CN102180725A - Organic set meal seedling-raising nutrient medium and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Organic set meal seedling-raising nutrient medium and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102180725A CN102180725A CN2011100058526A CN201110005852A CN102180725A CN 102180725 A CN102180725 A CN 102180725A CN 2011100058526 A CN2011100058526 A CN 2011100058526A CN 201110005852 A CN201110005852 A CN 201110005852A CN 102180725 A CN102180725 A CN 102180725A
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Abstract
The invention provides an organic set meal seedling-raising nutrient medium and a preparation method thereof. The nutrient medium consists of a germination period substrate, a seedling period substrate and a seedling formation period substrate. The organic set meal seedling-raising nutrient medium suitable for the growth of raised plant seedlings in a germination period, a seedling period and a seedling formation period is prepared by scientifically and reasonably matching a natural organic matter serving as a carrier, an organic substrate, an inorganic substrate and various nutrient elements for preventing the disease and pest of the raised seedlings through a scientific process according to the requirements of nursery stock in different growth periods on nutrients based on a plant nutrient theory.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of organic set meal grow seedling nutritional base and preparation method thereof, more particularly relate to and a kind ofly be used for plant (arbor), organic set meal grow seedling nutritional base of plantation and grow seedlings of vegetable on desert, Gobi desert, abrupt slope cliff.
Background technology
China's chemical fertilizer consumption amount accounts for the 20-30% of world Fertilizer total quantity consumed, ranks first in the world, and the chemical fertilizer this season utilization ratio average out to 50-60% of developed country, and China's chemical fertilizer this season utilization ratio on average only is 30-35%.The loss waste of macronutrient not only brings enormous economic loss to society, but also can cause serious environmental to pollute.Improve utilization rate of fertilizer, reduce rate of fertilizer application, save the fertilising labor force, seem particularly important.
For many years, the application of chemical fertilizer on farm crop played enormous function to the volume increase of crop, but because of a large amount of unreasonable use chemical fertilizer cause soil compaction, soil fertility decline, environmental pollution, ecological damage, especially the agricultural byproducts quality descends.In the last few years, though various mixing ecological fertilizers occurred, improve the agricultural byproducts quality and keep soil from packing together aspect receive certain effect, but its employed organic raw material, mainly be industrial organic waste, agricultural crop straw and feces of livestock and poultry etc. by the microorganism decomposition, its major defect: the nutritive element many places in the mineral manure that is to use are in locking states, lack the degraded activation, crop is difficult to absorb, not only cause the fertilizer waste, and cause Soil structure to be degenerated, and hardening, liquid manure keeps and the decline of fighting drought ability and brokenization of ecotope.The 2nd, a large amount of inorganic substance and synthetic pesticide be residual to carry many hazardous and noxious substances, in the sick parasitosis bacterium of kill harmful, also make beneficial organism, microorganism extinction in the soil, and these biologies are to suppress sick parasitosis bacterium to grow, activate the effective strength that improves Soil structure, and the shortage of various beneficial organisms is the major causes that cause crop disease-resistant immunity degradation and Soil structure to be degenerated.The 3rd, the supplies of paying attention to a large amount of, middle amount and trace element more, and it is foster to lack moistening of degraded activation and organic composition, and objectionable impurities and farm chemical ingredients are carried in the product in addition, causes quality of agricultural product to descend, be of low nutritive value, lack the due fragrant and sweet savoriness taste of ecological crop.
Summary of the invention
One of purpose of the present invention provides a kind of organic set meal grow seedling nutritional base and preparation method thereof.
Two of purpose of the present invention provides a kind of organic set meal grow seedling nutritional base, this nutrition base is based on the plant nutrition theory, according to the required nutrient demand of nursery stock different growing stages, with the natural organic matter is carrier, the grow seedlings scientific and reasonable assembly of various nutritive elements of disease and pest of organic substrate and inorganic matrix and prevention, the technology of applied science, be mixed with plant be fit to grow seedlings germination period, seedling phase, become organic set meal grow seedling nutritional base of seedling growth
These and other objects of the present invention will further embody and set forth by following detailed description and explanation.
