CN108308086B - Device and method for three-dimensional planting and breeding of ratooning rice and fish - Google Patents
Device and method for three-dimensional planting and breeding of ratooning rice and fish Download PDFInfo
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- CN108308086B CN108308086B CN201810258287.6A CN201810258287A CN108308086B CN 108308086 B CN108308086 B CN 108308086B CN 201810258287 A CN201810258287 A CN 201810258287A CN 108308086 B CN108308086 B CN 108308086B
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- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 267
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000009340 sequential cropping Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title 1
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 74
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 241001609213 Carassius carassius Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000252230 Ctenopharyngodon idella Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000252233 Cyprinus carpio Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009372 pisciculture Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000009355 double cropping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000276569 Oryzias latipes Species 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013332 fish product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protection of plants
- A01G13/10—Devices for affording protection against animals, birds or other pests
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
- A01M1/02—Stationary means for catching or killing insects with devices or substances, e.g. food, pheronones attracting the insects
- A01M1/04—Attracting insects by using illumination or colours
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to a device and a method for three-dimensional planting and breeding of ratoons and fishes; the device comprises a paddy field, a fish pit, a fish ditch and a fish culture container, wherein the sum of the areas of the fish pit and the fish ditch is not more than 10% of the area of the paddy field, and the fish culture container comprises a container body and a fish hole; according to the device and the method for three-dimensional planting and breeding of the ratooning rice and the fish, the fish-farming container is directly placed in the fish pit, so that the collapse of the fish pit can be prevented, the inclination of the fish pit can be reduced, the planting area of a rice field is increased, in addition, the fish-farming container can be lifted when the rice field is harvested, the fishing is convenient, and the cultivation in the next year is not affected; meanwhile, the three-dimensional planting and breeding method of the rice field fish adopts the three-dimensional planting and breeding of the rice field fish, so that the growth period of the rice field fish is prolonged, the high-quality commercial fish is facilitated to be obtained, the fish is not required to be removed when the rice is harvested in the first season, the labor input is reduced, in addition, the rice is harvested in one season, and the economic benefit of fish culture in the rice field is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to a device and a method for three-dimensional planting and breeding of ratoons and fishes.
Background
In the field of paddy field, there is thousands of years of history, and by using paddy field to cultivate fish, not only fish products can be obtained, but also pests and weeds in the paddy field can be eaten by fish, manure is excreted, soil is turned to promote fertilizer decomposition, so that good conditions are created for paddy growth, double harvest of rice and fish can be realized, and economic benefits are increased.
Most of the existing paddy field fish farming methods adopt a method of digging deep ditches and fish pits in the paddy field, but in order to prevent the fish pits from collapsing, the slope of the fish pits must be dug very much, so that the planting area of the paddy field is reduced, and even if the fish pits are soaked in water for a long time, the fish pits collapse. Still another way is to use cement, bricks to lay out the fish pits so that no cultivation will be performed the next year, and the geology of the paddy field will be destroyed. In addition, the existing paddy field fish culture has no protective device, which can cause fish in the paddy field to be prey by birds, thereby causing economic loss to farmers. In addition, when the fish in the paddy field is harvested, the fish is caught manually after the fish is caught in the fish pit by water drainage, and the procedure is complicated.
In the middle rice-fish mode, the fish has short growth period, poor commodity property and low economic benefit during fishing. The traditional double-cropping rice field is used for culturing fish, the fish is required to be removed and fostered after harvesting in early season, the fish ditch is trimmed again after fertilization and cultivation in the rice field, and the fish ditch is moved back to the paddy field after transplanting rice in late season, so that labor and time are wasted, labor intensity is increased, cost is increased, and the benefit of the rice field is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects, and provides a device and a method for three-dimensional planting and breeding of the ratoons and the fishes, wherein the device and the method are used for directly placing a fish culture container in a fish pit, so that not only can the collapse of the fish pit be prevented, but also the inclination of the fish pit can be reduced, the planting area of a paddy field is increased, in addition, the fish culture container can be lifted when harvesting the paddy field, the fishing is convenient, and the cultivation in the next year is not influenced; meanwhile, the three-dimensional planting and breeding method of the rice field fish adopts the three-dimensional planting and breeding of the rice field fish, so that the growth period of the rice field fish is prolonged, the high-quality commercial fish is facilitated to be obtained, the fish is not required to be removed when the rice is harvested in the first season, the labor input is reduced, in addition, the rice is harvested in one season, and the economic benefit of fish culture in the rice field is greatly improved.
