backwater channel includes along water flow side
To the intake tunnel, intermediate channel and exhalant canal sequentially formed, between the intake tunnel and the contraminated zone and institute
It states and is connected to or separates by culvert respectively between intake tunnel and intermediate channel, the water outlet is logical by intermediate channel, water outlet
Road is connected to the clean water area, and the intermediate channel, exhalant canal and clean water area constitute water body double purification area.
Further technical solution: the circulation flowing water culture zone accounts for the 15-20% of culture pond Yu the rice field gross area, described
The area Dao Xiagongzuo accounts for the 70-75% of culture pond Yu the rice field gross area, and the backwater channel accounts for the 5- of culture pond Yu the rice field gross area
15%；The fish culture slot accounts for the 20-25% of the circulation flowing water culture zone gross area, and the clean water area accounts for circulation flowing water culture zone
The 55-60% of the gross area, the contraminated zone account for the 20-25% of the circulation flowing water culture zone gross area；The gutter accounts for rice shrimp and makees altogether
The 10-15% of area's gross area.
Further technical solution: the circulation flowing water culture zone is located at the area Dao Xiagongzuo one end, and the centre is logical
Road is located at the area the Dao Xiagongzuo other end, and the intake tunnel is located at the area Dao Xiagongzuo side, the exhalant canal position
In the area the Dao Xiagongzuo other side.
It is a further object to provide a kind of to make knots the cultivation for closing aquaculture system based on rice field-culture pond altogether
Method.The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
It is a kind of to make knots the cultural method for closing aquaculture system, including Pelteobagrus fulvidraco cultivation altogether based on the rice field-culture pond
Process and cray breeding process；
About Pelteobagrus fulvidraco breeding process the following steps are included:
Step 1, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco: June is launched, selection is the poly- of 0.25-0.35mg/L using concentration without sick and wounded Pelteobagrus fulvidraco
Dimension ketone iodine solution carries out disinfection to the Pelteobagrus fulvidraco 4-6 minutes, then launches the Pelteobagrus fulvidraco into the fish culture slot, institute
Pelteobagrus fulvidraco specification 5-8g/ tail is stated, the Pelteobagrus fulvidraco cultivation density is 350-400 tail/cubic meter water body；
According to 90-110 tail/mu variegated carp, 90-110 tail/mu silver carp and 20-30Kg/ mus of freshwater mussel in the culture pond
Water body double purification area in launch, while in water body double purification the area in plantation water purification plant；
Step 2, bait feeding stage by stage:
It just puts the stage: under Pelteobagrus fulvidraco in 40-50 days of fish culture slot, feeding protein content 42-44%, fat content
The Pelteobagrus fulvidraco special swelling feed of 7-9% feeds the 5-8% that total amount is fish body weight daily, feeds daily 4 times, wherein daily 9:
00 feeding volume account for daily feed total amount 13-17%, 12:00 feeding volume account for feed total amount 18-22% daily, daily 15:00 is fed
Amount accounts for and feeds total amount 23-27% daily, daily 19:00 feeding volume accounts for and feeds total amount 38-42% daily；Just put circulation described in the stage
Flowing water culture area water velocity is 1-3cm/s；
The quick production phase: under Pelteobagrus fulvidraco after 40-50 days of fish culture slot, protein content 40-42%, rouge are fed
The Pelteobagrus fulvidraco special swelling feed of fat content 5-7% feeds the 5-8% that total amount is fish body weight daily, feeds daily 3 times, wherein
Daily 9:00 feeding volume accounts for and feeds total amount 23-27% daily, daily 13:00 feeding volume accounts for and feeds total amount 23-27%, daily daily
19:00 feeding volume accounts for feeds total amount 48-52% daily；Circulation flowing water culture zone water velocity described in the quick production phase is 5-
7cm/s；
Step 3, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco harvests: Pelteobagrus fulvidraco cultivation starts to catch after 10-12 months；
About cray breeding process the following steps are included:
Step 1, it puts preceding preparation in a suitable place to breed: putting before shrimp 10-15 days, clear up rice field gutter, including remove surface dust, correct furrow bank, often
Mu rice field gutter quick lime 20-50kg carries out thorough ditch cleaning disinfection to gutter, kills harmful organisms；7-10 days before putting in a suitable place to breed, rice
Tanaka fills the water 30-50cm, discharges poultry muck 800-1000kg in the gutter of rice field per acre, and 25-30 kilograms of spiral shell is launched in rice field per acre
Snail, while submerged plant is transplanted in the gutter of rice field, submerged plant accounts for the 40-50% of rice field gutter area；
Step 2, cray is launched and feeds:
Step 2-1, first is launched and feeds:
Start March launch shrimp seedling, launch specification 100-200 tail/kilogram, per acre rice field launch 28-32 kilograms, shrimp seedling is put
With concentration it is that 2-4% saline solution is impregnated and carried out disinfection for 4-6 minutes before supporting, is uniformly launched along gutter later；
The cray special compound feed of diameter 1.5-1.7mm and protein content 38-42% are fed within first 10 days, daily
16:00 is fed once；Wherein the 1st day, 1% that total amount is shrimp weight was fed daily；The 2-3 days, feeding total amount daily was shrimp body
The 2% of weight；The 4-10 days, 3% that total amount is shrimp weight was fed daily；
The cray special compound feed of diameter 2.1-2.3mm and protein content 28-30% are fed after 10 days, it is daily to throw
Feed the 3-5% that total amount is shrimp weight, feed 2 times daily, wherein morning 9:00 feeding volume account for feed daily total amount 28-32%,
Afternoon, 16:00 feeding volume accounted for the 68-72% for feeding total amount daily；After 30 days, the 6- that total amount rises to shrimp weight is fed daily
8%；
Late April starts to catch first into shrimp, be up to specification caught at shrimp and the juvenile prawn by weight less than 20 grams
Continue to cultivate, until June, rice transplanting then stop fishing and reserve seed shrimp in rice field, reserved seed shrimp specification is for fishing
20-30 tail/kilogram；Quantity is 12-15kg per acre；
Step 2-2, second batch is launched and is fed:
July, the seed shrimp supplement for selecting sexual gland Developmental maturity good are launched into rice field, and specification 30-50 tail/thousand are launched
Gram, female-male proportion presses 3:1, and rice field launches 23-27 kilograms per acre；Seed shrimp with concentration is that 2-4% saline solution impregnates 4-6 point before launching
Clock carries out disinfection, and is uniformly launched along gutter later；
The cray special compound feed of diameter 2.1-2.3mm and protein content 28-30% are fed after dispensing, it is daily to throw
1% that total amount is the shrimp weight that second batch is launched is fed, every afternoon, 16:00 was fed once；
Start in 8-9 month catch second batch lobster, be up to specification non-oogenesis caught at shrimp after simultaneously by oogenesis at shrimp
Continue to cultivate, fishing in every 9-11 days is primary；
Step 2-3, third batch are launched and are fed:
9-10 month, select oogenesis at shrimp launch into rice field, dispensings specification be 20-30 tail/kilogram, per acre rice field dispensing
13-17 kilograms；
The cray special compound feed of diameter 2.1-2.3mm and protein content 28-30% are fed after dispensing, it is daily to throw
Hello total amount is the 3-5% for the shrimp weight that third batch is launched, and is fed daily 2 times, and wherein morning 9:00 feeding volume accounts for feeds always daily
28-32%, the 16:00 feeding volume in afternoon of amount account for the 68-72% for feeding total amount daily；
In October, after oogenesis hatches juvenile prawn at shrimp, harvesting continues to feed at shrimp, juvenile prawn；When water temperature in winter is lower than 10 DEG C
When, the dedicated cooperation of cray for feeding 1.5-1.7mm and protein content 38-42% for every 5-7 days when weather is fine at noon is raised
Material 1 time, until second year March, fishing is listed at shrimp, subsequently into next culture-cycle.