Organic set meal grow seedling nutritional base of the present invention, by germination period matrix, seedling phase matrix with become seedling stage matrix to form, described germination period matrix, seedling phase matrix and become seedling stage matrix to form by following raw materials by weight:
Germination period matrix:
Natural organic matter carrier 20-33% nitrogen 1-3%
Phosphorus 0.5-2% potassium 1-3%
Humic acids 3-5% trace element 3-5%
Water surplus;
Seedling phase matrix base:
Natural organic matter carrier 35-45% nitrogen 3.5-5%
Phosphorus 3-6% potassium 3.5-8%
Humic acids 3.5-8% trace element 3.5-7.5%
Water surplus;
Become matrix in seedling stage:
Natural organic matter carrier 40-55% nitrogen 6-12%
Phosphorus 6.1-10% potassium 9-11%
Humic acids 9-11% trace element 8-10%
Water surplus.
Be preferably, organic set meal grow seedling nutritional base of the present invention, by germination period matrix, seedling phase matrix with become seedling stage matrix to form, described germination period matrix, seedling phase matrix and become seedling stage matrix to form by following raw materials by weight:
Germination period matrix:
Natural organic matter carrier 25-33% nitrogen 2-3%
Phosphorus 1-2% potassium 2-3%
Humic acids 3-5% trace element 3-5%
Water surplus;
Seedling phase matrix:
Natural organic matter carrier 35-40% nitrogen 4-5%
Phosphorus 4-6% potassium 4-8%
Humic acids 5-8% trace element 4-7.5%
Water surplus;
Become matrix in seedling stage:
Natural organic matter carrier 45-55% nitrogen 6-10%
Phosphorus 7-10% potassium 9-10%
Humic acids 9-10% trace element 8-10%
Water surplus.
Can select be, organic set meal grow seedling nutritional base of the present invention, by germination period matrix, seedling phase matrix with become seedling stage matrix to form, described germination period matrix, seedling phase matrix and become seedling stage matrix to form by following raw materials by weight:
Germination period matrix:
Natural organic matter carrier 30 as one kind % nitrogen 2%
Humic acids 5% trace element 5%
Water surplus;
Seedling phase matrix:
Natural organic matter carrier 40% nitrogen 5%
Phosphorus 3% potassium 5%
Humic acids 7% trace element 7%
Water surplus;
Become matrix in seedling stage:
Natural organic matter carrier 50% nitrogen 12%
Phosphorus 8% potassium 10%
Humic acids 10% trace element 8%
Water surplus.
In organic set meal grow seedling nutritional base of the present invention, described natural organic matter carrier is peat soil, turfy soil, sphagna, powdered rice hulls, rice bar powder, milled powders of cornstalk, straw powder, rape straw powder or peanut hull meal, can be used alone, also can use their two kinds or above mixture.Described nitrogen is urea, and described phosphorus is diammonium phosphate, and described potassium is vitriolate of tartar or Repone K.
In organic set meal grow seedling nutritional base of the present invention, described trace element is that water can be separated trace element.Being preferably described trace element is calcium, magnesium, silicon, manganese, zinc or phytoncide one Artemisia santonica pulvis or Artemisia santonica water.Can be used alone, also can use their two kinds or above mixture.
The preparation method of organic set meal grow seedling nutritional base of the present invention adds above-mentioned raw materials in the stirrer by proportioning to stir, and will mixing material then, to add in the mould cluster hot-forming, 60 ℃-85 ℃ of hot pressing temperatures.The unit weight of prepared product matrix is 0.20-0.30 gram/cubic centimetre, total porosity is 68-88%, the matrix gas-water ratio is 1: 2.5-3.0, acid-basicity is 5.5-8.0, the inside and outside one deck half charing die wall that forms of each layer matrix, this product is a laminate structure, is respectively germination period matrix, seedling phase based substrate from inside to outside and becomes matrix in seedling stage, through hot pressing formation partial carbonization die wall, finished product can be cylinder shape, round, sheet type etc. according to customer demand between layer and the layer.According to the different situations in plant-growth stage, become seedling stage matrix nutrient maximum, seedling phase based substrate secondly, the required nutrient of germination period matrix is minimum.
