CN106665179A - Method for cultivating rhizoma polygonati seedlings in greenhouses - Google Patents
Method for cultivating rhizoma polygonati seedlings in greenhouses Download PDFInfo
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- CN106665179A CN106665179A CN201611226328.0A CN201611226328A CN106665179A CN 106665179 A CN106665179 A CN 106665179A CN 201611226328 A CN201611226328 A CN 201611226328A CN 106665179 A CN106665179 A CN 106665179A
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- rhizoma polygonati
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- carbendazol
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G29/00—Root feeders; Injecting fertilisers into the roots
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
- C05F11/02—Other organic fertilisers from peat, brown coal, and similar vegetable deposits
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating rhizoma polygonati seedlings in greenhouses. The method includes steps of 1), picking ripe rhizoma polygonati fruits; 2), drying the ripe rhizoma polygonati fruits; 3), disinfecting humus soil; 4), preparing mixed media; 5), preparing nutrient media; 6), carrying out cultivating and reproducing by the aid of nutrition cups; 7), planting the rhizoma polygonati fruits in the greenhouses at the internal temperatures of 22-25 DEG C under the control, keeping the greenhouses ventilated, illuminating the rhizoma polygonati fruits for the illumination time of 10-15 hours/day, regularly spraying disinfectant liquid, regularly spraying clear water after the rhizoma polygonati seedlings emerge and illuminating the rhizoma polygonati seedlings for the prolonged illumination time of 15-20 hours/day; 8), only reserving a strong rhizoma polygonati seedling in each nutrition cup when the rhizoma polygonati seedling grows and the height of the rhizoma polygonati seedling reaches 2.5-3.5 cm, and irrigating the roots of the rhizoma polygonati seedlings with potassium fertilizer water with the proportion of 80-150 times before the rhizoma polygonati seedlings are transplanted; 9), transplanting the rhizoma polygonati seedlings. The method for cultivating the rhizoma polygonati seedlings in the greenhouses has the advantages of high reproduction sprouting rate, high survival rate after emergency of the seedlings, few seedlings without rhizomes after emergency of the seedlings, few plant diseases and insect pests, high growth weights of rhizomes of individual plants, short growth cycle and convenience in transportation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to medicinal plants artificial planting technique field, and in particular to a kind of greenhouse cultivation side of Rhizoma Polygonati seedling
Method.
Background technology
Rhizoma Polygonati (Polygonatum sibiricum) is Liliaceae Polygonatum, China be mainly distributed on Hebei, Shanxi,
The ground such as Shaanxi, the Inner Mongol.Under generic condition, its wild resource is mainly distributed at the moon of sylvan life, shrubbery or hillside, and height above sea level 800~
2800 meters.
《Chinese Plants will》Upper China includes HUANGJING ZANYU CAPSULE and has 31 kinds, and Regional Distribution is extensive, but quilt《2015 editions medicines
Allusion quotation》Only three kinds of Rhizoma Polygonati, Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua and the P. kingianum included.Rhizoma Polygonati is used as medicine with root stock, mainly contains nicotinic acid, quinones, shallow lake
The composition such as powder and polysaccharide.Rhizoma Polygonati flat property and sweet taste, the function of mainly having spleen reinforcing lung moistening, supplementing QI and nourishing YIN.Taste are cured mainly clinically
The diseases such as weakness, cough due to deficiency of the lung, fatigue and asthenia, xerostomia lack of appetite, asthenia of essence and blood, Heat Diabetes.Modern study thinks that Rhizoma Polygonati has anti-
Aging, macrobiosis of making light of one's life by commiting suicide, blood pressure lowering, the effects such as prevent arteriosclerosis and anti-inflammation, enhancing immunity.
