CN108934861A - A kind of novel rice implantation methods - Google Patents
A kind of novel rice implantation methods Download PDFInfo
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- CN108934861A CN108934861A CN201811103101.6A CN201811103101A CN108934861A CN 108934861 A CN108934861 A CN 108934861A CN 201811103101 A CN201811103101 A CN 201811103101A CN 108934861 A CN108934861 A CN 108934861A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0291—Planting receptacles specially adapted for remaining in the soil after planting
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- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of novel rice implantation methods, including several processes such as the seedling of rice shoot rope, field-transplanting, field managements, the present invention can save seedling area using the seedling of rice shoot rope, reduce cost of labor used when seedling, realize automation seedling, when being transplanted using rice shoot rope seedling, rice shoot rope is pulled open with machinery, seedling alms bowl is directly layered on big field, does not need segmentation rice shoot, overcome injury of the conventional mechanical rice transplanting to rice shoot, rice shoot is turned green fastly simultaneously, high survival rate, and mu sowing quantity reduces, production cost is greatly reduced, yield is improved.In short, the present invention overcomes tradition live streaming, transplanting rice seedling by hand and the shortcomings that transplanting, the advantages of rationally remaining these three modes；Overall process mechanization less manpower, comprehensive benefit are preferable；Rice shoot is healthy and strong simultaneously, and transplanting does not hurt root, turns green fastly；The advantages that social benefit is obvious, Economic and ecological effects are significant.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to field of rice cultivation, and in particular to a kind of novel rice implantation methods.
Background technique:
Rice is the second in the world, Chinese first generalized grain crop.With the quickening of China's urbanization paces, rural laborer
It reduces, labour cost increases, and carrying out Rice Production entire mechanization, thoroughly realizing traditional rice agriculture is to modern agriculture transformation
Inexorable trend.The mechanical rate of plant link is minimum in all processes of Rice Production is also most difficult to realize, national water in 2015
Rice transplanting rate only accounts for 38%, and the rising space is very big.Mechanical rice casting is gradually withdrawn from the market, and Mechanical direct sowing is big with tilling the land
Family is more and more, slightly increases within this 2 years, but because the reason of its weeding and lodging is difficult to solve, necessarily restricts its widespread development
Bottleneck.Manual type is more traditional, but large labor intensity, low efficiency, the reasons such as cost of labor height and face quick disappearance
It is inevitable.Therefore a kind of completely new technological innovation is called in market, to solve the problems, such as scale mechanized planting.
Artificial seedling is traditional rice Planting Patterns, is suitable for the fining plantation of single household's small area, with labour
It reduces, labour cost increases, and the Planting Patterns of artificial seedling are fewer and fewer, and the rich and influential family of especially scale circulation can not afford at all
Manually plant.This Planting pattern advantage is: 1, fine plantation can give full play of the maximum potential of variety yield；2, sufficiently
Using photosynthesis, it can choose the high kind of breeding time long yield, the range of outstanding kind selected to increase；3, seedlings link
Relatively easy (rice seedling bed small range is broadcasted sowing)；4, rice seeding row spacing is relatively clear, is conducive to ventilation and penetrating light, convenient for management.It lacks
Point is: 1, high production cost；2, artificial with one's back bent, large labor intensity of pulling up seedlings and transplant seedlings；3, speed is slow, low efficiency；4, mechanical
Rate is low；5, it is not suitable for scale farming.
A kind of rice transplanting technique that rice transplanting transplanting is promoted when being also four, the fifties, but popularity rate is very low, is broadly divided into
Mechanical rice casting and two kinds of artificial rice transplanting.Its advantage is that: plant link do not have to it is with one's back bent, reduce labor intensity to a certain extent,
Than manually planting more saving of work and time, rice seedling bed and Honda than increasing, it is 3-4 times manually transplanted, manually plants relatively and save soil
Ground reduces transplanting cost, improves labor intensity.The disadvantage is that: rice transplanting is disorderly and unsystematic, and field ventilation and penetrating light is poor, is unfavorable for
Field management and seedling growth, pest and disease damage occurrence probability are high；It is big that seedling plays seedling process complex labour amount；It is larger to rice shoot damage,
Wound is easy infection germ, is unfavorable for field slow seedling and volume increase.