Further technical solution: the rice selects rich two major cliques column or new two major clique column or Shan major clique column；
The rice cultivation method: before rice shoot plantation, rice field is uniformly spread to field face simultaneously according to 280-320Kg organic fertilizer per acre
It is even that rake is turned over machine, is finally overflow water, and is established fence between rice field area and rice field gutter, prevents small dragon before rice transplanting
Shrimp enters rice field area；Rice field area depth of water 2-4cm when rice shoot is planted, early June rice shoot take wide-and narrow-row item to plant and side row dense planting phase
In conjunction with mode planted, control wide-and narrow-row item cultivation mode between wide row 38-42cm, narrow row 18-22cm, wide row and narrow row
Ten thousand plants of distance 16-18cm, mu density in planting 1.5-2.0 rice shoots control line width 38-42cm, mu density in planting in side row dense planting mode
4.5-5.0 ten thousand plants of rice shoots；Fence between rice field area and rice field gutter was removed in 15-20 days after rice transplanting.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) present invention combines circulation flowing water culture with rice shrimp as cultural technique altogether, forms rice-shrimp-fish circulation water
Ecology synthesis breeding integrated technology, the interior fish faeces generated of the fish culture slot and nitrogen, phosphorus, organic matter in water body are made
Rice field is flowed by rice absorbing by water circulation for nutriment, can purifying aquatic water, reduce making for organic fertilizer
Dosage, and rice can be promoted well to grow；Fish, which eats surplus residual bait and can be used as the feed of cray, promotes its growth, reduces feed wave
Take.
The use of cultivating system of the present invention enables applying quantity of chemical fertilizer in rice field to reduce 30%, and Pesticide use amount subtracts
Few about 40%, cray feed 20-30% is saved, can also save the usage amount of water body water transfer cleanser up to 20%, resultant effect
Significantly.
The present invention makes culture pond and rice field form the benign ecological circulation chain of a closure, plays the comprehensive breeding of rice fish and is opening up
The effect in fishery function and fishery space is opened up, breeding water body eutrophication and breeding tail water pollution problem are fundamentally solved,
Disease is reduced, the quality of rice and aquatic products is promoted, it is ensured that the quality safety of aquaculture product is realized ecology, environmental protection, followed
Ring, efficient breeding and breeding water zero-emission.It realizes " Tian Sanyong ", accomplishes that rice, shrimp, fish three are had a good harvest.
(2) area Dao Xiagongzuo is separated to form " S " type runner by T-shape ridge by the present invention, realizes that reinforce rice shrimp makees altogether
It water body flow and is recycled in area, while being conducive to recycle flowing water culture zone institute's sewerage after through the area Dao Xiagongzuo
To effective purification.Multiple length that can extend " S " type runner are arranged along long ridge interval in the internal ridge, are further conducive to
Flowing water is sufficiently cleaned up in rice shrimp workspace.
(3) effect of gutter of the present invention is: when rice harvesting needs to reduce rice field area water level, the gutter can
With for water storage to meet the existence of cray needed for, i.e., cray can be transferred in gutter and be supported in rice harvesting
It grows, neither influences rice harvesting in this way, nor affect on the normal cultivation of cray.
(4) anti-escape isolation strip of the present invention can prevent cray from escaping from the area Dao Xiagongzuo, the area Dao Xiagongzuo
The anti-escape separation net of water inlet and water outlet can prevent the fish in culture pond from entering the area Dao Xiagongzuo and endangering ejection shrimp, together
When prevent cray in the area Dao Xiagongzuo from going in culture pond.
(5) intake tunnel both ends of the present invention are respectively equipped with culvert, in this way convenient for machinery pass through above culvert and under
Field operation and disengaging rice field.After clough is closed, rice field water inlet is opened, it is ensured that water body flows through the area Dao Xiagongzuo,
Then by intermediate channel and exhalant canal, the clarifier-tank of circulation flowing water culture zone is flowed back into.Clough open, rice field into
After the mouth of a river is closed, it is ensured that water body flows through intake tunnel, lateral access and exhalant canal, and without the area Dao Xiagongzuo, it can use
Water level in paddy field is reduced when roasting field, harvesting.
(6) circulation flowing water culture zone of the present invention, rice shrimp workspace, backwater channel, fish culture slot, clean water area, dirt
Pool, the area Dao Xiagongzuo, gutter area relationship meet the rice not underproduction, guarantee grain security under the premise of, utmostly
The comprehensive value that soil is utilized, while can tail water in sufficiently cleaned up high density fish culture slot, and carry out circulation benefit
With.The area Dao Xiagongzuo and purifying area are to the comprehensive purifying utilizing status of flowing water breeding trough tail water be discharged up to 60% or more.
(7) water of the present invention after rice field recycles flows into purifying area, by variegated carp, silver carp and water purification plant into one
After step purification absorbs, water quality, which reaches, concentrates fish culture water supply standard, and Dissolved Oxygen in Water is greater than 4mg/L, and ammonia-nitrogen content is small
In 0.02mg/L, content of nitrite is less than 0.02mg/L.
Fish culture slot of the present invention water quality under the conditions of flowing water culture is preferable, and corresponding cultural method improves yellow forehead
Fish survival rate, cultivation survival rate is up to 90% or more.The fish culture slot is for concentrating cultivation, it is easier to feed and manage, save
Shi Shengli is improved efficiency；Repeatedly feed in batches daily, avoid the waste of bait, reduce feed coefficient, feed coefficient down to
1.3 hereinafter, greatly save aquaculture cost.
