CN109566498A - A kind of method of red claw crayfish paddy field aquaculture - Google Patents
A kind of method of red claw crayfish paddy field aquaculture Download PDFInfo
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- CN109566498A CN109566498A CN201811190274.6A CN201811190274A CN109566498A CN 109566498 A CN109566498 A CN 109566498A CN 201811190274 A CN201811190274 A CN 201811190274A CN 109566498 A CN109566498 A CN 109566498A
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- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 241000219793 Trifolium Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 244000284012 Vetiveria zizanioides Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000007769 Vetiveria zizanioides Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241000723366 Coreopsis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 244000000231 Sesamum indicum Species 0.000 claims abstract 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
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- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003124 biologic agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000031068 symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000040710 Chela Species 0.000 description 5
- 241000207961 Sesamum Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 4
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods of red claw crayfish paddy field aquaculture, comprising the following steps: a) rice field irrigation facility is transformed；B) preparation before breeding；C) rice varieties selection and plantation；D) selection and dispensing of shrimp seedling；E) daily management of rice；F) aquaculture management of red claw crayfish；G) fishing of rice harvesting and shoal of shrimps.The method of red claw crayfish paddy field aquaculture of the present invention, the biological habit of red claw crayfish and the characteristic of Rice Cropping is utilized, realize the symbiosis of red claw crayfish and rice, simultaneously using plantation vetiver, sesame, coreopsis and clover on ridge, the prevention and control of insect pest biology and landscaping for rice, the rice product and red claw crayfish for obtaining high-quality, effectively increase the comprehensive benefit in rice field.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical fields of breeding symbiosis, and in particular to a kind of method of red claw crayfish paddy field aquaculture.
Background technique
Red claw crayfish (latin name:Cherax quadricarinatusVon Martens) also known as " Australia fresh water dragon
Shrimp " originates in Australia, is one of economic freshwater shrimp species.The shrimp body colour breen, the outer tip end of chela have the scarlet band of a film quality,
It is beautiful good-looking, therefore it is known as red claw crayfish again.The shrimp lives in fresh water throughout one's life, omnivorousness, there is the faster speed of growth, have compared with
High survival rate and stronger disease resistance, adaptable, lower oxygen concentration resistance, fine and tender taste, delicious flavour, have it is resistance to long-distance transport,
It fresh and alive can list, the features such as market price is high.It tries to support and successively obtains artificial propagation seedling although China is introduced from Australia
Succeed at shrimp aquaculture, but aquaculture model is single, mostly pond culture, technical difficulty is big, and cultivation risk is high.
China is Rice Cropping big country, but traditional paddy field rice cultivation, inefficiencies, the kind grain for influencing peasant are positive
Property, and quality of rice level of security is not high, economy and ecological benefits are poor.It is weighed substantially in view of the growth cycle of rice and red claw crayfish
Folded, algae abundant and hydroplankton can provide growth required bait for red claw crayfish in paddy field, and red claw crayfish
Waste caused by growing can provide nutriment abundant for rice, thus paddy field can be provided for the cultivation of red claw crayfish it is wide
Space.But Rice Cropping process is needed using pesticide mostly, and red claw crayfish is more sensitive to pesticide, therefore, how to utilize water
A kind of method that red claw crayfish paddy field aquaculture is developed in rice field realizes declining to a great extent for Rice Cropping process Pesticide use amount, is promoted
The quality of rice and the overall economic efficiency in rice field promote red claw crayfish cultivation and Rice Cropping two-win, are currently available technologies
The problem of urgent need to resolve.
Summary of the invention
In view of the problems of the existing technology, it is an object of the invention to design to provide a kind of red claw crayfish paddy field aquaculture
The technical solution of method, this method can effectively increase the quality of rice and the yield of red claw crayfish.