Direct sowing culture development is the most ancient, and it is a kind of rice light cultivation that the mankind, which are exactly seed sowing production, since ancient times
Simplest planting patterns in technology, machinery investment is few, reduces material consumption, and high efficiency is easy to operate, is to improve kind of grain to compare
One cultivation technique of benefit such as saves seedling, pulls up seedlings, transplants at the cumbersome link.Mechanization live streaming further simplifies
Operation sequence reduces labor intensity, and Mechanical direct sowing improves sowing and embarks on journey problem in column, is convenient for field ventilation and penetrating light, this is mesh
The more commonly used planting patterns of preceding farming rich and influential family.The disadvantage is that: sowing quantity is bigger than normal than artificial, and reduction in the life period, sowing postpones, cannot
Photosynthesis is made full use of, later period grouting and yield risk are big；Root system bundle does not go down, and easily lodges；Weeding is difficult, live streaming field crop smothering compared with
Weight.
Rice planting technology technology be the twenties in last century, at present technology and popularity rate it is relatively high have Japan, Korea Spro
State, TaiWan, China, China is started in the sixties but the later period has been caught up with and allocated land on the household base, and causes big machinery research and development slow.
Recent years, intensive degree was higher and higher with land transformation, manual labor's added cost, and mechanic rice transplanting is in China
Popularity rate is quickling increase.Mechanic rice transplanting process is more complicated, and type is more, is generally divided into hard disk according to seedling material and educates
Seedling, floppy disk seedling, overlay film seedling；It is divided into outdoor seedling and greenhouse seedling etc. according to facility situation.Its specific advantage and disadvantage also compares
Obviously.Advantage has: 1, mechanization is realized in rice transplanting, reduces manual labor's intensity；2, seedling-field rate is 1:100 (this ratio of rice transplanting seedling
1:30, Planting rice transplanting this than being 1:10), substantially increase land utilization ratio；3, shift to an earlier date seedling, make full use of photosynthesis,
Be conducive to yield and promote and reduce risk；4, rice transplanting is orderly, and depth is reasonable, has effectively evaded field management and has asked with what is lodged
Topic.The disadvantage is that: cost of investment is big, more demanding to breediness and breeding time etc., and seedlings link is more complicated, has been not carried out
Fully-mechanized, manual labor's intensity is big, more demanding to field flatness and water management, and seedling-cultivation technique requires high.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies of existing technologies, a kind of novel rice implantation methods are provided, using certainly
The seedling alms bowl of system and the seedling of seedling rope can save seedling area, reduce cost of labor used when seedling, reduce the labor of seedling
Fatigue resistance realizes automation seedling.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of novel rice implantation methods, which is characterized in that several including the seedling of rice shoot rope, field-transplanting, field management etc.
A process, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) rice shoot rope seedling
A, it is contacted and is fixed up with degradable rope handle self-control seedling alms bowl first, the spacing between every two seedling alms bowl is solid
Fixed, when spacing is crop field rice transplanting spacing in the rows, is rolled into round pie, seedling alms bowl round pie for the seedling alms bowl contacted in round tray
Size determine that round pie seedling alms bowl is uprightly placed in pallet by pallet size, then pallet is piled up in certain sequence；
B, the seed pre-processed is uniformly sowed in seedling alms bowl with automatic planter, average every bunch planting kind 1-2
Grain, then earthing 1-2cm, then sprinkle profoundly water, waiting comes up；
C, seedling management
A, promote seedling: after planting carrying out appropriate high temperature nuclear reactor and boil in a covered pot over a slow fire, promote neat and consistent of germinateing, quickly；
B, temperature management: daytime maintains substrate temperature at 25-30 DEG C before emerging, and is not less than 15 DEG C at night；To one after emergence
Leaf phase temperature, which maintains the lower bound of thermophilic, especially night temperature, should take the lower bound management of thermophilic, to control seedling excessive growth, promote to strengthen
Seedling；One heart stage of one leaf of rice shoot to the two leaf phases, the upper limit of room temperature is maintained depending on weather condition fine day temperature, to prevent the hair of bacterial wilt
It is raw；Two leaves are managed with backsight transplanting time limit according to the needs for promoting control accordingly；