Cray of the present invention prepares that a good ecological environment can be created for cray before putting in a suitable place to breed, in addition throws in batches
Dispensing can be replenished in time into shrimp by putting, and can voluntarily be bred, and supplemented with the shrimp seedling resource in rice field, save purchase shrimp seedling cost.
And food source is relatively abundant in rice field at this time, close shrimp can voluntarily ingest organic debris in the recirculated water of rice field, zooplankter,
Aquatic insect and water plant etc. are used as food, save cray feedstuff feeding amount, reduce aquaculture cost.Whole year is multiple in batches simultaneously
Launch cray, paddy field condition is utilized to the greatest extent, ensure that in rice field autumn, winter, spring also can output a part at
Shrimp, having reached fishing time whole year can all carry out, and the specific harvesting time can need flexibly to grasp according to market conditions and cultivation, reach
The maximization of culture efficiency is arrived.
The present invention makes monolith rice field form the benign ecological circulation chain of a closure, fundamentally solves breeding water body richness battalion
Feedingization and the pollution problem of breeding tail water, while soil being allowed to be fully used, play maximum economic benefit and ecological benefits.It can
Realize that 100 mu of soils produce 400000 grams/acre of rice per year, 220,000 grams/acre of cray, 825,000 grams/acre of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, benefit per mu reaches
9300 yuan.It realizes " Tian Sanyong ", accomplishes that rice, shrimp, fish three are had a good harvest.
(8) the rice varieties growth period that the present invention selects is short, is no more than 135 days, can gather in time, adds as early as possible in rice field
Water, being more advantageous to cray autumn burrows breeding, improves breeding success rate and seed quantity.Wide-and narrow-row rice cultivating method was both
It ensure that the abundance of rice illumination, while being also convenient for cray foraging activity in rice field.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is cultivating system structural schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is gutter structural schematic diagram.
11- recycles flowing water culture zone；The clean water area 111-；112- fish culture slot；The contraminated zone 113-；114- intake tunnel；
115- intermediate channel；116- exhalant canal；117- culvert；The area 12- Dao Xiagongzuo；121- water inlet；122- water outlet；Outside 123-
The levee-surrounded field ridge；1231- long ridge；The short ridge of 1232-；Ridge inside 124-；The rice field 125- area；126- gutter.
Specific embodiment
More specific detail is made to technical solution of the present invention below with reference to embodiment:
Embodiment 1
It includes being located in culture pond that rice field-culture pond of the present invention, which makes knots close aquaculture system altogether, as shown in Figure 1:
Circulation flowing water culture zone 11 and the area Dao Xiagongzuo 12 being made of rice field, the circulation flowing water culture zone 11 include being sequentially arranged
And clean water area 111, fish culture slot 112 and the contraminated zone 113 of circulation, the area Dao Xiagongzuo 12 are equipped with and the dirt
The water inlet 121 that pool 113 communicates and the water outlet 122 communicated with the clean water area 111, the water inlet 121 and water outlet
Mouth 122 is arranged away from each other.
12 edge of the area Dao Xiagongzuo is equipped with peripheral ridge 123, and the culture pond is disposed around the area Dao Xiagongzuo 12
Outside and formation annular runner are separated by between the area Dao Xiagongzuo 12 and the culture pond by the peripheral ridge 123, institute
It states to be equipped with inside the area Dao Xiagongzuo 12 and is connect with the peripheral ridge 123 and to form " S " type stream inside the area Dao Xiagongzuo 12
The inside ridge 124 in road, the periphery ridge 123, internal ridge 124 are 1-1.2m high, wide 3m or more, " S " the type runner one
End is the water inlet 121, and " S " the type runner other end is the water outlet 122.
The area Dao Xiagongzuo 12 is stripped, and the periphery ridge 123 includes being located at 12 length of the area Dao Xiagongzuo
The long ridge 1231 of direction two sides and short ridge 1232 positioned at the area Dao Xiagongzuo both ends are connected on the long ridge 1231
The internal ridge 124 of T-shape structure is formed with long ridge, the internal ridge 124 is set along the long interval of ridge 1231
It is equipped with multiple, the internal ridge is alternately arranged to form described " S " type runner along the long ridge in 12 two sides of the area Dao Xiagongzuo.
It is as shown in Figure 2: rice field area 125 to be equipped in the area Dao Xiagongzuo 12 and along the peripheral ridge and internal field
The gutter 126 of ridge edge arrangement, mouth width 4m on the gutter 126, bottom width 1.6m, deep 1-1.2m are set on the periphery ridge 123
There is anti-escape isolation strip, the anti-escape isolation strip is arranged using polyethylene screen cloth, color steel tile along rice field surrounding.The water inlet 121
Be respectively equipped at water outlet 122 it is anti-escape mesh bag is isolated, i.e., the isolation mesh bag of 4 meters of the length being made into using 80 mesh screen cloths prevents small dragon
Shrimp escapes from, while preventing the fish of culture zone from entering rice field and endangering shell shrimp.
The fish culture slot 112 includes multiple breeding troughs being arranged in juxtaposition, and the breeding trough both ends are respectively equipped with and prevent
The block that fish escape from, the breeding trough upstream is equipped with the oxygenation for pushing water body to flow in breeding trough and pushes away wetting system, described
Contraminated zone 113, which is equipped with, pushes the water in contraminated zone to push away wetting system to the oxygenation that the area Dao Xiagongzuo is flowed.5-6 meters of the cultivation groove width,
It is 2-2.5 meters high.
Backwater channel is additionally provided in the culture pond, the backwater channel includes that the water inlet sequentially formed along water (flow) direction is led to
Road 114, intermediate channel 115 and exhalant canal 116, between the intake tunnel 114 and the contraminated zone 113 and it is described into
It is connected to or separates by culvert 117 respectively between aquaporin 114 and intermediate channel 115, the water outlet 122 passes through intermediate channel
115, exhalant canal 116 is connected to the clean water area, and the intermediate channel 115, exhalant canal 116 and clean water area 111 are constituted
Water body double purification area.
The circulation flowing water culture zone 11 is located at described 12 one end of the area Dao Xiagongzuo, and the intermediate channel 115 is located at described
12 other end of the area Dao Xiagongzuo, the intake tunnel 114 are located at 12 side of the area Dao Xiagongzuo, the exhalant canal 116
In 12 other side of the area Dao Xiagongzuo.
