CN104137750A - Method for comprehensively cultivating wheat and loaches in rice stubbles - Google Patents
Method for comprehensively cultivating wheat and loaches in rice stubbles Download PDFInfo
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- CN104137750A CN104137750A CN201410348338.6A CN201410348338A CN104137750A CN 104137750 A CN104137750 A CN 104137750A CN 201410348338 A CN201410348338 A CN 201410348338A CN 104137750 A CN104137750 A CN 104137750A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for comprehensively cultivating wheat and loaches in rice stubbles, and relates to a method for comprehensively cultivating crops and aquatic organisms. The method comprises the steps of ridge heightening and widening, superior seed rice selecting and planting, rice pest controlling, loach, grass carp and silver carp and bighead carp fry throwing, fry feeding, water quality managing, winter wheat planting, pest controlling and other steps meeting technical requirements. The comprehensive cultivating method is scientific, advanced and suitable for sustainable development, rice diseases and insect pests are obviously reduced, the usage amount of pesticide and fertilizer is greatly reduced, the quality and yield of rice are improved, the fishery space is expanded, and the economic benefits are increased.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of method of crops and the comprehensive breeding of aquatic biological, be specifically related to the method for the comprehensive breeding of a kind of Wheat After Getting Rice loach.
Background technology:
Along with socioeconomic development and scientific and technological progress, the traditional production planting patterns yield poorly, economic benefit being low, the production cycle is long, cannot meet the development need of modern society, and be eliminated gradually.And the modern science production model of scientific and efficient, environmental protection, sustainable development developing rapidly, growing, and replace gradually traditional cropping pattern.Modern production pattern adopts the method for crops and the comprehensive breeding of aquatic biological more, and existing technology comprises that rice fingerling is supported, and rice shrimp species are foster etc., and its shortcoming is:
One, aquatic biological is single, only only has the comprehensive breeding of a kind of aquatic biological and crops, and efficiency is low, economic benefit is low;
Two, land utilization rate is low, only in rice cultivation, takes the mode of comprehensive breeding, in plantation, still adopts traditional breeding mode during wheat, yields poorly, economic benefit is low, the production cycle is long, be unfavorable for sustainable development;
Three, single aquatic biological is asynchronous with the crops production cycle, and farmland utilization rate is low, and overall efficiency is low;
Four, single aquatic biological can not well be optimized agricultural ecological breeding environment, and the usage amount of chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals is more, can, to environment, also can reduce the quality of aquatic biological.
Summary of the invention:
Technical problem to be solved by this invention be to overcome prior art defect, provide a kind of economic benefit higher, pollute still less, the method for the comprehensive breeding of Wheat After Getting Rice loach that quality is higher.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A method for the comprehensive breeding of Wheat After Getting Rice loach, comprises the following steps:
(1) rice field irrigation facility: increase and widen ridge, the high 50cm of ridge, bottom width 60cm, top width 40cm, ridge will be tamped, fish ditch, fish-pit account for 5%～8% of rice field area, at about 1 meter away from ridge inner side excavation " U " shape ditch be, furrow width 80cm, dark 60cm, in rice field central authorities, dig field ditch, for " ten " font or " well " font, wide 30cm～40cm, dark 30cm～40cm, communicate with " U " shape ditch, in ridge inner side, with 20 object polythene net sheets, do and prevent escaping wall, high 100cm, imbeds the interior 20cm of soil to hard mud layer, with timber or bamboo stake, fix, four jiaos in the arc-shaped.Rice field is entered discharge outlet and is become diagonal angle to settle, and Double-level Reticulated is installed, and outer with 20 order polythene nets, internal layer is made fish screen with 20 order wire nettings.
(2) Rice Cropping: select disease-resistant pest-resistant high-quality seed rice resistant to lodging, as Anhui rice 96, raise spoke round-grained rice No. 8, force is educated No. 16, round-grained rice etc., rice seedling seedling raise period is 10～June 10 May then, the seedling growing time is 15～June 25 June then, plant for every mu and be not less than 15000 caves, water level in paddy field should be according to need of production timely adjustment, during paddy growth, face above actual water level in field should remain on 5cm～10cm, add new water in good time, general every two weeks adds water 1 time, summer high-temperature season should suitably add deep water level, using chemical fertilizer will be on a small quantity repeatedly, control amount of application, the amount of application of urea is 3kg/667m
2, ammonium sulfate is 6kg/m
2, once execute half block field, attention can not be sprinkled into fertilizer in fish ditch.