With Rhizoma Polygonati is classified as one of medicine-food two-purpose kind, which is widely deployed in terms of food, health product, its demand
Increase year by year, wild resource can not meet the market demand.And the breeding of Rhizoma Polygonati is mainly by seminal propagation and division propagation, plant division
Breeding seedling loss is big, and bud ratio is not high, poor growth；By Zhao's cause, Pang Yuxin, Yuan Yuan and pay the people and the paper " medicine delivered such as learn
With crop Rhizoma Polygonati seminal propagation technical research " (seed, 2005,24 (3)：11-13), it was recently reported that the side of existing Rhizoma Polygonati seminal propagation
Method is：Comprise the following steps：1) fruit harvesting and fruit are processed：In 10-11 month picking fruits, by fruit using fermentation fulling
Rhizoma Polygonati fruit is processed into into production seed；2) the storage of seeds：Rhizoma Polygonati seed is mixed into the wet sand of 3 times of volumes, (5 ± 2) DEG C are placed on
Temperature control box in storage, storage about 100d take out；3) late Febuary in the coming year start nursery to early March；4) it is thin from rake
Even sandy loam place mat germinating bed, draws deep 2cm rills by line-spacing 15cm, presses after the seed clear water of immersion imbibition 12h is rinsed
The specification of 5cm × 5cm is uniformly implanted in the rill of seedbed, covers flat rill side fine earth, with the light not to be stowed under heavy cargo reality of wooden rake, pour 1 time it is permeable, cover
The broken little straw bonnet plastic greenhouse of lid thin layer；5) under plastic greenhouse environment by temperature control in the range of 20-25 DEG C, daytime
Can suitably divulge information, keep substantial light to shine, if meeting overcast and rainy, daylight lamp in booth can be opened, about 20d or so is emerged, after emerging, little
The heart throws off straw, hoes up weeds, and treats Rhizoma Polygonati height of seedling 5-8cm thinnings, go it is weak stay strong, continue to employ by the specification singling of 10cm × 10cm, in good time
Transplant.But the seminal propagation emergence rate of the method is low, is 70% or so；After emerging, survival rate is extremely low, is 30% or so；Emerge
The seedling of long-rhizome is not up to 70% afterwards；Pest and disease damage is more, and up to 50%；Individual plant root growth weight is low, and growth cycle is long, and yellow
Smart seedling is inconvenient to transport, the problem for easily occurring hindering Seedling, dead seedling.At present, although modes of reproduction of the Chinese scholars to Rhizoma Polygonati
The research of correlation has been carried out, but in terms of being concentrated mainly on the tissue culture of Rhizoma Polygonati, and experimental stage is only limitted to, in production still
Need Hen Chang roads walk.Therefore seek a kind of nursery side that quickly can be so that a large amount of seedlings are obtained in the short time, its germination percentage is improved
Method is extremely necessary.
The content of the invention
Low for breeding Seedling rate in prior art, after emerging, survival rate is extremely low, and after emerging, the seedling of long-rhizome is not more, disease
Insect pest is more, and individual plant root growth weight is low, growth cycle length and the defect that can not be transported, the invention provides a kind of breeding is sent out
Seedling rate is high, and after emerging, survival rate is high, and after emerging, the seedling of long-rhizome is not few, and pest and disease damage is few, and individual plant root growth weight is high, growth
The greenhouse cultivation method of cycle is short and the Rhizoma Polygonati seedling being readily transported.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of greenhouse cultivation method of Rhizoma Polygonati seedling, comprises the steps：
1) in the annual 10-11 months, the Rhizoma Polygonati fruit of harvesting ripe；
2) by step 1) the Rhizoma Polygonati fruit that obtains is laid in dry ground, dries at room temperature, until the Rhizoma Polygonati fruit
Peel corrugation, and the peel water content of the Rhizoma Polygonati fruit is when being less than 50%, is contained with the plastic bag of good permeability, is positioned over
Dry interior storage of the temperature more than 20 DEG C, it is standby.