C, water management: keeping surface matrix drying to see white, prevent surface matrix from agglomerating to form " headkerchief " after the soil of emergence top,
Cause seedling growth uneven, entire seedling stage should all keep matrix wet, keep water content of substrate 65%~70%, practice seedling and also cut
Water can not excessively be controlled；Water shortage index is that morning blade tip has guttation under normal circumstances, such as loses the normal guttation of blade tip, should be timely
Teeming water；
D, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: rice seedling mainly prevents and treats damping-off, bacterial wilt, seedling seasonal febrile diseases, and insect pest mainly prevents and treats rice thrips
Deng, usually aim at prevention, supplemented by integrated control, especially three leaves wholeheartedly, before transplanting to reinforce medicament use and field
Management；
E, crop smothering management: during nursery, since density is very big, young grass is difficult to grow；Even if a small amount of grass strain nor affects on seedling
Seedling growth, manually extracts when really obvious, makes sure to keep in mind cautiously to use herbicide；
F, fertilizing management: since itself is a trophosomes for seedling alms bowl, and seed is in three leaves, one heart stage nutrient demand
It mainly from seeds self, does not need substantially to increase nutrient, finds the yellowing of rice shoot leaf color really, when slow growth just needs to mend
Nutrient is applied, best, next foliage-spray is generally imposed by liquid pouring root；
G, control seedling: this Novel sprout cultivation mode, do not emphasize whether packing, but strong sprout is needed, because strong sprout is conducive to early period
Slow seedling is fast, later period disease-resistant yield-increasing, and at the strong sprout 25-30 days normal requirement length of time rice seedlings grow of standard, one heart stage of three leaves, leaf color is dark green, rice shoot
Highly 20 centimeters or so, well developed root system is sturdy, and root color is just white, and quantity will be fitted in 8-10 root when finding that seedling prosperous growth is not strong
When taking control seedling measure, usually control thermophilic, nutrition is increased, moisture is controlled；
(2), seedling and transplanting are played
Rice shoot normal growth can play seedling transplanting when reaching strong seedling standard, check root growth situation before playing seedling, add
It send to transfer fertilizer and send and transfers medicine, together with pallet by rice shoot support to the edge of a field, the field for preparing transplanting will pour water leveling in advance, then by seedling
Seedling planting enters field；
(3), field management
The obtained shoot transplanting equipment of seedling is turned green quickly after entering field in this way, is according to normal rice management
It can.
The novel rice implantation methods, it is characterised in that: the specific processing side of the seed pre-processed
Method is as follows:
(1) it sorts seed by salt water: seed rice being poured into and carries out immersion seed selection in salt water, is rinsed with clear water, the empty flat sundries of removal；
(2) liquid medicine is soaked seed: the seed rice that step (1) salt selected is put into again in liquid medicine and is impregnated 23-25 hours, seed rice and liquid medicine
Mass ratio be 1:1；
(3) vernalization: seed is put into Germinator 15 hours after suctioning moisture, is broken after chest shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally and is taken out after seed, airing is extremely
Slightly it is dry be not adhered subject to.
The novel rice implantation methods, it is characterised in that: brine strength described in step (1) is 0.9-1.0%.
The novel rice implantation methods, it is characterised in that: liquid medicine described in step (2) is that copper-bath or miaow are fresh
Amine aqueous solution.
The novel rice implantation methods, it is characterised in that: the copper-bath is prepared by following method and obtained:
300g copper sulphate is added in 100kg water, sufficiently dissolution obtains；The Prochloraz solution is prepared by following method and is obtained:
25% Prochloraz of 50g is added in 100kg water, sufficiently dissolution obtains.
The novel rice implantation methods, it is characterised in that: the seedling alms bowl includes bowl (1) and seedling raising ground substance
(2), the seedling raising ground substance (2) is compressed in bowl, and the side wall of the bowl (1) is equipped with one through seedling raising ground substance (2)
Horizontal through hole (3), the production main material of the bowl (1) are agricultural crop straw.
The novel rice implantation methods, it is characterised in that: the seedling alms bowl is cylinder, the bottom of the seedling alms bowl
Portion's diameter is 1.3-1.5cm, and bowl height is 4-5cm, sidewall thickness 0.2-0.3cm.
The novel rice implantation methods, it is characterised in that: the seedling raising ground substance is by agricultural crop straw and a small amount of
Nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and the mixing compacting of suitable root-growing agent obtain.