The invention is realized in the following way:
scheme (one):
a device for three-dimensional planting and breeding of ratoons and fishes, which is characterized in that: the device includes paddy field, more than one set up in paddy field fish hole, more than one set up in paddy field and one end be linked together with the fish hole or communicate the fish ditch between two fish holes and set up the fish culture container in each fish hole, the fish ditch uses the fish hole to radiate all around as the center, the sum of fish hole and fish ditch's area does not exceed 10% of paddy field area, the fish culture container is including having the container body of upper shed and being used for communicating the fish culture container and the fish hole of fish ditch that sets up on the container body, the quantity of fish hole and the quantity phase-match of the fish ditch that is linked together with the fish hole.
In order to increase the complementary food for the fish in the paddy field, the fish culture container further comprises a protective net, an insect catching component, a water draining component and more than two hanging rings, wherein the protective net is covered on an upper opening of the container body, the insect catching component is arranged on the protective net, the water draining component is arranged at the bottom of the container body, and the hanging rings are uniformly distributed on the peripheral wall of the upper end of the container body.
In order to be able to hang the time when raising fish container and clean the water in the fish raising container, the drainage subassembly is including setting up circular drain on the container body, set firmly in the container body bottom inboard perpendicularly and divide the fixed column of locating the radial both ends of drain, set firmly in the manger plate lid of fixed column upper end, the drainage bucket of sliding connection on the drain and set up the spacing subassembly that is used for restricting the downslide extreme position of drainage bucket on the drainage bucket, the drainage bucket is the tubular body that has the upper shed, the external diameter of drainage bucket and the diameter phase-match of drain, the drainage bucket bottom is equipped with a plurality of wash ports, the manger plate lid covers the upper shed of drainage bucket when the drainage bucket upwards slides extreme position.
In order to prevent the drain bucket from falling out, the limiting component comprises a chute arranged on the fixed column and a limiting nail fixedly arranged on the drain bucket and connected to the chute in a sliding manner.
In order to better catch insects at night, the insect catching assembly comprises a rack, a solar panel arranged at the upper end of the rack, a cross mounting rack arranged at the lower end of the rack and a trap lamp arranged on the rack, wherein the solar panel is connected with the trap lamp for supplying power.
Scheme (II):
a three-dimensional planting and breeding method of ratooning rice and fish is characterized in that: the method comprises a field selection stage, a fish culture system construction stage, a transplanting stage, a fry throwing stage, a raising management stage and a catching stage;
the construction stage of the fish culture system comprises the following steps:
(1) digging more than one fish pit matched with the shape of the fish culture container in the rice field;
(2) digging more than one fish ditch with one end communicated with the fish pits or between two fish pits in the rice field, wherein the fish ditch radiates around the fish pits as the center, and the sum of the areas of the fish pits and the fish ditch is not more than 10% of the area of the rice field;
(3) the fish-farming container is hung into the fish pit through the hanging ring, the water draining component is automatically closed when the fish-farming container touches the bottom of the fish pit, and the fish hole on the fish-farming container is aligned to the fish ditch, so that the fish-farming container is communicated with the fish ditch. In order to improve the yield of paddy and fish, the field selection stage comprises the steps of selecting a field which is clean in water quality, abundant in water source, convenient to drain and irrigate and not easily affected by drought and waterlogging disasters;
the seedling transplanting stage comprises transplanting the regenerated rice seedlings in the rice field at a row spacing of 20-25 cm and a plant spacing of 15-20 cm.
Preferably, the variety of the recycled rice is ' quanyou 212', taiyou 2165', wild fragrant you 676', zhen you 177'.
In order to catch insects at night and add complementary food to fish in paddy fields, the construction stage of the fish culture system further comprises the steps of arranging a protective net on an opening of a fish culture container and arranging an insect catching assembly on the protective net.