The circulation flowing water culture zone 11 accounts for the 15-20% of culture pond Yu the rice field gross area, and the area Dao Xiagongzuo 12 accounts for
The 70-75% of culture pond and the rice field gross area, the backwater channel account for the 5-15% of culture pond Yu the rice field gross area；The fish
Breeding trough 112 accounts for the 20-25% of the circulation flowing water culture zone gross area, and the clean water area 111 accounts for the circulation flowing water culture zone gross area
55-60%, the contraminated zone 113 account for circulation the flowing water culture zone gross area 20-25%；The gutter 126 accounts for rice shrimp and makees altogether
The 10-15% of 12 gross area of area.
Embodiment 2
Make knots the cultural method for closing aquaculture system, including Pelteobagrus fulvidraco breeding process altogether based on the rice field-culture pond
And cray breeding process；
About Pelteobagrus fulvidraco breeding process the following steps are included:
Step 1, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco: June is launched, selection is without sick and wounded Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, the povidone for being 0.25mg/L using concentration
Iodine solution carries out disinfection to the Pelteobagrus fulvidraco 4 minutes, then launches the Pelteobagrus fulvidraco into the fish culture slot, the Huang forehead
Fish specification 5g/ tail, the Pelteobagrus fulvidraco cultivation density are 350 tails/cubic meter water body；
It is secondary in the water body of the culture pond according to 90 tails/mu variegated carp, 90 tails/mu silver carp and 20Kg/ mus of freshwater mussel
It is launched in purifying area, while planting water purification plant, such as water spinach in water body double purification area；
Step 2, bait feeding stage by stage:
It just puts the stage: under Pelteobagrus fulvidraco in 40 days of fish culture slot, feeding protein content 42%, fat content 7%
Pelteobagrus fulvidraco special swelling feed feeds 5% that total amount is fish body weight daily, feeds daily 4 times, wherein daily 9:00 feeding volume accounts for
Feed total amount 13% daily, 12:00 feeding volume account for feed total amount 18% daily, daily 15:00 feeding volume accounts for and feeds total amount daily
27%, daily 19:00 feeding volume accounts for feeds total amount 42% daily；Just putting circulation flowing water culture zone water velocity described in the stage is
1cm/s；
The quick production phase: under Pelteobagrus fulvidraco after 40 days of fish culture slot, protein content 40%, fat content are fed
5% Pelteobagrus fulvidraco special swelling feed feeds 5% that total amount is fish body weight daily, feeds daily 3 times, wherein daily 9:00 is thrown
Feed amount account for feed total amount 23% daily, daily 13:00 feeding volume account for feed total amount 27% daily, daily 19:00 feeding volume accounts for often
Day feeds total amount 50%；Circulation flowing water culture zone water velocity described in the quick production phase is 5cm/s；
Step 3, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco harvests: Pelteobagrus fulvidraco starts to catch after cultivating 10 months；
About cray breeding process the following steps are included:
Step 1, it puts preceding preparation in a suitable place to breed: putting before shrimp 10 days, clear up rice field gutter, including remove surface dust, correct furrow bank, per acre rice
Contour furrow quick lime 20kg carries out thorough ditch cleaning disinfection to gutter, kills harmful organisms, such as: wild fishes class, pathogenic bacteria；It puts
It supports first 7 days, 30cm is filled the water in rice field, discharge poultry muck 800kg in the gutter of rice field per acre, 25 kilograms of spiral shells are launched in rice field per acre
Snail, while submerged plant is transplanted in the gutter of rice field, such as: water caltrop, hydrilla verticillata, water spinach, submerged plant account for rice field gutter face
Long-pending 40%；
Step 2, cray is launched and feeds:
Step 2-1, first is launched and feeds:
Start March launch shrimp seedling, launch 100 tail of specification/kilogram, per acre rice field launch 28 kilograms, shrimp seedling puts preceding use in a suitable place to breed
Concentration is that the immersion of 2% saline solution carries out disinfection for 4 minutes, is uniformly launched along gutter later；
The cray special compound feed of diameter 1.5mm and protein content 38% is fed within first 10 days, daily 16:00 is fed
Once；Wherein the 1st day, 1% that total amount is shrimp weight was fed daily；The 2-3 days, 2% that total amount is shrimp weight was fed daily；The
4-10 days, 3% that total amount is shrimp weight was fed daily；
The cray special compound feed that diameter 2.1mm and protein content 28% are fed after 10 days, feeds total amount daily
It is the 3% of shrimp weight, feeds daily 2 times, wherein morning 9:00 feeding volume accounts for feed total amount daily 28%, 16:00 in afternoon and throws
The amount of feeding accounts for feeds the 72% of total amount daily；After 30 days, total amount rises to shrimp weight 6% is fed daily；
Late April starts to catch first into shrimp, be up to specification caught at shrimp and the juvenile prawn by weight less than 20 grams
Continue to cultivate, until June, rice transplanting then stop fishing and reserve seed shrimp in rice field, reserved seed shrimp specification is for fishing
20 tails/kilogram；Quantity is 12kg per acre；.
Step 2-2, second batch is launched and is fed:
July, the seed shrimp supplement for selecting sexual gland Developmental maturity good are launched into rice field, and dispensing 30 tail of specification/kilogram, it is female
Male ratio presses 3:1, and rice field launches 23 kilograms per acre；Seed shrimp is impregnated 4 minutes with concentration for 2% saline solution before launching to carry out disinfection,
It is uniformly launched along gutter later；
The cray special compound feed that diameter 2.1mm and protein content 28% are fed after dispensing, feeds total amount daily
It is the 1% of the shrimp weight that second batch is launched, every afternoon, 16:00 was fed once；
Start in 8-9 month catch second batch lobster, be up to specification non-oogenesis caught at shrimp after simultaneously by oogenesis at shrimp
Continue to cultivate, fishing in every 9 days is primary；
Step 2-3, third batch are launched and are fed:
September part, select oogenesis at shrimp launch into rice field, dispensings specification be 20 tails/kilogram, per acre rice field dispensing 13,000
Gram；
The cray special compound feed that diameter 2.1mm and protein content 28% are fed after dispensing, feeds total amount daily
Be the 3% of the shrimp weight that third batch is launched, feed 2 times daily, wherein morning 9:00 feeding volume account for feed daily total amount 28%,
16:00 feeding volume accounted for and fed the 72% of total amount daily afternoon；
In October, after oogenesis hatches juvenile prawn at shrimp, harvesting continues to feed at shrimp, juvenile prawn；When water temperature in winter is lower than 10 DEG C
When, cray special compound feed 1 time of 1.5mm and protein content 38% is fed within every 5 days when weather is fine at noon, until
Second year March, fishing is listed at shrimp, subsequently into next culture-cycle.