Organic set meal grow seedling nutritional base of the present invention is fit to botanical seedling culturing germination period, seedling phase and becomes seedling growth to use.
The present invention is aided with the scientific formula of meticulous development according to natural organic matter raw material and required nutrient demand of plant different growing stages and seedling medium modulation technique, reaches the purpose of sterilization virus killing, removal worm's ovum.The scientific and reasonable assembly of organic substrate and inorganic matrix, ventilation, moisture and the nutrient distribution situation of regulating seedling medium better, preparation germination period matrix, seedling phase matrix, one-tenth matrix in seedling stage.
The present invention adopts the raw material of organic content more than 35%, and through pre-treatment, air-dry, airing, decon, pulverizing are delivered into the organic matter material feed bin; Carry other required nutritive element of plant to enter feed bin separately simultaneously.
In the present invention, according to standard formula or customer demand, formulation data or order quality index data are imported independently developed production management system setting program, by computer instruction, electrometer amount feeding device, material is delivered into germination period matrix, seedling phase matrix respectively, becomes matrix electronic monitoring in seedling stage agitator storehouse, fully stir, other required nutritive element of organic matter material and plant is merged.Respectively germination period matrix, seedling phase matrix, the one-tenth matrix material in seedling stage that stirs delivered into the moulding of 200T organotrophy base built-up type moulding thermocompressor by the electrometer amount feeding device, Automatic Combined forms whole solid shape matrix.At this moment, organic set meal grow seedling nutritional base is made.Organic set meal grow seedling nutritional base product of making, through being up to the standards, by performance, specification, and particular requirement pack warehouse-in respectively.
The present invention is by independently developed production management system, production process is all managed and the row of pressing automatically by computer, realize streamline, industrialized standard production, the quality technology controllable parameters, according to the growth characteristics of each kind of plant and client's demand, use the difference of object, the specification of nutrition base and functional character have corresponding variation, regulate the technical indicator of matrix, satisfy different clients' demand.This product can be widely used in growing seedlings and plantation on desert, Gobi desert, abrupt slope cliff of diversified economy crops such as vegetables, flowers, melon and fruit, tobacco, cotton, medicinal material, forest.
Organic set meal grow seedling nutritional base product of the present invention uses operating procedure simple, be convenient to produce, with low cost, need not the common complex labour of growing seedlings and being taked, only need water-swelling before using, broadcast into seed (or moving into seedling) in ready-formed kind cave (or dividing the seedling cave), covering loosens the soil in right amount can finish the operation of growing seedlings; The seedling rate height, sowing quantity is few, emerge evenly neat, growing way is consistent, once-seedling forming, its nursery stage shortened than the common nursery stage time; Tape base is transplanted and is not hindered root, and alive fast, and seedling directly moves into the land for growing field crops, and surviving rate is saved seedling cost up to more than 99%; Plant strain growth is vigorous, can make the crop premature ripening, reaches the benefit that increases both production and value, and on average increases production more than 25%, increases the economic benefit at plantation family.
The present invention uses the degradable natural organic matter material, and organic set meal grow seedling nutritional matrix ground loosens, and permeability is good, does and does not ftracture, and wets and does not harden; No germ, no worm's ovum have natural disease-resistant bacteriostasis, stopped the generation of seedling blight, samping off, root rot, do not propagate disease pest and weed, do not add agricultural chemicals, hormone, can effectively control sprout term disease; Improve the resistance of plant, obviously strengthen plant drought, cold-resistant, disease-resistant and lodging tolerance; The seedling of cultivating all is the healthy seedling of noresidue, anosis Chinese caterpillar fungus evil, meets organic, nuisanceless and the green production standard code, safety and environmental protection.The proportioning of selecting materials of organic set meal grow seedling nutritional base of the present invention has adopted the scientific technology biological, chemical, that physics combines, the scientific and reasonable assembly of organic substrate and inorganic matrix, ventilation, moisture and the nutrient distribution situation of regulating seedling medium better; Total amount of organic is more than or equal to 25%, and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium content meet plant different growing stages nutritional needs, rich trace elements, and trace element is balanced complete, and nutrient is comprehensive, also is rich in other active substance.