The novel rice implantation methods, it is characterised in that: the height that the seedling raising ground substance is filled in seedling alms bowl is
2-3cm。
The novel rice implantation methods, it is characterised in that: it is former that the degradable rope, which is with agricultural crop straw,
Material is crushed, mixes cord made of glue, compression.
The present invention has the advantage that compared with prior art
1, the present invention is to greatly reduce manual labor's intensity from the achievable mechanization of rice transplanting overall process is seeded into, be
Entire mechanization rice transplanting truly, existing transplanting are only to plant process mechanism, but seedlings link labour is strong
Degree is big, is not carried out real mechanization, the method for the present invention may be implemented using seedling rope seedling from seedling pallet when seedling
It puts, be seeded into rice shoot and play seedling and transplanting and be automated operation, realize from being seeded into the whole machinery of rice transplanting truly
Change rice transplanting；
2, it is primary raw material that the seedling alms bowl of the invention used, seedling raising ground substance, which are using agricultural crop straw, and materials are convenient, next
Source is abundant, and cheap, production cost is low, overcomes existing transplanting cost of investment high, and peasant manually plants large labor intensity,
The big defect of cost of labor, comprehensive benefit are preferable；
3, the present invention connects with degradable rope according to the size interval of spacing in the rows using by several self-control seedling alms bowls, and
Each self-control seedling alms bowl is fixed on rope, " rice shoot rope " is obtained, seedling can be saved using this " seedling rope " seedling
Area reduces cost of labor used when seedling, realizes automation seedling, when rice shoot grows to the height that can be transplanted, uses
Rice shoot rope is pulled open with machinery, seedling alms bowl is directly layered on big field, does not need segmentation rice shoot, overcomes conventional mechanical rice transplanting to seedling
The injury of seedling, seedling is healthy and strong, and root is not hurt in transplanting while rice shoot is turned green fastly, high survival rate, and mu sowing quantity reduces, and greatly reduces life
Produce cost；
4, the present invention is not high to water source and field flatness requirement, and field management is convenient, and ventilation and penetrating light is good, is conducive to height
It produces；
5, it is convenient for large-scale production and popularization, the shortcomings which has evaded existing all Rice Production modes, maximum journey
Degree remains each technological merit；
6, the introducing of " rice shoot rope " concept sufficiently has compressed seedling space, and field line-spacing and spacing in the rows are compressed to and are almost equal to zero
Distance.
7, sowing quantity is few, and Precise sowing and rice shoot this dense planting of list transplanting may be implemented, can be real to make full use of growing environment
Existing high yield.
8, the advantages that social benefit is obvious, Economic and ecological effects are significant.
In short, the present invention has evaded the shortcomings that traditional live streaming, transplanting rice seedling by hand and transplanting, these three modes are rationally remained
The advantages of；Overall process mechanization less manpower；It is primary raw material using stalk, materials are abundant, and cheap, comprehensive benefit is preferable；
Rice shoot is healthy and strong simultaneously, and transplanting does not hurt root, turns green fastly；The advantages that social benefit is obvious, Economic and ecological effects are significant.
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is the diagrammatic cross-section of self-control seedling alms bowl used in the present invention,
In figure: 1- bowl, 2- seedling raising ground substance, 3- through-hole.
Specific embodiment:
To further illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.It is understood that
It is that specific embodiment described herein is used only for explaining the present invention rather than limiting the invention.It further needs exist for illustrating
, only the parts related to the present invention are shown for ease of description, in attached drawing rather than entire infrastructure.
Several works such as embodiment 1 a kind of novel rice implantation methods, including the seedling of rice shoot rope, field-transplanting, field management
Sequence, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) seed is pre-processed first:
A, choose seeds: i.e. per kilogram water of sorting seed by salt water adds 18-20 grams of salt after mixing evenly to impregnate seed rice wherein, quickly stirs
It is rinsed again with clear water, the empty flat sundries of removal completes seed selection；
B, it soaks seed: for sprout term diseases such as prevention and treatment bakanaes disease of rice, 300 grams of copper sulphate is added after seed selection in 100 kg of water
Or 50 gram of 25% Prochloraz is mixed thoroughly, and seed soaking liquid medicine is obtained, seed rice is added to medicine according to the mass ratio of 1:1 by seed rice and seed soaking liquid medicine
It soaks seed in water, seed soaking time is 24 hours, pulls clear water flushing after seed soaking out；
C, vernalization: seed is put into Germinator 15 hours after suctioning moisture, is broken after chest shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally and is taken out after seed, and airing is to slightly
It does subject to not being adhered.