The rice selects rich two major cliques column；The rice cultivation method: before rice shoot plantation, rice field is according to 280Kg per acre
Organic fertilizer is uniformly spread to field face and to turn over rake with machine even, finally overflows water, and establishes and enclose between rice field area and rice field gutter
Column prevents cray before rice transplanting from entering rice field area；Rice field area depth of water 2cm when rice shoot is planted, early June rice shoot take width
The cultivation of row item is planted with the mode that side row dense planting combines, and controls wide row 38cm, narrow row 18cm, width in wide-and narrow-row item cultivation mode
2.0 ten thousand plants of distance 16cm, mu density in planting rice shoots between capable and narrow row control line width 38cm, mu density in planting in side row dense planting mode
5.0 ten thousand plants of rice shoots；Fence between rice field area and rice field gutter was removed in 15 days after rice transplanting.
Embodiment 3
Make knots the cultural method for closing aquaculture system, including Pelteobagrus fulvidraco breeding process altogether based on the rice field-culture pond
And cray breeding process；
About Pelteobagrus fulvidraco breeding process the following steps are included:
Step 1, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco: June is launched, selection is without sick and wounded Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, the povidone for being 0.30mg/L using concentration
Iodine solution carries out disinfection to the Pelteobagrus fulvidraco 5 minutes, then launches the Pelteobagrus fulvidraco into the fish culture slot, the Huang forehead
Fish specification 7g/ tail, the Pelteobagrus fulvidraco cultivation density are 380 tails/cubic meter water body；
According to 100 tails/mu variegated carp, 100 tails/mu silver carp and 25Kg/ mus of freshwater mussel the culture pond water body two
It is launched in secondary purifying area, while planting water purification plant, such as water spinach in water body double purification area；
Step 2, bait feeding stage by stage:
It just puts the stage: under Pelteobagrus fulvidraco in 45 days of fish culture slot, feeding protein content 43%, fat content 8%
Pelteobagrus fulvidraco special swelling feed feeds 6% that total amount is fish body weight daily, feeds daily 4 times, wherein daily 9:00 feeding volume accounts for
Feed total amount 15% daily, 12:00 feeding volume account for feed total amount 20% daily, daily 15:00 feeding volume accounts for and feeds total amount daily
25%, daily 19:00 feeding volume accounts for feeds total amount 40% daily；Just putting circulation flowing water culture zone water velocity described in the stage is
2cm/s；
The quick production phase: under Pelteobagrus fulvidraco after 45 days of fish culture slot, protein content 41, fat content are fed
6% Pelteobagrus fulvidraco special swelling feed feeds 6% that total amount is fish body weight daily, feeds daily 3 times, wherein daily 9:00 is thrown
Feed amount account for feed total amount 25% daily, daily 13:00 feeding volume account for feed total amount 25% daily, daily 19:00 feeding volume accounts for often
Day feeds total amount 50%；Circulation flowing water culture zone water velocity described in the quick production phase is 6cm/s；
Step 3, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco harvests: Pelteobagrus fulvidraco starts to catch after cultivating 11 months；
About cray breeding process the following steps are included:
Step 1, it puts preceding preparation in a suitable place to breed: putting before shrimp 12 days, clear up rice field gutter, including remove surface dust, correct furrow bank, per acre rice
Contour furrow quick lime 35kg carries out thorough ditch cleaning disinfection to gutter, kills harmful organisms, such as: wild fishes class, pathogenic bacteria；It puts
It supports first 8 days, 40cm is filled the water in rice field, discharge poultry muck 900kg in the gutter of rice field per acre, 28 kilograms of spiral shells are launched in rice field per acre
Snail, while submerged plant is transplanted in the gutter of rice field, such as: water caltrop, hydrilla verticillata, water spinach, submerged plant account for rice field gutter face
Long-pending 45%；
Step 2, cray is launched and feeds:
Step 2-1, first is launched and feeds:
Start March launch shrimp seedling, launch 150 tail of specification/kilogram, per acre rice field launch 30 kilograms, shrimp seedling puts preceding use in a suitable place to breed
Concentration is that the immersion of 3% saline solution carries out disinfection for 5 minutes, is uniformly launched along gutter later；
The cray special compound feed of diameter 1.6mm and protein content 40% is fed within first 10 days, daily 16:00 is fed
Once；Wherein the 1st day, 1% that total amount is shrimp weight was fed daily；The 2-3 days, 2% that total amount is shrimp weight was fed daily；The
4-10 days, 3% that total amount is shrimp weight was fed daily；
The cray special compound feed that diameter 2.2mm and protein content 29% are fed after 10 days, feeds total amount daily
It is the 4 of shrimp weight, feeds 2 times daily, wherein morning 9:00 feeding volume, which accounts for, feeds the 30% of total amount, 16:00 in afternoon daily and feed
Amount accounts for feeds the 70% of total amount daily；After 30 days, total amount rises to shrimp weight 7% is fed daily；
Late April starts to catch first into shrimp, be up to specification caught at shrimp and the juvenile prawn by weight less than 20 grams
Continue to cultivate, until June, rice transplanting then stop fishing and reserve seed shrimp in rice field, reserved seed shrimp specification is for fishing
25 tails/kilogram；Quantity is 13kg per acre；
Step 2-2, second batch is launched and is fed:
July, the seed shrimp supplement for selecting sexual gland Developmental maturity good are launched into rice field, and dispensing 40 tail of specification/kilogram, it is female
Male ratio presses 3:1, and rice field launches 25 kilograms per acre；Seed shrimp is impregnated 5 minutes with concentration for 3% saline solution before launching to carry out disinfection,
It is uniformly launched along gutter later；
The cray special compound feed that diameter 2.2mm and protein content 29% are fed after dispensing, feeds total amount daily
It is the 1% of the shrimp weight that second batch is launched, every afternoon, 16:00 was fed once；
Start in 8-9 month catch second batch lobster, be up to specification non-oogenesis caught at shrimp after simultaneously by oogenesis at shrimp
Continue to cultivate, fishing in every 10 days is primary；
Step 2-3, third batch are launched and are fed:
October, select oogenesis at shrimp launch into rice field, dispensings specification be 25 tails/kilogram, per acre rice field dispensing 15,000
Gram；
The cray special compound feed that diameter 2.2mm and protein content 29% are fed after dispensing, feeds total amount daily
Be the 4% of the shrimp weight that third batch is launched, feed 2 times daily, wherein morning 9:00 feeding volume account for feed daily total amount 30%,
16:00 feeding volume accounted for and fed the 70% of total amount daily afternoon；
In October, after oogenesis hatches juvenile prawn at shrimp, harvesting continues to feed at shrimp, juvenile prawn；When water temperature in winter is lower than 10 DEG C
When, cray special compound feed 1 time of 1.6mm and protein content 40% is fed within every 6 days when weather is fine at noon, until
Second year March, fishing is listed at shrimp, subsequently into next culture-cycle.