(3) rice pest control: select efficient, low toxicity, less-persistent pesticide, principal item has BT, Avermectin, carbendazim, jinggangmycin, uses electrostatic atomiser, adopts spray pattern during medication, pulvis does not spray when dew is dry in the morning, aqua should be sprayed after fine day dew is dry, and during spray medicine, nozzle upwards sprays, and medicine is sprinkled upon on blade face as far as possible, reduce the dose falling into the water, spraying time should rest in after cloudy day or at 5 o'clock in afternoon, must guard against the front spray of rain medicine, in order to avoid affect loach safety.
(4) loach, grass carp, silver carp flathead seed are thrown in: after shoot transplanting equipment 7d～10d is turned green, put loach seed in a suitable place to breed, require physique healthy and strong, energy is strong, body surface smooth, and it is anosis that without wound, specification is at 4cm/ tail～5cm/ tail, and stocking rate is at 10,000 tails/667m
2～1.2 ten thousand tails/667m
2, specification is at 8cm/ tail～10cm/ tail, and stocking rate is at 0.5 ten thousand tails/667m
2～0.7 ten thousand tails/667m
2, put in a suitable place to breed after loach seed 7d～10d, put grass carp, silver carp flathead seed in a suitable place to breed, specification is at 5cm/ tail～7cm/ tail, stocking rate grass carp 150 tails/667m
2, silver carp flathead 100 tails/667m
2.
(5) seed bait throwing in: daily ration of feeding is 3%～5% of fish body weight, throws something and feeds 40% morning, throws something and feeds 60% afternoon, cloudy day, the gentle weather forcing down should reduce daily ration, feeding quantity, the forage volume of at every turn throwing something and feeding, ate up and is advisable with 1 hour, surpassed and should reduce feeding volume in 1 hour, water temperature is higher than 30 ℃, during lower than 10 ℃, do not throw something and feed, the place of throwing something and feeding is selected in fish ditch, twice of every day, morning and at dusk each once, is accomplished regularly, location, determine matter, quantitative " four determine " principle.
(6) water quality management: monthly impose fertilizer 50kg/667m by fermentation
2, and adding a small amount of superphosphate, in fish ditch, water transparency is controlled at 15cm～20cm, in the bleaching powder fish ditch that is 1 * 10-6 by concentration every about 1 month and fish-pit, float is 1 time, when water temperature surpasses 30 ℃, the new water of annotating, and increase the interior depth of water of fish ditch to 80cm.
(7) winter wheat plantation: select high yield and high quality how anti-, and breeding time is short, date of seeding elasticity barley and wheat new varieties, the kinds such as Ru Wan section 700, Anhui section 06290 and tobacco grower 19, after paddy rice harvesting, arrange field, at the beginning of 11 months, carry out lively, wheat seed 20～25kg for mu, as late sowing should suitably increase the amount of broadcasting, execute high-quality compound organic fertilizer 300kg for every mu, mu imposes 7 kilograms, the fertile urea of jointing, and Wheat in Grain Filling Stage, with the potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution foliage-spray of 0.4%-0.5%.
(8) the winter wheat extermination of disease and insect pest: enhance field management, do a spray three well anti-, reach preventing disease pest control object, at wheat growth stage, use the mixed agent sprayings such as high-efficient low toxicity insecticide and bactericide, plant growth regulator, foliage fertilizer, micro-fertilizer, reach preventing disease and pest, anti-dry-hot wind, lodging-prevention, increase the effect of grain weightening finish, guarantee wheat increase yield.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, method is practical.
2, strong operability.
3, in same rice field, realize the three dimensional-planting-breeding of rice wheat loach fish.
4, save soil, saving water resource.
5, remarkable in economical benefits.