(2) rice shoot rope seedling
A, it is contacted and is fixed up with degradable rope handle self-control seedling alms bowl first, the spacing between every two seedling alms bowl is solid
Fixed, when spacing is crop field rice transplanting spacing in the rows, is rolled into round pie, seedling alms bowl round pie for the seedling alms bowl contacted in round tray
Size determine that round pie seedling alms bowl is uprightly placed in pallet by pallet size, then pallet is piled up in certain sequence；
B, the seed pre-processed is uniformly sowed in seedling alms bowl with automatic planter, average every bunch planting kind 1-2
Grain, then earthing 1-2cm, then sprinkle profoundly water, waiting comes up；
C, seedling management
A, promote seedling: after planting carrying out appropriate high temperature nuclear reactor and boil in a covered pot over a slow fire, promote neat and consistent of germinateing, quickly；
B, temperature management: daytime maintains substrate temperature at 25-30 DEG C before emerging, and is not less than 15 DEG C at night；To one after emergence
Leaf phase temperature, which maintains the lower bound of thermophilic, especially night temperature, should take the lower bound management of thermophilic, to control seedling excessive growth, promote to strengthen
Seedling；One heart stage of one leaf of rice shoot to the two leaf phases, the upper limit of room temperature is maintained depending on weather condition fine day humidity, to prevent the hair of bacterial wilt
It is raw；Two leaves are managed with backsight transplanting time limit according to the needs for promoting control accordingly；
C, water management: keeping surface matrix drying to see white, prevent surface matrix from agglomerating to form " headkerchief " after the soil of emergence top,
Cause seedling growth uneven, entire seedling stage should all keep matrix wet, keep water content of substrate 65%~70%, practice seedling and also cut
Water can not excessively be controlled；Water shortage index is that morning blade tip has guttation under normal circumstances, such as loses the normal guttation of blade tip, should be timely
Teeming water；
D, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: rice seedling mainly prevents and treats damping-off, bacterial wilt, seedling seasonal febrile diseases, and insect pest mainly prevents and treats rice thrips
Deng, usually aim at prevention, supplemented by integrated control, especially three leaves wholeheartedly, before transplanting to reinforce medicament use and field
Management；
E, crop smothering management: during nursery, since density is very big, young grass is difficult to grow；Even if a small amount of grass strain nor affects on seedling
Seedling growth, manually extracts when really obvious, makes sure to keep in mind cautiously to use herbicide；
F, fertilizing management: since itself is a trophosomes for seedling alms bowl, and seed is in three leaves, one heart stage nutrient demand
It mainly from seeds self, does not need substantially to increase nutrient, finds the yellowing of rice shoot leaf color really, when slow growth just needs to mend
Nutrient is applied, best, next foliage-spray is generally imposed by liquid pouring root；
G, control seedling: this Novel sprout cultivation mode, do not emphasize whether packing, but strong sprout is needed, because strong sprout is conducive to early period
Slow seedling is fast, later period disease-resistant yield-increasing, and at the strong sprout 25-30 days normal requirement length of time rice seedlings grow of standard, one heart stage of three leaves, leaf color is dark green, rice shoot
Highly 20 centimeters or so, well developed root system is sturdy, and root color is just white, and quantity will be fitted in 8-10 root when finding that seedling prosperous growth is not strong
When taking control seedling measure, usually control thermophilic, nutrition is increased, moisture is controlled；
(3), seedling and transplanting are played
Rice shoot normal growth can play seedling transplanting when reaching strong seedling standard, check root growth situation before playing seedling, add
It send to transfer fertilizer and send and transfers medicine, together with pallet by rice shoot support to the edge of a field, the field for preparing transplanting will pour water leveling in advance, then by seedling
Seedling planting enters field；
(4), field management
The obtained shoot transplanting equipment of seedling is turned green quickly after entering field in this way, is according to normal rice management
It can.