3) fertile soil, Bordeaux mixture or carbendazol are prepared, by 1000kg fertile soil 15-25kg Bordeaux mixture or 15-
25kg carbendazol ratios, carry out spray disinfectant to fertile soil；
4) by step 3) obtained by sterilization after fertile soil, by per 1000 kilograms of fertile soil, 5-15 kilogram of phosphate fertilizer, 5-15 thousand
Gram compound fertilizer is uniformly mixed, and obtains mixed-matrix；
5) by step 4) obtained by mixed-matrix be positioned at dry ground, be then covered by thin film and fermented, ferment 10-
20 days, obtain nutrient matrix；
6) prepare nutrient cup, by step 5) obtained by nutrient matrix load nutrient cup, when nutrient matrix is filled to nutrition cup
During long-pending 75%-90%, the Rhizoma Polygonati seed 2-3 grains for removing peel are put into, then nutrient cup are filled with nutrient matrix again；
7) by step 6) obtained by the nutrient cup for being implanted with Rhizoma Polygonati seed be put into warmhouse booth, the temperature controlled in booth is
22-25 DEG C, ventilation is kept, light application time is 10-15 hours/day, and sprays a carbendazol every three days；Treat that Rhizoma Polygonati is emerged
Afterwards, carbendazol is changed to into clear water, while light filling management is carried out to Rhizoma Polygonati seedling, extends light application time to 15-20 hours/day；
8) when Rhizoma Polygonati seedling length is to 2.5-3.5cm, small and weak seedling is removed, one plant of strong seedling is only stayed in nutrient cup, and is gone
Except small and weak kind of after seedling 10-20 days, with 80-150 times of potash fertilizer water pouring root；
9) in the month in coming year 3-5, can be by step 8) in Rhizoma Polygonati seedling transplanted.
Preferably, wherein step 3) described in Bordeaux mixture be copper sulfate, quick lime and water according to 1：3：300 mass ratio
The mixed liquor of mix homogeneously；The carbendazol is 800-1500 times of carbendazol.
Preferably, wherein step 4) phosphate fertilizer phosphorus content >=38%, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium three's content in the compound fertilizer
Potassium content >=8% in >=48%, and the compound fertilizer.
Preferably, wherein step 5) described in thin film be plastic membrane of polyvinyl chloride, fermentation temperature is 15-25 DEG C
Preferably, wherein the size of the nutrient cup is diameter 5-15cm, height 3-8cm, bottom opening, bore dia is
0.5-1.5cm。
Preferably, wherein step 7) described in carbendazol be 2500-3500 times of carbendazol.
Preferably, wherein step 7) described in light filling management be in the booth to hang a 22- every 1m-2m dresses
The electric filament lamp of 26w, and the electric filament lamp is apart from the height of Rhizoma Polygonati seedling>2.5m.
Preferably, wherein step 8) described in the potassium content of potash fertilizer be >=50%.
Further, the present invention is by by step 3) in adopt copper sulfate, quick lime and water according to mass ratio for 1：3：300
, used as disinfectant solution, the bactericidal liquid using science ratio is yellow to cultivating for the Bordeaux mixture of mix homogeneously and 800-1500 times of carbendazol
The fertile soil of smart seed carries out disinfection, and reduces pest and disease damage for Rhizoma Polygonati seedling and provide technical support during cultivation.
Further, step 4 of the invention) phosphorus content >=38% of phosphate fertilizer that adopts, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium three in compound fertilizer
Potassium content >=8% in content >=48%, and compound fertilizer, provides technology for nutritional need of the Rhizoma Polygonati seedling during cultivation
Support.
Further, step 7 of the invention) in blade face spray is carried out to Rhizoma Polygonati seedling using 2500-3500 times of carbendazol
Spill, pest and disease damage is reduced during cultivation for Rhizoma Polygonati seedling and provides technical support.
Further, step 8 of the invention) in pouring root is carried out to Rhizoma Polygonati seedling using the potash fertilizer of potassium content >=50%, be
Later stage strong sprout growth cycle and raising Rhizoma Polygonati seedling yield provide technical support.