Embodiment:
A method for the comprehensive breeding of Wheat After Getting Rice loach, comprises the following steps:
(1) rice field irrigation facility: increase and widen ridge, the high 50cm of ridge, bottom width 60cm, top width 40cm, ridge will be tamped, fish ditch, fish-pit accounts for 5%～8% of rice field area, at about 1 meter away from ridge inner side excavation " U " shape ditch be, furrow width 80cm, dark 60cm, in rice field central authorities, dig field ditch, for " ten " font, wide 30cm～40cm, dark 30cm～40cm, communicate with " U " shape ditch, in ridge inner side, with 20 object polythene net sheets, do the anti-wall of escaping, high 100cm, imbed the interior 20cm of soil to hard mud layer, with timber or bamboo stake, fix, four jiaos in the arc-shaped, rice field is entered discharge outlet and is become diagonal angle to settle, and Double-level Reticulated is installed, outer with 20 order polythene nets, internal layer is made fish screen with 20 order wire nettings.
(2) Rice Cropping: select disease-resistant pest-resistant high-quality seed rice resistant to lodging, as Anhui rice 96, raise spoke round-grained rice No. 8, force is educated No. 16, round-grained rice etc., rice seedling seedling raise period is 10～June 10 May then, the seedling growing time is 15～June 25 June then, plant for every mu and be not less than 15000 caves, water level in paddy field should be according to need of production timely adjustment, during paddy growth, face above actual water level in field should remain on 5cm～10cm, add new water in good time, general every two weeks adds water 1 time, summer high-temperature season should suitably add deep water level, using chemical fertilizer will be on a small quantity repeatedly, control amount of application, the amount of application of urea is 3kg/667m
2, ammonium sulfate is 6kg/m
2, once execute half block field, attention can not be sprinkled into fertilizer in fish ditch.
(3) rice pest control: select efficient, low toxicity, less-persistent pesticide, principal item has BT, Avermectin, carbendazim, jinggangmycin, uses electrostatic atomiser, adopts spray pattern during medication, pulvis does not spray when dew is dry in the morning, aqua should be sprayed after fine day dew is dry, and during spray medicine, nozzle upwards sprays, and medicine is sprinkled upon on blade face as far as possible, reduce the dose falling into the water, spraying time should rest in after cloudy day or at 5 o'clock in afternoon, must guard against the front spray of rain medicine, in order to avoid affect loach safety.
(4) loach, grass carp, silver carp flathead seed are thrown in: after shoot transplanting equipment 7d～10d is turned green, put loach seed in a suitable place to breed, require physique healthy and strong, energy is strong, body surface smooth, and it is anosis that without wound, specification is at 4cm/ tail～5cm/ tail, and stocking rate is at 10,000 tails/667m
2～1.2 ten thousand tails/667m
2, specification is at 8cm/ tail～10cm/ tail, and stocking rate is at 0.5 ten thousand tails/667m
2～0.7 ten thousand tails/667m
2, put in a suitable place to breed after loach seed 7d～10d, put grass carp, silver carp flathead seed in a suitable place to breed, specification is at 5cm/ tail～7cm/ tail, stocking rate grass carp 150 tails/667m
2, silver carp flathead 100 tails/667m
2.
(5) seed bait throwing in: daily ration of feeding is 3%～5% of fish body weight, throws something and feeds 40% morning, throws something and feeds 60% afternoon, cloudy day, the gentle weather forcing down should reduce daily ration, feeding quantity, the forage volume of at every turn throwing something and feeding, ate up and is advisable with 1 hour, surpassed and should reduce feeding volume in 1 hour, water temperature is higher than 30 ℃, during lower than 10 ℃, do not throw something and feed, the place of throwing something and feeding is selected in fish ditch, twice of every day, morning and at dusk each once, is accomplished regularly, location, determine matter, quantitative " four determine " principle.
(6) water quality management: monthly impose fertilizer 50kg/667m by fermentation
2, and adding a small amount of superphosphate, in fish ditch, water transparency is controlled at 15cm～20cm, in the bleaching powder fish ditch that is 1 * 10-6 by concentration every about 1 month and fish-pit, float is 1 time, when water temperature surpasses 30 ℃, the new water of annotating, and increase the interior depth of water of fish ditch to 80cm.