The rice selects new two major cliques column；The rice cultivation method: before rice shoot plantation, rice field is according to 300Kg per acre
Organic fertilizer is uniformly spread to field face and to turn over rake with machine even, finally overflows water, and establishes and enclose between rice field area and rice field gutter
Column prevents cray before rice transplanting from entering rice field area；Rice field area depth of water 3cm when rice shoot is planted, early June rice shoot take width
Row item cultivation planted with the mode that side row dense planting combines, control wide-and narrow-row item cultivation mode in wide row 40cm, narrow row 202cm,
1.8 ten thousand plants of distance 17cm, mu density in planting rice shoots between wide row and narrow row, control side row dense planting mode in line width 402cm, mu plant it is close
Spend 4.8 ten thousand plants of rice shoots；Fence between rice field area and rice field gutter was removed in 18 days after rice transplanting.
Embodiment 4
Make knots the cultural method for closing aquaculture system, including Pelteobagrus fulvidraco breeding process altogether based on the rice field-culture pond
And cray breeding process；
About Pelteobagrus fulvidraco breeding process the following steps are included:
Step 1, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco: June is launched, selection is without sick and wounded Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, the povidone for being 0.35mg/L using concentration
Iodine solution carries out disinfection to the Pelteobagrus fulvidraco 6 minutes, then launches the Pelteobagrus fulvidraco into the fish culture slot, the Huang forehead
Fish specification 8g/ tail, the Pelteobagrus fulvidraco cultivation density are 400 tails/cubic meter water body；
It is secondary in the water body of the culture pond according to 110 tails/mu variegated carp, 110 tails/mu silver carp and 0Kg/ mus of freshwater mussel
It is launched in purifying area, while planting water purification plant, such as water spinach in water body double purification area；
Step 2, bait feeding stage by stage:
It just puts the stage: under Pelteobagrus fulvidraco in 50 days of fish culture slot, feeding protein content 44%, fat content 9%
Pelteobagrus fulvidraco special swelling feed feeds 8% that total amount is fish body weight daily, feeds daily 4 times, wherein daily 9:00 feeding volume accounts for
Feed total amount 17% daily, 12:00 feeding volume account for feed total amount 22% daily, daily 15:00 feeding volume accounts for and feeds total amount daily
23%, daily 19:00 feeding volume accounts for feeds total amount 38% daily；Just putting circulation flowing water culture zone water velocity described in the stage is
3cm/s；
The quick production phase: under Pelteobagrus fulvidraco after 50 days of fish culture slot, protein content 42%, fat content are fed
7% Pelteobagrus fulvidraco special swelling feed feeds 8% that total amount is fish body weight daily, feeds daily 3 times, wherein daily 9:00 is thrown
Feed amount account for feed total amount 27% daily, daily 13:00 feeding volume account for feed total amount 25% daily, daily 19:00 feeding volume accounts for often
Day feeds total amount 48%；Circulation flowing water culture zone water velocity described in the quick production phase is 7cm/s；
Step 3, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco harvests: Pelteobagrus fulvidraco starts to catch after cultivating 12 months；
About cray breeding process the following steps are included:
Step 1, it puts preceding preparation in a suitable place to breed: putting before shrimp 15 days, clear up rice field gutter, including remove surface dust, correct furrow bank, per acre rice
Contour furrow quick lime 50kg carries out thorough ditch cleaning disinfection to gutter, kills harmful organisms, such as: wild fishes class, pathogenic bacteria；It puts
It supports first 10 days, 50cm is filled the water in rice field, discharge poultry muck 1000kg in the gutter of rice field per acre, 30 kilograms of spiral shells are launched in rice field per acre
Snail, while submerged plant is transplanted in the gutter of rice field, such as: water caltrop, hydrilla verticillata, water spinach, submerged plant account for rice field gutter face
Long-pending 50%；
Step 2, cray is launched and feeds:
Step 2-1, first is launched and feeds:
Start March launch shrimp seedling, launch 200 tail of specification/kilogram, per acre rice field launch 32 kilograms, shrimp seedling puts preceding use in a suitable place to breed
Concentration is that the immersion of 4% saline solution carries out disinfection for 6 minutes, is uniformly launched along gutter later；
The cray special compound feed of diameter 1.7mm and protein content 42% is fed within first 10 days, daily 16:00 is fed
Once；Wherein the 1st day, 1% that total amount is shrimp weight was fed daily；The 2-3 days, 2% that total amount is shrimp weight was fed daily；The
4-10 days, 3% that total amount is shrimp weight was fed daily；
The cray special compound feed that diameter 2.3mm and protein content 30% are fed after 10 days, feeds total amount daily
It is the 5% of shrimp weight, feeds daily 2 times, wherein morning 9:00 feeding volume accounts for feed total amount daily 32%, 16:00 in afternoon and throws
The amount of feeding accounts for feeds the 68% of total amount daily；After 30 days, total amount rises to shrimp weight 8% is fed daily；
Late April starts to catch first into shrimp, be up to specification caught at shrimp and the juvenile prawn by weight less than 20 grams
Continue to cultivate, until June, rice transplanting then stop fishing and reserve seed shrimp in rice field, reserved seed shrimp specification is for fishing
30 tails/kilogram；Quantity is 15kg per acre；
Step 2-2, second batch is launched and is fed:
July, the seed shrimp supplement for selecting sexual gland Developmental maturity good are launched into rice field, and dispensing 50 tail of specification/kilogram, it is female
Male ratio presses 3:1, and rice field launches 27 kilograms per acre；Seed shrimp is impregnated 6 minutes with concentration for 4% saline solution before launching to carry out disinfection,
It is uniformly launched along gutter later；
The cray special compound feed that diameter 2.3mm and protein content 30% are fed after dispensing, feeds total amount daily
It is the 1% of the shrimp weight that second batch is launched, every afternoon, 16:00 was fed once；
Start in 8-9 month catch second batch lobster, be up to specification non-oogenesis caught at shrimp after simultaneously by oogenesis at shrimp
Continue to cultivate, fishing in every 11 days is primary；
Step 2-3, third batch are launched and are fed:
September part, select oogenesis at shrimp launch into rice field, dispensings specification be 30 tails/kilogram, per acre rice field dispensing 17,000
Gram；
The cray special compound feed that diameter 2.3mm and protein content 30% are fed after dispensing, feeds total amount daily
Be the 5% of the shrimp weight that third batch is launched, feed 2 times daily, wherein morning 9:00 feeding volume account for feed daily total amount 32%,
16:00 feeding volume accounted for and fed the 68% of total amount daily afternoon；
In October, after oogenesis hatches juvenile prawn at shrimp, harvesting continues to feed at shrimp, juvenile prawn；When water temperature in winter is lower than 10 DEG C
When, cray special compound feed 1 time of 1.7mm and protein content 42% is fed within every 7 days when weather is fine at noon, until
Second year March, fishing is listed at shrimp, subsequently into next culture-cycle.