A kind of method of the red claw crayfish paddy field aquaculture, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
A) rice field irrigation facility is transformed: behind selection rice field, using the field face in winter slack season finishing rice field, excavating shrimp ditch, area accounts for
The 8~10% of the rice field gross area；2.0~2.5 m of furrow width, deep 0.8~1.0 m；Increase ridge, section is trapezoidal, ridge bottom width 0.8
~1.0 m, wide 0.4~0.6 m in top, top is higher by 0.8~1.0 m of field plane；Ridge surrounding setting in rice field is anti-escape
Fence is arranged 60 mesh in water inlet and filters tulle；
B) preparation before breeding: direct sowing of rice transplants preceding 10d, thoroughly clear miscellaneous with carrying out after quicklime slurrying to monolith rice field
Disinfection；7d before planting, disposably uses sufficient base manure, and base manure is uniformly sprinkling upon field face and to turn over rake with machine even；Her is transplanted in shrimp ditch
Happy algae, water peanut or other water plants transplant family every 2m, with spot distribution；
C) rice varieties selection and plantation: selection is not easy to lodge, disease and insect resistance, rice varieties of short stem and shorter growth period, adopts
Rice Cropping is carried out with the mode of live streaming or seedling transplanting；
D) selection and dispensing of shrimp seedling: after Rice Cropping 15d, the red claw crayfish that neat specification, limbs are complete, swimming is active is selected
Shrimp seedling, after 2% saline solution soaking disinfection 10min, the Yu Qingtian morning or dusk are launched；Separately intercropping 150g/ tail again is white
60~80 tail of silver carp kind；
E) daily management of rice: after rice transplanting in 7d, keep Soil surface water position within 3cm；It turns green and keeps field face to tiller early period
1~3cm of water level, intermittent irrigation；Soil surface water position is added to 10~15cm, deep water control tiller by the tiller middle and later periods；Boot stage is to before gathering in
10d keeps 20~30cm of Soil surface water position；10d before gathering in, field face fall dry, holding shrimp ditch ordinary water level naturally；Transplant 7d and 12d
Afterwards, apply a top dressing respectively；Using the insect pest of the method for physics and biology prevention and treatment rice；
F) aquaculture management of red claw crayfish: feed using commodity mixed feed and feeds in two times daily, feeds for the first time
Time is 7~9 points, and feeding volume accounts for the 20~30% of full-time feeding volume；The time fed for the second time is 16~18 points, and feeding volume accounts for
The 70%~80% of full-time feeding volume；It monthly uses lime disinfection 1 time, the dosage of quick lime is 10~15kg/ mus；Oxygenation is opened in due course
Machine oxygenation carries out water quality adjustment with a microorganism formulation every 15d；
G) fishing of rice harvesting and shoal of shrimps: rice harvesting by the end of October at the beginning of 11 months after grain yellow maturity in the middle part of spike of rice in due course into
Row；The harvest of red claw crayfish is traped using cage net, is finally drained the dry pool, is caught and catch list marketing.
A kind of method of the red claw crayfish paddy field aquaculture, it is characterised in that shrimp ditch described in step a) be L shape or
Person's square shape；The escape-proof fence material is plastic film, stainless steel plate or asbestos shingle, and fence base portion buries 15 cm, is higher by
40~50 cm of ridge.
The method of a kind of red claw crayfish paddy field aquaculture, it is characterised in that quick lime dosage described in step b) is
150~180 kg/ mus；The base manure dosage is 250~300kg/ of farmyard manure mus, 30~50kg/ mus of phosphate fertilizer.
A kind of method of the red claw crayfish paddy field aquaculture, it is characterised in that in step c) direct sowing of rice in 5 months, under
Ten days carries out, and application rate is 0.75~1 kg/ mus.
A kind of method of red claw crayfish paddy field aquaculture, it is characterised in that raising rice seedlings transplanting method 5 in step c)
The middle of the month, last ten-days period seedling carry out the machine transplanting of rice or artificial transplanting to early June by the way of uniformly dilute kind by the end of May；Transplant line-spacing 30
Cm, spacing in the rows 15~20 cm, 1~2 plant every clump.
The method of a kind of red claw crayfish paddy field aquaculture, it is characterised in that shrimp seedling described in step d), specification body
A length of 0.8~1.5cm/ tail；Breeding density is 5000~8000 tails/mu.