Embodiment 2
Referring to Fig. 1, the self-control seedling alms bowl that the present invention uses includes bowl 1 and seedling raising ground substance 2, seedling alms bowl bowl production master
Raw material is agricultural waste material, can be degraded after transplanting in big field, provide nutrition for rice, side wall be equipped with horizontal through hole 3,
It is obtained seedling raising ground substance by agricultural waste material and a small amount of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and the mixing compacting of suitable root-growing agent and is compressed on bowl
It is interior, when seedling first with degradation rope from through-hole 3 from wire rope handling several seedling alms bowls are together in series out, spacing in the rows when according to transplanting come
It determines the distance between two neighboring seedling alms bowl, is then fixed on rope, finally rim pulley gets up, disk is at cake
Shape is sown into 1-2 seed rice into each seedling alms bowl using with seeder, then covers surface soil into seedling alms bowl using machinery again,
It is final to realize mechanization seedling process.
Rice paddy seed rope cultural method of the invention is provided compared with other conventional cultivation method strengths and weaknesses below by table 1
As a result.
Table 1
As can be seen from Table 1, seed rope rice cultivating method of the invention, mu sowing quantity is minimum, and the use of rice shoot rope is filled
Partial compression seedling space, significantly increases the ratio in crop field and rice seedling bed, can maximumlly save seedling field area, turn green the time
Short, lodging tolerance is strong, and most importantly mechanization degree is high, is that can use mechanically actuated from seedling to rice transplanting whole process, greatly
The big labor intensity for mitigating labourer, reduces the cost of labor of Rice Cropping.
Note that the above is only a better embodiment of the present invention and the applied technical principle.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that
The invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, be able to carry out for a person skilled in the art it is various it is apparent variation,
It readjusts and substitutes without departing from protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, although being carried out by above embodiments to the present invention
It is described in further detail, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments only, without departing from the inventive concept, also
It may include more other equivalent embodiments, all within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of novel rice implantation methods, which is characterized in that several including the seedling of rice shoot rope, field-transplanting, field management etc.
Process, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) rice shoot rope seedling
A, it is contacted and is fixed up with degradable rope handle self-control seedling alms bowl first, the spacing between every two seedling alms bowl is fixed,
Spacing in the rows when spacing is crop field rice transplanting, is rolled into round pie for the seedling alms bowl contacted in round tray, seedling alms bowl round pie
Size is determined that round pie seedling alms bowl is uprightly placed in pallet by pallet size, then piles up pallet in certain sequence；
B, the seed pre-processed is uniformly sowed in seedling alms bowl with automatic planter, average every bunch planting kind 1-2, then
Earthing 1-2cm, then sprinkle profoundly water, waiting comes up；
C, seedling management
A, promote seedling: after planting carrying out appropriate high temperature nuclear reactor and boil in a covered pot over a slow fire, promote neat and consistent of germinateing, quickly；
B, temperature management: daytime maintains substrate temperature at 25-30 DEG C before emerging, and is not less than 15 DEG C at night；To a leaf phase after emergence
Temperature, which maintains the lower bound of thermophilic, especially night temperature, should take the lower bound management of thermophilic, to control seedling excessive growth, promote strong sprout；Seedling
One heart stage of one leaf of seedling to the two leaf phases, the upper limit of room temperature is maintained depending on weather condition fine day temperature, to prevent the generation of bacterial wilt；Two
Leaf is managed with backsight transplanting time limit according to the needs for promoting control accordingly；
C, it water management: keeps surface matrix drying to see after the soil of emergence top white, prevents surface matrix from agglomerating to form " headkerchief ", cause
Seedling growth is uneven, and entire seedling stage should all keep matrix wet, keep water content of substrate 65%~70%, and practicing seedling also can't mistake
Degree control water；Water shortage index is that morning blade tip has guttation under normal circumstances, such as loses the normal guttation of blade tip, answers timely teeming
Water；
D, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: rice seedling mainly prevents and treats damping-off, bacterial wilt, seedling seasonal febrile diseases, and insect pest mainly prevents and treats rice thrips etc., leads to
It often aims at prevention, supplemented by integrated control, especially wholeheartedly, before transplanting to reinforce medicament use and field management in three leaves；