Preferably, the fry throwing stage comprises the following steps:
(1) starting to put in fish fries 8-16 days after transplanting, selecting 40-80 g/strip of fish fries, and putting 10-25 kg/mu of rice field, wherein the fish fries comprise grass carp, carp and crucian carp and the number ratio is 1:2:1;
(2) soaking the fries in 4-5% concentration salt water for 5-10 min before throwing;
the feeding management stage comprises the following steps:
(1) 5-10 days before harvesting in the first season of the rice, draining water in the rice field to enable all fish in the rice field to swim into a fish culture container;
(2) when harvesting the rice in the first season, the height of the rice piles is kept at 35-45 cm;
(3) after harvesting the rice in the first season, injecting water into the rice field to keep the water level at 5-10 cm;
the fishing stage comprises the following steps:
(1) 5-10 days before harvesting in the regenerative season of the rice, draining water in the rice field to enable all fish in the rice field to swim into a fish culture container;
(2) when all the fishes in the fish ditch swim into the fish culture container, the fish culture container is lifted, and the water draining component is automatically opened to drain the water in the fish culture container under the action of gravity in the lifting process, so that all the fishes are left in the fish culture container.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) According to the device and the method for three-dimensional planting and breeding of the ratoons and the fishes, the fish-farming container is directly placed in the fish pit, so that the collapse of the fish pit can be prevented, the inclination of the fish pit can be reduced, the planting area of a paddy field is increased, in addition, the fish-farming container can be lifted when the paddy field is harvested, the fishing is convenient, and the cultivation in the next year is not affected; meanwhile, the three-dimensional planting and breeding of the rice field fish are adopted, so that the growth period of the rice field fish is prolonged, the high-quality commercial fish is facilitated to be obtained, the fish is not required to be removed when the rice is harvested in the first season, the labor input is reduced, in addition, the rice is harvested in one season, and the economic benefit of fish culture in the rice field is greatly improved;
(2) The device and the method for three-dimensional planting and breeding of the ratooning rice and the fish provided by the invention have the advantages that the rice planting mode is a ratooning rice planting mode, compared with double-cropping rice, the procedures of late-season seedling raising and transplanting, soil preparation, fertilization, re-treatment of fish pits and fish furrows, fish fry transferring and the like are reduced, and the labor cost is saved; compared with the middle-season rice, the growth period of the paddy field fish is prolonged, the warm light resource is fully utilized, the high-quality commercial fish is facilitated to be obtained, meanwhile, the middle-season rice is harvested, and the economic benefit of paddy field fish culture is improved;
(3) According to the device and the method for three-dimensional planting and breeding of the ratooning rice and the fish, provided by the invention, when in fishing, water in a rice field is only required to be drained, so that the fish swims into the fish-farming container, and all the fish can be fished out, and in the process of lifting the fish-farming container, the drainage component can be automatically opened for drainage, so that the lifting weight is reduced, and the lifting difficulty is reduced;
(4) According to the device and the method for three-dimensional planting and breeding of the ratoons and the fishes, the protective net is arranged above the fish-farming container, so that the fishes in the fish-farming container can be prevented from being predated by birds, the insect-catching assembly is arranged on the protective net, insects can be caught at night, complementary food is added to the fishes in the rice field, damage of pests to the rice can be reduced, and the yield of the fishes can be increased;
(5) According to the device and the method for three-dimensional planting and breeding of the rice and the fish, provided by the invention, the young fish is soaked by the saline water with the concentration of 4% -5% before being put into the field, so that the survival rate of the young fish is better improved;
(6) According to the device and the method for three-dimensional planting and breeding of the rice and the fish, provided by the invention, the fish-breeding container is free of silt, so that the fishy smell of the fish can be reduced, and the edible taste is improved;
(7) The device and the method for three-dimensional planting and breeding of the ratooning rice and the fish are simple and easy to use, high in feasibility and high in economic benefit, can obtain double harvest of the fish and the rice, and can improve income of farmers.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with examples:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a device for three-dimensional planting and breeding of ratoons and fishes according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the paddy field of fig. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the fish culture vessel of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the fish culture vessel;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the fixed column, water deflector cover, drain bucket and spacing assembly;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of an insect trap assembly.