Compared with prior art, the present invention at least has advantages below：
The greenhouse cultivation method of Rhizoma Polygonati seedling provided by the present invention, carries out natural drying by the fruit of harvesting ripe and does
After dry, directly used, reducing traditional Rhizoma Polygonati seed carries out the caused damage to Rhizoma Polygonati seed of cold preservation, substantially increases
Emergence rate, survival rate and yield；The present invention cultivates Rhizoma Polygonati seed using the fertile soil in natural environment, and fertile soil itself is also rich
Rich nutritional labeling, and the fertile soil before nursery is carried out disinfection and the phosphate fertilizer of scientific formula, compound fertilizer is added, it is ensured that
Nutritional need during Rhizoma Polygonati seedling early growth, promotes Rhizoma Polygonati seedling early growth, reduces the cycle of emerging and reduce pest and disease damage；To emerging
Front Rhizoma Polygonati seed spray disinfectant, greatly increases the germination percentage of Rhizoma Polygonati seed, the general of pest and disease damage occurs in reducing growth course
Rate；Root irrigation is carried out using potash fertilizer to the Rhizoma Polygonati seedling before transplanting, is that later stage strong sprout growth cycle shortens 0.5-1, significantly
Improve the yield of Rhizoma Polygonati seedling；And the present invention solves transportation problem, Yi Jiyi by carrying out breeding and seedling using nutrient cup
Cup is removed in soil before planting, does not hinder root, no seedling injury.The greenhouse cultivation method of Rhizoma Polygonati seedling provided by the present invention, can effectively improve
A Seedling rate, survival rate after emerging are sent out in breeding, reduction emerge after not long-rhizome seedling, reduce the probability of pest and disease damage, and individual plant rhizome
Growth weight is big, greatly reduces growth cycle and transportation slanders the problem that root hinders Seedling, can effectively improve Rhizoma Polygonati and manually educate
The per mu yield that seed is planted, improves the economic benefit of Rhizoma Polygonati, increased the annual earnings in plantation area.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
When stated in the form of scope, preferred scope or preferred numerical upper limits and lower limit certain amount, concentration or its
It is worth or when parameter, it should be understood that equivalent to specifically disclose by by any pair range limit or preferred value with appoint
Any scope that meaning range lower limit or preferred value combine, and do not consider whether the scope specifically discloses.Unless referred in addition
Go out, numerical range value listed herein is in the end points including scope, and all integers and fraction within the scope of being somebody's turn to do.
Unless otherwise indicated, all of percentage ratio, number, ratio etc. are by weight herein.
The material of this paper, method and embodiment are exemplary, and unless stated otherwise, be should not be construed as restricted
's.
Nitrogenous fertilizer that the present invention is used, phosphate fertilizer, carbamide, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate are commercial.
Technical term：
Fertile soil：Fertile soil [humus soil] is made up of rotten plant material and all kinds of organic wastes (such as food waste)
One layer of mixture, can be used for potted plant；Fertile soil is the residual leaf of deadwood of topsoil trees in forest through putrid fermentation over a long time
Formed afterwards.
1000 times of carbendazols, refer to and adopt 1g contents to obtain final product 1000 times for the water that the carbendazim of 50wt% converts upper 1000ml
Carbendazol.
100 times of potash fertilizer water, refer to that the water for converting upper 100ml using the potash fertilizer of 1g obtains final product 100 times of potash fertilizer water.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of greenhouse cultivation method of Rhizoma Polygonati seedling, comprises the steps：
1) in the annual 10-11 months, the Rhizoma Polygonati fruit of harvesting ripe；
2) by step 1) the Rhizoma Polygonati fruit that obtains is laid in dry ground, dries at room temperature, until the Rhizoma Polygonati fruit
Peel corrugation, and the peel water content of the Rhizoma Polygonati fruit is when being less than 50%, is contained with the plastic bag of good permeability, is positioned over
Dry interior storage of the temperature more than 20 DEG C, it is standby.