The method of a kind of red claw crayfish paddy field aquaculture, it is characterised in that application top dressing described in step e) is used
Amount is for the first time 5 kg/ mus and 7.5 kg/ mus of potassium chloride of urea；2nd time is 5~7.5 kg/ mus of urea and 5 kg/ of potassium chloride
Mu.
A kind of method of red claw crayfish paddy field aquaculture, it is characterised in that the prevention and treatment of rice insect pest described in step e)
Method is specific: 1 solar insect-killing light is installed by the range that every lamp controls 30 mu in field, place per acre 1 striped rice borer or
Rice leaf roller trapper；Vetiver, sesame, coreopsis and clover are planted on ridge.
A kind of method of red claw crayfish paddy field aquaculture, it is characterised in that commodity mixed feed described in step f)
Full-time feeding volume is shrimp weight 5~8%, Prawn weight 3~4%, prawn weight 1~2%.
The method of a kind of red claw crayfish paddy field aquaculture, it is characterised in that microorganism formulation described in step f) is bud
The combination of one or more of spore bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrobacteria, saccharomycete.
A kind of method of above-mentioned red claw crayfish paddy field aquaculture, design rationally, by excavate shrimp ditch, heightening and consolidation ridge,
Ridge surrounding be provided with escape-proof fence, water inlet be provided with filtering tulle be used for filtered water inlet, prevent other fish-eggs into
Enter；Water plant has been planted in shrimp ditch, has built a good ecological environment for red claw crayfish；It splashes quick lime, has killed rice
The harmful bacteria and harmful organisms of Tanaka, reduces the disease incidence of rice and red claw crayfish；Using plantation vetiver, sesame on ridge
Fiber crops, coreopsis and clover, the prevention and control of insect pest biology and landscaping for rice；Commodity mixed feed is selected, is promoted red
The fast-growth of chela crayfish；Water quality is managed and is adjusted, rice is maintained and red claw crayfish grows necessary environment；It obtains
The rice product and red claw crayfish for obtaining high-quality, effectively increase the comprehensive benefit in rice field.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described,
Obviously, the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments；Based on the reality in the present invention
Example is applied, every other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts all belongs to
In the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of red claw crayfish paddy field aquaculture proposed by the present invention, comprising the following steps:
A) rice field irrigation facility is transformed: behind selection rice field, using the field face in winter slack season finishing rice field, excavating shrimp ditch, shrimp ditch L
Shape, furrow width 2.0m, deep 1.0 m, area account for the 8% of the rice field gross area；Increase ridge, section is trapezoidal, ridge bottom width 0.8m, top
Wide 0.4 m, top are higher by field plane 0.8m；Plastic film escape-proof fence is arranged in ridge surrounding in rice field, and fence base portion enters
15 cm of soil, are higher by 40 cm of ridge；60 mesh are set in water inlet and filter tulle.
B) preparation before breeding: direct sowing of rice transplants preceding 10d, is carried out thoroughly with after quicklime slurrying to monolith rice field
Clear miscellaneous disinfection, quick lime dosage are 150 kg/ mus；7d before planting, disposably uses sufficient base manure, and base manure dosage is farmyard manure 250kg/
Mu, 50kg/ mu of phosphate fertilizer, base manure be uniformly sprinkling upon field face and with machine turn over harrow it is even；The water such as waterweed, water peanut are transplanted in shrimp ditch
Plant transplants family every 2m, with spot distribution.
C) rice varieties selection and plantation: selection is not easy to lodge, disease and insect resistance, rice product of short stem and shorter growth period
Kind, using direct-seeding carry out Rice Cropping, in 5 months, the last ten-days period carry out direct sowing of rice, application rate be 0.75 kg/ mus.
D) selection and dispensing of shrimp seedling: after Rice Cropping 15d, the red chela that neat specification, limbs are complete, swimming is active is selected
Crayfish shrimp seedling, a length of 1.2~1.5cm/ tail of shrimp seedling specification body；After 2% saline solution soaking disinfection 10min, the Yu Qingtian morning or
It is launched at dusk, breeding density is 5000 tails/mu；60 tail of silver carp fingerling of another intercropping 150g/ tail appropriate again.