The symbols in the drawings illustrate: 1. paddy field, 11, fish pit, 12, fish ditch, 2, fish culture container, 21, container body, 22, fish hole, 23, protection network, 231, hollow hole, 24, insect catching component, 241, frame, 242, solar cell panel, 243, cross mounting rack, 244, trap lamp, 25, drainage component, 251, drainage port, 252, fixed column, 253, water retaining cover, 254, drainage bucket, 2541, drainage hole, 255, spacing component, 2551, chute, 2552, spacing nail, 26, rings.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings and specific examples of the specification:
scheme (one):
the invention provides a device for three-dimensional planting and breeding of ratoons and fishes, which is shown in figures 1-6, and is characterized in that: the device comprises a paddy field 1, more than one fish pit 11 arranged in the paddy field 1, more than one fish ditch 12 which is arranged in the paddy field 1 and one end of which is communicated with the fish pits 11 or between the two fish pits 11, and fish culture containers 2 arranged in the fish pits 11, wherein the fish ditches 12 radiate from the fish pits 11 to the periphery, the sum of the areas of the fish pits 11 and the fish ditches 12 is not more than 10% of the area of the paddy field 1, the fish culture containers 2 comprise container bodies 21 with upper openings and fish holes 22 which are arranged on the container bodies 21 and are used for communicating the fish culture containers 2 and the fish ditches 12, and the number of the fish holes 22 is matched with the number of the fish ditches 12 which are communicated with the fish pits 11.
As shown in fig. 3, 4 and 6, in order to increase supplementary food for fish in paddy fields, the fish culture container 2 further comprises a protective net 23 covering the upper opening of the container body 21, an insect catching assembly 24 arranged on the protective net 23, a water draining assembly 25 arranged at the bottom of the container body 21, and more than two hanging rings 26 uniformly distributed on the peripheral wall of the upper end of the container body 21.
As shown in fig. 4-5, in order to drain water in the fish-farming container when the fish-farming container is lifted, the water draining assembly comprises a circular water draining port arranged on the container body, fixing columns vertically and fixedly arranged on the inner side of the bottom of the container body and respectively arranged at the radial two ends of the water draining port, a water retaining cover fixedly arranged at the upper end of the fixing columns, a water draining bucket slidingly connected to the water draining port, and a limiting assembly arranged on the water draining bucket and used for limiting the downward sliding limit position of the water draining bucket, wherein the water draining bucket is a cylindrical body with an upper opening, the outer diameter of the water draining bucket is matched with the diameter of the water draining port, a plurality of water draining holes are formed in the bottom of the water draining bucket, and the water retaining cover just covers the upper opening of the water draining bucket when the water draining bucket slides upwards to the limit position, so that silt at the bottom of a fish pit 11 cannot enter the fish-farming container 2.
As shown in fig. 5, in order to prevent the water drain hopper from falling out, the limiting assembly comprises a chute arranged on the fixed column and a limiting nail fixedly arranged on the water drain hopper and slidingly connected on the chute.
As shown in fig. 6, in order to better catch insects at night, the insect catching assembly 24 includes a frame 241, a solar panel 242 disposed at an upper end of the frame 241, a cross mounting bracket 243 disposed at a lower end of the frame 241, and a trap lamp 244 disposed on the frame 241, wherein the solar panel 242 is connected to the trap lamp 244 to supply power.
Scheme (II):
a method for raising fish in paddy field, which is characterized in that: the method comprises a field selection stage, a transplanting stage, a fish culture system construction stage, a fry throwing stage, a raising management stage and a catching stage;
the construction stage of the fish culture system comprises the following steps:
(1) digging more than one fish pit 11 matched with the shape of the fish culture container 2 in the rice field 1;
(2) digging more than one fish ditch 12 with one end communicated with the fish pits 11 or between two fish pits 11 in the rice field 1, wherein the fish ditches 12 radiate around the fish pits 11 as the center, and the sum of the areas of the fish pits 11 and the fish ditches 12 is not more than 10% of the area of the rice field;
(3) hanging the fish culture container 2 into the fish pit 11 through the hanging ring 26, automatically closing the water draining assembly 25 when the fish culture container 2 hits the bottom of the fish pit 11, and aligning the fish hole 22 on the fish culture container 2 with the fish ditch 12 so that the fish culture container 2 is communicated with the fish ditch 12; the seedling transplanting stage comprises transplanting the regenerated rice seedlings in the rice field 1 at a row spacing of 20-25 cm and a planting spacing of 15-20 cm in each row. In order to improve the yield of paddy and fish, the field selection stage comprises the steps of selecting a field which is clean in water quality, abundant in water source, convenient to drain and irrigate and not easily affected by drought and waterlogging disasters.