The present invention is the theoretical and required nutrient element of nursery stock different growing stages according to plant nutrition, the layering compacting, Automatic Combined makes plant rationally distribute in the nutrition of different growing stages demand, solved existing nutrition base and become to occur seedling stage to take off fertile phenomenon, the not enough hard nut to crack of nutrition supply.And utilize the moulding of 200T organotrophy base built-up type moulding thermocompressor, heat pressing process makes the inside and outside one deck half charing die wall that forms of each layer matrix, not only play ventilative water retention, and can make whole technology of the exclusive air of nutrition base can increase considerably seedlings root quantity, be beneficial to root system and twine (sticking together), strengthen the root system vigor, make the rice shoot root system development good so that rise, the seedling rate height, Miao Qimiao is strong; Have nature to isolate the nutrition element interaction again, do not cause germination period, seedling phase overnutrition and burn seedling, injury seedling, fertilizer does not appear taking off in nursery stage, and rice shoot is healthy and strong consistent, does not produce fertilizer damage; Effectively guarantee the stable market supply and the organic slowly-releasing, long-lasting of desired nutritional in seedling stage simultaneously.The present invention has selected to use abundant, the cheap light matrix of local resources, has reduced the seedling medium cost, finally makes the client can use cheap and good-quality good product.Germination period matrix, seedling phase matrix base and become seedling stage matrix the key technical indexes to see Table 1-3.
Table one
| Title | Organic | Humic acid | Nitrogen (N) | Phosphorus (P) | Potassium (K) | PH | Trace element |
| Numerical value | ≥30％ | ≥3％ | ?≥2％ | ?≥2％ | ?≥1％ | 5.5-6.5 | ■ |
Table two
| Title | Organic | Humic acid | Nitrogen (N) | Phosphorus (P) | Potassium (K) | PH | Trace element |
| Numerical value | ≥25％ | ≥8％ | ?≥6％ | ?≥6％ | ?≥6％ | 6.5-7.5 | ■ |
Table three
| Title | Organic | Humic acid | Nitrogen (N) | Phosphorus (P) | Potassium (K) | PH | Trace element |
| Numerical value | ≥25％ | ≥12％ | ≥12％ | ?≥8％ | ?≥8％ | 7.5-8.0 | ■ |
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of synoptic diagram of product of the present invention.
In Fig. 1, on behalf of germination period matrix, symbol 2, symbol 1 represent seedling phase based substrate, and symbol 3 is represented into matrix in seedling stage.
All raw material of Shi Yonging and additive etc. all are conventional uses in the present invention, can buy from market.In the present invention, refer in particular to as non-, all amount, per-cents are weight unit.
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is carried out concrete description.As known by the technical knowledge, the present invention can realize by other the embodiment that does not break away from its spirit or essential feature.Therefore, following embodiment with regard to each side, all just illustrates, and is not only.All within the scope of the present invention or the change that is equal in the scope of the present invention all be included in the invention.
Embodiment
Select raw material by following proportioning:
Germination period matrix:
Natural organic matter carrier 30 as one kind kilogram, 2 kilograms in nitrogen, 1 kilogram in phosphorus, 2 kilograms in potassium, 5 kilograms of humic acidss, 5 kilograms of trace elements, 55 kilograms in water;
Seedling phase matrix:
40 kilograms in natural organic matter carrier, 5 kilograms in nitrogen, 3 kilograms in phosphorus, 5 kilograms in potassium, 7 kilograms of humic acidss, 7 kilograms of trace elements, 33 kilograms in water;
Become matrix in seedling stage:
Natural organic matter carrier 50%, nitrogen 12%, 8 kilograms in phosphorus, 10 kilograms in potassium, 10 kilograms of humic acidss, 8 kilograms of trace elements, 2 kilograms in water.