(7) winter wheat plantation: select high yield and high quality how anti-, and breeding time is short, date of seeding elasticity barley and wheat new varieties, the kinds such as Ru Wan section 700, Anhui section 06290 and tobacco grower 19, after paddy rice harvesting, arrange field, at the beginning of 11 months, carry out lively, wheat seed 20～25kg for mu, as late sowing should suitably increase the amount of broadcasting, execute high-quality compound organic fertilizer 300kg for every mu, mu imposes 7 kilograms, the fertile urea of jointing, and Wheat in Grain Filling Stage, with the potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution foliage-spray of 0.4%-0.5%.
(8) the winter wheat extermination of disease and insect pest: enhance field management, do a spray three well anti-, reach preventing disease pest control object, at wheat growth stage, use the mixed agent sprayings such as high-efficient low toxicity insecticide and bactericide, plant growth regulator, foliage fertilizer, micro-fertilizer, reach preventing disease and pest, anti-dry-hot wind, lodging-prevention, increase the effect of grain weightening finish, guarantee wheat increase yield.
Claims (5)
1. a method for the comprehensive breeding of Wheat After Getting Rice loach, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) rice field irrigation facility: increase and widen ridge, the high 50cm of ridge, bottom width 60cm, top width 40cm, ridge will be tamped, and fish ditch, fish-pit account for 5%～8% of rice field area, at about 1 meter away from ridge inner side excavation " U " shape ditch be, in rice field central authorities, dig field ditch, for " ten " font, communicate with " U " shape ditch, in ridge inner side, the anti-wall of escaping is set, with timber or bamboo stake, fix, four jiaos in the arc-shaped, and rice field water inlet becomes diagonal angle to settle with discharge outlet, and Double-level Reticulated is installed, outer with 20 order polythene nets, internal layer is made fish screen with 20 order wire nettings.
(2) Rice Cropping: select disease-resistant pest-resistant high-quality seed rice resistant to lodging, as Anhui rice 96, raise spoke round-grained rice No. 8, force is educated No. 16, round-grained rice etc., rice seedling seedling raise period is 10～June 10 May then, the seedling growing time is 15～June 25 June then, plant for every mu and be not less than 15000 caves, water level in paddy field should be according to need of production timely adjustment, during paddy growth, face above actual water level in field should remain on 5cm～10cm, add new water in good time, general every two weeks adds water 1 time, summer high-temperature season should suitably add deep water level, using chemical fertilizer will be on a small quantity repeatedly, control amount of application, the amount of application of urea is 3kg/667m
2, ammonium sulfate is 6kg/m
2, once execute half block field, attention can not be sprinkled into fertilizer in fish ditch.
(3) rice pest control: select efficient, low toxicity, less-persistent pesticide, principal item has BT, Avermectin, carbendazim, jinggangmycin, uses electrostatic atomiser, adopts spray pattern during medication, pulvis does not spray when dew is dry in the morning, aqua should be sprayed after fine day dew is dry, and during spray medicine, nozzle upwards sprays, and medicine is sprinkled upon on blade face, reduce the dose falling into the water, spraying time should rest in after cloudy day or at 5 o'clock in afternoon, must guard against the front spray of rain medicine, in order to avoid affect loach safety.
(4) loach, grass carp, silver carp flathead seed are thrown in: after shoot transplanting equipment 7d～10d is turned green, put loach seed in a suitable place to breed, specification is at 4cm/ tail～5cm/ tail, and stocking rate is at 10,000 tails/667m
2～1.2 ten thousand tails/667m
2, specification is at 8cm/ tail～10cm/ tail, and stocking rate is at 0.5 ten thousand tails/667m
2～0.7 ten thousand tails/667m
2, put in a suitable place to breed after loach seed 7d～10d, put grass carp, silver carp flathead seed in a suitable place to breed, specification is at 5cm/ tail～7cm/ tail, stocking rate grass carp 150 tails/667m
2, silver carp flathead 100 tails/667m
2.