E) daily management of rice: after rice transplanting in 7d, keep Soil surface water position within 3cm；It turns green to tiller early period and keeps
Soil surface water position 1cm, intermittent irrigation；Soil surface water position is added to 10cm, deep water control tiller by the tiller middle and later periods；Boot stage 10d to before gathering in
Keep Soil surface water position 20cm.10d before gathering in, field face fall dry, holding shrimp ditch ordinary water level naturally.After transplanting 7d and 12d, apply respectively
Add a top dressing.First time topdressing dosage is 5 kg/ mus and 7.5 kg/ mus of potassium chloride of urea；2nd top dressing dosage is urea
5kg/ mus and 5 kg/ mus of potassium chloride.Using the insect pest of the method for physics and biology prevention and treatment rice.In field by every lamp control 30
The range of mu installs 1 solar insect-killing light, places 1 striped rice borer per acre；Vetiver, sesame, coreopsis are planted on ridge
And clover.
F) aquaculture management of red claw crayfish: being fed using commodity mixed feed, full-time feeding volume be shrimp weight 5~
8%, Prawn weight 3~4%, prawn weight 1~2%；It feeds in two times daily, the time fed for the first time is 7~9 points, feeding volume
Account for the 20% of full-time feeding volume；The time fed for the second time is 16~18 points, and feeding volume accounts for the 80% of full-time feeding volume.Monthly with life
Lime disinfection 1 time, the dosage of quick lime is 10kg/ mus.Open aerator oxygenation in due course, every 15d with a microorganism formulation into
Row water quality adjustment, microorganism formulation are the group of one or more of bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrobacteria, saccharomycete
It closes.
G) fishing of rice harvesting and shoal of shrimps: rice harvesting carries out after grain yellow maturity in the middle part of spike of rice in due course by the end of October；
The harvest of red claw crayfish is traped using cage net, is finally drained the dry pool, is caught and catch list marketing.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method of red huge legendary turtle crayfish paddy field aquaculture proposed by the present invention, comprising the following steps:
A) rice field irrigation facility is transformed: behind selection rice field, using the field face in winter slack season finishing rice field, excavating shrimp ditch, shrimp ditch is
Square shape, furrow width 2.5m, deep 0.8m, area account for the 10% of the rice field gross area；Increase ridge, section is trapezoidal, ridge bottom width 1.0m,
Wide 0.6 m in top, top are higher by field plane 1.0m；Stainless steel plate escape-proof fence, fence base is arranged in ridge surrounding in rice field
Bury 15 cm in portion, is higher by ridge 50cm；60 mesh are set in water inlet and filter tulle.
B) preparation before breeding: direct sowing of rice transplants preceding 10d, is carried out thoroughly with after quicklime slurrying to monolith rice field
Clear miscellaneous disinfection, quick lime dosage are 180 kg/ mus；7d before planting, disposably uses sufficient base manure, and base manure dosage is farmyard manure 300kg/
Mu, 30kg/ mu of phosphate fertilizer, base manure be uniformly sprinkling upon field face and with machine turn over harrow it is even；The water such as waterweed, water peanut are transplanted in shrimp ditch
Plant transplants family every 2m, with spot distribution.
C) rice varieties selection and plantation: selection is not easy to lodge, disease and insect resistance, rice product of short stem and shorter growth period
Kind, using direct-seeding carry out Rice Cropping, in 5 months, the last ten-days period carry out direct sowing of rice, application rate be 1kg/ mus.
D) selection and dispensing of shrimp seedling: after Rice Cropping 15d, the red chela that neat specification, limbs are complete, swimming is active is selected
Crayfish shrimp seedling, a length of 0.8~1.0cm/ tail of shrimp seedling specification body；After 2% saline solution soaking disinfection 10min, the Yu Qingtian morning or
It is launched at dusk, breeding density is 8000 tails/mu；80 tail of silver carp fingerling of another intercropping 150g/ tail appropriate again.