Wherein: described natural organic matter carrier is peat soil, turfy soil, sphagna, powdered rice hulls, rice bar powder, and milled powders of cornstalk, the straw powder, rape straw powder or peanut hull meal can be used alone, and also can use their two kinds or above mixture.Described nitrogen is urea, and described phosphorus is diammonium phosphate, and described potassium is vitriolate of tartar or Repone K.Described trace element is calcium, magnesium, silicon, manganese, zinc or phytoncide-Artemisia santonica pulvis or Artemisia santonica water.Can be used alone, also can use their two kinds or above mixture.
The preparation method of organic set meal grow seedling nutritional base of the present invention adds above-mentioned raw materials in the stirrer by proportioning to stir; to mix material then, to add in the mould cluster hot-forming; employed is the thunderous board thermocompressor that thunderous environmental protection machinery factory produces, 60 ℃-85 ℃ of hot pressing temperatures.The unit weight of prepared product matrix is 0.20-0.30 gram/cubic centimetre, total porosity is 68-88%, the matrix gas-water ratio is 1: 2.5-3.0, acid-basicity is 5.5-8.0, the inside and outside one deck half charing die wall that forms of each layer matrix, this product is a laminate structure, is respectively germination period matrix, seedling phase based substrate from inside to outside and becomes matrix in seedling stage, through hot pressing formation partial carbonization die wall, finished product can be cylinder shape, round, sheet type etc. according to customer demand between layer and the layer.
Embodiment 2: except that prescription was different with embodiment 1, other was with embodiment 1
Germination period matrix:
20 kilograms in natural organic matter carrier, 1 kilogram in nitrogen, 1 kilogram in phosphorus, 1 kilogram in potassium, 3 kilograms of humic acidss, 3 kilograms of trace elements, 81 kilograms in water;
Seedling phase matrix:
35 kilograms in natural organic matter carrier, 1 kilogram in nitrogen, 1 kilogram in phosphorus, 1 kilogram in potassium, 3 kilograms of humic acidss, 3 kilograms of trace elements, 56 kilograms in water;
Become matrix in seedling stage:
Natural organic matter carrier 40%, nitrogen 6%, 6.5 kilograms in phosphorus, 9 kilograms in potassium, 9 kilograms of humic acidss, 8 kilograms of trace elements, 21.5 kilograms in water.
Embodiment 3: except that prescription was different with embodiment 1, other was with embodiment 1
Germination period matrix:
25 kilograms in natural organic matter carrier, 2 kilograms in nitrogen, 1 kilogram in phosphorus, 2 kilograms in potassium, 4 kilograms of humic acidss, 4 kilograms of trace elements, 62 kilograms in water;
Seedling phase matrix:
45 kilograms in natural organic matter carrier, 5 kilograms in nitrogen, 5 kilograms in phosphorus, 7 kilograms in potassium, 7 kilograms of humic acidss, 6 kilograms of trace elements, 25 kilograms in water;
Become matrix in seedling stage:
Natural organic matter carrier 51%, nitrogen 8%, 8 kilograms in phosphorus, 9 kilograms in potassium, 10 kilograms of humic acidss, 9 kilograms of trace elements, 5 kilograms in water.
Claims (10)
1. organic set meal grow seedling nutritional base is characterized in that by germination period matrix, seedling phase matrix and becomes seedling stage matrix to form, described germination period matrix, seedling phase matrix and become seedling stage matrix to be made up of following raw materials by weight:
Germination period matrix:
Natural organic matter carrier 20-33% nitrogen 1-3%
Phosphorus 0.5-2% potassium 1-3%
Humic acids 3-5% trace element 3-5%
Water surplus;
Seedling phase matrix:
Natural organic matter carrier 35-45% nitrogen 3.5-5%
Phosphorus 3-6% potassium 3.5-8%
Humic acids 3.5-8% trace element 3.5-7.5%
Water surplus;
Become matrix in seedling stage:
Natural organic matter carrier 40-55% nitrogen 6-12%
Phosphorus 6.1-10% potassium 9-11%
Humic acids 9-11% trace element 8-10%
Water surplus.