The rice selection Shan major clique column；The rice cultivation method: before rice shoot plantation, rice field has according to 320Kg per acre
Machine fertilizer is uniformly spread to field face and to turn over rake with machine even, finally overflows water, and establishes fence between rice field area and rice field gutter,
Prevent cray before rice transplanting from entering rice field area；Rice field area depth of water 4cm when rice shoot is planted, early June rice shoot take wide-and narrow-row
Item cultivation is planted with the mode that side row dense planting combines, and controls wide row 42cm, narrow row 22cm, wide row in wide-and narrow-row item cultivation mode
1.5 ten thousand plants of distance 18cm, mu density in planting rice shoots between narrow row control line width 42cm, mu density in planting 4.5 in side row dense planting mode
Ten thousand plants of rice shoots；Fence between rice field area and rice field gutter was removed in 20 days after rice transplanting.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of rice field-culture pond makes knots conjunction aquaculture system altogether, it is characterised in that: including the recycle stream being located in culture pond
Water culture zone (11) and the area Dao Xiagongzuo (12) being made of rice field, the circulation flowing water culture zone (11) include being sequentially arranged
And the clean water area (111) of circulation, fish culture slot (112) and contraminated zone (113), the area Dao Xiagongzuo (12) are equipped with
The water inlet (121) communicated with the contraminated zone (113) and the water outlet (122) communicated with the clean water area (111), it is described
Water inlet (121) is arranged away from each other with water outlet (122).
2. rice field-culture pond as described in claim 1 makes knots conjunction aquaculture system altogether, it is characterised in that: the rice shrimp makees altogether
Area (12) edge is equipped with peripheral ridge (123), and the culture pond is disposed around on the outside of the area Dao Xiagongzuo (12) and is formed cyclic annular
Runner is separated by between the area Dao Xiagongzuo (12) and the culture pond by the peripheral ridge (123), and the rice shrimp makees altogether
It is equipped with inside area (12) and is connect with the peripheral ridge (123) and to form " S " type runner inside the area Dao Xiagongzuo (12)
Internal ridge (124), described type runner one end " S " are the water inlet (121), and " S " the type runner other end goes out for described in
The mouth of a river (122).
3. rice field-culture pond as described in claim 1 makes knots conjunction aquaculture system altogether, it is characterised in that: the fish culture
Slot (112) includes multiple breeding troughs being arranged in juxtaposition, and the breeding trough both ends are respectively equipped with the block for preventing fish from escaping from, described
Breeding trough upstream is equipped with the oxygenation for pushing water body to flow in breeding trough and pushes away wetting system, and the contraminated zone (113), which is equipped with, to push
The water in contraminated zone pushes away wetting system to the oxygenation that the area Dao Xiagongzuo is flowed.
4. rice field-culture pond as claimed in claim 2 makes knots conjunction aquaculture system altogether, it is characterised in that: the rice shrimp makees altogether
Area (12) is stripped, and the periphery ridge (123) includes positioned at the long field of the area Dao Xiagongzuo (12) the length direction two sides
The ridge (1231) and short ridge (1232) positioned at the area Dao Xiagongzuo both ends are connected with and long ridge on the long ridge (1231)
The internal ridge (124) of T-shape structure is formed, the internal ridge (124) is along long ridge (1231) the interval setting
Have multiple, the internal ridge is alternately arranged to form described " S " type runner along the long ridge in the area Dao Xiagongzuo (12) two sides.
5. rice field-culture pond as claimed in claim 2 makes knots conjunction aquaculture system altogether, it is characterised in that: the rice shrimp makees altogether
It is described equipped with rice field area (125) and along the peripheral ridge and the gutter (126) of internal ridge edge arrangement in area (12)
Peripheral ridge (123) is equipped with anti-escape isolation strip, is respectively equipped with anti-escape be isolated at the water inlet (121) and water outlet (122)
Mesh bag.
6. rice field-culture pond as claimed in claim 4 makes knots conjunction aquaculture system altogether, it is characterised in that: in the culture pond
It is additionally provided with backwater channel, the backwater channel includes intake tunnel (114), the intermediate channel sequentially formed along water (flow) direction
(115) and exhalant canal (116), between the intake tunnel (114) and the contraminated zone (113) and the intake tunnel
(114) it is connected to or separates by culvert (117) respectively between intermediate channel (115), the water outlet (122) passes through intermediate logical
Road (115), exhalant canal (116) are connected to the clean water area, the intermediate channel (115), exhalant canal (116) and water purification
Area (111) constitutes water body double purification area.
7. rice field-culture pond as claimed in claim 5 makes knots conjunction aquaculture system altogether, it is characterised in that: the circulation flowing water
Culture zone (11) accounts for the 15-20% of culture pond Yu the rice field gross area, and the area Dao Xiagongzuo (12) accounts for culture pond and the total face in rice field
Long-pending 70-75%, the backwater channel account for the 5-15% of culture pond Yu the rice field gross area；The fish culture slot (112), which accounts for, follows
The 20-25% of the circulating water culture zone gross area, the clean water area (111) account for the 55-60% of the circulation flowing water culture zone gross area, institute
State the 20-25% that contraminated zone (113) accounts for the circulation flowing water culture zone gross area；It is total that the gutter (126) accounts for the area Dao Xiagongzuo (12)
The 10-15% of area.
8. rice field-culture pond as claimed in claim 6 makes knots conjunction aquaculture system altogether, it is characterised in that: the circulation flowing water
Culture zone (11) is located at the described area Dao Xiagongzuo (12) one end, and the intermediate channel (115) is located at the area Dao Xiagongzuo (12)
The other end, the intake tunnel (114) are located at the area Dao Xiagongzuo (12) side, and the exhalant canal (116) is located at described
The area Dao Xiagongzuo (12) other side.