E) daily management of rice: after rice transplanting in 7d, keep Soil surface water position within 3cm；It turns green to tiller early period and keeps
Soil surface water position 3cm, intermittent irrigation；Soil surface water position is added to 20cm, deep water control tiller by the tiller middle and later periods；Boot stage 10d to before gathering in
Keep Soil surface water position 30cm.10d before gathering in, field face fall dry, holding shrimp ditch ordinary water level naturally.After transplanting 7d and 12d, apply respectively
Add a top dressing.First time topdressing dosage is 5 kg/ mus and 7.5 kg/ mus of potassium chloride of urea；2nd top dressing dosage is urea
7.5 kg/ mus and 5 kg/ mus of potassium chloride.Using the insect pest of the method for physics and biology prevention and treatment rice.Every lamp control is pressed in field
The range of 30 mu of system installs 1 solar insect-killing light, places 1 striped rice borer per acre；Vetiver, sesame, wave are planted on ridge
This chrysanthemum and clover.
F) aquaculture management of red claw crayfish: being fed using commodity mixed feed, full-time feeding volume be shrimp weight 5~
8%, Prawn weight 3~4%, prawn weight 1~2%；It feeds in two times daily, the time fed for the first time is 7~9 points, feeding volume
Account for the 30% of full-time feeding volume；The time fed for the second time is 16~18 points, and feeding volume accounts for the 70% of full-time feeding volume.Monthly with life
Lime disinfection 1 time, the dosage of quick lime is 15kg/ mus.Open aerator oxygenation in due course, every 15d with a microorganism formulation into
Row water quality adjustment, microorganism formulation are the group of one or more of bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrobacteria, saccharomycete
It closes.
G) fishing of rice harvesting and shoal of shrimps: rice harvesting carries out after grain yellow maturity in the middle part of spike of rice in due course by the end of October；
The harvest of red claw crayfish is traped using cage net, is finally drained the dry pool, is caught and catch list marketing.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method of red huge legendary turtle crayfish paddy field aquaculture proposed by the present invention, comprising the following steps:
A) rice field irrigation facility is transformed: behind selection rice field, using the field face in winter slack season finishing rice field, excavating shrimp ditch, shrimp ditch L
Shape, furrow width 2.2m, deep 1.0 m, area account for the 10% of the rice field gross area；Increase ridge, section is trapezoidal, ridge bottom width 1.0m, top
Wide 0.45 m, top are higher by field plane 1.0m；Asbestos shingle escape-proof fence is arranged in ridge surrounding in rice field, and fence base portion buries
15 cm are higher by 45 cm of ridge；60 mesh are set in water inlet and filter tulle.
B) preparation before breeding: direct sowing of rice transplants preceding 10d, is carried out thoroughly with after quicklime slurrying to monolith rice field
Clear miscellaneous disinfection, quick lime dosage are 175 kg/ mus；7d before planting, disposably uses sufficient base manure, and base manure dosage is farmyard manure 275kg/
Mu, 40kg/ mu of phosphate fertilizer, base manure be uniformly sprinkling upon field face and with machine turn over harrow it is even；The water such as waterweed, water peanut are transplanted in shrimp ditch
Plant transplants family every 2m, with spot distribution.
C) rice varieties selection and plantation: selection is not easy to lodge, disease and insect resistance, rice product of short stem and shorter growth period
Kind, mode is planted using seedling and carries out Rice Cropping, in 5 months, last ten-days period seedling, by the end of May to early June using by the way of dilute kind uniform
Carry out the machine transplanting of rice.Transplant 30 cm of line-spacing, spacing in the rows 20 cm, 2 plants every clump.
D) selection and dispensing of shrimp seedling: after Rice Cropping 15d, the red chela that neat specification, limbs are complete, swimming is active is selected
Crayfish shrimp seedling, a length of 1.0~1.2cm/ tail of shrimp seedling specification body；After 2% saline solution soaking disinfection 10min, the Yu Qingtian morning or
It is launched at dusk, breeding density is 6000 tails/mu；60 tail of silver carp fingerling of another intercropping 150g/ tail appropriate again.