3) fertile soil, Bordeaux mixture or carbendazol are prepared, by 1000kg fertile soil 20kg Bordeaux mixture or many bacterium of 20kg
Ichor ratio, carries out spray disinfectant to fertile soil；Wherein, Bordeaux mixture is copper sulfate, quick lime and water according to 1：3：300 matter
The mixed liquor than mix homogeneously is measured, carbendazol is 1200 times of carbendazols；
4) by step 3) obtained by sterilization after fertile soil, by per 1000 kilograms of fertile soil, 10 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer and 10,000
Gram compound fertilizer is uniformly mixed, and obtains mixed-matrix；
5) by step 4) obtained by mixed-matrix be positioned at dry ground, be then covered by thin film and fermented, fermentation 15
My god, obtain nutrient matrix；
6) prepare nutrient cup, by step 5) obtained by nutrient matrix load nutrient cup, when nutrient matrix is filled to nutrition cup
When long-pending 85%, 3, Rhizoma Polygonati seed for removing peel is put into, then nutrient cup is filled with nutrient matrix again；
7) by step 6) obtained by the nutrient cup for being implanted with Rhizoma Polygonati seed be put into warmhouse booth, the temperature controlled in booth is
22-25 DEG C, ventilation is kept, light application time is 12 hours/day, and is sprayed every three days once
Carbendazol；After Rhizoma Polygonati is emerged, carbendazol is changed to into clear water, while light filling management is carried out to Rhizoma Polygonati seedling,
Extend light application time to 16 hours/day；Carbendazol wherein used is 3000 times of carbendazols, adopts 3000 times in the step
Carbendazol to emerging before Rhizoma Polygonati seed carry out spraying, pouring root disinfectant solution, further reduce Rhizoma Polygonati seedling and growing
It is subjected to the probability of pest and disease damage in journey；And light filling management therein is the white heat for hanging a 22-26w in booth every 1m-2m dresses
Lamp, and the electric filament lamp is apart from the height of Rhizoma Polygonati seedling>2.5m, this is provided with beneficial to the light application time for increasing Rhizoma Polygonati seedling, is contracting
The Growing Quality of the growth cycle and raising Rhizoma Polygonati seedling of short Rhizoma Polygonati seedling provides technical support.
8) when Rhizoma Polygonati seedling length is to 2.5-3.5cm, small and weak seedling is removed, one plant of strong seedling is only stayed in nutrient cup, and is gone
Except small and weak kind of after seedling 15 days, with 80-150 times of potash fertilizer water pouring root；
9) in the month in coming year 3-5, can be by step 8) in Rhizoma Polygonati seedling transplanted.
The greenhouse cultivation method of the Rhizoma Polygonati seedling provided by the present embodiment, by the Rhizoma Polygonati seed natural drying of harvesting ripe
Process, the fertile soil to cultivating Rhizoma Polygonati seed carries out disinfection and sterilization processing and is equipped with the phosphate fertilizer of science ratio, compound fertilizer, control
The growing environment of Rhizoma Polygonati seed and nursery is carried out using nutrient cup, and using disinfectant solution to emerging before Rhizoma Polygonati seed and corruption
Grow soil carry out again spraying, the process of pouring root disinfection, substantially increase breeding and send out a Seedling rate, survival rate after emerging, reduction are emerged
The not seedling rate of long-rhizome, reduces the probability of pest and disease damage, and individual plant root growth weight is big afterwards, greatly reduce growth cycle and
Transportation slanders the problem that root hinders Seedling.
Embodiment 2：
The present embodiment on the basis of embodiment 1, step 4) in adopt phosphate fertilizer phosphorus content >=38%, in compound fertilizer
Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium three's content >=48%, and potassium content >=8% in compound fertilizer, the setting ensure that Rhizoma Polygonati seedling in greenhouse cultivation mistake
In journey to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutritional need, it is ensured that the yield and quality of Rhizoma Polygonati seedling.
Embodiment 3：
The present embodiment on the basis of embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, step 5) described in thin film be plastic membrane of polyvinyl chloride,
Fermentation temperature is 15-25 DEG C, this be provided with the nutrient matrix beneficial to fertile soil, phosphate fertilizer and compound fertilizer composition contain it is less miscellaneous
Bacterium, worm's ovum, further reduce pest and disease damage, and ferment at room temperature, the nutritional labeling do not destroyed in nutrient matrix, using polychlorostyrene second
Alkene plastics film is simple and easy to get, low cost；And then ensure that the per mu yield of Rhizoma Polygonati seedling and reduce the cultivation cost of Rhizoma Polygonati seedling.