9. a kind of make knots the cultural method for closing aquaculture system based on rice field-culture pond as described in benefit requires any one of 1-8 altogether,
It is characterized by comprising Pelteobagrus fulvidraco breeding process and cray breeding process；
About Pelteobagrus fulvidraco breeding process the following steps are included:
Step 1, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco: June is launched, selection is without sick and wounded Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, the povidone for being 0.25-0.35mg/L using concentration
Iodine solution carries out disinfection to the Pelteobagrus fulvidraco 4-6 minutes, then launches the Pelteobagrus fulvidraco into the fish culture slot, the Huang
Forehead fish specification 5-8g/ tail, the Pelteobagrus fulvidraco cultivation density are 350-400 tail/cubic meter water body；
According to 90-110 tail/mu variegated carp, 90-110 tail/mu silver carp and 20-30Kg/ mus of freshwater mussel the culture pond water
It is launched in body double purification area, while planting water purification plant in water body double purification area；
Step 2, bait feeding stage by stage:
It just puts the stage: under Pelteobagrus fulvidraco in 40-50 days of fish culture slot, feeding protein content 42-44%, fat content 7-
9% Pelteobagrus fulvidraco special swelling feed feeds the 5-8% that total amount is fish body weight daily, feeds daily 4 times, wherein daily 9:00
Feeding volume, which accounts for feed total amount 13-17%, 12:00 feeding volume daily and account for, feeds total amount 18-22%, daily 15:00 feeding volume daily
It accounts for and feeds total amount 23-27% daily, daily 19:00 feeding volume accounts for and feeds total amount 38-42% daily；Just put recycle stream described in the stage
Water culture zone water velocity is 1-3cm/s；
The quick production phase: under Pelteobagrus fulvidraco after 40-50 days of fish culture slot, protein content 40-42% is fed, fat contains
The Pelteobagrus fulvidraco special swelling feed for measuring 5-7% feeds the 5-8% that total amount is fish body weight daily, feeds daily 3 times, wherein daily
9:00 feeding volume accounts for and feeds total amount 23-27% daily, daily 13:00 feeding volume accounts for and feeds total amount 23-27%, daily 19 daily:
00 feeding volume accounts for feeds total amount 48-52% daily；Circulation flowing water culture zone water velocity described in the quick production phase is 5-7cm/
s；
Step 3, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco harvests: Pelteobagrus fulvidraco cultivation starts to catch after 10-12 months；
About cray breeding process the following steps are included:
Step 1, it puts preceding preparation in a suitable place to breed: putting before shrimp 10-15 days, clear up rice field gutter, including remove surface dust, correct furrow bank, per acre rice
Contour furrow quick lime 20-50kg carries out thorough ditch cleaning disinfection to gutter, kills harmful organisms；7-10 days before putting in a suitable place to breed, in rice field
30-50cm is filled the water, discharges poultry muck 800-1000kg in the gutter of rice field per acre, 25-30 kilograms of spiral shell is launched in rice field per acre, together
When rice field gutter in transplant submerged plant, submerged plant accounts for the 40-50% of rice field gutter area；
Step 2, cray is launched and feeds:
Step 2-1, first is launched and feeds:
Start March launch shrimp seedling, launch specification 100-200 tail/kilogram, per acre rice field launch 28-32 kilograms, before shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed
It is that the immersion of 2-4% saline solution carries out disinfection for 4-6 minutes with concentration, is uniformly launched along gutter later；
Feed within first 10 days the cray special compound feed of diameter 1.5-1.7mm and protein content 38-42%, daily 16:00
It feeds primary；Wherein the 1st day, 1% that total amount is shrimp weight was fed daily；The 2-3 days, feeding total amount daily was shrimp weight
2%；The 4-10 days, 3% that total amount is shrimp weight was fed daily；
The cray special compound feed that diameter 2.1-2.3mm and protein content 28-30% are fed after 10 days is fed total daily
Amount is the 3-5% of shrimp weight, is fed daily 2 times, wherein morning 9:00 feeding volume accounts for 28-32%, the afternoon for feeding total amount daily
16:00 feeding volume accounts for the 68-72% for feeding total amount daily；After 30 days, the 6-8% that total amount rises to shrimp weight is fed daily；
Late April starts to catch first into shrimp, is up to continuing at shrimp fishing and the juvenile prawn by weight less than 20 grams for specification
Cultivation, until June, rice transplanting then stop fishing and reserve seed shrimp in rice field, reserved seed shrimp specification is 20-30 for fishing
Tail/kilogram；Quantity is 12-15kg per acre；
Step 2-2, second batch is launched and is fed:
July, the seed shrimp supplement for selecting sexual gland Developmental maturity good are launched into rice field, and dispensing specification 30-50 tail/kilogram, it is female
Male ratio presses 3:1, and rice field launches 23-27 kilograms per acre；Seed shrimp launch before with concentration be 2-4% saline solution impregnate 4-6 minutes into
Row disinfection, is uniformly launched along gutter later；
The cray special compound feed that diameter 2.1-2.3mm and protein content 28-30% are fed after dispensing is fed total daily
Amount is the 1% of the shrimp weight that second batch is launched, and every afternoon, 16:00 was fed once；
Start in 8-9 month catch second batch lobster, be up to specification non-oogenesis caught at shrimp after and meanwhile oogenesis is continued at shrimp
Cultivation, fishing in every 9-11 days are primary；
Step 2-3, third batch are launched and are fed:
9-10 month, select oogenesis at shrimp launch into rice field, dispensings specification be 20-30 tail/kilogram, per acre rice field dispensing 13-
17 kilograms；
The cray special compound feed that diameter 2.1-2.3mm and protein content 28-30% are fed after dispensing is fed total daily
Amount is the 3-5% for the shrimp weight that third batch is launched, and is fed daily 2 times, and wherein morning 9:00 feeding volume accounts for feeds total amount daily
28-32%, 16:00 feeding volume in afternoon account for the 68-72% for feeding total amount daily；
In October, after oogenesis hatches juvenile prawn at shrimp, harvesting continues to feed at shrimp, juvenile prawn；When water temperature in winter is lower than 10 DEG C, often
Cray special compound feed 1 time of 1.5-1.7mm and protein content 38-42% is fed within 5-7 days when weather is fine at noon,
Until second year March, fishing is listed at shrimp, subsequently into next culture-cycle.
10. cultural method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that: the rice selects rich two major cliques column or new two major clique
Column or Shan major clique column；
The rice cultivation method: before rice shoot plantation, rice field is uniformly spread to field face according to 280-320Kg organic fertilizer and uses machine per acre
It is even that device turns over rake, finally overflows water, and establishes fence between rice field area and rice field gutter, prevent before rice transplanting cray into
Enter rice field area；Rice field area depth of water 2-4cm when rice shoot is planted, early June rice shoot take the cultivation of wide-and narrow-row item to combine with side row dense planting
Mode planted, control wide row 38-42cm in wide-and narrow-row item cultivation mode, narrow row 18-22cm, distance between wide row and narrow row
Ten thousand plants of 16-18cm, mu density in planting 1.5-2.0 rice shoots control line width 38-42cm, mu density in planting 4.5-5.0 in side row dense planting mode
Ten thousand plants of rice shoots；Fence between rice field area and rice field gutter was removed in 15-20 days after rice transplanting.
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