(5) bait throwing in such as loach: daily ration of feeding is 3%～5% of fish body weight, throws something and feeds 40% morning, throws something and feeds 60% afternoon, cloudy day, the gentle weather forcing down should reduce daily ration, feeding quantity, the forage volume of at every turn throwing something and feeding, ate up and is advisable with 1 hour, surpassed and should reduce feeding volume in 1 hour, water temperature is higher than 30 ℃, during lower than 10 ℃, do not throw something and feed, the place of throwing something and feeding is selected in fish ditch, twice of every day, morning and at dusk each once, is accomplished regularly, location, determine matter, quantitative " four determine " principle.
(6) water quality management: monthly impose fertilizer 50kg/667m2 by fermentation, and add a small amount of superphosphate, in fish ditch, water transparency is controlled at 15cm～20cm, in the bleaching powder fish ditch that is 1 * 10-6 by concentration every about 1 month and fish-pit, float is 1 time, when water temperature surpasses 30 ℃, the new water of annotating, and increase in fish ditch the depth of water to 80cm.
(7) winter wheat plantation: select high yield and high quality how anti-, and breeding time is short, date of seeding elasticity barley and wheat new varieties, the kinds such as Ru Wan section 700, Anhui section 06290 and tobacco grower 19, after paddy rice harvesting, arrange field, at the beginning of 11 months, carry out lively, wheat seed 20～25kg for mu, as late sowing should suitably increase the amount of broadcasting, execute high-quality compound organic fertilizer 300kg for every mu, mu imposes 7 kilograms, the fertile urea of jointing, and Wheat in Grain Filling Stage, with the potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution foliage-spray of 0.4%-0.5%.
(8) the winter wheat extermination of disease and insect pest: enhance field management, do a spray three well anti-, use the mixed agent sprayings such as high-efficient low toxicity insecticide and bactericide, plant growth regulator, foliage fertilizer, micro-fertilizer at wheat growth stage.
2. the method for the comprehensive breeding of Wheat After Getting Rice loach according to claim 1, is characterized in that: " U " shape furrow width 80cm, dark 60cm.
3. the method for the comprehensive breeding of Wheat After Getting Rice loach according to claim 1, is characterized in that: " ten " font furrow width 30cm～40cm, dark 30cm～40cm.
4. the method for the comprehensive breeding of Wheat After Getting Rice loach according to claim 1, is characterized in that: prevent that escaping wall is 20 object polythene net sheets, high 100cm, imbeds the interior 20cm of soil to hard mud layer.
5. the method for the comprehensive breeding of Wheat After Getting Rice loach according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the loach seed of putting in a suitable place to breed needs physique healthy and strong, and energy is strong, and body surface smooth is anosis without wound.
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Cited By (9)
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| CN104813884A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-08-05 | 重庆市农业科学院 | Method for planting ratoon rice and culturing loaches in three-dimensional mode |
| CN104823679A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-08-12 | 临沂市金秋大粮农业科技有限公司 | No-tillage seeding straw mulching method for wheat bred under rice stubbles |
| CN106941988A (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2017-07-14 | 马鞍山农腾生态农业科技发展有限公司 | One seed shrimp, paddy rice, barley continuous cropping ecological circulation breeding new model |
| CN107494097A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2017-12-22 | 崇州市王场俊亨蔬菜种植专业合作社 | Rice field stereo synthesis breeding method |
| CN108496720A (en) * | 2018-03-14 | 2018-09-07 | 和县明信水产养殖专业合作社 | A kind of late inbred rice loach synthesis breeding method |
| CN109673436A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2019-04-26 | 郑晓华 | A kind of plantation of green rice and fish polyculture method |
| CN109717032A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-05-07 | 潘典进 | One seed shrimp rice symbiosis field paddy rice planting method |
| CN109937951A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-06-28 | 桂林市水产技术中心推广站 | A kind of rice fishing collective species are breeded fish ditch method of construction |
| CN111480543A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-08-04 | 连州市贤鱼水产养殖专业合作社 | Ecological planting and rotation mode for rice, aquatic products and flowering cabbage |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN104823679A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-08-12 | 临沂市金秋大粮农业科技有限公司 | No-tillage seeding straw mulching method for wheat bred under rice stubbles |
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