Embodiment 4：
The introducing of nutrient cup significantly solves the transport of Rhizoma Polygonati seedling and transplanting process is slandered root, hinders the problem of stem.This enforcement
Example on the basis of embodiment 1, embodiment 2 or embodiment 3, the size of the nutrient cup for being adopted for diameter 5-15cm, height 3-
8cm, bottom opening, bore dia are 0.5-1.5cm, and the setting not only ensure that the growth need of Rhizoma Polygonati nursery, and reduce battalion
The use of foster substrate, it is ensured that the breathability and water penetration of nutrient cup, increases the per mu yield of Rhizoma Polygonati seedling and reduces Rhizoma Polygonati seedling
Cultivation cost.
Embodiment 5：
The present embodiment adopts the potash fertilizer of potassium content >=50% to the Rhizoma Polygonati seedling before transplanting on the basis of above-described embodiment
Pouring root fertilising is carried out, is the time that later stage strong sprout growth cycle is shortened 1 year, is substantially increased the yield of Rhizoma Polygonati seedling.
Performance test：
Prior art (Zhao's cause, Pang Yuxin, Yuan Yuan and is paid the people and paper " the medicinal crop Rhizoma Polygonati seminal propagation skill delivered such as learns
Art research ", is specifically shown in the 3rd section of background technology) and the emergence rate of Rhizoma Polygonati seedling obtained by embodiments of the invention 1-5, emerge after
Survival rate, emerge after rhizome situation, pest and disease damage situation, individual plant root growth weight, growth cycle and traffic condition carry out
Test one by one, concrete outcome is as shown in the table：
Table 1：The performance indications of embodiment 1-5
Remarks：Wherein individual plant root growth weight method of testing：Same breed, different planting technology in same time,
Individual plant rhizome weight is contrasted；
The method of testing of growth cycle：Same breed, different planting technology in identical individual plant rhizome weight are given birth to individual plant
Long period is contrasted.
Traffic condition：In transportation, the judgment criteria of Rhizoma Polygonati seedling, poor：Hinder Seedling and hinder stem rate >=85%；It is good：Hinder Seedling wound
Stem rate >=30%；It is excellent：Hinder Seedling and hinder stem rate≤3%；
As shown in Table 1, embodiments of the invention 1-5, the greenhouse cultivation method of the Rhizoma Polygonati seedling, with prior art compared with
Come, the seedling-growing time of Rhizoma Polygonati seedling is advanced by 3-4 month, and the shortening for the growth cycle in later stage provides technical support, breeding
Send out Seedling rate and improve 35.7%, survival rate improves 217% after emerging, the seedling of long-rhizome does not reduce 94% after emerging, disease
The probability of insect pest reduces 95.7%, and individual plant root growth weight increased more than 3 jin within the identical time, reach identical
The growth (such as 7 jin) of weight, needs at least 11 years, using the greenhouse cultivation method of Rhizoma Polygonati seedling provided by the present invention, its
The cycle of growth can at least shorten more than 3 years, about 7-8, and carry out breeding and seedling using nutrient cup, solve and transported
Journey is slandered Seedling and hinders stem, or even the problem of dead seedling, removes cup before transplanting in soil, and no seedling injury hinders stem, and the nutrient cup is reusable,
Production cost is saved.
More than, the only present invention preferably specific embodiment, but the protection domain invented is not limited thereto, any ripe
Know those skilled in the art the invention discloses technical scope in, the change or replacement that can be readily occurred in should all be contained
Cover within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the protection domain of claims.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of greenhouse cultivation method of Rhizoma Polygonati seedling, it is characterised in that comprise the steps：
1) in the annual 10-11 months, the Rhizoma Polygonati fruit of harvesting ripe；
2) by step 1) the Rhizoma Polygonati fruit that obtains is laid in dry ground, dries at room temperature, until the fruit of the Rhizoma Polygonati fruit
Skin wrinkles, and the peel water content of the Rhizoma Polygonati fruit is when being less than 50%, is contained with the plastic bag of good permeability, is positioned over temperature
Dry interior storage more than 20 DEG C, it is standby.