Preferably, the variety of the recycled rice is ' quanyou 212', taiyou 2165', wild fragrant you 676', zhen you 177'.
In order to catch insects at night and to add supplementary food to the fish in the paddy field, the construction stage of the fish farming system further comprises providing a protection net 23 on the opening of the fish farming container 2 and providing an insect catching member 24 on the protection net 23.
Preferably, the fry throwing stage comprises the following steps:
(1) starting to put in fish fries 8-16 days after transplanting, selecting 40-80 g/strip of fish fries, and putting 10-25 kg/mu of rice field 1, wherein the fish fries comprise grass carp, carp and crucian carp and the number ratio is 1:2:1;
(2) soaking the fries in 4-5% concentration salt water for 5-10 min before throwing;
the feeding management stage comprises the following steps:
(1) 5-10 days before harvesting in the first season of the ratoon rice, draining water in the rice field 1 to enable all fish in the rice field 1 to swim into the fish culture container 2;
(2) when harvesting the rice in the first season, the height of the rice piles is kept at 35-45 cm;
(3) after harvesting the rice in the first season, injecting water into the rice field 1 to keep the water level at 5-10 cm;
the fishing stage comprises the following steps:
(1) 5-10 days before harvesting in the regenerative season of the rice, draining water in the rice field to enable all fish in the rice field to swim into the fish culture container 2;
(2) when all the fishes in the fish ditch 12 swim into the fish culture container 2, the fish culture container 2 is lifted, and the water draining assembly 25 is automatically opened under the action of gravity in the lifting process to drain the water in the fish culture container 2 completely, so that all the fishes are left in the fish culture container.
The foregoing detailed description will be given for the purpose of illustration only, and the invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but is to be construed as merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, as long as they are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A device for three-dimensional planting and breeding of ratoons and fishes, which is characterized in that: the device comprises a paddy field (1), more than one fish pit (11) arranged in the paddy field (1), more than one fish pit (12) arranged in the paddy field (1) and communicated with the fish pits (11) at one end or between the two fish pits (11), and fish culture containers (2) arranged in the fish pits (11), wherein the fish pits (12) radiate from the fish pits (11) to the periphery, the sum of the areas of the fish pits (11) and the fish pits (12) is not more than 10% of the area of the paddy field (1), and the fish culture containers (2) comprise container bodies (21) with upper openings and fish holes (22) arranged on the container bodies (21) and used for communicating the fish culture containers (2) and the fish pits (12), and the number of the fish holes (22) is matched with the number of the fish grooves (12) communicated with the fish pits (11); the fish hole (22) is positioned at the upper part of the container body (21);
the fish culture container (2) further comprises a protective net (23) which is covered on the upper opening of the container body (21), an insect catching component (24) which is arranged on the protective net (23), a water draining component (25) which is arranged at the bottom of the container body (21) and more than two hanging rings (26) which are uniformly distributed on the peripheral wall of the upper end of the container body (21), wherein the fish culture container (2) can be lifted;
the water draining assembly (25) comprises a circular water draining port (251) arranged on the container body (21), fixing columns (252) vertically and fixedly arranged on the inner side of the bottom of the container body (21) and respectively arranged at the two radial ends of the water draining port (251), a water retaining cover (253) fixedly arranged at the upper end of the fixing columns (252), a water draining bucket (254) connected to the water draining port (251) in a sliding mode and a limiting assembly (255) arranged on the water draining bucket (254) and used for limiting the water draining bucket (254) to slide downwards to the limiting position, the water draining bucket (254) is a cylindrical body with an upper opening, the outer diameter of the water draining bucket (254) is matched with the diameter of the water draining port (251), a plurality of water draining holes (2541) are formed in the bottom of the water draining bucket (254), and the water retaining cover (253) blocks the upper opening of the water draining bucket (254) when the water draining bucket (254) slides upwards to the limiting position.