E) daily management of rice: after rice transplanting in 7d, keep Soil surface water position within 3cm；It turns green to tiller early period and keeps
Soil surface water position 2cm, intermittent irrigation；Soil surface water position is added to 15cm, deep water control tiller by the tiller middle and later periods；Boot stage 10d to before gathering in
Keep Soil surface water position 25cm.10d before gathering in, field face fall dry, holding shrimp ditch ordinary water level naturally.After transplanting 7d and 12d, apply respectively
Add a top dressing.First time topdressing dosage is 5 kg/ mus and 7.5 kg/ mus of potassium chloride of urea；2nd top dressing dosage is urea
6kg/ mus and 5 kg/ mus of potassium chloride.Using the insect pest of the method for physics and biology prevention and treatment rice.In field by every lamp control 30
The range of mu installs 1 solar insect-killing light, places 1 striped rice borer per acre；Vetiver, sesame, coreopsis are planted on ridge
And clover.
F) aquaculture management of red claw crayfish: being fed using commodity mixed feed, full-time feeding volume be shrimp weight 5~
8%, Prawn weight 3~4%, prawn weight 1~2%；It feeds in two times daily, the time fed for the first time is 7~9 points, feeding volume
Account for the 25% of full-time feeding volume；The time fed for the second time is 16~18 points, and feeding volume accounts for the 75% of full-time feeding volume.Monthly with life
Lime disinfection 1 time, the dosage of quick lime is 12kg/ mus.Open aerator oxygenation in due course, every 15d with a microorganism formulation into
Row water quality adjustment, microorganism formulation are the group of one or more of bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrobacteria, saccharomycete
It closes.
G) fishing of rice harvesting and shoal of shrimps: rice harvesting carries out after grain yellow maturity in the middle part of spike of rice in due course by the end of October；
The harvest of red claw crayfish is traped using cage net, is finally drained the dry pool, is caught and catch list marketing.
By implementing, compared with traditional single rice mode, red claw crayfish paddy field aquaculture mode, except harvest equivalent production
Outside paddy, 200 pounds/acre of red claw crayfish or more are also harvested, increases by 10000 yuan of paddy field per mu yield value or more.Simultaneously as breeding
Cheng Caiyong biology insect-pest measure reduces 50% or more Pesticide use, to mitigate agricultural non-point source pollution.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Anyone skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technique and scheme of the present invention and its
Inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method of red claw crayfish paddy field aquaculture, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
A) rice field irrigation facility is transformed: behind selection rice field, using the field face in winter slack season finishing rice field, excavating shrimp ditch, area accounts for
The 8~10% of the rice field gross area；2.0~2.5 m of furrow width, deep 0.8~1.0 m；Increase ridge, section is trapezoidal, ridge bottom width 0.8
~1.0 m, wide 0.4~0.6 m in top, top is higher by 0.8~1.0 m of field plane；Ridge surrounding setting in rice field is anti-escape
Fence is arranged 60 mesh in water inlet and filters tulle；
B) preparation before breeding: direct sowing of rice transplants preceding 10d, thoroughly clear miscellaneous with carrying out after quicklime slurrying to monolith rice field
Disinfection；7d before planting, disposably uses sufficient base manure, and base manure is uniformly sprinkling upon field face and to turn over rake with machine even；Her is transplanted in shrimp ditch
Happy algae, water peanut or other water plants transplant family every 2m, with spot distribution；
C) rice varieties selection and plantation: selection is not easy to lodge, disease and insect resistance, rice varieties of short stem and shorter growth period, adopts
Rice Cropping is carried out with the mode of live streaming or seedling transplanting；
D) selection and dispensing of shrimp seedling: after Rice Cropping 15d, the red claw crayfish that neat specification, limbs are complete, swimming is active is selected
Shrimp seedling, after 2% saline solution soaking disinfection 10min, the Yu Qingtian morning or dusk are launched；Separately intercropping 150g/ tail again is white
60~80 tail of silver carp kind；