3) fertile soil, Bordeaux mixture or carbendazol are prepared, it is many by 1000kg fertile soil 15-25kg Bordeaux mixture or 15-25kg
The ratio of bacterium ichor, carries out spray disinfectant to fertile soil；
4) by step 3) obtained by sterilization after fertile soil, by per 1000 kilograms of fertile soil, 5-15 kilogram of phosphate fertilizer and 5-15 thousand
Gram compound fertilizer is uniformly mixed, and obtains mixed-matrix；
5) by step 4) obtained by mixed-matrix be positioned at dry ground, be then covered by thin film and fermented, ferment 10-20
My god, obtain nutrient matrix；
6) prepare nutrient cup, by step 5) obtained by nutrient matrix load nutrient cup, when nutrient matrix is filled to nutrition cup volumes
During 75%-90%, the Rhizoma Polygonati seed 2-3 grains for removing peel are put into, then nutrient cup are filled with nutrient matrix again；
7) by step 6) obtained by the nutrient cup for being implanted with Rhizoma Polygonati seed be put into warmhouse booth, it is 22- to control temperature in booth
25 DEG C, ventilation is kept, light application time is 10-15 hours/day, and sprays a carbendazol every three days；After Rhizoma Polygonati is emerged,
Carbendazol is changed to into clear water, while light filling management is carried out to Rhizoma Polygonati seedling, extends light application time to 15-20 hours/day；
8) when Rhizoma Polygonati seedling length is to 2.5-3.5cm, small and weak seedling is removed, one plant of strong seedling is only stayed in nutrient cup, and remove weak
Microspecies after seedling 10-20 days, with 80-150 times of potash fertilizer water pouring root；
9) in the month in coming year 3-5, can be by step 8) in Rhizoma Polygonati seedling transplanted.
2. the greenhouse cultivation method of Rhizoma Polygonati seedling according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 3) described in Bordeaux
Liquid is copper sulfate, quick lime and water according to 1：3：Mixed liquor of 300 quality than mix homogeneously；The carbendazol is 800-
1500 times of carbendazols.
3. the greenhouse cultivation method of Rhizoma Polygonati seedling according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that step 4) phosphate fertilizer
Phosphorus content >=38%, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium three's content >=48% in the compound fertilizer, and potassium content >=8% in the compound fertilizer.
4. the greenhouse cultivation method of the Rhizoma Polygonati seedling according to any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that step 5)
Described thin film is plastic membrane of polyvinyl chloride, and fermentation temperature is 15-25 DEG C.
5. the greenhouse cultivation method of the Rhizoma Polygonati seedling according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, it is characterised in that the battalion
The size of foster cup is diameter 5-15cm, height 3-8cm, and bottom opening, bore dia are 0.5-1.5cm.
6. the greenhouse cultivation method of the Rhizoma Polygonati seedling according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, it is characterised in that step 7)
Described in carbendazol be 2500-3500 times of carbendazol.
7. the greenhouse cultivation method of the Rhizoma Polygonati seedling according to any one of claim 1~6, it is characterised in that step 7)
Described in light filling management be hanging the electric filament lamp of a 22-26w every 1m-2m dresses in the booth, and the electric filament lamp away from
From the height of Rhizoma Polygonati seedling>2.5m.
8. the greenhouse cultivation method of the Rhizoma Polygonati seedling according to any one of claim 1~7, it is characterised in that step 8)
Described in potash fertilizer potassium content be >=50%.
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| CN110537467A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2019-12-06 | 贵州百灵企业集团制药股份有限公司 | polygonatum kingianum seed greenhouse seedling growing method |
| CN110892853A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-03-20 | 恩施州源惠科技开发有限公司 | Polygonatum sibiricum nutrition cup seedling method |
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