2. organic set meal grow seedling nutritional base according to claim 1 is characterized in that by germination period matrix, seedling phase matrix and becomes seedling stage matrix to form, described germination period matrix, seedling phase matrix and become seedling stage matrix to be made up of following raw materials by weight:
Germination period matrix:
Natural organic matter carrier 25-33% nitrogen 2-3%
Phosphorus 1-2% potassium 2-3%
Humic acids 3-5% trace element 3-5%
Water surplus;
Seedling phase matrix:
Natural organic matter carrier 35-40% nitrogen 4-5%
Phosphorus 4-6% potassium 4-8%
Humic acids 5-8% trace element 4-7.5%
Water surplus;
Become matrix in seedling stage:
Natural organic matter carrier 45-55% nitrogen 6-10%
Phosphorus 7-10% potassium 9-10%
Humic acids 9-10% trace element 8-10%
Water surplus.
3. organic set meal grow seedling nutritional base according to claim 1 is characterized in that by germination period matrix, seedling phase matrix and becomes seedling stage matrix to form, described germination period matrix, seedling phase matrix and become seedling stage matrix to be made up of following raw materials by weight:
Germination period matrix:
Natural organic matter carrier 30 as one kind % nitrogen 2%
Phosphorus 1% potassium 2%
Humic acids 5% trace element 5%
Water surplus;
Seedling phase matrix:
Natural organic matter carrier 40% nitrogen 5%
Phosphorus 3% potassium 5%
Humic acids 7% trace element 7%
Water surplus;
Become matrix in seedling stage:
Natural organic matter carrier 50% nitrogen 12%
Phosphorus 8% potassium 10%
Humic acids 10% trace element 8%
Water surplus.
4. according to the described organic set meal grow seedling nutritional base of one of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that described natural organic matter carrier is peat soil, turfy soil, sphagna, powdered rice hulls, rice bar powder, milled powders of cornstalk, the straw powder, rape straw powder or peanut hull meal can be used alone, and also can use their two kinds or above mixture.
5. according to the described organic set meal grow seedling nutritional base of one of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that described nitrogen is urea, described phosphorus is diammonium phosphate, and described potassium is vitriolate of tartar or Repone K.
6. according to the described organic set meal grow seedling nutritional base of one of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that described trace element is that water can be separated trace element.
7. organic set meal grow seedling nutritional base according to claim 6 is characterized in that described trace element is calcium, magnesium, silicon, manganese, zinc or phytoncide-Artemisia santonica pulvis or Artemisia santonica water.
8. according to the preparation method of the described organic set meal grow seedling nutritional base of one of claim 1-7, it is characterized in that above-mentioned raw materials by stirring in the proportioning adding stirrer, to mix material then, to add in the mould cluster hot-forming, 60 ℃-85 ℃ of hot pressing temperatures.
9. the preparation method of organic set meal grow seedling nutritional base according to claim 8, the unit weight that it is characterized in that prepared product matrix is 0.20-0.30 gram/cubic centimetre, total porosity is 68-88%, the matrix gas-water ratio is 1: 2.5-3.0, acid-basicity is 5.5-8.0, the inside and outside one deck half charing die wall that forms of each layer matrix.
10. according to the described organic set meal grow seedling nutritional base of one of claim 1-7, it is characterized in that being fit to botanical seedling culturing germination period, seedling phase and become seedling growth to use.
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| CN103819272A (en) * | 2014-02-26 | 2014-05-28 | 扬州大学 | Seedbed soil for culturing blanket-like rapeseed seedlings and preparation method thereof |
| CN105409551A (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2016-03-23 | 天津创世生态景观建设股份有限公司 | Seedling rejuvenation method for saline and alkaline land |
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| CN108029467A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-05-15 | 四川省农业科学院生物技术核技术研究所 | Herpetospermum pedunculosum sustained release seedling growing block and preparation method thereof |
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| CN108934861A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2018-12-07 | 安徽布谷农业有限公司 | A kind of novel rice implantation methods |
| CN111837782A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-10-30 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Camellia oleifera seedling growing method |
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