E, crop smothering management: during nursery, since density is very big, young grass is difficult to grow；Even if it is raw that a small amount of grass strain nor affects on rice shoot
It is long, it is manually extracted when really obvious, makes sure to keep in mind cautiously to use herbicide；
F, fertilizing management: since itself is a trophosomes for seedling alms bowl, and seed is main in three leaves, one heart stage nutrient demand
It from seeds self, does not need substantially to increase nutrient, finds the yellowing of rice shoot leaf color really, when slow growth just needs to add feeding
Point, best, next foliage-spray is generally imposed by liquid pouring root；
G, control seedling: this Novel sprout cultivation mode, do not emphasize whether packing, but strong sprout is needed, because strong sprout is conducive to slow seedling early period
Fastly, later period disease-resistant yield-increasing, at the strong sprout 25-30 days normal requirement length of time rice seedlings grow of standard, one heart stage of three leaves, leaf color is dark green, rice shoot height
20 centimeters or so, well developed root system is sturdy, and root color is just white, and quantity will suitably be taken in 8-10 root when finding that seedling prosperous growth is not strong
Seedling measure is controlled, usually control thermophilic, increases nutrition, control moisture；
(2), seedling and transplanting are played
Rice shoot normal growth can play seedling transplanting when reaching strong seedling standard, check root growth situation before playing seedling, add to send and transfer
Fertilizer, which is sent, transfers medicine, and together with pallet by rice shoot support to the edge of a field, the field for preparing transplanting will pour water leveling in advance, then puts rice shoot
It plants into field；
(3), field management
The obtained shoot transplanting equipment of seedling is turned green quickly after entering field in this way, is managed according to normal rice.
2. novel rice implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the seed pre-processed
Specific processing method is as follows:
(1) it sorts seed by salt water: seed rice being poured into and carries out immersion seed selection in salt water, is rinsed with clear water, the empty flat sundries of removal；
(2) liquid medicine is soaked seed: the seed rice that step (1) salt selected is put into again in liquid medicine and is impregnated 23-25 hours, the matter of seed rice and liquid medicine
Amount is than being 1:1；
(3) vernalization: seed is put into Germinator 15 hours after suctioning moisture, is broken after chest shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally and is taken out after seed, and airing is to slightly dry
Subject to not being adhered.
3. novel rice implantation methods according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: brine strength described in step (1) is
0.9-1.0%.
4. novel rice implantation methods according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: liquid medicine described in step (2) is sulfuric acid
Copper solution or Prochloraz solution.
5. novel rice implantation methods according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the copper-bath is by following side
Method is prepared and is obtained: 300g copper sulphate being added in 100kg water, sufficiently dissolution obtains；The Prochloraz solution is by following side
Method is prepared and is obtained: 25% Prochloraz of 50g being added in 100kg water, sufficiently dissolution obtains.
6. novel rice implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the seedling alms bowl includes bowl (1)
With seedling raising ground substance (2), the seedling raising ground substance (2) is compressed in bowl, and the side wall of the bowl (1) is equipped with one and runs through seedling
The horizontal through hole (3) of matrix (2), the production main material of the bowl (1) are agricultural crop straw.
7. novel rice implantation methods according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the seedling alms bowl is cylinder, institute
The base diameter for stating seedling alms bowl is 1.3-1.5cm, and bowl height is 4-5cm, sidewall thickness 0.2-0.3cm.
8. novel rice implantation methods according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the seedling raising ground substance is by crops straw
Stalk and a small amount of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and the mixing compacting of suitable root-growing agent obtain.
9. novel rice implantation methods according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the seedling raising ground substance is filled out in seedling alms bowl
The height filled is 2-3cm.
10. novel rice implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the degradable rope is to use agriculture
Crop material is raw material, is crushed, mixes cord made of glue, compression.
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| CN201811103101.6A CN108934861A (en) | 2018-09-20 | 2018-09-20 | A kind of novel rice implantation methods |
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| CN109874620A (en) * | 2019-04-10 | 2019-06-14 | 扬州大学 | A kind of rice seedling plugged in by machine phase accurate water management method |
| CN110651677A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2020-01-07 | 湖南人文科技学院 | Effectively prevent grass, water-saving rice direct seeding experimental system |
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Application publication date: 20181207 |