2. The apparatus for three-dimensional planting and breeding of rice and fish according to claim 1, wherein: the limiting assembly (255) comprises a chute (2551) arranged on the fixed column (252) and a limiting nail (2552) fixedly arranged on the drain bucket (254) and connected to the chute (2551) in a sliding mode.
3. The apparatus for three-dimensional planting and breeding of rice and fish according to claim 1, wherein: the insect capturing assembly (24) comprises a rack (241), a solar panel (242) arranged at the upper end of the rack (241), a cross mounting rack (243) arranged at the lower end of the rack (241) and an insect trapping lamp (244) arranged on the rack (241), wherein the solar panel (242) is connected with the insect trapping lamp (244) for supplying power.
4. A method for three-dimensional breeding of rice and fish by using the device of any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: the method comprises a field selection stage, a fish culture system construction stage, a transplanting stage, a fry throwing stage, a raising management stage and a catching stage;
the construction stage of the fish culture system comprises the following steps:
(1) digging more than one fish pit (11) matched with the shape of the fish culture container (2) in the rice field (1);
(2) digging more than one fish ditch (12) with one end communicated with the fish pits (11) or between the two fish pits (11) in the rice field (1), wherein the fish ditches (12) radiate around the fish pits (11), and the sum of the areas of the fish pits (11) and the fish ditches (12) is not more than 10% of the area of the rice field;
(3) hanging the fish culture container (2) into the fish pit (11) through a hanging ring (26), automatically closing a water draining assembly (25) when the fish culture container (2) touches the bottom of the fish pit (11), and aligning a fish hole (22) on the fish culture container (2) with the fish groove (12) so that the fish culture container (2) is communicated with the fish groove (12);
the seedling transplanting stage comprises the step of transplanting the regenerated rice seedlings in the rice field (1) at the row spacing of 20-25 cm and the plant spacing of 15-20 cm in each row.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein: the variety of the regenerated rice is 'Fengyou 212', or 'Taiyou 2165', or 'Yexiangyou 676', or 'zhen you 177'.
6. The method according to claim 4, wherein: the construction stage of the fish culture system further comprises the steps of arranging a protective net (23) on the opening of the fish culture container (2), and arranging an insect catching assembly (24) on the protective net (23).
7. The method according to claim 4, wherein: the fry throwing stage comprises the following steps:
(1) starting to put in fish fries 8-16 days after transplanting, selecting 40-80 g/strip of fish fries, and putting 10-25 kg/mu of rice field (1), wherein the fish fries comprise grass carp, carp and crucian carp and the quantity ratio is 1:2:1;
(2) before the fish fry is put in, the fish fry is soaked in 4 to 5 percent of salt water for 5 to 10 minutes.
8. The method according to claim 4, wherein:
the feeding management stage comprises the following steps:
(1) 5-10 days before harvesting the rice in the first season, draining water in the rice field (1) to enable all fish in the rice field (1) to swim into a fish culture container (2);
(2) when harvesting the rice in the first season, the height of the rice piles is kept at 35-45 cm;
(3) after harvesting the rice in the first season, injecting water into the rice field (1) to keep the water level at 5-10 cm;
the fishing stage comprises the following steps:
(1) 5-10 days before harvesting in the regenerative season of the rice, draining water in the rice field to enable all fish in the rice field to swim into a fish culture container (2);
(2) when all the fishes in the fish ditch (12) swim into the fish culture container (2), the fish culture container (2) is lifted, and the water draining component (25) is automatically opened under the action of gravity in the lifting process to drain the water in the fish culture container (2) completely, so that all the fishes are left in the fish culture container.
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| CN110881368A (en) * | 2019-08-17 | 2020-03-17 | 成都特普生物科技股份有限公司 | Aquaculture and rice co-culture method |
| CN111616006A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-09-04 | 四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所 | Efficient fish culture method for rice in winter paddy field under high yield |
| CN114223609B (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2023-09-15 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | System and method for treating fishpond tail water by combining paddy field with artificial wetland |
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