E) daily management of rice: after rice transplanting in 7d, keep Soil surface water position within 3cm；It turns green and keeps field face to tiller early period
1~3cm of water level, intermittent irrigation；Soil surface water position is added to 10~15cm, deep water control tiller by the tiller middle and later periods；Boot stage is to before gathering in
10d keeps 20~30cm of Soil surface water position；10d before gathering in, field face fall dry, holding shrimp ditch ordinary water level naturally；Transplant 7d and 12d
Afterwards, apply a top dressing respectively；Using the insect pest of the method for physics and biology prevention and treatment rice；
F) aquaculture management of red claw crayfish: feed using commodity mixed feed and feeds in two times daily, feeds for the first time
Time is 7~9 points, and feeding volume accounts for the 20~30% of full-time feeding volume；The time fed for the second time is 16~18 points, and feeding volume accounts for
The 70%~80% of full-time feeding volume；It monthly uses lime disinfection 1 time, the dosage of quick lime is 10~15kg/ mus；Oxygenation is opened in due course
Machine oxygenation carries out water quality adjustment with a microorganism formulation every 15d；
G) fishing of rice harvesting and shoal of shrimps: rice harvesting by the end of October at the beginning of 11 months after grain yellow maturity in the middle part of spike of rice in due course into
Row；The harvest of red claw crayfish is traped using cage net, is finally drained the dry pool, is caught and catch list marketing.
2. a kind of method of red claw crayfish paddy field aquaculture according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in step a)
Shrimp ditch is L shape or square shape；The escape-proof fence material is plastic film, stainless steel plate or asbestos shingle, and fence base portion enters
15 cm of soil, are higher by 40~50 cm of ridge.
3. a kind of method of red claw crayfish paddy field aquaculture according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in step b)
Quick lime dosage is 150~180 kg/ mus；The base manure dosage is 250~300kg/ of farmyard manure mus, 30~50kg/ of phosphate fertilizer
Mu.
4. a kind of method of red claw crayfish paddy field aquaculture according to claim 1, it is characterised in that rice is straight in step c)
It broadcasts in 5 months, last ten-days period progress, application rate is 0.75~1 kg/ mus.
5. a kind of method of red claw crayfish paddy field aquaculture according to claim 1, it is characterised in that rice is educated in step c)
In seedling transplanting method 5 months, last ten-days period seedling, by the end of May to early June using uniformly carrying out the machine transplanting of rice or artificial transplanting by the way of dilute kind；
Transplant 30 cm of line-spacing, spacing in the rows 15~20 cm, 1~2 plant every clump.
6. a kind of method of red claw crayfish paddy field aquaculture according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in step d)
Shrimp seedling, a length of 0.8~1.5cm/ tail of specification body；Breeding density is 5000~8000 tails/mu.
7. a kind of method of red claw crayfish paddy field aquaculture according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in step e)
Apply top dressing dosage, is for the first time 5 kg/ mus and 7.5 kg/ mus of potassium chloride of urea；2nd time is 5~7.5 kg/ mus of urea and chlorine
Change 5 kg/ mus of potassium.
8. a kind of method of red claw crayfish paddy field aquaculture according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in step e)
Rice insect pest control method is specific: installing 1 solar insect-killing light by the range that every lamp controls 30 mu in field, places per acre
1 striped rice borer or rice leaf roller trapper；Vetiver, sesame, coreopsis and clover are planted on ridge.
9. a kind of method of red claw crayfish paddy field aquaculture according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in step f)
The full-time feeding volume of commodity mixed feed is shrimp weight 5~8%, Prawn weight 3~4%, prawn weight 1~2%.
10. a kind of method of red claw crayfish paddy field aquaculture according to claim 1, it is characterised in that micro- described in step f)
Biological agent is the combination of one or more of bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrobacteria, saccharomycete.
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| CN116530450A (en) * | 2023-06-16 | 2023-08-04 | 江苏中水东泽农业发展股份有限公司 | Mixed cultivation method for rice and shrimps |
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